QUIETLY…..

What is the difference between a “Major” appliance & a “Small” appliance?

Write down your thoughts & we shall find out the answers shortly!

Food SafetySeguridad Alimentaria

TL008

Know your EquipmentConozca su

equipo

Objectives - objetivo

Explain how to use and care for major kitchen appliances.

Use portable appliances in the foods lab.

Identify various types of kitchen utensils and explain their uses.

Explicar cómo usar y cuidar de las principales aplicaciones de la cocina.

Utilizar aparatos portátiles en el laboratorio de alimentos.

Identificar los distintos tipos de utensilios de cocina y explicar sus usos.

Major Appliances

Major appliances are the most costly kitchen tools

They are used for storage, cooking, and cleanup

Electrodomésticos son las herramientas de cocina más costosos

Se utilizan para el almacenamiento, la cocina y la limpieza

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The Refrigerator - el Frigorífico Keeps food cold to retard food

spoilage

Temperature inside should be 35°F to 40°F

Do not open door unnecessarily

Try not to overcrowd

Mantiene la comida fría para retardar la descomposición de los alimentos

En el interior de la temperatura debe ser de 35 ° F a 40 ° F

No abra la puerta innecesariamente

Trate de no saturar

© Filipe B. Varela/Shutterstock

The Range - el Range

Basic meal preparation appliance Most have four surface units, an oven, and a

broiler Comida básica de preparación aparato La mayoría cuenta con cuatro unidades de

superficie, un horno y una parrilla

© Jami Garrison/Shutterstock

The Microwave Oven - El horno de microondas

Microwave ovens cook using microwaves, or high-frequency energy waves

Hornos microondas cocinar con microondas y ondas de energía de alta frecuencia

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The Microwave Oven - El horno de microondas

Microwaves create heat by causing food molecules to vibrate rapidly and creates friction – Microondas haciendo que las moléculas de alimentos a vibrar rápidamente para crear calor y friccionesSaves time & energy - Ahorra tiempo y energía

Use and care Uso y cuidadoFollow mfg.’s cooking guidelines -Siga MFG. De directrices de cocinaDo not turn on an empty microwave oven - No encienda un horno microondas vacíoAvoid metal utensils; use microwave-safe paper, glass, and plastic - Evite utensilios de metal; utilizar para microondas de papel, vidrio y plásticoKeep interior clean - Mantenga limpio el interior

The Cleanup Appliances - Los aparatos de limpieza

Aid in making cleanup quick and easy Ayuda en hacer una limpieza rápida y fácil

Dishwashers - lavavajillas Food waste disposers - Los trituradores

de desperdicios de comida Trash compactors - compactadores de

basura

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Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Think Further - Piense más

Ask your parents what factors they considered when buying appliances for your home.

Pídeles a tus padres Qué factores consideran al comprar electrodomésticos para su hogar.

© Photoroller/Shutterstock

Kitchen Utensils - Utensilios de cocina

A kitchen utensil is a handheld kitchen tool used for.. Un utensilio de cocina es un utensilio de cocina de

mano utilizada para.. Measuring - medición Cutting - corte Mixing - mezclando Cooking - cocina Baking - cocción

Read and follow instructions - Lea y siga las instrucciones

Measuring Utensils - Utensilios de medición

Measuring utensils help you correctly measure recipe ingredients

Ayuda de utensilios de medición correctamente medir ingredientes de la receta

Dry measuring cups measure dry ingredients, shortening, and chopped foods

Tazas medidoras secos medir ingredientes secos, manteca y los alimentos picados

Liquid measuring cups measure ingredients such as water, milk, oil, and syrup

Tazas medidoras líquidos medir ingredientes tales como agua, leche, aceite y jarabe

Measuring spoons measure small amounts of liquid, dry, and solid ingredients

Cucharas de medir medir pequeñas cantidades de ingredientes líquidos, secos y sólidos

Cutting Utensils - Utensilios de corte

Cutting utensils are used to peel, pare, chop, slice, shred, carve, and debone foods

Utensilios de corte se utilizan para pelar, pare, picar, rebanar, desmenuzar, tallar y deshuesar los alimentos

© viviamo/Shutterstock

Cutting Utensils Many types of knives - Muchos tipos de cuchillos

French or chef’s knife - El francés o el cuchillo del cocinero

Paring knife - cuchillo de cocina

Utility knife - cuchillo de uso

Carving knife - trinchante

Serrated knife - cuchillo de sierra

Other cutting utensils -

Cutting boards - tablas de cortar

Kitchen shears - tijeras de cocina

Peeler - policía

Shredder-grater - Shredder-rallador

Otros utensilios de corte

Mixing Utensils - Mezcla Utensilios

Used for mixing, combining, stirring, beating, blending, and whipping

Se utiliza para mezclar, combinar, revolviendo, batiendo, mezcla, y azotes

Mixing bowls

Mixing spoons

Rubber scrapers

Rotary beaters

Whisks

tazones

Mezclar las cucharas

rasquetas de caucho

batidores de Rotary

Batidores

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Cookware and Bakeware – Batería de cocina

Cookware is used to cook on top of the range

Utensilios de cocina se utiliza para cocinar en la parte superior de la gama

Saucepans - cacerolas

Double boiler - doble caldera

Skillets - Sartenes

Griddles - Planchas

Kettles - Hervidores

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Bake ware is used for baking foods in the oven

Vajilla hornee se utiliza para la cocción de los alimentos en el horno Cookie sheets - bandejas para

hornear Roasting pans - bandejas para asar Casseroles - Cacerolas Cooling racks - bastidores de

refrigeración

Safety and SanitationSeguridad y Saneamiento

Objectives - objetivo

◊ Follow safety practices in the kitchen when preparing foods.

◊ Siga las prácticas de seguridad en la cocina al preparar los alimentos.

◊ List specific guidelines that fall under the steps clean, separate, cook, and chill for keeping foods safe to eat.

◊ Directrices específicas de la lista que caen bajo los pasos limpiar, separan, cocinar y enfriar para mantener los alimentos seguros comer.

Make It Safe - Que sea seguro Sanitation is the process of maintaining a clean and healthful

environment

El saneamiento es el proceso de mantener un ambiente limpio y saludable

Following sanitary food preparation measures assures that food is safe to eat

Siguiendo las medidas de preparación sanitaria alimentaria asegura que es seguro comer alimentos

Following safety practices will help prevent accidents in the kitchen

Siguiendo las prácticas de seguridad ayudará a evitar accidentes en la cocina

Following sanitary food preparation measures assures that food is safe to eat

Siguiendo las medidas de preparación sanitaria alimentaria asegura que es seguro comer alimentos

Following safety practices will help prevent accidents in the kitchen

Siguiendo las prácticas de seguridad ayudará a evitar accidentes en la cocina

Using Appliances and Utensils SafelyUsando aparatos y utensilios con

seguridad Many accidents are caused by the misuse

of equipment Muchos accidentes son causados por el mal uso? De equipo

Follow all manufacturer’s use and care instructions carefully Siga uso y cuidado todas las instrucciones del fabricante

cuidadosamente

Know how to use utensils, cookware, and bakeware correctly Saber utilizar los utensilios, utensilios de cocina y los

utensilios para hornear correctamente

Practice safety procedures Procedimientos de seguridad Práctica

Keep It Sanitary - Manténgalo Sanitaria

Foodborne Illnesses are sicknesses caused by eating contaminated food

Enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos son enfermedades causadas por el consumo de alimentos contaminados

Special precautions are needed for Es necesario tomar precauciones especiales para

pregnant women - mujeres embarazadas

young children - niños pequeños

older adults - los adultos mayors

people with weakened immune systems - las personas con sistemas inmunes debilitados

If you suspect any food is spoiled, do not taste it and throw it away immediately

Si sospecha de que cualquier alimento estropeado, no pruebo y tirarlo inmediatamente

Food safety involves four basic steps Seguridad alimentaria implica cuatro pasos

básicos Clean - limpio Separate - separado Cook - cocinero Chill - escalofrío

Clean Hands, Utensils, and SurfacesLimpiar las manos, utensilios y las superficies Keep utensils and work area clean

Guardar utensilios y área de trabajo limpia

Wash hands before handling food and after handling raw meats, poultry, fish, or eggs

Lávese las manos antes de manipular alimentos y después de manipular carne cruda, aves de corral, pescado o huevos

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Clean fingernails - uñas limpias

Keep hair back and out of food - Mantenga el cabello hacia atrás y sin comida

Wear a clean apron - Use un delantal limpio

Wear plastic gloves if you have an open sore on your hand - Use guantes de plástico si tiene una herida abierta en la mano

Clean Hands, Utensils, and SurfacesLimpiar las manos, utensilios y las superficies

Don’t touch food with your hands if you can avoid it No tocar la comida con las manos si se puede evitar

Do not lick fingers or cooking utensils No lamer los dedos o utensilios de cocina

Wash dishes with hot soapy water Lave los platos con agua caliente y jabón

Replace cutting boards when they become hard to clean; wash and sanitize after each use

Reemplace las tablas de cortar cuando se vuelven difíciles de limpiar; lavar y desinfectar después de cada uso

Keep counters clean Mantenga limpios los mostradores

Wash tops of cans before opening them Lávese las tapas de las latas antes de abrirlas

Wash fruits and vegetables under running water Lave las frutas y verduras con agua corriente

Do not use a used hand towel to dry dishes No use una toalla de mano para secar platos

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Separate Raw and Cooked FoodsSeparar los alimentos crudos y cocidos

Keep raw foods separate from other foods because they may contain disease-causing bacteria

Separar los alimentos crudos de otros alimentos porque pueden contener bacterias que causan enfermedades

Cross-contamination is the spread of bacteria from a contaminated food to other food, equipment, or surfaces

La contaminación cruzada es la diseminación de bacterias de un alimento contaminado a otros alimentos, equipos o superficies

Separate Raw and Cooked FoodsSeparar los alimentos crudos y cocidos

Handle perishable protein foods with care

Manejar los alimentos perecederos de la proteína con cuidado

Place them in individual plastic bags at the grocery store

Colocarlos en bolsas de plástico individuales en la tienda de comestibles

Wash cutting boards and other equipment immediately after using

Lave las tablas de cortar y otros equipos inmediatamente después de usarlo

Never serve food on the same plate that held it before cooking

Nunca servir comida en el mismo plato que llevó a cabo antes de cocinar

Cook Foods ThoroughlyCocine bien los alimentos

Use a food thermometer to ensure foods are cooked to the recommended temperatures

Use un termómetro para alimentos para asegurar que los alimentos son cocinados a las temperaturas recomendadas

Do not partially cook meats, poultry, or fish No cocine parcialmente carnes, aves o pescado

Stuff meats, poultry, and fish just before baking and remove stuffing promptly after baking

Peces, aves y carnes cosas justo antes de hornear y quitar relleno con prontitud después de hornear

Cook Foods ThoroughlyCocine bien los alimentos

Never set the oven lower than 325°F when cooking meats

Nunca programar el horno inferior a 325° F cuando cocine carnes

Keep hot foods above 140°F Mantener los alimentos calientes por encima de

140° F

Reheat leftovers to at least 165°F Recalentar sobras a por lo menos 165° F

Chill Foods PromptlyChill alimentos rápidamente

Refrigerator temperatures slow the growth of harmful bacteria

Las temperaturas del refrigerador lento el crecimiento de bacterias dañinas

Keep perishable foods chilled until you are ready to prepare or eat them

Mantener los alimentos perecederos refrigerados hasta que estés listo para preparar o comer

Chill leftover foods as soon as you are done eating Enfriar los alimentos sobrantes en cuanto termines

comiendo

Chill Foods PromptlyChill alimentos rápidamente

Select frozen and refrigerated foods last Seleccione alimentos congelados y refrigerados últimos

Get foods home as soon as possible Obtener alimentos a casa tan pronto como sea posible

Promptly store foods needing refrigeration Almacenar rápidamente los alimentos que necesitan

refrigeración

Wrap foods properly for storage Envuelva los alimentos correctamente para el

almacenamiento

Use thermometers to monitor storage temperatures Use termómetros para controlar las temperaturas de

almacenamiento

Keep freezer at 0°F or lower Mantenga el congelador a 0 ° F o menos

Keep refrigerator at 40°F or lower Mantenga el refrigerador a 40 ° F o menos

Thaw perishable foods overnight in the refrigerator or in the microwave just before cooking

Descongele los alimentos perecederos durante la noche en el refrigerador o en el microondas justo antes de cocinar

Marinate meat, poultry, and fish in the refrigerator Marinar la carne, aves y pescado en el refrigerador

Never leave perishable foods out over two hours Nunca deje los alimentos perecederos fuera más

de dos horas

Put leftovers in shallow containers and refrigerate or freeze promptly

Guarde las sobras en recipientes poco profundos y refrigerar o congelar rápidamente

Keep cold foods—below 40°F Mantenga los alimentos fríos por debajo de 40 ° F

Using a RecipeUsando una Receta

Objectives - objetivo Identify the information found in a recipe and follow it

successfully.

Demonstrate proper measuring techniques for different types of ingredients.

Define cooking terms used in recipes.

Describe two categories of cooking methods.

Identificar la información encontrada en una receta y seguirlo con éxito.

Demostrar técnicas de medición adecuadas para diferentes tipos de ingredientes.

Defina los términos de cocción utilizados en las recetas.

Se describen dos categorías de métodos de cocción.

A recipe is a list of ingredients with a complete set of instructions for preparing a food product

Una receta es una lista de ingredientes con un conjunto completo de instrucciones para la preparación de un producto alimenticio

Recipe - receta

Understanding How to Use RecipesEntender cómo utilizar recetas

Ingredient list tells you what ingredients you need and the exact amounts of each

Lista de ingredientes te dice qué ingredientes necesita y las cantidades exactas de cada uno

Preparation directions tell you

how to combine the ingredients

sizes for cookware or bakeware

oven temperatures and cooking times

Yield tells how many servings it makes

Measuring Techniques

Measuring dry ingredients

Use dry measuring cups or measuring spoons

Overfill a cup or spoon and level it off with a straight-edged spatula or knife

Measuring Techniques

Measuring liquids

Use glass or clear plastic measuring cups

Measure on a flat surface

Fill to the correct measurement line; check at eye level

Use measuring spoons for small amounts

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Measuring Techniques

Measuring shortenings and other solid foods

Use dry measuring cups; use measuring spoons for small amounts

Press ingredient into the cup or spoon so no air space remains

Level it off with a straight-edged spatula or knife

Understanding Recipe Terms

baste cut inbeat dice

blend dredge

brown fold

chop knead

cream marinate

continued

Understanding Recipe Terms

mash sear

mince sift

mix slice

reconstitute stir

scald whip

Changing the Yield

Recipes can be adjusted to change yields

Measurement equivalents are amounts that are equal to other amounts

Example: 1/4 cup equals 4 tablespoons

When changing recipe yield, write down ingredient amounts to avoid confusion

Learning Cooking Methods

Knowing various cooking methods will help you create tasty, nutritious meals

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Basic Cooking Methods

Moist heat cooking methods food is cooked in a

humid environment

© Danie Nel/Shutterstock

Basic Cooking Methods

Moist heat cooking methods boil stew braise simmer steam

Basic microwave cooking uses moist heat

Basic Cooking Methods

Dry heat cooking methods

food is cooked in hot air or on a hot surface without added moisture

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Basic Cooking Methods

Dry heat cooking methods bake/roast broil deep-fry grill panbroil panfry stir-fry

General Cooking Guidelines

Conserve nutrients

Avoid overcooking food

Use as little water as possible in simmering

Use the liquid in which foods are boiled to make soups, sauces, and gravies

Microwave Cooking

Most foods cook much faster in a microwave oven than in a conventional oven

continued

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Microwave Cooking

Microwaves are used to defrost foods at the last minute

Pierce skins or wrappers before microwaving to prevent exploding food items

Cover foods in the microwave

Use a microwavable dish with lid or microwave-safe plastic wraps

continued

Microwave Cooking

When using microwave-safe plastic wraps

leave about 1 inch of space between plastic and food

leave a loose corner for venting

Promote even cooking by stirring, rearranging, or rotating the food

Many recipes recommend standing time to allow the food to finish cooking

Cooking Smart

Objectives

Plan a meal management time plan at home.

Demonstrate how to work as an effective team member in the foods lab.

At Home

Goal: Have all the food ready and at the right temperature at serving time

The key lies in planning and scheduling

Using a Time Plan

Write a time plan to help coordinate your cooking schedule

Establish the time you want the meal served

Count back to decide when to start each part of the meal

When serving many foods that are cooked in the oven, choose foods that have compatible oven temperatures

Making Meal Preparations

Some dishes can be prepared or assembled ahead of time

soups

salads

casseroles

Prepare several dishes at once, then freeze and reheat later

Using Computer Technologies

Microwave oven

Range

Coffeemaker

• Tiny computers called microprocessors are in appliances

Using Computer Technologies Personal computers and electronic

devices

Store recipes and menu plans

Calculate amounts of ingredients

Prepare shopping lists

Access websites

At School

When you prepare food at school, you learn

cooking

teamwork

Working with Others

Limited class time must be scheduled carefully

Plan ahead so teamwork goes more smoothly

Know what tasks you are expected to complete and when

Be cooperative and have a positive attitude

Planning the Lab

A work plan is a detailed list of all duties that need to be completed

Identify who will perform each task

List ingredients and utensils needed

Making Out the Shopping List

Determine what foods you will prepare (teacher)

Locate recipes

List all ingredients needed

Making a Time Schedule

Make a time schedule that includes all the tasks to be done

Prioritize tasks in order of importance

List tasks that require the most time first

Decide who will perform each task

Evaluating the Lab Experience

Evaluate yourself

Ask what you did well

Identify areas in which you can improve

Evaluate your group as a whole

How can you improve on weak areas?