Purpose - MARC

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2

Purpose: The purpose of this meeting is to introduce

the requirements of the Climate Risk and Vulnerability

Assessment (CRVA) and to prioritize and assess the

regional climate hazards, define the regional adaptive

capacity, and discuss vulnerable populations and

social equity.

Goals: To address gaps in the CRVA for the MARC

region and collect information on regional hazards and

adaptive capacity.

Agenda:

I. Climate Hazards

II. Regional Adaptive Capacity

III. Vulnerable Populations and Social Equity

Workshop 1 Agenda

Day 2

Climate Risk and

Vulnerability Assessment

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Climate Risk and Vulnerability

Assessment

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Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (CRVA)

Mandatory:

• Identification and description of previous major climate hazards and associated impacts.

• Identification of most significant climate hazards and description of associated risks, expected

future impacts, and the sectors, assets, and services most affected.

• Identification of factors that will most affect adaptive capacity and description of how each

factors supports or challenges it.

Recommended:

• Information on vulnerable population groups most affected by climate hazards.

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Regional Boundary

MARC Region + Douglas County

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Climate Hazards

The potential occurrence of a natural or human-induced physical event or trend or physical impact

that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, as well as damage and loss to property,

infrastructure, livelihoods, service provision, ecosystems, and environmental resources. The term

hazard usually refers to climate-related physical events or trends or their physical impacts.

GCoM Framework Requirements:

• Provide type of Climate Hazards

• Current and Future Risk Level of each hazard

• Intensity and Frequency of past/current hazards and expected change in Intensity and

Frequency for future hazards

• Description of Impacts experienced in the past (required only for past/current hazards) and list

of impacted sectors and the magnitude of impact for each sector (for both past/current and

future hazards)

Climate Leadership Workshop

MID-AMERICA REGIONAL COUNCILHAZARD MITIGATION PLAN

MITIGATION PLAN EVERY FIVE YEARS

LOCAL JURISDICTIONS –Cities, counties,

school districts, colleges, special districts

Mitigation planning is a process to:

‒ Identify hazards that pose risk

‒ Assess the potential impacts

‒ Develop goals, objectives, and actions

‒ Set priorities/ implement mitigation actions

BENEFITS OF ADOPTING A HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN

Enables jurisdictions to assess their risks and vulnerabilities to natural (or man-made) hazards

Enables inter-departmental and inter-disciplinary discussions on hazards and possible mitigation measures

Allows for broad community input

Enables jurisdictions to seek FEMA grants

BENEFITS OF PARTICIPATING IN A MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL PLAN

Enables comprehensive approach to mitigate hazards that affect multiple jurisdictions

Receives planning support and shares resources

Avoids duplication of effort

Improves coordination/communication among local jurisdictions

2020 PRIORITIES - NATURAL HAZARDS FOR CONSIDERATION

Flood-Related Hazards‒River Flooding ‒Flash Flooding ‒Dam/Levee Failure

Severe Winter Weather

Tornadoes/Severe Thunderstorms

Drought/Extreme Temperatures

KC AREA CLIMATE PROJECTIONS

Source: Dan Walker, Ph.D. A.M. ASCE, Climate Moneys LLC, and Christopher Anderson, Ph.D., Iowa State University, www.climatelook.com

HEAT AND DROUGHTCASS COUNTY

2009-2019 DROUGHT REPORTS

2009-2019 DROUGHT IMPACTS

AGRICULTURAL, PLANTS AND WILDLIFE

79 21

BUSINESS & INDUSTRY

0 1

FIRE 11 1

WATER SUPPLY 7 3

OTHER 21 1010/8/2019

FLOODINGCASS COUNTY

FLOOD EVENTS (2014-

2019)

TYPE/CAUSE

8 events – Freeman, Avon (2), Harrisonville, Strasburg, Pleasant Hill (2), Belton

Flash Flood, Heavy Rain

2 events – Freeman, Pleasant Hill

Flood, Heavy Rain

10/8/2019

PROFILE UPDATE ONLINE TOOL

10/8/2019

GOALS & ACTIONS UPDATE ONLINE TOOL

10/8/2019

TYPES OF MITIGATION STRATEGIES

Public education and awareness

Local plans and regulations

Natural systems protection

Structures and infrastructure

MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER - TORNADOES

Promote the construction of safe rooms or shelters in

schools, child care centers or nursing homeshomes and mobile home parkspublic parks, particularly large sporting complexes

10/8/2019

MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER –SEVERE WIND

Protect power lines and infrastructure with tree pruning, anchor systems, bury power lines, install redundancy, etc.

Review wind hazards for your facilities to identify and address at-risk structures

Promote site and building design standards to minimize wind damage

Adopt and enforce high wind building codes

10/8/2019

MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER –SEVERE WINTER WEATHER

Adopt building codes to include roof snow loads and discourage flat roof construction

Lessen roadway impacts using snow fences to reduce blowing snow

Conduct winter weather risk awareness activities

Identify and assist vulnerable populations to remain in their homes or at heating centers10/8/2019

MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER –DROUGHT

Develop drought emergency plan to include criteria for drought-related actions and to inform the public

Monitor drought conditions and water supply and have plans to take actions as necessary

Consider mandatory water conservation measures during drought emergencies for non-essential uses

Improve water supply and delivery systems to save water

Encourage use of drought-tolerant landscape design

Educate residents on water saving techniques and farmers on conservation practices

10/8/2019

MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER –EXTREME TEMPERATURES

Reduce Urban Heat Island through tree and other vegetation plantings

Educate the public on impacts of extreme temperatures on public health

Assist vulnerable populations with heating or cooling centers, encourage utilities to provide assistance

Educate property owners about freezing pipes

10/8/2019

MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER -FLOODING

Incorporate flood mitigation into local planning

Limit or restrict development in flood prone areas

Adopt a stream buffer (or setback) ordinance

Establish a green infrastructure program to expand green spaces to absorb rain water

Improve stormwater management planning and adopt policies to reduce runoff

10/8/2019

HAZARD MEASURES TO CONSIDER – FLOOD (CONTINUED)

Participate in Community Rating System

Establish local funding for flood mitigation

Remove existing structures from flood hazard areas

Improve stormwater drainage system capacity

Protect infrastructure and critical facilities

Increase public awareness of flood risks10/8/2019

HAZARD MITIGATION WEBSITE

Website that will help participants understand the hazards, identify potential risks, assist with assessing impact and tracking goals and actions.

Hazard Mitigation Website

10/8/2019

https://gis2.marc2.org/hazardmitigation/index.html?securecode=479342

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Climate Hazards

• Floods

• Tornadoes

• Severe Thunderstorms

• Extreme Heat

• Drought

• Severe Winter Weather

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Activity 1: Climate Hazards

• Break into groups

• Write 1-2 climate hazard(s) and brainstorm future impacts on different sectors, assets or services

• Report back to group

Extreme Heat

Public HealthIncrease in heat-related illness and

deaths with greatest impact on most

vulnerable populations.

High

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Adaptive Capacity

The ability of systems, institutions, humans and other organisms to adjust to potential damage, to

take advantage of opportunities or to respond to consequences.

Adaptive capacity is an indication of the redundancy, flexibility, and robustness of an asset or group.


• Selection of the adaptive capacity factors that are most relevant to the Region

• For each chosen factor, the degree in which the factor challenges the adaptive capacity of

the region. (Regions may also highlight factors that support the adaptive capacity of the region,

but the focus of this exercise is to identify areas in need of improvement)

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Activity 2: Adaptive Capacity

• In same groups, select 5 adaptive capacity factors that are most relevant to the region

• Discuss how those factors challenge adaptive capacity

• Can be broad or related to specific climate hazard

• Report back to group

Political stability

Region C has observed that short political

terms and high turnover of committed

political leaders and skilled technical city

staff undermines long-term adaptation

plans.

High

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Vulnerable Populations and Social Equity

Vulnerability is the propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected. Vulnerability encompasses

a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of

capacity to cope and adapt. When it comes to climate change, those populations that are most

exposed and most vulnerable tend to be those that are most disadvantaged, without the ability to

recover from climate events or prepare for future events.


Reporting on vulnerable populations is not required by the GCoM Framework but is encouraged as

it sheds light on the adaptation needs for the Region.

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MARC Regional Resilience Strategy (2017)

Resilience is intrinsically a triple bottom-line

concept, with an unblinking social equity lens.

Build on social equity work to date.

Incorporate into Climate Risk and Vulnerability

Assessment

• Who is most vulnerable?

• Where are vulnerable communities located?

• What are the specific risks and vulnerabilities

within these communities?

Build engagement & empowerment processes and

structures

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Guiding Principle: EQUITY

Residents of all races, economic means and

abilities are welcome and equipped

to participate in all aspects of community life.

A region is most likely to be sustainable,

and nationally and globally competitive, if

all its residents are active participants in its

economy, community and public life.

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Planning Sustainable Places

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Other Equity Planning

• Hazard Mitigation Plans

• Environmental justice analysis

• Fair Housing Plans

• First Suburbs

• KC Communities for All Ages

• Water Quality Program

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Purpose: The purpose of this meeting is to

introduce the GCoM project, facilitate the

development of the GHG inventory, and initiate the

business as usual projections for the region.

Goals: To gain feedback on data sources and

methodology for the GHG inventory and BAU

projections

Agenda:

I. GHG Inventory Overview

II. Business as Usual Overview

III. Stationary Energy Sector

IV. Transportation Sector

V. Other Sectors

VI. Next Steps

Workshop 1 Agenda

Day 2

GHG Inventory and

Business as Usual

Projections

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GHG Inventory

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GHG Inventory

A Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventory is

created to assess a region’s carbon footprint

and identify the areas of largest impact.

Creating a GHG inventory is the first step in

identifying mitigation targets and actions.

GHG inventories include a set of regional

emission factors, activity data across a

variety of sectors, and total GHG emissions

for the region.

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GHG Inventory

Mandatory:

• GHG emissions from stationary energy, transportation, and waste sectors.

• GHG emissions from energy generation activities; not counted to GHG inventory total.

• Activity data and emissions factors for all sources, disaggregated by activity/fuel type.

Recommended:

• GHG emissions from industrial processes and product use (IPPU) and agriculture, forestry,

and other land use (AFOLU) sectors, where significant.

• Emissions trading schemes (ETS) and distributed renewable energy generation.

• Use of activity-based emissions factors.

Optional:

• GHG emissions from upstream activities (e.g., out-of-boundary sources).

• Emissions trading schemes (ETS) and distributed renewable energy generation.

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GHG Emissions Sectors

Stationary

EnergyTransportation Waste

Industrial

Processes and

Product Use

Agriculture,

Forestry and

Other Land Use

Building and

facility energy

consumption

Manufacturing

facility using non-

grid energy sources

Equipment used for

industrial,

construction,

agriculture, and

other similar

activities

Fugitive emissions

from oil and natural

gas systems

On-road travel,

such as private

automobiles and

commercial trucks

and busses

Rail travel, including

both public and

commercial

transport

Air and water travel

within the regional

boundary

Solid waste

generated within the

regional boundary

that is disposed or

biologically treated

Solid waste

generated within the

regional boundary

that is incinerated

or burned

Wastewater

treatment within the

regional boundary

Industrial

processes that

chemically or

physically transform

materials

Product use by

industry and end-

consumers,

including

refrigerants and

aerosols

Fossil fuels for non-

energy uses,

including lubricants

and paraffin waxes

Livestock and

manure

management

Land use including

forest land,

cropland, grassland,

wetlands, and other

land uses

Other sources

including biomass

burning, rice

cultivation, and

fertilizer use

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Direct vs. Indirect Emissions

Direct Emissions – emissions due to fuel combustion in buildings, equipment/facilities

and transportation sectors within the city boundary. These emissions physically occur

inside the city boundary.

Other Direct Emissions – emissions that are not related to fuel combustion, including:

fugitive emissions from disposal and treatment of waste (including wastewater) generated

within the city boundary, which may occur inside or outside the city boundary, and; fugitive

emissions from natural gas distribution systems (such as equipment or pipeline leaks).

Indirect Emissions – emissions due to consumption of grid-supplied energy (electricity,

heat or cold) within the geographic boundary. Depending on where energy is generated,

these emissions may physically occur inside or outside the city boundary.

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Activity Data

Activity data is a quantitative measure of a level of activity that results in GHG emissions

taking place during the inventory year. Examples of activity data are:

• Amount of natural gas used for space heating in residential buildings, measured in

therms

• Distance traveled by private car journeys, measured in vehicle miles traveled (VMT)

• Amount of waste sent to landfill, measured in pounds (lb)

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Emission Factor

Emission factors are coefficients which quantify the emissions associated with each unit

of activity, for example:

• Amount of CO2 emitted per liter of diesel combusted

• Amount of CH4 emitted per ton of waste sent to landfill

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Global Warming Potential (GWP)

A metric for comparing the global warming impacts of different gases. The emissions

impact of a variety of gases are compared to the impact of Carbon Dioxide. The GWP of

typical greenhouse gases are presented below.

Greenhouse Gas GWP

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 1

Methane (CH4) 28 – 36

Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 265 – 298

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Emission Calculations

GHG emissions for an activity are reported as carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) using

Global Warming Potential (GWP) values for individual gases.

Activity Data x Emission Factor x GWP = GHG Emissions (CO2e)

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Business as Usual Projections

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Business as Usual

Projections

A Business as Usual (BAU) projection

represents future events or conditions that

are likely to occur in the absence of climate

mitigation activities.

BAU scenarios consider current climate

mitigation activities and expected growth,

along with other factors, to forecast GHG

emissions.

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BAU Projections

What factors affect BAU projections?

Growth in population and employment

can increase GHG emissions across all major sectors (stationary energy, transportation, and

waste).

Technological changes

such as new modes of transportation or methods of electricity generation.

Environmental policies and regulation

such as regional/local requirements for building energy efficiency and federal and/or state

emission standards

Business as usual projections is intended

to include normal projections of growth and

change in the region and may include

climate-related regulation and law that will

undoubtedly have an impact on emissions.

Business as planned projections may, in

addition to the BAU, include all local and

regional-scale climate actions and targets

that are planned for future years, whether

or not they are actually implemented within

the projected timeframe.

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Business as Usual

vs. Business as

Planned

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Methodology

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1. Identify data sources

2. Select scale

3. Estimate emissions

4. Report and monitor

National Data

MARC

State Data

County Data

City Data

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Stationary Energy Sector

• Buildings (Residential, Commercial, Institutional, Industrial)

• Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Activities

• Fugitive Emissions

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Stationary Energy

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Buildings and Facilities

GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed within the Regional Boundary.

Must separately account for Residential, Commercial, Institutional, and Industrial Buildings.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption in buildings

• Option 1: Utility reported billing data

• Option 2: Energy use intensity by building type and area

• Option 3: National Energy Consumption Data scaled down by population and local survey reports

• Option 4: Industry type and production volume

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project construction, demolition, and replacement of specific building types and

estimate associated energy consumption.

• Data Sources: Regional population and employment projections, historic building demolition rates,

building energy consumption benchmarks and projected emissions factors for grid electricity.

Mandatory

STATIONARY ENERGY

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Gas

• Spire Energy

• Kansas Gas Service

• Atmos Energy

Electricity

• KCP&L

• IP&L

• Westar Energy

• KCBPU

• City of Gardner

Utility Data

Residential Non- Residential

Commercial

Institutional

Industrial

Stationary Energy

Emissions factors for grid electricity

change in response to generation sources

(e.g., coal-fired or natural gas power plants,

grid-scale solar power) and their utilization.

Current or baseline year emissions factors

may be used for BAU estimates and low

carbon scenarios, if projections are not

available.

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What about

emissions factors for

grid electricity?

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Net Electricity Generation

by Source

Missouri Kansas

Carbon Intensity = 68.1 kg/Btu Carbon Intensity = 54.5 kg/Btu

Source: Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly

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Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by off-road stationary

equipment within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption

• Option 1: Facility reported data from vehicles and machinery used for farming, forestry, fishing and

livestock activities (generators, heaters, etc.)

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project change in industrial productivity and estimate emissions based on current or

baseline year emissions production rate.

• Data Sources: Industry-based regional employment projections, regional GDP projections from

agriculture and forestry sector and projected emissions factors for grid electricity.

Mandatory

STATIONARY ENERGY

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Fugitive Emissions

GHG emissions from the extraction, transformation, and transportation of coal, oil and natural gas

operations within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Intentional and unintentional emissions

• Option 1: Facility reported data from coal, oil and natural gas operations and leaks

• Option 2: Industry data reporting volume of coal, oil and natural gas extracted or processed

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Typically not addressed. Possible to link with change in certain industrial activities.

• Data Sources: Projected change in coal, oil and natural gas industries within the Regional Boundary.

Mandatory

STATIONARY ENERGY

Energy Generation vs. Stationary Energy

When reporting GHG emissions for GCoM

compliance, any energy generation that is

intended for district or regional-scale

distribution must be separated from the

Stationary Energy sector and reported as

“Energy Generation.”

Energy Generation emissions are not to be

included in the regional GHG emission total

as they are already reflected in the energy

consumption emissions.

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What about Energy

Generation?

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3. What method to use

to estimate emissions?

4. Who will report and

monitor?

2. What is the scale?1. What are the data

sources?

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Transportation Sector

• On-Road Transportation

• Railways

• Water-Borne Navigation

• Aviation

• Off-Road Transportation

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Transportation

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On-Road Transportation

GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by passenger and freight

vehicles and public transit buses within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:


• Option 1: Regional Transportation Models providing in-boundary and transboundary trips by

vehicle miles traveled (preferably by vehicle type, mode and fuel type)

• Option 2: Fuel sales and vehicle ownership data within geographic boundary

• Option 3: Regional survey samples for household size, vehicle registration data and average

distance to destination

• Option 4 (for buses only): Fuel consumption and ridership data reported by bus transit agencies

• Option 5 (for buses only): Bus trip length and number of scheduled trips on weekdays and

weekends

Mandatory

TRANSPORTATION

Only emissions from journeys occurring inside the Regional Boundary are required

Passenger Vehicles

• Cars

• Taxis

• Motorbikes

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Freight Trucks

• Medium-Duty Trucks

• Heavy Duty Trucks

Public Transit

• Buses (including BRT)

• Street Cars

Source: Transportation Outlook 2040

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BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project change in vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by transportation mode and estimate

associated fuel consumption.

• Data Sources: Regional population and/or land use projections, current or projected transportation

mode split, current or projected fuel consumption and projected emissions factors for grid

electricity.

TRANSPORTATION

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Railways

GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by commuter and freight rail

within the Regional Boundary. Railway emissions should be disaggregated by municipal fleet, public

transport, and private/commercial transport.

Reporting Level:


• Option 1: Fuel consumption and ridership data reported by commuter rail and freight companies

• Option 2: Scale transportation statistics reporting emissions or fuel per rider or per freight ton

• Option 3: National fuel consumption data scaled down by population or number of rail miles

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Addressed where applicable. Estimate fuel consumption associated with change in

ridership.

• Data Sources: Projected ridership, current or projected fuel consumption and projected emissions

factors for grid electricity.

Mandatory

TRANSPORTATION

Only emissions from journeys occurring inside the Regional Boundary are required

GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by ships, ferries, and other

boats within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:


• Option 1: Fuel consumption data reported by ports

• Option 2: National maritime or port data scaled down by population or freight volume

• Option 3: Ferry trip length and number of scheduled trips on weekdays and weekends

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Typically not addressed.

• Data Sources: Projected water travel, freight volume, current or projected fuel consumption.

Mandatory, if significant

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Water-Borne Navigation

TRANSPORTATION

Only emissions from journeys fully confined within the Regional

Boundary are required

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Off-Road Transportation

GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by off-road vehicles and mobile

machinery or equipment within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:


• Option 1: Engine or permit surveys for off-road vehicles used for manufacturing, construction,

landscaping, and recreational purposes

• Option 2: National maritime or port data and airport data scaled down by population or GDP by

industry

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Typically not addressed. Possible to link with change in certain industrial activities.

• Data Sources: Regional GDP projections from Agriculture, Mining, Manufacturing, and Construction

industries.


TRANSPORTATION

GHG emissions from fossil fuels (aviation and jet fuel) and grid-supplied electricity consumed by

planes, helicopters, and other vertical takeoff and landing systems within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:


• Option 1: Fuel consumption data reported by airports and local helicopter companies

• Option 2: National aviation data scaled down by population or GDP per capita

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Typically not addressed.

• Data Sources: Projected air travel, freight volume, current or projected fuel consumption.


70

Aviation

TRANSPORTATION

Only emissions from journeys fully confined within the Regional

Boundary are required

71

According to FAA-published data, the

eight-county Kansas City region has 96

aviation facilities, 68 airports and 28

heliports.

Emissions from fuel consumed by airports

and heliports reported under

Transportation.

Emissions from facilities and electricity

consumed at airports and heliports is

reported under Stationary Energy.

Source: Transportation Outlook 2040

72

3. What method to use

to estimate emissions?

4. Who will report and

monitor?

2. What is the scale?1. What are the data

sources?

73

Other Sectors

• Solid Waste Disposal

• Biological Treatment of Waste

• Waste Incineration

• Wastewater Treatment

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Waste

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Solid Waste Disposal

GHG emissions from organic waste volume disposed in landfills and open dumps within the Regional

Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Organic waste volume sent to landfills

• Option 1: Historic disposal tonnage and mass of organic waste sent to landfills in and outside the region

• Option 2: Organic waste quantity disposed in landfills in and outside the region

• Option 3: Surveys on waste generation and diversion rates with waste composition breakdown

• Option 4: Landfill reports stating waste in place tons, breakdown by region and landfill gas recovered

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project residential and commercial waste generation by amount landfilled.

• Data Sources: Per capita residential and commercial waste generation by waste type, current or

projected diversion rates.

Mandatory

WASTE

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Biological Treatment of Waste

GHG emissions from organic waste volume diverted to composting and anaerobic digestion facilities

within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Organic waste volume diverted

• Option 1: Organic waste quantity (with breakdown composition) diverted from landfills to

composting and anaerobic digestion facilities in and outside the region

• Option 2: Facility reports stating waste treatment capacity, breakdown by region, and methane

volume recovered (anaerobic digestion facilities only)

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project residential and commercial waste generation by amount composted.

• Data Sources: Per capita residential and commercial waste generation by waste type, current or


Mandatory

WASTE

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Waste Incineration

GHG emissions from waste combusted in waste incinerators or through open burning within the

Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Waste volume incinerated or burned

• Option 1: Mass of waste (with composition breakdown) diverted from landfills to waste incineration

facilities in and outside the region

• Option 2: Facility reports stating waste incineration capacity and incinerator type, waste volume

breakdown by region, and methane volume recovered for energy production (if applicable)

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Addressed where applicable. Project increase in waste treated and estimate emissions

based on current or baseline year emissions production rate.

• Data Sources: Projected increase in waste incinerated or burned and emissions factor(s) for

applicable treatment processes.

Mandatory

WASTE

78

Wastewater Treatment

GHG emissions from wastewater treatment processes within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Wastewater volume

• Option 1: Organic content in wastewater and sludge removed during treatment and wastewater

volume handles in septic systems and wastewater treatment plants

• Option 2: Facility reports stating wastewater treatment capacity and treatment method, breakdown by

region, and methane volume recovered for energy production (if applicable)

• Option 3: National wastewater volume generation rates scaled down by population

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project increase in wastewater treated based on current or baseline year emissions

production rate.

• Data Sources: Per capita wastewater treated and associated emissions factor(s).

Mandatory

WASTE

• Livestock Management

• Land Use

• Other Sources

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Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses (AFOLU)

80

Livestock Management

GHG emissions from livestock within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Livestock quantities and manure management

• Option 1: Surveys documenting number of animals by species, type of manure management system

used for storing and handling animal waste, and volume of biogas/methane recovered (if applicable)

• Option 2: National emissions data scaled down by annual industry output from livestock sector

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project growth in livestock volumes

• Data Sources: Regional GDP growth or revenue projections from livestock industry

Recommended, if significant

AFOLU

81

Land Use

GHG emissions from land uses such as forest land, cropland, grassland, wetlands, settlements, and

other land uses within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Land use data

• Option 1: Regional reports/surveys documenting historic land use type of land area or tree canopy

area and net change in carbon stock

• Option 2: Spatial datasets documenting land use type and area by year

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project forest land area based on historic reforestation or deforestation rates

• Data Sources: Regional land use data


AFOLU

28% 16% 2%Agriculture Natural Forest Urban Forest

Ecological Land Cover in Kansas City Region

Land cover is dominated by the deciduous woodlands & forests,

grasslands, and agricultural land

82

Source: Ecological Land Cover Classification for a Natural Resources Inventory in the Kansas City Region, USA

83

Other Sources

GHG emissions from biomass burning, fertilization, rice cultivation, and harvested wood products within

the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Biomass Burning

• Option 1: Area of land (by crop type or forest type) burnt in the reporting year

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fertilization

• Option 1: Survey of fertilizer type and amount applied to cropland and rangeland (including type of

manure management systems used)

• Option 2: Fertilizer sales data for the reporting year

• Option 3: National emissions data scaled down by cropland area or industry output from agriculture

sector


AFOLU

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Other Sources

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Harvested Wood Products

• Option 1: Regional reports/surveys documenting forest land area (by type) harvested for fuel or wood

products

• Option 2: National emissions data scaled down by area of forest land harvested for fuel or wood

products; or industry output from forestry sector

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project land use changes as it relates to forest land, biomass burning, and fertilization

• Data Sources: Regional GDP growth or revenue projections from agriculture industry

AFOLU

• Industrial Processes

• Product Use

85

Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU)

86

Industrial Processes

GHG emissions from non-energy related industrial processes within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: mineral and chemical industries output and consumption

• Option 1: Activity data from owners and operators of industrial facilities

• Option 2: Specific production data within Regional Boundary from national inventory compiler

Data Needs and Potential Sources: metal industry output and consumption

• Option 1: Activity data from owners and operators of industrial facilities

• Option 3: Production data from governmental agencies responsible for manufacturing statistics or

business or industry trade associations

IPPU


87


BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project change in industrial productivity and estimate emissions based on current or baseline

year emissions production rate.

• Data Sources: Industry-based regional employment projections or regional GDP projections from

industrial sectors.

IPPU

88

Product Use

GHG emissions from products used by industry and end-consumers within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Level:

Data Needs and Potential Sources: non-energy product emissions

• Option 1: Basic production, import, and export data on non-energy products used in the country

Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fluorinated gases used for manufacturing electronic substrates

• Option 1: Fluorinated gases consumption and control technology used in electronics industry

• Option 2: Silicon consumption for electronics manufacturing

Data Needs and Potential Sources: substitutes for ozone-depleting substances (ODS)

• Option 1: Facility reports stating domestic and imported quantity of ODS substitute chemicals

IPPU


89

Product Use

BAU Methodology

• Approach: Project change in industry and end-consumer use of non-energy fossil fuels and ODS

substitutes and change in quantity of electronics substrates processed per year.

• Data Sources: Regional population projections, industry-based regional employment projections,

and regional GDP projections from industrial sectors.

IPPU

90

Next Steps

• Identify data gaps

• Identify data sources

• Finalize GHG emissions inventory methodology

• Estimate BAU projections

91

Next Steps

92

Thank you

93

Appendix: Reporting

Requirements

94

Inventory CategoriesReporting

LevelDescription

Residential Buildings/Facilities Mandatory

GHG emissions from fossil fuels and

grid-supplied electricity consumed within

the Regional Boundary.

Commercial Buildings/Facilities Mandatory

Institutional Buildings/Facilities Mandatory

Industry Mandatory

Agriculture Mandatory

Fugitive Emissions Mandatory Within the Regional Boundary.

Reporting Requirements: Stationary Energy

STATIONARY ENERGY

95

Reporting Requirements: Energy Generation

STATIONARY ENERGY


LevelDescription

Electricity-Only Mandatory

Required for all sources within the

Regional Boundary or from facilities

owned by local governments within the

region.

Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Mandatory

Heating/Cooling Generation Mandatory

Local Renewable Energy Optional

96


LevelDescription

On-Road Mandatory Should be disaggregated by municipal

fleet, public, and private and commercial

transport.Rail Mandatory

Waterborne Navigation Mandatory

May be excluded where not occurring

and/or not significant.Aviation Mandatory

Off-Road Mandatory

Reporting Requirements: Transportation

TRANSPORTATION

97


LevelDescription

Solid Waste MandatoryMay be excluded where not occurring

and/or not significant.

GHG Emissions from waste used for

energy generation should be reported

under Energy Generation.

Biological Waste Mandatory

Incinerated and Burned Waste Mandatory

Wastewater Mandatory

Reporting Requirements: Waste

WASTE

98

Appendix: BAU Methodology

99

Categories Approach Data Sources

Buildings and Facilities Project construction, demolition,

and replacement of specific

building types and estimate

associated energy consumption.

Regional population and employment projections,

historic building demolition rates, building energy

consumption benchmarks. Projected emissions



and Equipment

Project change in industrial

productivity and estimate

emissions based on current or

baseline year emissions

production rate.

Industry-based regional employment projections,

regional GDP projections. Projected emissions


Fugitive Emissions Typically not addressed. Possible

to link with change in certain

industrial activities.

Projected change in oil and gas industries,

chemical industries, and wastewater treatment

activities within the Regional Boundary.

BAU Methodology: Stationary Energy

STATIONARY ENERGY

100

Categories Approach Data Sources

On-Road Travel Project change in vehicle miles

traveled (VMT) by transportation

mode and estimate associated

fuel consumption.

Regional population and/or land use projections,

current or projected transportation mode split,

current or projected fuel consumption. Projected

emissions factors for grid electricity.

Rail Travel Addressed where applicable.

Estimate fuel consumption

associated with change in

ridership.

Projected ridership, current or projected fuel

consumption. Projected emissions factors for grid

electricity.

Air and Water Travel Typically not addressed. Projected air or water travel, freight volume, current

or projected fuel consumption.

BAU Methodology: Transportation

TRANSPORTATION

101

Waste Approach Data Sources

Solid Waste Project residential and commercial

waste generation by amount landfilled,

recycled, composed, and incinerated or

burned.

Per capita residential and commercial waste

generation by waste type, current or


Incinerated and

Burned Waste

Addressed where applicable. Project

increase in waste treated and estimate

emissions based on current or baseline

year emissions production rate.

Projected increase in waste incinerated or

burned. Emissions factor(s) for applicable

treatment processes.

Wastewater Treatment Project increase in wastewater treated

based on current or baseline year

emissions production rate.

Per capita wastewater treated and

associated emissions factor(s).

BAU Methodology: Waste

WASTE

Documents

Purpose - MARC