Quick Update on the ESA “Climate Change Initiative” (CCI)

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Quick Update on the ESA “Climate Change Initiative”

(CCI)

PP Mathieu, ESA EO Science & Exploitation

WOAP – Hamburg – 29-31 March 2010

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CCI Rationale & Objective

The objective of Climate Change Initiative is to realize the full potential of the long-term global Earth Observation archives that ESA together with its Member states have established over the last thirty years, as a significant and timely contribution to the ECV databases required by UNFCCC.

It will ensure that full capital is derived from ongoing and planned ESA missions for climate purposes, including ERS, Envisat, the Earth Explorer missions, relevant ESA-managed archives of Third-Party Mission data and, in due course, the GMES Space Component.

CCI Programme following Ministerial Council in 2008,

about 75MEUR over 6 years for about 20 ECVs

Starting NOW

Page 3 10/2003 - 51

Metop-A2006

Meteosat1977

ERS 11991

ERS 21995

ENVISAT2002

MSG-12002

Family of Sentinels

2011+

Expanding European EO Capabilities

GOCEMar 2009

EarthCAREADM-AeolusSMOSNov 2009

CRYOSAT 2Apr 2010

SWARM

Earth Explorers

Earth Watch Missions

Met Missions operated by EUMETSAT

MSG+MTG

Post-EPS

EE7

USER Driven OPERATIONALGMES Space Component-Sentinel 1 (SAR)-Sentinel 2 (Multispectral Img)-Sentinel 3 (Glob Ocean / Land)-Sentinel 4 (Chemistry geo)-Sentinel 5 (Chemistry polar)

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GOCE – Gravity field & steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer

GOCE Main Objectives

global ocean circulation and transfer of heat

+ physics of the Earth’s interior

+ sea level records, ice sheets and sea level change

… to a global picture of the GEOID of unprecedented accuracy

The Missing Link ..

From Observed gravity gradients (e.g. Uxx)

from 260+km altitude

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SMOS – Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity

From Brightness Temperature …………

to Soil Moisture (50km) & SSS (0.1psu, 200km) ….

•Remote•Sensing•Laboratory

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya

NRT exploitationby Met offices(e.g.Assimilation @ ECMWF)

Watch outRFI! In L-band

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CCI Scope: Satellite-based ECVs

Domain Essential Climate Variables

Atmospheric (over land sea and ice)

Surface: Air temperature, Precipitation, Air pressure, Surface radiation

budget, Wind speed and direction, Water vapour.

Upper-air:

Earth radiation budget (including solar irradiances), Upper-air

temperature (including MSU radiances), Wind speed and

direction, Water vapour, Cloud properties.

Composition:Carbon dioxide, Methane, Ozone, Other Long-Lived greenhouse

gases, Aerosol properties.

Oceanic

Surface:

Sea-surface temperature, Sea-surface salinity, Sea-level, Sea

state, Sea ice, Current, Ocean colour (for biological activity),

Carbon dioxide partial pressure.

Sub-surface:Temperature, Salinity, Current, Nutrients, Carbon, Ocean tracers,

Phytoplankton.

Terrestrial

River discharge, Water use, Ground water, Lake levels, Snow cover, Glaciers

and ice caps, Permafrost and seasonally-frozen ground, Albedo, Land Cover

(including vegetation type), Fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active

Radiation (fAPAR), Leaf area index (LAI), Biomass, Fire disturbance.

Soil moisture.

GCOS – 107 Systematic Observation Requirements for Satellite-Based Product for Climate Page 81

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CCI Scope: Satellite-based ECVs

Domain Essential Climate Variables

Atmospheric (over land sea and ice)

Surface: Air temperature, Precipitation, Air pressure, Surface radiation

budget, Wind speed and direction, Water vapour.

Upper-air:

Earth radiation budget (including solar irradiances), Upper-air

temperature (including MSU radiances), Wind speed and

direction, Water vapour, Cloud properties.

Composition:Carbon dioxide, Methane, Ozone, Other Long-Lived greenhouse

gases, Aerosol properties.

Oceanic

Surface:

Sea-surface temperature, Sea-surface salinity, Sea-level, Sea

state, Sea ice, Current, Ocean colour (for biological activity),

Carbon dioxide partial pressure.

Sub-surface:Temperature, Salinity, Current, Nutrients, Carbon, Ocean tracers,

Phytoplankton.

Terrestrial

River discharge, Water use, Ground water, Lake levels, Snow cover, Glaciers

and ice caps, Permafrost and seasonally-frozen ground, Albedo, Land Cover

(including vegetation type), Fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active

Radiation (fAPAR), Leaf area index (LAI), Biomass, Fire disturbance.

Soil moisture.

GCOS – 107 Systematic Observation Requirements for Satellite-Based Product for Climate Page 81

Difficult Selectionof sub-set of 11 ECVs(first step)! …

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Education & Awareness“Show”

ECV assessment

“Exploit”

Re-processing ex archive (e.g. calibration)

Re-processing ex archive (e.g. calibration)

ECV generation(e.g. validation & bias)

Feedback Loop

Long Term Archiving ProgrammesMulti-mission infrastructure

International Climate ProgrammesEC & MS R&D Programmes

IPCC Process, UNFCCC

INPUT FROM

OUTPUT TO

“Deliver”

“Gather”

CCI Steps: Value Chain & Feedback Loop

DATA

ALGO

IMPACTFOR USER(e.g. evaluation models)

SCIENCE!

ERS-1 ERS-2 Envisat (2002) Earth Explorer Sentinels Eumetsat

ECV

Radar A

ltimeter

AT

SR

-1

SA

R W

ave Mode

SA

R Im

age Mode

Scatterom

eter

Radar A

ltimeter

AT

SR

-2

SA

R W

ave Mode

SA

R Im

age Mode

Scatterom

eter

Gom

e

Radar A

ltimeter

AA

TS

R

Meris

AS

AR

Wave M

ode

AS

AR

Image M

ode

Sciam

achy

MIP

AS

GO

MO

S

GO

CE

(2008)

SM

OS

(2009)

Cryosat (2009)

AD

M / A

eolus (2009)

EarthC

Are (2012)

Sentinel 1 (2012)

Sentinel 2 (2012)

Sentinel 3 (2012)

Sentinel 4

Sentinel 5

MS

G (2002)

GO

ME

-2 (2006)

IAS

I (2006)

Ascatt (2006)

TO

PE

X / Jason (1991)

SP

OT

/ VG

T (1998)

SP

OT

/ HR

V (1986)

Landsat (1977)

AV

HR

R (1981)

DM

SP

– SS

MI (1987)

MO

DIS

(1999)

SeaW

IFS

(1997)

Geosat F

ollow-on (1998)

OM

I (2004)

TO

MS

(1978)

Aquarius(2010)

Radarsat (1995)

JER

S / A

LOS

(1991 / 2006)

Other M

issions

count

OC

EA

N

O.2 Sea Level ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 8

O.3 SST ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 7

O.4 Ocean Colour ● ● ● ● 4

O.5 Sea State ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 12

O.6 Ocean Salinity ● ● ● 3

O.1 Sea Ice Concentration ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 7

LA

ND

T.1 Lakes ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 21

T.2 Glacier & Ice Caps ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 12

T.5 Land Cover ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 11

T.6 faPAR ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 8

T.7 LAI ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 8

T.8 Biomass ● ● ● ● ● ● 6

T.9 Burned Area & Burning Fire ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 10

T.10 Soil Moisture (Research) ● ● ● ● ● ● 6

T.3 Snow Area ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 16

T.4 Albedo ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 9

AT

MO

SP

HE

RE

A.4 Cloud Properties ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 13

A.7 O3 Total and Column ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 8

A.8 Aerosol OD & other props ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 17

A.9 GHGs Distributions ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 7

A.10 Upper Air Winds ● 1

4 5 1 5 2 4 10 1 5 2 3 4 1010 1 6 4 4 2 4 2 3 3 2 6 2 13 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 6 2 2 8 2 10 7 2 1 2 1 4 4 7

ESA missions data => FCDRs => ECVs FCDR of each ECV requires data from several sensors

Data from each sensor contributes to FCDR of several ECVs

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CCI Precursor: GLOB projects

Link with users (e.g. IGBP, Convention, Scientific Community,..)

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The time Dimension - “baseline” data requirement per ECV

Issue of continuity, consistency [jump], stability! …

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Some Elements of the CCI Programme

Guidance: CSAB (Climate Scientific Advisory Board)

Production - 11 ECV Contracts - Call for Tender for Phase 1 [USER Consultation, Prototype Syst] (now closed) to prepared for Phase 2 (yr 4-5-6) [OPERATIONAL SYST]

• Consortium including Science Leader, Project Manager, EO expert, System Engineering, User - Specialised Climate Research Groups.

• Tasks including, user consultation, algo development [retrieval, merging], validation, round-robin comparison, system prototyping, error characterisation (from sensor to parameters), user assessment

Integration: Need expressed (e.g. ESAC, CSAB) + Value element of feedback.

CMUG contract (Climate Modelling User Group) [Met Office, ECMWF, MPI-M, MeteoFR] to place a climate system perspective at the centre of the CCI programme, and to provide a dedicated forum through which the EO Data Community and Climate Modelling Community can work closely together.

ESA Climate Office in Harwell (Technical role, e.g. Management of some ECVs +

Scientific Data Visu Tools [Exploitation], Interface Role, e.g. with EC, Int Coop)

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Specialized “EO data communities”ECV 1

ECV 2

ECV 3

Specialized climate research groups

International EO community

(CEOS)

Internationalclimate

modelling community

Where we want to go…

global satellite data products for

climate research

An observing system to challenge, calibrate and verify Global Climate Models

ClimateModelling

UsersGroup

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Specialised Clim Research

Group1


Group2

Climate Modelling Community


Group11

GCOSUser

Communities

• Clim Res. Data Package• Cal / Val Data• Climatology• ATBD

CCI ProjectECV 1

CCI ProjectECV 2

CCI ProjectECV 11

CMUGForum

ESA CEOS agencies Reanalysis In-SituLevel x

Climate Models Assimilation,

Data toolboxes

Algo +Fusion tech

FEEDBACK

PRODUCTION INTEGRATION

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

ESA programme links with CEOS, SCOPE-CM, EU FP7, EUMETSAT, NASA, EEA…

PARTNERSHIP

Tools (e.g. algorithms, models)

Data Stream (e.g. FCDR, ECV, Level 1b)

Information (e.g. Requirements, Feedback)

CCI Climate Data Base

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Multi-type Obs (sensor, geophysical)

Space, time

Ancillary Obs data (e.g. climatology, in-situ)

Multi-ECVs

Model Data(e.g reanalysis)

Towards Enhanced Scrutiny ..

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Multi-type Obs (sensor, geophysical)

Space, time

Ancillary Obs data (e.g. climatology, in-situ)

Multi-ECVs

Model Data(e.g reanalysis)

ToolsVisualisation, Statistics, Mining Tech

Towards Enhanced Scrutiny ..

Describe (e.g. trends, variability) + Documents!Understand (e.g. error, consistency)Detect (e.g. Quality flag)

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CONCLUDING REMARKS

• [Periodic] Re-processing Data Set [monitoring]

e.g. Enhanced Scrutiny, Error Bar

• “Optimize” Observation

e.g. Foster exploitation, model evaluation [CMIP5]

• Engage with User Community

e.g. Dialogue with WOAP – Main Focal Point

• Invitation to CCI Session @ EGU [6 May 2010 15:30-16:15]

organised by CMUG to gather requirements from Climate

Modelling Community• http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2010/session/3695

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