Radiation & Telescopes ____________ radiation: Transmission of energy through space without physical...
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Radiation & Telescopes ____________ radiation: Transmission of energy through space without physical connection through varying electric and magnetic fields
Radiation & Telescopes ____________ radiation: Transmission
of energy through space without physical connection through varying
electric and magnetic fields Example: __________
Slide 2
Wave Motion Label the Wave How we see light video
Slide 3
_____________: Number of wave _______ that pass a given point
per second __________: Time between passage of successive crests
Relationship: Period = 1 / Frequency
Slide 4
Wavelength: ___________ between successive _________ Velocity:
__________ at which crests move Relationship: Velocity =
____________ / ________
Slide 5
No limit on wavelengths; different ranges have different names
Note opacity of atmosphere Light and Color Bill Nye Video Part
I
Slide 6
Waves The Speed of Light in Glass Video The Speed of Light in
Glass Video Water waves, sound waves, and so on, travel in a
________ (water, air, ) Electromagnetic waves need ____
____________ Created by accelerating _________ particles
Slide 7
What is the wave speed of electromagnetic waves? c = 3.0 x 10 8
m/s This speed is very large, but still finite; it can take light
__________ or even __________ of years to traverse astronomical
distances
Slide 8
Telescopes ____________ lens
Slide 9
Images can be formed through reflection or refraction
_____________ mirror
Slide 10
Modern telescopes are all _______________: Light traveling
through lens is refracted differently depending on ____________
Some light traveling through lens is absorbed Large lens can be
very _________, and can only be supported at edge A lens needs two
optically acceptable surfaces; mirror needs only one
Slide 11
Types of reflecting telescopes
Slide 12
The two 10-m telescopes of the Keck Observatory. (b) Artists
illustration of the telescope, the path taken by an incoming beam
of starlight, and some of the locations where instruments may be
placed. (c) One of the 10-m mirrors. (The odd shape is explained in
Section 5.3.) Note the technician in orange coveralls at center.
(W. M. Keck Observatory) The Keck telescope a modern research
telescope
Slide 13
Sunrise on Mauna Kea in JuneMauna Kea
Slide 14
Slide 15
The _______ Space Telescope has a variety of detectors
Slide 16
Hubble Telescope image before and after it was fixed
Slide 17
Here we compare the best ______________ image of M100, on the
left, with the ______ images on the right
Slide 18
Size _________________ power: Improves detail Brightness
proportional to square of radius of mirror Photo (b) was taken with
a telescope twice the size of the telescope that took photo
(a)
Slide 19
Size Resolving power: When better, can distinguish objects that
are closer together Resolution is proportional to wavelength and
inversely proportional to telescope size bigger is better!
Slide 20
Figure 5-12. Detail becomes clearer in the Andromeda galaxy as
the angular resolution is improved some 600 times, from (a) 10, to
(b) 1, (c) 5, and (d) 1. (Adapted from AURA)
Slide 21
Atmospheric ___________ is due to ______ movements
Slide 22
Solutions: Put telescopes on _____________, especially in
__________ Put telescopes in _________ Why is it Dark at Night
video
Slide 23
________ telescopes Similar to optical reflecting telescopes
Prime focus ______ sensitive to imperfections (due to ______
wavelength); can be made very _______ Largest radio telescope is
the 300- m dish at _________
Slide 24
________ wavelength means ________ angular resolution
Advantages of radio astronomy: Can observe ____ hours a day Clouds,
rain, and snow _______ ____________ Observations at an entirely
____________ frequency; get totally different ____________
Slide 25
Space Based Infrared radiation can produce an image where
visible radiation is __________; generally can use optical
telescope mirrors and lenses
Slide 26
_________ telescopes can also be in space; the image on the top
is from the Infrared Astronomy Satellite
Slide 27
The __________ Space Telescope, an ___________ telescope, is in
orbit around the Sun. These are some of its images.
Slide 28
Ultraviolet observing must be done in ______, as the atmosphere
absorbs almost ______ _____________ rays.
Slide 29
________ image of ___________ remnant __________ rays cannot be
____________ at all; images are therefore __________
Slide 30
Full-Spectrum Coverage Figure 5-36. Multiple Wavelengths The
Milky Way Galaxy as it appears at (a) _____, (b) infrared, (c)
______, (d) X-ray, and (e) ____________ wavelengths. Each frame is
a panoramic view covering the entire sky. The center of our Galaxy,
which lies in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, is at
the center of each map. (NRAO; NASA; Lund Observatory; MPI;
NASA)