Ranjan 1117137 Graphics Lab(Cs651)

DEPARTMENTOF

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

GRAPHICS AND MULTIMEDIA LABORATORY(CS651)

AKOIJAM RANJAN SINGH1117137

A Laboratory Record submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of Computer Programming Laboratory

of VI th B.Tech(CSE).

March 2014

CertificateThis is to certify that the record titled Graphics and multimedia (CS651) is a

bonafide record of work done by AKOIJAM RANJAN SINGH in partial

fulfillment of requirement of VIth B.Tech(CSE) during the year 2013-14.

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT FACULTY-IN-CHARGE

EXAMINER 1:

ASSOCIATE DEAN EXAMINER 2:

Name : ___________________

Register Number : ___________________

Examination Center : ___________________

Date of Examination : ___________________

Acknowledgement

We take pleasure in acknowledging the assistance and contribution of a number of

individuals to this effort. We are deeply indebted to each faculty for their support and

encouragement.

We thank Christ University, the institution that has been working towards its noble mission

“Christ University is the nurturing ground for an individual’s holistic development to

make effective contribution to the society in a dynamic environment”

We are grateful to our Rev. Fr. Dr. Thomas C Mathew, Vice Chancellor,Rev. Fr. Dr. V. M

Abraham, Pro Vice Chancellor and Rev. Fr. Benny Thomas, Director of CUFE for their

moral support and providing all facilities for the development of this Laboratory.

We express our sincere thanks to Dr. Iven Jose, Associate Dean and Prof. K.

Balachandran, Head of Department for providing all facilities for carrying out this

assignment.

We are grateful to ___________________, Faculty in-charge in guiding us for the

completion of the laboratory experiments.

We also extend our sincere thanks to all the Laboratory Assistants for maintaining and

supporting the laboratory to complete the experiments.

Our acknowledgment would be incomplete if we did not thank our parents who encouraged

us in all we did and were an infinite source of support. Also, we thank our friends who

inspired us with ideas and helped us our in tight spots.

Table of ContentsPRGM

NO.PROGRAM NAME

PAGE NO.

1 a. Write a program to implement Bresenham’s line algorithm. 1

1 b. Write a program to implement mid-point circle and ellipse drawing algorithm. 2-5

2 Write a program to perform 2D transformations such asi) Rotation ii) Translation iii) Scaling iv) Reflection v) Shearing

6-11

3 a. Write a program to implement window to viewport mapping. 12

3 b. Write a program to implement point clipping. 13

4 Write a program to implement Cohen Sutherland line clipping algorithm. 14

5 Write a program to visualize projection of 3D image 17

Graphics and Multimedia Laboratory (CS651)

1 . a) Write a program to implement Bresenham’s line algorithm.

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Christ University 1


PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<graphics.h>

#include<math.h>

void main()

{

int gdriver=DETECT,gmode;

initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"C:\\Turbo\\TC\\BGI");

int x1=100,y1=50,x2=150,y2=180;

int dx=abs(x2-x1);

int dy=abs(y2-y1);

int p=2*dy-dx;

int Tdy=2*dy;

int Tdydx=(2*(dy-dx));

int x=x1;

int y=y1;

initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"..\\BGI");

while(x<=x2)

{



if(p<0)

p=p+Tdy;

else

{

y++;

p=p+Tdydx;

}

x++;

putpixel(x,y,GREEN);

}

getch();

closegraph();

}

1 b) Write a program to implement mid-point circle and ellipse drawing algorithm.

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>


#include<math.h>

#include<process.h>

void plot(int xc,int yc,int x, int y)

{



putpixel(xc-x,yc-y,100-10*(x-y));

putpixel(xc+x,yc+y,100-10*(x-y));

putpixel(xc-x,yc+y,100-10*(x-y));

putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,100-10*(x-y));

putpixel(xc-y,yc-x,100-10*(x-y));

putpixel(xc-y,yc+x,100-10*(x-y));

putpixel(xc+y,yc+x,100-10*(x-y));

putpixel(xc+y,yc-x,100-10*(x-y));

}

void main()

{


initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"C:\\Turbo\\TC\\BGI");

int xc,yc,x,y,r,p;

printf("\n\nENTER xc , yc , r :: ");

scanf("%d%d%d",&xc,&yc,&r);

x=0;

y=r;

p=(5/4)-r;

plot(xc,yc,x,y);

while(x<y)

{

x++;

if(p<0)

{

p=p+2*x+1;

}

else

{ y--;

p=p+2*x-2*y+1;



}

plot(xc,yc,x,y);

}

getch();

}

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>


#include<math.h>

void main()

{


initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"..bgi");

float cx,cy,rx,ry,x,y1,y2,x1,x2,y;

printf("enter cx,cy,rx,ry\n");

scanf("%f",&cx);



scanf("%f",&cy);

scanf("%f",&rx);

scanf("%f",&ry);

if(rx<ry)

{

for(x=cx-rx;x<=(cx+rx);x+=0.005)

{

y1=cy+((ry/rx)*(sqrt(pow(rx,2)-((x-cx)*(x-cx)))));

y2=cy-((ry/rx)*(sqrt(pow(rx,2)-((x-cx)*(x-cx)))));

putpixel(x,y1,100);

putpixel(x,y2,100);

}

}

getch();

closegraph();

}



2. Write a program to perform 2D transformations such as

i. Rotation

ii. Translation

iii. Scaling

iv. Reflection

v. Shearing

PROGRAM:

i) Rotation:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<math.h>


void main()

{

float ang,angle,xr,yr;

int x1=150,x2=100,y1=200,y2=200;


initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"...bgi");

line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

printf("\n Enter angle::");

scanf("%f",&ang);

angle=ang*(M_PI/180);

xr=x1+((x2-x1)*cos(angle))-((y2-y1)*sin(angle));

yr=x1+((x2-x1)*cos(angle))+((y2-y1)*sin(angle));

setcolor(GREEN);

line(x1,y1,(int)xr,(int)yr);

getch();



closegraph();

}

ii) Translation

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<math.h>


void main()

{



int tx,ty,r=50;

int x=100,y=200;

printf("\n Enter tx and ty::");

scanf("%d %d",&tx,&ty);

setcolor(RED);

circle(x,y,r);

setcolor(GREEN);

circle(x+tx,y+ty,r);

getch();



closegraph();

}

iii) Scaling

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<math.h>


void main()

{

float s;

int x=100,y=200,r=50;



setcolor(RED);

circle(x,y,r);

printf("\n Enter scaling factor::");

scanf("%f",&s);



setcolor(GREEN);

circle(x,y,r*s);

getch();

closegraph();

}

iv) Reflection:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<math.h>


void main()

{

float ang,angle,xr,yr;

int x1=150,x2=100,y1=200,y2=200;





line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

printf("\n Enter angle::");

scanf("%f",&ang);

angle=ang*(M_PI/180);

xr=x1+((x2-x1)*cos(angle))-((y2-y1)*sin(angle));

yr=x1+((x2-x1)*cos(angle))+((y2-y1)*sin(angle));

setcolor(GREEN);

line(x1,y1,(int)xr,(int)yr);

getch();

closegraph();

}

v) SHEARING

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>


#include<math.h>

#include<process.h>

void main()

{


int c,tx,ty,r,s,x1,x2,y1,y2,sf;

initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"..bgi");



printf("\n\nENTER COORDINATES x1 , y1 , x2 , y2 :: ");

scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);

printf("\n\nENTER SHEARING FACTOR :: ");

scanf("%d",&sf);

cleardevice();

line(x1,y1,x1,y2);

line(x1,y1,x2,y1);

line(x2,y2,x2,y1);

line(x2,y2,x1,y2);

setcolor(GREEN);

line(x1,y1,x1,y2);

line(x1,y1,x2,y1);

line(x2*sf,y2*sf,x1,y2);

line(x2*sf,y2*sf,x2,y1);

getch();

closegraph();

}



3 a) Write a program to implement window to viewport mapping .

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>


#include<math.h>

void main()

{

int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;

initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "C:\\TC\\BGI");

int xwmin=100,ywmin=150, xwmax=300, ywmax=350,xw=150,yw=200,xvmin=50, yvmin=100,xvmax=80,yvmax=120;

float sx,sy,xv,yv;

sx = (float)(xvmax-xvmin)/(xwmax-xwmin);

sy = (float)(yvmax-yvmin)/(ywmax-ywmin);

xv = ((xw-xwmin)*sx)+xvmin;

yv = ((yw-ywmin)*sy)+yvmin;

rectangle(xwmin, ywmin, xwmax, ywmax);

line(xwmin, ywmin, xw, yw);

rectangle(xvmin, yvmin, xvmax, yvmax);

line(xvmin, yvmin, xv, yv);

getch();

closegraph();

}



3 b) Write a program to implement point clipping.

PROGRAM:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <conio.h>

#include <graphics.h>

void main()

{

int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;


int xwmin=100,ywmin=100, xwmax=150, ywmax=150,x,y,no,i;

int slope;

rectangle(xwmin,ywmin,xwmax,ywmax);

printf("Enter the number of points: ");

scanf("%d",&no);



for(i=0;i<no;i++) {

x = rand() % 250;

y = rand() % 250;

if(x>xwmin && x<xwmax && y>ywmin && y<ywmax)

putpixel(x,y,YELLOW);

else

putpixel(x,y,RED);

}

getch();

closegraph();

}

4. Write a program to implement Cohen Sutherland line clipping algorithm.

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>


#include<math.h>

#include<process.h>

int regioncode(int x,int y,int xmin,int ymin, int xmax, int ymax)

{

int rc = 0;

if(x-xmin<0)rc=rc|1;

if(xmax-x<0)rc=rc|2;



if(y-ymin<0)rc=rc|4;

if(ymax-y<0)rc=rc|8;

return rc;

}

void main()

{



int xmin=100,xmax=300,ymin=110,ymax=300,i,rc1,rc2;

float m,x1=60,x2=320,y1=100,y2=400;

rc1=regioncode(x1,y1,xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);

rc2=regioncode(x2,y2,xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);

m=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)*1.0;

cleardevice();

rectangle(xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax);

if(rc1==0 && rc2==0){

line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

}

else if((rc1 & rc2) !=0){}

else

{

if((rc1&1)==1)

{

y1=y1+m*(xmin-x1);

x1=xmin;

}

if((rc2&1)==1){

y2=y2+m*(xmin-x2);

x2=xmin;

}



if((rc1&2)==2){

y1=y1+m*(xmax-x1);

x1=xmax;

}

if((rc2&2)==2){

y2=y2+m*(xmax-x2);

x2=xmax;

}

if((rc1&4)==4){

x1=x1+(ymin-y1)/m;

y1=ymin;

}

if((rc2&4)==4)

{

x2=x2+(ymin-y2)/m;

y2=ymin;

}

if((rc1&8)==8)

{

x1=x1+(ymax-y1)/m;

y1=ymax;

}

if((rc2&8)==8){

x2=x2+(ymax-y2)/m;

y2=ymax;

}

line(x1,y1,x2,y2);

}

getch();

closegraph();



}

5. Write a program to visualize the projection of 3D images.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

#include <graphics.h>

typedef struct point {

int x, y, z;

} point;

void main() {

int gdriver=DETECT, gmode;


point a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l;

a.x=100; a.y=110; a.z=100;

b.x=200; b.y=110; b.z=100;

c.x=100; c.y=110; c.z=200;

d.x=200; d.y=110; d.z=200;



e.x=100; e.y=60; e.z=200;

f.x=200; f.y=60; f.z=200;

g.x=100; g.y=60; g.z=300;

h.x=100; h.y=10; h.z=100;

i.x=200; i.y=60; i.z=300;

j.x=200; j.y=10; j.z=100;

k.x=200; k.y=10; k.z=300;

l.x=100; l.y=10; l.z=300;

// front

printf("\n FRONT VIEW \n");

rectangle(c.x, c.y, f.x, f.y);

rectangle(g.x, g.y, k.x, k.y);

//side

getch();

cleardevice();

printf("\n SIDE VIEW \n");

line(k.y, k.z, j.y, j.z);

line(j.y, j.z, b.y, b.z);

line(b.y, b.z, d.y, d.z);

line(d.y, d.z, f.y, f.z);

line(f.y, f.z, i.y, i.z);

line(i.y, i.z, k.y, k.z);

// top view

getch();

cleardevice();

printf("\n TOP VIEW \n");



rectangle(a.x, a.z, d.x, d.z);

rectangle(e.x, e.z, i.x, i.z);

getch();

closegraph();

}


Documents

Ranjan 1117137 Graphics Lab(Cs651)