PV system:

Literature Review:

PV modules generate electricity, but the electrical output is

only one component of the total energy produced by

photovoltaic array. A typical photovoltaic (PV) module has

ideal conversion efficiency in the range of 15%. The

remaining energy produced is heat, which is neither

captured nor utilized. This heat increases the operating

temperature of the PVmodules, which actually decreases

their overall performance.

The cell output is highest when the sunbeams fall

perpendicular on the solar cell.

The light energy that falls on a surface over a period of time

is called insolation.

Typical mean daily insolations in developing countries are

4.5.5 kWh/m2.

 Load:    

10KW Solar system design load

Name of electrical load

Specification Power QtyWorking

hourPower

consumption

Light Energy-saving lamps

10W 4 6 240Wh

Computer LCD 300W 1 6 1800Wh

Printer laser 250W 1 6 1500Wh

Fan   120W 1 6 900Wh

X-ray Machine   3.5KW 1 6 21Wh

Total   680W     4440Wh

10KW Solar System Configuration

Product name Total capacity Mode Capacity Qty

 

Solar panel 6720WP PMS210W 210W 32

Battery 400AH/220V GP200 200/12V 32

Charing Controller

40A/220V PC802220 8000W/220V 1

Inverter 10KW PN103220D 10000W/220V 1

Table: this shows the calculations according to the requirement.

The amount of solar energy is so huge that in one year it is about twice as much

as will ever be obtained from all of the earth's non-renewable resources of coal,

oil and natural gas. Pakistan lies in an area of the highest solar insolation in the

world. The mean global irradiation falling on a horizontal surface in Pakistan is

about 200-250 watts per square meter of area in a day with almost all parts of

the country having more than 300 sunshine days in a year. The vast potential

can be exploited to produce electricity which can be provided to off-grid

communities in the northern hilly areas and the southern and western deserts.

The provinces of Sindh and Baluchistan and the Thar desert are especially

suited for the utilization of solar energy.

 

Maximum power at STCPmax                   50W

Optimum operating voltageVmp                 17.2V

Optimum operating currentImp                  2.91A

Open-circuit voltageVoc                        21.6V

Short-circuit currentIsc                         3.23A

Short-circuit current temperature coefficient      0.065±0.015%/

Open-circuit voltage temperature coefficient       -80±10mV/

Peak power temperature coefficient              -0.5±0.05%/

NOCT (Air 20; Sun 0.8kW/m wind 1m/s)            47±2

Operating temperature                          -40 to 85

Maximum system voltage                          600V DC

Power tolerance                                     ±3%