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'Quadruple Helix' DNA in Human Cells Discovered and A Relative from the Tianyuan Cave: 40.000
Living Years Ago Humans Likely Related to Present-
Day Many Asians and Native Americans
Cristian Calle MenesesMedicine Student
I I I Semester Teacher:
Lina María Martínez SánchezMolecular Biology
ABSTRACT
Today, molecular biology has taken a
lot of strength in the field of research
especially in the field of DNA, being this
a constant theme in all scientific
communities.
DNA has been used for the solution and
understanding of many diseases, as
this is the carrier of genetic information
therefore speak of its structure and its
relation to the other components is
vital and an excellent mechanism to
find new alternatives that reveal a
benefit for people.
Scientific development has shown that
DNA can be a source of information for
morphological comparisons that can
show similarities between human
beings of the past and today. Thus
proving that DNA is the starting point
for the deep understanding of the
human being.
'Quadruple Helix' DNA in Human
Cells Discovered
A group of researchers from the
University of Cambridge's
Department of Chemistry
showed that the four-stranded
"Quadruple Helix" are also
found in the human genome,
especially in the regions of DNA
rich in guanine, was a study
that lasted more than 10 years
in which they worked with
computer models where cancer
cells were identified using
fluorescent biomarkers.
'Quadruple Helix' DNA in Human
Cells Discovered
They also identified that the
concentrations of the four chains
Quadruple have a relationship with DNA
replication. By targeting quadruplexes
with synthetic molecules that trap and
contain these DNA structures they
could prevent replication and at the
same time blocking cell division,
becoming this as a possible solution to
the cancer that is most likely already in
rapidly dividing cells such as those of
this disease.
'Quadruple Helix' DNA in Human
Cells Discovered
Cancers are usually driven by genes called oncogenes that have mutated to increase DNA replication -- causing cell proliferation to spiral out of control, and leading to tumour growth.
The increased DNA replication rate in oncogenes leads to an intensity in the quadruplex structures.
This means that potentially damaging cellular activity can be targeted with synthetic molecules or other forms of treatments.
'Quadruple Helix' DNA in Human
Cells DiscoveredPhysical studies over the last couple of decades had shown that quadruplex DNA can form in vitro -- in the 'test tube', but the structure was considered to be a curiosity rather than a feature found in nature. The researchers now know for the first time that they actually form in the DNA of human cells.
'Quadruple Helix' DNA in Human
Cells Discovered
Personal opinionIt's really amazing how the DNA is
still the basis for many explanations of human functioning, becoming a therapeutic method for a disease as complex as cancer. Although the "Quadruple Helix" still is not really the solution to this disease, is a major step at scientific and medical.
A Relative from the Tianyuan Cave: 40.000 Living Years Ago Humans Likely Related to Present-Day Many Asians and Native Americans An international team of researchers of
the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany extracted nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of the leg of a corpse from 40,000 years that was found in Tianyuan Cave in Beijing, China in 2003, where they found a home common with present-day Asians and Native Americans.
Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of
the leg of a corpse
A Relative from the Tianyuan Cave:
40.000 Living Years Ago Humans
Likely Related to Present-Day Many
Asians and Native Americans
For Their study using the new techniques researchers were that can identify ancient genetic material from an archaeological find even when large quantities of DNA from soil bacteria are present.
A Relative from the Tianyuan Cave:
40.000 Living Years Ago Humans
Likely Related to Present-Day Many
Asians and Native Americans
Then they reconstructed a genetic profile of the leg´s owner and saw that had similar characteristics to the genetic profile of the Neanderthals, checking that by DNA is an important method for comparing morphological aspects.
Characteristics given by DNA
A Relative from the Tianyuan Cave:
40.000 Living Years Ago Humans
Likely Related to Present-Day Many
Asians and Native Americans
. "More analyses of additional early modern humans across Eurasia will further refine our understanding of when and how modern humans spread across Europe and Asia," says Svante Pääbo.Parts of the work were carried out in a new laboratory jointly run by the Max Planck Society and the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing.
A Relative from the Tianyuan Cave:
40.000 Living Years Ago Humans
Likely Related to Present-Day Many
Asians and Native Americans
Personal opinionIt is very interesting to see how the
DNA can be recovered after long periods of time to make morphological comparisons between living bodies and corpse. Also the scientific breakthrough regarding techniques to eliminate external agents allowing the study of DNA.
Medical utility
It is important for medicine because there is not found a cure for cancer and this discovery (Quadruple Helix) could be a great solution.
?
Medical utility
It is very interesting the Quadruple Helix by new insights into the structure and function of DNA.
Medical utility
For medicine is quite useful to find DNA after long periods of time in the corpse that are studied in many universities.
Medical utility
Being able to compare the genetic profile of people of different ages could give many details of the functioning of the body with respect to past habits
BIBLIOGRAPHY
· Martínez S, Lina María. Biología Molecular. 5 ed. Medellín: UPB. Fac Medicina.
· Quadruple Helix' DNA in Human Cells Discovered. Science Daily, January 20, 2013.
· A Relative from the Tianyuan Cave: 40.000 Living Years Ago Humans Likely Related to Present-Day Many Asians and Native Americans, January 20, 2013.