1
2
Purpose: The purpose of this meeting is to introduce
the requirements of the Climate Risk and Vulnerability
Assessment (CRVA) and to prioritize and assess the
regional climate hazards, define the regional adaptive
capacity, and discuss vulnerable populations and
social equity.
Goals: To address gaps in the CRVA for the MARC
region and collect information on regional hazards and
adaptive capacity.
Agenda:
I. Climate Hazards
II. Regional Adaptive Capacity
III. Vulnerable Populations and Social Equity
Workshop 1 Agenda
Day 2
Climate Risk and
Vulnerability Assessment
3
Climate Risk and Vulnerability
Assessment
4
Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (CRVA)
Mandatory:
• Identification and description of previous major climate hazards and associated impacts.
• Identification of most significant climate hazards and description of associated risks, expected
future impacts, and the sectors, assets, and services most affected.
• Identification of factors that will most affect adaptive capacity and description of how each
factors supports or challenges it.
Recommended:
• Information on vulnerable population groups most affected by climate hazards.
5
Regional Boundary
MARC Region + Douglas County
6
Climate Hazards
The potential occurrence of a natural or human-induced physical event or trend or physical impact
that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, as well as damage and loss to property,
infrastructure, livelihoods, service provision, ecosystems, and environmental resources. The term
hazard usually refers to climate-related physical events or trends or their physical impacts.
GCoM Framework Requirements:
• Provide type of Climate Hazards
• Current and Future Risk Level of each hazard
• Intensity and Frequency of past/current hazards and expected change in Intensity and
Frequency for future hazards
• Description of Impacts experienced in the past (required only for past/current hazards) and list
of impacted sectors and the magnitude of impact for each sector (for both past/current and
future hazards)
Climate Leadership Workshop
MID-AMERICA REGIONAL COUNCILHAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
MITIGATION PLAN EVERY FIVE YEARS
LOCAL JURISDICTIONS –Cities, counties,
school districts, colleges, special districts
Mitigation planning is a process to:
‒ Identify hazards that pose risk
‒ Assess the potential impacts
‒ Develop goals, objectives, and actions
‒ Set priorities/ implement mitigation actions
BENEFITS OF ADOPTING A HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
Enables jurisdictions to assess their risks and vulnerabilities to natural (or man-made) hazards
Enables inter-departmental and inter-disciplinary discussions on hazards and possible mitigation measures
Allows for broad community input
Enables jurisdictions to seek FEMA grants
BENEFITS OF PARTICIPATING IN A MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL PLAN
Enables comprehensive approach to mitigate hazards that affect multiple jurisdictions
Receives planning support and shares resources
Avoids duplication of effort
Improves coordination/communication among local jurisdictions
2020 PRIORITIES - NATURAL HAZARDS FOR CONSIDERATION
Flood-Related Hazards‒River Flooding ‒Flash Flooding ‒Dam/Levee Failure
Severe Winter Weather
Tornadoes/Severe Thunderstorms
Drought/Extreme Temperatures
KC AREA CLIMATE PROJECTIONS
Source: Dan Walker, Ph.D. A.M. ASCE, Climate Moneys LLC, and Christopher Anderson, Ph.D., Iowa State University, www.climatelook.com
HEAT AND DROUGHTCASS COUNTY
2009-2019 DROUGHT REPORTS
2009-2019 DROUGHT IMPACTS
AGRICULTURAL, PLANTS AND WILDLIFE
79 21
BUSINESS & INDUSTRY
0 1
FIRE 11 1
WATER SUPPLY 7 3
OTHER 21 1010/8/2019
FLOODINGCASS COUNTY
FLOOD EVENTS (2014-
2019)
TYPE/CAUSE
8 events – Freeman, Avon (2), Harrisonville, Strasburg, Pleasant Hill (2), Belton
Flash Flood, Heavy Rain
2 events – Freeman, Pleasant Hill
Flood, Heavy Rain
10/8/2019
PROFILE UPDATE ONLINE TOOL
10/8/2019
GOALS & ACTIONS UPDATE ONLINE TOOL
10/8/2019
TYPES OF MITIGATION STRATEGIES
Public education and awareness
Local plans and regulations
Natural systems protection
Structures and infrastructure
MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER - TORNADOES
Promote the construction of safe rooms or shelters in
schools, child care centers or nursing homeshomes and mobile home parkspublic parks, particularly large sporting complexes
10/8/2019
MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER –SEVERE WIND
Protect power lines and infrastructure with tree pruning, anchor systems, bury power lines, install redundancy, etc.
Review wind hazards for your facilities to identify and address at-risk structures
Promote site and building design standards to minimize wind damage
Adopt and enforce high wind building codes
10/8/2019
MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER –SEVERE WINTER WEATHER
Adopt building codes to include roof snow loads and discourage flat roof construction
Lessen roadway impacts using snow fences to reduce blowing snow
Conduct winter weather risk awareness activities
Identify and assist vulnerable populations to remain in their homes or at heating centers10/8/2019
MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER –DROUGHT
Develop drought emergency plan to include criteria for drought-related actions and to inform the public
Monitor drought conditions and water supply and have plans to take actions as necessary
Consider mandatory water conservation measures during drought emergencies for non-essential uses
Improve water supply and delivery systems to save water
Encourage use of drought-tolerant landscape design
Educate residents on water saving techniques and farmers on conservation practices
10/8/2019
MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER –EXTREME TEMPERATURES
Reduce Urban Heat Island through tree and other vegetation plantings
Educate the public on impacts of extreme temperatures on public health
Assist vulnerable populations with heating or cooling centers, encourage utilities to provide assistance
Educate property owners about freezing pipes
10/8/2019
MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONSIDER -FLOODING
Incorporate flood mitigation into local planning
Limit or restrict development in flood prone areas
Adopt a stream buffer (or setback) ordinance
Establish a green infrastructure program to expand green spaces to absorb rain water
Improve stormwater management planning and adopt policies to reduce runoff
10/8/2019
HAZARD MEASURES TO CONSIDER – FLOOD (CONTINUED)
Participate in Community Rating System
Establish local funding for flood mitigation
Remove existing structures from flood hazard areas
Improve stormwater drainage system capacity
Protect infrastructure and critical facilities
Increase public awareness of flood risks10/8/2019
HAZARD MITIGATION WEBSITE
Website that will help participants understand the hazards, identify potential risks, assist with assessing impact and tracking goals and actions.
Hazard Mitigation Website
10/8/2019
26
Climate Hazards
• Floods
• Tornadoes
• Severe Thunderstorms
• Extreme Heat
• Drought
• Severe Winter Weather
27
Activity 1: Climate Hazards
• Break into groups
• Write 1-2 climate hazard(s) and brainstorm future impacts on different sectors, assets or services
• Report back to group
Extreme Heat
Public HealthIncrease in heat-related illness and
deaths with greatest impact on most
vulnerable populations.
High
28
Adaptive Capacity
The ability of systems, institutions, humans and other organisms to adjust to potential damage, to
take advantage of opportunities or to respond to consequences.
Adaptive capacity is an indication of the redundancy, flexibility, and robustness of an asset or group.
GCoM Framework Requirements:
• Selection of the adaptive capacity factors that are most relevant to the Region
• For each chosen factor, the degree in which the factor challenges the adaptive capacity of
the region. (Regions may also highlight factors that support the adaptive capacity of the region,
but the focus of this exercise is to identify areas in need of improvement)
29
Activity 2: Adaptive Capacity
• In same groups, select 5 adaptive capacity factors that are most relevant to the region
• Discuss how those factors challenge adaptive capacity
• Can be broad or related to specific climate hazard
• Report back to group
Political stability
Region C has observed that short political
terms and high turnover of committed
political leaders and skilled technical city
staff undermines long-term adaptation
plans.
High
30
31
Vulnerable Populations and Social Equity
Vulnerability is the propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected. Vulnerability encompasses
a variety of concepts and elements including sensitivity or susceptibility to harm and lack of
capacity to cope and adapt. When it comes to climate change, those populations that are most
exposed and most vulnerable tend to be those that are most disadvantaged, without the ability to
recover from climate events or prepare for future events.
GCoM Framework Requirements:
Reporting on vulnerable populations is not required by the GCoM Framework but is encouraged as
it sheds light on the adaptation needs for the Region.
32
MARC Regional Resilience Strategy (2017)
Resilience is intrinsically a triple bottom-line
concept, with an unblinking social equity lens.
Build on social equity work to date.
Incorporate into Climate Risk and Vulnerability
Assessment
• Who is most vulnerable?
• Where are vulnerable communities located?
• What are the specific risks and vulnerabilities
within these communities?
Build engagement & empowerment processes and
structures
33
Guiding Principle: EQUITY
Residents of all races, economic means and
abilities are welcome and equipped
to participate in all aspects of community life.
A region is most likely to be sustainable,
and nationally and globally competitive, if
all its residents are active participants in its
economy, community and public life.
34
Planning Sustainable Places
35
Other Equity Planning
• Hazard Mitigation Plans
• Environmental justice analysis
• Fair Housing Plans
• First Suburbs
• KC Communities for All Ages
• Water Quality Program
36
Purpose: The purpose of this meeting is to
introduce the GCoM project, facilitate the
development of the GHG inventory, and initiate the
business as usual projections for the region.
Goals: To gain feedback on data sources and
methodology for the GHG inventory and BAU
projections
Agenda:
I. GHG Inventory Overview
II. Business as Usual Overview
III. Stationary Energy Sector
IV. Transportation Sector
V. Other Sectors
VI. Next Steps
Workshop 1 Agenda
Day 2
GHG Inventory and
Business as Usual
Projections
37
GHG Inventory
38
GHG Inventory
A Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventory is
created to assess a region’s carbon footprint
and identify the areas of largest impact.
Creating a GHG inventory is the first step in
identifying mitigation targets and actions.
GHG inventories include a set of regional
emission factors, activity data across a
variety of sectors, and total GHG emissions
for the region.
39
GHG Inventory
Mandatory:
• GHG emissions from stationary energy, transportation, and waste sectors.
• GHG emissions from energy generation activities; not counted to GHG inventory total.
• Activity data and emissions factors for all sources, disaggregated by activity/fuel type.
Recommended:
• GHG emissions from industrial processes and product use (IPPU) and agriculture, forestry,
and other land use (AFOLU) sectors, where significant.
• Emissions trading schemes (ETS) and distributed renewable energy generation.
• Use of activity-based emissions factors.
Optional:
• GHG emissions from upstream activities (e.g., out-of-boundary sources).
• Emissions trading schemes (ETS) and distributed renewable energy generation.
40
GHG Emissions Sectors
Stationary
EnergyTransportation Waste
Industrial
Processes and
Product Use
Agriculture,
Forestry and
Other Land Use
Building and
facility energy
consumption
Manufacturing
facility using non-
grid energy sources
Equipment used for
industrial,
construction,
agriculture, and
other similar
activities
Fugitive emissions
from oil and natural
gas systems
On-road travel,
such as private
automobiles and
commercial trucks
and busses
Rail travel, including
both public and
commercial
transport
Air and water travel
within the regional
boundary
Solid waste
generated within the
regional boundary
that is disposed or
biologically treated
Solid waste
generated within the
regional boundary
that is incinerated
or burned
Wastewater
treatment within the
regional boundary
Industrial
processes that
chemically or
physically transform
materials
Product use by
industry and end-
consumers,
including
refrigerants and
aerosols
Fossil fuels for non-
energy uses,
including lubricants
and paraffin waxes
Livestock and
manure
management
Land use including
forest land,
cropland, grassland,
wetlands, and other
land uses
Other sources
including biomass
burning, rice
cultivation, and
fertilizer use
41
Direct vs. Indirect Emissions
Direct Emissions – emissions due to fuel combustion in buildings, equipment/facilities
and transportation sectors within the city boundary. These emissions physically occur
inside the city boundary.
Other Direct Emissions – emissions that are not related to fuel combustion, including:
fugitive emissions from disposal and treatment of waste (including wastewater) generated
within the city boundary, which may occur inside or outside the city boundary, and; fugitive
emissions from natural gas distribution systems (such as equipment or pipeline leaks).
Indirect Emissions – emissions due to consumption of grid-supplied energy (electricity,
heat or cold) within the geographic boundary. Depending on where energy is generated,
these emissions may physically occur inside or outside the city boundary.
42
Activity Data
Activity data is a quantitative measure of a level of activity that results in GHG emissions
taking place during the inventory year. Examples of activity data are:
• Amount of natural gas used for space heating in residential buildings, measured in
therms
• Distance traveled by private car journeys, measured in vehicle miles traveled (VMT)
• Amount of waste sent to landfill, measured in pounds (lb)
43
Emission Factor
Emission factors are coefficients which quantify the emissions associated with each unit
of activity, for example:
• Amount of CO2 emitted per liter of diesel combusted
• Amount of CH4 emitted per ton of waste sent to landfill
44
Global Warming Potential (GWP)
A metric for comparing the global warming impacts of different gases. The emissions
impact of a variety of gases are compared to the impact of Carbon Dioxide. The GWP of
typical greenhouse gases are presented below.
Greenhouse Gas GWP
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 1
Methane (CH4) 28 – 36
Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 265 – 298
45
Emission Calculations
GHG emissions for an activity are reported as carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) using
Global Warming Potential (GWP) values for individual gases.
Activity Data x Emission Factor x GWP = GHG Emissions (CO2e)
46
Business as Usual Projections
47
Business as Usual
Projections
A Business as Usual (BAU) projection
represents future events or conditions that
are likely to occur in the absence of climate
mitigation activities.
BAU scenarios consider current climate
mitigation activities and expected growth,
along with other factors, to forecast GHG
emissions.
48
BAU Projections
What factors affect BAU projections?
Growth in population and employment
can increase GHG emissions across all major sectors (stationary energy, transportation, and
waste).
Technological changes
such as new modes of transportation or methods of electricity generation.
Environmental policies and regulation
such as regional/local requirements for building energy efficiency and federal and/or state
emission standards
Business as usual projections is intended
to include normal projections of growth and
change in the region and may include
climate-related regulation and law that will
undoubtedly have an impact on emissions.
Business as planned projections may, in
addition to the BAU, include all local and
regional-scale climate actions and targets
that are planned for future years, whether
or not they are actually implemented within
the projected timeframe.
49
Business as Usual
vs. Business as
Planned
50
Methodology
51
1. Identify data sources
2. Select scale
3. Estimate emissions
4. Report and monitor
National Data
MARC
State Data
County Data
City Data
52
Stationary Energy Sector
• Buildings (Residential, Commercial, Institutional, Industrial)
• Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Activities
• Fugitive Emissions
53
Stationary Energy
54
Buildings and Facilities
GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed within the Regional Boundary.
Must separately account for Residential, Commercial, Institutional, and Industrial Buildings.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption in buildings
• Option 1: Utility reported billing data
• Option 2: Energy use intensity by building type and area
• Option 3: National Energy Consumption Data scaled down by population and local survey reports
• Option 4: Industry type and production volume
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project construction, demolition, and replacement of specific building types and
estimate associated energy consumption.
• Data Sources: Regional population and employment projections, historic building demolition rates,
building energy consumption benchmarks and projected emissions factors for grid electricity.
Mandatory
STATIONARY ENERGY
55
Gas
• Spire Energy
• Kansas Gas Service
• Atmos Energy
Electricity
• KCP&L
• IP&L
• Westar Energy
• KCBPU
• City of Gardner
Utility Data
Residential Non- Residential
Commercial
Institutional
Industrial
Stationary Energy
Emissions factors for grid electricity
change in response to generation sources
(e.g., coal-fired or natural gas power plants,
grid-scale solar power) and their utilization.
Current or baseline year emissions factors
may be used for BAU estimates and low
carbon scenarios, if projections are not
available.
56
What about
emissions factors for
grid electricity?
57
Net Electricity Generation
by Source
Missouri Kansas
Carbon Intensity = 68.1 kg/Btu Carbon Intensity = 54.5 kg/Btu
Source: Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly
58
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by off-road stationary
equipment within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption
• Option 1: Facility reported data from vehicles and machinery used for farming, forestry, fishing and
livestock activities (generators, heaters, etc.)
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project change in industrial productivity and estimate emissions based on current or
baseline year emissions production rate.
• Data Sources: Industry-based regional employment projections, regional GDP projections from
agriculture and forestry sector and projected emissions factors for grid electricity.
Mandatory
STATIONARY ENERGY
59
Fugitive Emissions
GHG emissions from the extraction, transformation, and transportation of coal, oil and natural gas
operations within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Intentional and unintentional emissions
• Option 1: Facility reported data from coal, oil and natural gas operations and leaks
• Option 2: Industry data reporting volume of coal, oil and natural gas extracted or processed
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Typically not addressed. Possible to link with change in certain industrial activities.
• Data Sources: Projected change in coal, oil and natural gas industries within the Regional Boundary.
Mandatory
STATIONARY ENERGY
Energy Generation vs. Stationary Energy
When reporting GHG emissions for GCoM
compliance, any energy generation that is
intended for district or regional-scale
distribution must be separated from the
Stationary Energy sector and reported as
“Energy Generation.”
Energy Generation emissions are not to be
included in the regional GHG emission total
as they are already reflected in the energy
consumption emissions.
60
What about Energy
Generation?
61
3. What method to use
to estimate emissions?
4. Who will report and
monitor?
2. What is the scale?1. What are the data
sources?
62
Transportation Sector
• On-Road Transportation
• Railways
• Water-Borne Navigation
• Aviation
• Off-Road Transportation
63
Transportation
64
On-Road Transportation
GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by passenger and freight
vehicles and public transit buses within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption
• Option 1: Regional Transportation Models providing in-boundary and transboundary trips by
vehicle miles traveled (preferably by vehicle type, mode and fuel type)
• Option 2: Fuel sales and vehicle ownership data within geographic boundary
• Option 3: Regional survey samples for household size, vehicle registration data and average
distance to destination
• Option 4 (for buses only): Fuel consumption and ridership data reported by bus transit agencies
• Option 5 (for buses only): Bus trip length and number of scheduled trips on weekdays and
weekends
Mandatory
TRANSPORTATION
Only emissions from journeys occurring inside the Regional Boundary are required
Passenger Vehicles
• Cars
• Taxis
• Motorbikes
65
On-Road Transportation
Freight Trucks
• Medium-Duty Trucks
• Heavy Duty Trucks
Public Transit
• Buses (including BRT)
• Street Cars
Source: Transportation Outlook 2040
66
On-Road Transportation
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project change in vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by transportation mode and estimate
associated fuel consumption.
• Data Sources: Regional population and/or land use projections, current or projected transportation
mode split, current or projected fuel consumption and projected emissions factors for grid
electricity.
TRANSPORTATION
67
Railways
GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by commuter and freight rail
within the Regional Boundary. Railway emissions should be disaggregated by municipal fleet, public
transport, and private/commercial transport.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption
• Option 1: Fuel consumption and ridership data reported by commuter rail and freight companies
• Option 2: Scale transportation statistics reporting emissions or fuel per rider or per freight ton
• Option 3: National fuel consumption data scaled down by population or number of rail miles
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Addressed where applicable. Estimate fuel consumption associated with change in
ridership.
• Data Sources: Projected ridership, current or projected fuel consumption and projected emissions
factors for grid electricity.
Mandatory
TRANSPORTATION
Only emissions from journeys occurring inside the Regional Boundary are required
GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by ships, ferries, and other
boats within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption
• Option 1: Fuel consumption data reported by ports
• Option 2: National maritime or port data scaled down by population or freight volume
• Option 3: Ferry trip length and number of scheduled trips on weekdays and weekends
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Typically not addressed.
• Data Sources: Projected water travel, freight volume, current or projected fuel consumption.
Mandatory, if significant
68
Water-Borne Navigation
TRANSPORTATION
Only emissions from journeys fully confined within the Regional
Boundary are required
69
Off-Road Transportation
GHG emissions from fossil fuels and grid-supplied electricity consumed by off-road vehicles and mobile
machinery or equipment within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption
• Option 1: Engine or permit surveys for off-road vehicles used for manufacturing, construction,
landscaping, and recreational purposes
• Option 2: National maritime or port data and airport data scaled down by population or GDP by
industry
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Typically not addressed. Possible to link with change in certain industrial activities.
• Data Sources: Regional GDP projections from Agriculture, Mining, Manufacturing, and Construction
industries.
Mandatory, if significant
TRANSPORTATION
GHG emissions from fossil fuels (aviation and jet fuel) and grid-supplied electricity consumed by
planes, helicopters, and other vertical takeoff and landing systems within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fuel and electricity consumption
• Option 1: Fuel consumption data reported by airports and local helicopter companies
• Option 2: National aviation data scaled down by population or GDP per capita
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Typically not addressed.
• Data Sources: Projected air travel, freight volume, current or projected fuel consumption.
Mandatory, if significant
70
Aviation
TRANSPORTATION
Only emissions from journeys fully confined within the Regional
Boundary are required
71
According to FAA-published data, the
eight-county Kansas City region has 96
aviation facilities, 68 airports and 28
heliports.
Emissions from fuel consumed by airports
and heliports reported under
Transportation.
Emissions from facilities and electricity
consumed at airports and heliports is
reported under Stationary Energy.
Source: Transportation Outlook 2040
72
3. What method to use
to estimate emissions?
4. Who will report and
monitor?
2. What is the scale?1. What are the data
sources?
73
Other Sectors
• Solid Waste Disposal
• Biological Treatment of Waste
• Waste Incineration
• Wastewater Treatment
74
Waste
75
Solid Waste Disposal
GHG emissions from organic waste volume disposed in landfills and open dumps within the Regional
Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Organic waste volume sent to landfills
• Option 1: Historic disposal tonnage and mass of organic waste sent to landfills in and outside the region
• Option 2: Organic waste quantity disposed in landfills in and outside the region
• Option 3: Surveys on waste generation and diversion rates with waste composition breakdown
• Option 4: Landfill reports stating waste in place tons, breakdown by region and landfill gas recovered
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project residential and commercial waste generation by amount landfilled.
• Data Sources: Per capita residential and commercial waste generation by waste type, current or
projected diversion rates.
Mandatory
WASTE
76
Biological Treatment of Waste
GHG emissions from organic waste volume diverted to composting and anaerobic digestion facilities
within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Organic waste volume diverted
• Option 1: Organic waste quantity (with breakdown composition) diverted from landfills to
composting and anaerobic digestion facilities in and outside the region
• Option 2: Facility reports stating waste treatment capacity, breakdown by region, and methane
volume recovered (anaerobic digestion facilities only)
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project residential and commercial waste generation by amount composted.
• Data Sources: Per capita residential and commercial waste generation by waste type, current or
projected diversion rates.
Mandatory
WASTE
77
Waste Incineration
GHG emissions from waste combusted in waste incinerators or through open burning within the
Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Waste volume incinerated or burned
• Option 1: Mass of waste (with composition breakdown) diverted from landfills to waste incineration
facilities in and outside the region
• Option 2: Facility reports stating waste incineration capacity and incinerator type, waste volume
breakdown by region, and methane volume recovered for energy production (if applicable)
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Addressed where applicable. Project increase in waste treated and estimate emissions
based on current or baseline year emissions production rate.
• Data Sources: Projected increase in waste incinerated or burned and emissions factor(s) for
applicable treatment processes.
Mandatory
WASTE
78
Wastewater Treatment
GHG emissions from wastewater treatment processes within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Wastewater volume
• Option 1: Organic content in wastewater and sludge removed during treatment and wastewater
volume handles in septic systems and wastewater treatment plants
• Option 2: Facility reports stating wastewater treatment capacity and treatment method, breakdown by
region, and methane volume recovered for energy production (if applicable)
• Option 3: National wastewater volume generation rates scaled down by population
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project increase in wastewater treated based on current or baseline year emissions
production rate.
• Data Sources: Per capita wastewater treated and associated emissions factor(s).
Mandatory
WASTE
• Livestock Management
• Land Use
• Other Sources
79
Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses (AFOLU)
80
Livestock Management
GHG emissions from livestock within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Livestock quantities and manure management
• Option 1: Surveys documenting number of animals by species, type of manure management system
used for storing and handling animal waste, and volume of biogas/methane recovered (if applicable)
• Option 2: National emissions data scaled down by annual industry output from livestock sector
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project growth in livestock volumes
• Data Sources: Regional GDP growth or revenue projections from livestock industry
Recommended, if significant
AFOLU
81
Land Use
GHG emissions from land uses such as forest land, cropland, grassland, wetlands, settlements, and
other land uses within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Land use data
• Option 1: Regional reports/surveys documenting historic land use type of land area or tree canopy
area and net change in carbon stock
• Option 2: Spatial datasets documenting land use type and area by year
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project forest land area based on historic reforestation or deforestation rates
• Data Sources: Regional land use data
Recommended, if significant
AFOLU
28% 16% 2%Agriculture Natural Forest Urban Forest
Ecological Land Cover in Kansas City Region
Land cover is dominated by the deciduous woodlands & forests,
grasslands, and agricultural land
82
Source: Ecological Land Cover Classification for a Natural Resources Inventory in the Kansas City Region, USA
83
Other Sources
GHG emissions from biomass burning, fertilization, rice cultivation, and harvested wood products within
the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Biomass Burning
• Option 1: Area of land (by crop type or forest type) burnt in the reporting year
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fertilization
• Option 1: Survey of fertilizer type and amount applied to cropland and rangeland (including type of
manure management systems used)
• Option 2: Fertilizer sales data for the reporting year
• Option 3: National emissions data scaled down by cropland area or industry output from agriculture
sector
Recommended, if significant
AFOLU
84
Other Sources
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Harvested Wood Products
• Option 1: Regional reports/surveys documenting forest land area (by type) harvested for fuel or wood
products
• Option 2: National emissions data scaled down by area of forest land harvested for fuel or wood
products; or industry output from forestry sector
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project land use changes as it relates to forest land, biomass burning, and fertilization
• Data Sources: Regional GDP growth or revenue projections from agriculture industry
AFOLU
• Industrial Processes
• Product Use
85
Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU)
86
Industrial Processes
GHG emissions from non-energy related industrial processes within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: mineral and chemical industries output and consumption
• Option 1: Activity data from owners and operators of industrial facilities
• Option 2: Specific production data within Regional Boundary from national inventory compiler
Data Needs and Potential Sources: metal industry output and consumption
• Option 1: Activity data from owners and operators of industrial facilities
• Option 3: Production data from governmental agencies responsible for manufacturing statistics or
business or industry trade associations
IPPU
Recommended, if significant
87
Industrial Processes
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project change in industrial productivity and estimate emissions based on current or baseline
year emissions production rate.
• Data Sources: Industry-based regional employment projections or regional GDP projections from
industrial sectors.
IPPU
88
Product Use
GHG emissions from products used by industry and end-consumers within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Level:
Data Needs and Potential Sources: non-energy product emissions
• Option 1: Basic production, import, and export data on non-energy products used in the country
Data Needs and Potential Sources: Fluorinated gases used for manufacturing electronic substrates
• Option 1: Fluorinated gases consumption and control technology used in electronics industry
• Option 2: Silicon consumption for electronics manufacturing
Data Needs and Potential Sources: substitutes for ozone-depleting substances (ODS)
• Option 1: Facility reports stating domestic and imported quantity of ODS substitute chemicals
IPPU
Recommended, if significant
89
Product Use
BAU Methodology
• Approach: Project change in industry and end-consumer use of non-energy fossil fuels and ODS
substitutes and change in quantity of electronics substrates processed per year.
• Data Sources: Regional population projections, industry-based regional employment projections,
and regional GDP projections from industrial sectors.
IPPU
90
Next Steps
• Identify data gaps
• Identify data sources
• Finalize GHG emissions inventory methodology
• Estimate BAU projections
91
Next Steps
92
Thank you
93
Appendix: Reporting
Requirements
94
Inventory CategoriesReporting
LevelDescription
Residential Buildings/Facilities Mandatory
GHG emissions from fossil fuels and
grid-supplied electricity consumed within
the Regional Boundary.
Commercial Buildings/Facilities Mandatory
Institutional Buildings/Facilities Mandatory
Industry Mandatory
Agriculture Mandatory
Fugitive Emissions Mandatory Within the Regional Boundary.
Reporting Requirements: Stationary Energy
STATIONARY ENERGY
95
Reporting Requirements: Energy Generation
STATIONARY ENERGY
Inventory CategoriesReporting
LevelDescription
Electricity-Only Mandatory
Required for all sources within the
Regional Boundary or from facilities
owned by local governments within the
region.
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Mandatory
Heating/Cooling Generation Mandatory
Local Renewable Energy Optional
96
Inventory CategoriesReporting
LevelDescription
On-Road Mandatory Should be disaggregated by municipal
fleet, public, and private and commercial
transport.Rail Mandatory
Waterborne Navigation Mandatory
May be excluded where not occurring
and/or not significant.Aviation Mandatory
Off-Road Mandatory
Reporting Requirements: Transportation
TRANSPORTATION
97
Inventory CategoriesReporting
LevelDescription
Solid Waste MandatoryMay be excluded where not occurring
and/or not significant.
GHG Emissions from waste used for
energy generation should be reported
under Energy Generation.
Biological Waste Mandatory
Incinerated and Burned Waste Mandatory
Wastewater Mandatory
Reporting Requirements: Waste
WASTE
98
Appendix: BAU Methodology
99
Categories Approach Data Sources
Buildings and Facilities Project construction, demolition,
and replacement of specific
building types and estimate
associated energy consumption.
Regional population and employment projections,
historic building demolition rates, building energy
consumption benchmarks. Projected emissions
factors for grid electricity.
Industrial Processes
and Equipment
Project change in industrial
productivity and estimate
emissions based on current or
baseline year emissions
production rate.
Industry-based regional employment projections,
regional GDP projections. Projected emissions
factors for grid electricity.
Fugitive Emissions Typically not addressed. Possible
to link with change in certain
industrial activities.
Projected change in oil and gas industries,
chemical industries, and wastewater treatment
activities within the Regional Boundary.
BAU Methodology: Stationary Energy
STATIONARY ENERGY
100
Categories Approach Data Sources
On-Road Travel Project change in vehicle miles
traveled (VMT) by transportation
mode and estimate associated
fuel consumption.
Regional population and/or land use projections,
current or projected transportation mode split,
current or projected fuel consumption. Projected
emissions factors for grid electricity.
Rail Travel Addressed where applicable.
Estimate fuel consumption
associated with change in
ridership.
Projected ridership, current or projected fuel
consumption. Projected emissions factors for grid
electricity.
Air and Water Travel Typically not addressed. Projected air or water travel, freight volume, current
or projected fuel consumption.
BAU Methodology: Transportation
TRANSPORTATION
101
Waste Approach Data Sources
Solid Waste Project residential and commercial
waste generation by amount landfilled,
recycled, composed, and incinerated or
burned.
Per capita residential and commercial waste
generation by waste type, current or
projected diversion rates.
Incinerated and
Burned Waste
Addressed where applicable. Project
increase in waste treated and estimate
emissions based on current or baseline
year emissions production rate.
Projected increase in waste incinerated or
burned. Emissions factor(s) for applicable
treatment processes.
Wastewater Treatment Project increase in wastewater treated
based on current or baseline year
emissions production rate.
Per capita wastewater treated and
associated emissions factor(s).
BAU Methodology: Waste
WASTE