Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Yield and nutritive value of legume residues: Effects of genotypes/harvesting stage

Mesfin Dejene ILRI-PhD student,

The University of Queensland, Australia.

ILRI-N2Africa Annual Planning & Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Validation Workshop

21-23 January 2015ILRI Campus, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Laboratory quality and yield related traits of some grain legume genotypes, Ethiopia

Outline Grain legumes tested during 2013/14: Quality traits

Common bean: 9 genotypes Chickpea: 9 genotypes Faba bean: 9 genotypes & Soybean: 6 genotypes with three replications

Grain legumes tested during 2014/15: Yield traits

4 Kabuli type chickpea genotypes 4 Dessi type chickpea genotypes & 3 Faba bean genotypes with 4 replications

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Husk N_MinHusk N_MaxStraw N_MinStraw N_Max

Grain legume genotypes

Tota

l nit

roge

n (N

), %

Range in total nitrogen (N) concentration (%) of CRs

of some grain legume genotypes in Ethiopia during 2013/14

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Husk DMD_Min

Husk DMD_Max

Straw DMD_Min

Straw DMD_Max

Grain Legume genotypes

Dry

ma

tte

r d

ige

sti

bil

ity

(D

MD

), %

Range in Dry matter digestibility (DMD), % of CRs of

some grain legume genotypes in Ethiopia during 2013/14

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Effect of genotypes on yield related traits of chickpea: Kabuli and Dessi type

Dessi type Kabuli type

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Effect of genotypes on yield related traits of chickpea: 1. Kabuli type

Leaf Y

ield

Stem

yie

ld

Husk y

ield

Seed yie

ld

Whole

pla

nt Yie

ld

Whole

Stra

w Yie

ld

Leaf:Ste

m, %

100 s

eed wt,

g0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

DZ-2012-ck-0002

Habru

Ejere

Arerti

Min

Max

Range in seed and residue yield (g/plant) of selected chickpea genotypes (KABULI) in Ethiopia during 2014/15

Yiel

d (g

/pla

nt),

L:S

ratio

(%) &

100

see

d W

t (g)

Yield related traits

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Le

af

Yie

ld

Ste

m y

ield

Hu

sk

yie

ld

Se

ed

yie

ld

Wh

op

lan

t...

Wh

ole

St.

..

Le

af:

Ste

...

10

0 s

ee

d...

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

DZ-2012-ck-0031

Dalota

Minjar

Natoli

Min

Max

Range in seed and residue yield (g/plant) of selected chick-pea genotypes (DESSI) in Ethiopia during 2014/15

Yie

ld (

g/p

lan

t),

L:S

rat

io (

%)

& 1

00 s

eed

Wt

(g)

Effect of genotypes on yield related traits of chickpea: 2. Dessi type

Yield related traits

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Effect of harvesting stages on yield related traits of chick pea genotypes

Harvesting at green stage

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Effect of harvesting stages on yield related traits of Kabuli type chick pea genotypes

Leaf Yield Stem yield Husk yield Seed yield WholepltYldWholeStYld L:S, % 100seed wt, g0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

Green Veg

95 % maturity

After maturity

Yield related traits

Yiel

d (g

/pla

nt),

L:S

ratio

(%) &

100

seed

Wt (

g)

Seed and residue yield (g/plant) of selected chickpea genotypes (KABULI) in Ethiopia during 2014/15 : Effect of harvesting stages

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Effect of harvesting stages on yield related traits of Dessi type chick pea genotypes

Leaf Yield Stem yield Husk yield Seed yield WholepltYldWholeStYld L:S, % 100seed wt, g0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

Green Veg

95 % maturity

After maturity

Seed and residue yield (g/plant) of selected chickpea genotypes (DESSI) in Ethiopia during 2014/15 : Effect of harvesting stages

Yie

ld (

g/p

lan

t),

L:S

ra

tio

(%

) &

10

0 s

ee

d W

t (g

)

Yield related traits

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Results and implications

There were substantial ranges in laboratory quality and yield related traits between botanical fractions of legume residues and among genotypes.

The preliminary result implies there is considerable potential to increase feed N supply through choice of legume variety and appropriate harvesting stage in crop-livestock systems of Ethiopia.

Optimum utilization of whole plant value needs to be considered

Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa

Thank you