RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT …environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FormB/EC/EIA...Architect: R J Architects PVT LTD, Anna Nagar, Chennai – 600040. Geotechnical Consultant:

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Eco Services India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai – 600032.

RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (REIA)

For

“SPR BINNY”

PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF MIXED USE

DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

At

PERAMBUR VILLAGE, PURASAWALKAM-PERAMBUR

TALUK, CHENNAI DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU

August 2016

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GENERAL

PROJECT TITLE

Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Study Report for the construct Mixed Use development

project at RS No: 218/1, 2, 219/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 220/2, Block 11, and RS No: 221/2, 222/1, 2, Block 12

of Perambur Village, Purasawalkam-Perambur Taluk, Chennai District in the state of Tamil Nadu.

PROJECT LOCATION

The proposed project is situated along the Stephens Road, Cooks Road and New Farrens Road

adjacent to the road.

PROJECT PROPONENTS

M/s. SPR Constructions Pvt. Ltd.,

Sapna Trade Centre , 12th Floor, Old No: 109,

New No:135,Poonamallee High Road, Chennai – 600 084.

CONTACT PERSON

Hitesh Kumar P Kawad.

Managing Director

SPR Construction Pvt. Limited



Email- [email protected]

Mobile: 98412 86087

FIRM OF EXPERTS

Architect: R J Architects PVT LTD, Anna Nagar, Chennai – 600040.

Geotechnical Consultant: GEO Foundations Pvt. Ltd.,

PHE Consultant: Design Tree Service Consultants Pvt. Ltd

Environmental Consultant: Eco Services India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai – 600 032

PROJECT COORDINATES

13° 6'8.67"N

80°15'14.89"E Elevation: 2 M above MSL

mailto:[email protected]

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW

M/s. SPR Constructions Pvt. Ltd., is one of the leading developers in Chennai which is developing

Mixed used Development Project comprising of Residential Units, Club House , Shopping Center,

Convention Center, Shopping Mall, Hotel, Schools, and Multilevel Car parking at RS No: 218/1, 2,

219/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 220/2, Block 11, and RS No: 221/2, 222/1, 2, Block 12 of Perambur Village,

Purasawalkam-Perambur Taluk, Chennai District., Tamil Nadu.

In order to assess the potential environmental impacts arising out due to the construction and

operation of the proposed project activities and to comply with the statutory requirements of the

Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) under the Environment (Protection) Act 1986, the

project proponent retained M/s. Eco Services India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai to undertake Rapid

Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) study for the proposed project.

The principal Environmental Regulatory Agency in India is the Ministry of Environment and Forests

(MoEF), New Delhi. As per the notification of the MoEF dated 27.01.94 and amendment dated

14.09.2006, any construction project falling under entry 8 of Schedule-I shall not be undertaken in

any part of India unless it is accorded environmental clearance by the Central Government in

accordance with the procedures specified in the notification. As per the procedure, anybody who

desires to undertake any construction project in any part of India shall apply to the MoEF, which shall

include an Environmental Management Plan / Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report.

Hence, as per the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September 2006 and

amendments in 2009 & 2011, the proposed project falls under 'Category B1' with project or activity

type number '8(b)', which require preparation of EIA Report to get Environmental Clearance from the

State Environmental Impact assessment Authority (SEIAA).

This EIA Report addresses the environmental impacts of the proposed project and proposes the

mitigation measures for the same. The Report is prepared, based on the model TOR given in

Environmental Impact Assessment Guidance Manual for Building Construction by Ministry of

Environment & Forests (MOEF).

Accordingly this report for the proposed construction project has been prepared for the perusal of

statutory bodies (MoEF/ State Pollution Control Board) and to judge the environmental viability of

the project.

1.2 PROJECT SITE LOCATION

The project site is located at 13° 6'8.67" North latitude and 80°15'14.89" East longitude. The site is

located at RS No: 218/1, 2, 219/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 220/2, Block 11, and RS No: 221/2, 222/1, 2, Block 12

of Perambur Village, Purasawalkam-Perambur Taluk, Chennai District, TamilNadu. It is easily

accessible as it is well connected by roads. The site is situated in Perambur Village. The location map

of the project area is given in the Figure 1.1.

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Figure 1.1: Index Map of the Project Area

The project does not include any environmentally sensitive area. CMDA has earmarked the site as

Commercial Use Zone. The environmental settings of the site are given below:

Table 1.1: Details of Environmental Settings

S. No. Particulars Details

1. Latitude 13° 6'8.67"N

2. Longitude 80°15'14.89"E

3. Total Plot Area 200244 Sq.m

4. Land Use Category Commercial Use Zone

5. Nearest Highway Perambur High road

6. Nearest Railway Station Perambur Railway station (1.0 km)

7. Nearest Airport Chennai International Airport (15.0 km)

8. Nearest Harbour Chennai Harbour (4.73 km)

1.3 PROJECT SITE AND SURROUNDINGS DESCRIPTION

The proposed project site is surrounded on the east by Otteri Nallah, whereas on the north by

residential units. In all other sides, the site is surrounded by residential units and vacant lands. The

shape of the plot is an irregular one and the terrain is quite flat without any undulations. There are no

existing natural features which may affect the planning process.

1.4 CURRENT LAND USE AND OWNERSHIP

The proposed project site lies in the commercial use category of the project area and is a part of the

CMDA jurisdiction. The adjoining lands to the project site are essentially residential uses. Within 1

Km radius of the proposed project site, many residential units also exist. As there is requirement of

substantial residential accommodation and commercial development for the neighborhood as well as

for the Chennai city, the CMDA has categorized this site as Commercial use as per second master

plan. No agricultural and industrial areas exist within the core zone of the proposed project site. The

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proposed project site is designated for the intended purpose and land use of the plot area measuring

200243.50 Sq.m. meters is for Mixed Use development.

1.5 OBJECTIVES OF THE REIA STUDY

The purpose of Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) is to assist in the decision making

process and to ensure that the project under consideration are environmentally sound and sustainable.

REIA identifies the ways of improving project environmentally by preventing, minimizing, mitigating

or compensating for adverse impacts. Urban development projects including housing and office

complexes do have the potential in altering environmental resources of any urban area. They cause

stress on local environmental assets of the urban area and could become the potential source for

limiting the growth of the city. Unplanned construction and operation of such projects usually result

in impacts on various facets of environment.

Keeping above issues under considerations, an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is

conducted which incorporates into development and planning process, a plan for environmental

protection and conservation. The procedure identifies the possible positive and negative impacts on

the environment likely to emanate as a result of construction and operation of a project. The EIA thus,

provides for a plan which, upon implementation, will reduce or offset the negative impacts of a

project resulting in a minimum level of environmental degradation. This minimization may be a result

of implementation of a project modifications or environmental protection measures which simply

reduces the severity or number or magnitude of negative impacts. The plan may also result in

utilization of positive impacts for enhancement measures which offset negative impacts. To measure

the level of plan implementation and the degree of effectiveness of the above environmental

protection provisions, the EIA provides a monitoring programme. This programme is so designed that

it identifies the parameters of uncertainty and measures the related impacts.

It is necessary that there is close integration of EIA with various aspects of a project including

financial and engineering aspects which ensures environmental consideration are given due weight in

project selection, siting design and operation. Analysis of past experiences indicate that it is necessary

to examine a number of problem areas in order to ensure that environmental concerns can be

effectively integrated in the development process. Similar approach has been adopted while

conducting the REIA study for the proposed residential complex.

1.6 STAGES IN THE REIA STUDY

The purpose of this section is to enumerate the methodology for Rapid Environmental Impact

Assessment (REIA) which has been followed for this study. Any activity involving construction and

operation is expected to cause impacts on surrounding environment. The impacts may be adverse or

beneficial, short term or long term, and reversible or irreversible. In order to assess the significance of

impacts, various steps that are used in conducting an REIA within core and buffer zone around the

proposed project construction site are divided into the following phases:

Identification of significant environmental parameters and assessing the existing status within the

impact zone with respect to air, water, noise, land, biological, and socioeconomic components of

environment.

Study of various activities of the proposed project components to identify the areas leading to

impact/change in environmental quality.

Identification of potential impacts on various environmental components due to the activities

envisaged during pre-construction, construction, and operational phases of the proposed project.

Prediction of significant impacts on the major environmental components using qualitative /

quantitative techniques.

Preparation of environmental impact statement based on the identification, prediction and

evaluation of impacts.

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Delineation of environmental management plan (EMP) outlining preventive and curative

strategies for minimizing adverse impacts during pre-construction, construction and operational

phases of the proposed project.

Formulation of environment quality monitoring programme for construction and operational

phases to be pursued by the project proponent.

1.7 THE TOR

Model TOR issued by SEIAA for the project is as follows:

1.7.1 Introduction

Profile of the project proponent, name and contact address, implementing organization, organizational

chart, project consultants etc., should be mentioned clearly.

Land description – plot / survey numbers, village, tehsil, district, state and area of the land must be

mentioned clearly.

Description of centre/state/local regulation and standards applicable for townships and area

development projects should be discussed. Any litigation(s) pending against the proposed project and

for any directions or orders passed by any court of law/any statutory authority against the project is to

be detailed out.

1.7.2 Project description

Goal and objectives of the proposed project, significance of the project both at local and regional

level, relevance of the project in light of the existing development plans of the region are to be

mentioned clearly. Background information and overall scenario of the proposed activity in the Indian

context, procedures adopted for selection, criteria for selection of the site for the proposed activity,

such as environmental, socio-economic, minimization of impacts, ecological sensitivity , Impact of

existing activities on the proposed activity, etc., should be spelt out. Resource and manpower

requirements have to detail. Time frame for project initiation, implementation and completion should

be detailed.

Total site area

Total Built up area (provide floor wise break up details) and total activity area; permission letter

from competent authority to utilize OSR area for greenbelt development

Source of water and Consumption with supporting documents from competent for drawl

Source of Power and requirement

Source of power

Connectivity to the city centre, utilities and transportations networks community facilities

Parking requirements as per CMDA rules

Type of building material to be used

Environmental liability of the site

Existing structure/type of material – demolition debris etc.

Essential Topo sheets/Maps to be provided

A map of the study area 5 km from the boundary of the project area, delineating the major

topographical features such as land use, drainage, location of habitats, major construction including

roads, railways, pipelines, industries if any in the area are to be mentioned.

A map covering aerial distance of 15 Kms from the boundary of the proposed project area delineating

the details of environmental sensitivity areas present within a radial distance of 10 kms from the

project boundary shall be specifically shown

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Remote sensing satellite imagery

Land use map of the study area in 1: 10,000 scale based on high resolution satellite imagery

delineating the forest, agricultural land, water bodies, settlements and other cultural features.

Contour map

Contour map on 1:10000 scale for the study area showing the various proposed breakup of the

land.

Description of the project site, geology, topography, climate, transport and connectivity,

demographic aspects, socio, cultural and economic aspects, villages, settlements should be given.

Details of environmentally sensitive places, land acquisition, rehabilitation of the

communities/villages, and present status of such activities are to be mentioned.

Historical data on climate conditions such as wind pattern, history of cyclones, storm surges, earth

quake etc., for the last 25 years are to be given.

Detailed layout plan of proposed project development, communication facilities, access/approach

roads, landscape, sewage disposal facilities, and waste disposal etc., to be given. Layout plan of

proposed development of built up areas with covered construction such as DG set rooms,

administrative buildings , utilities such as main and standby power, water supply installations etc.,

to be given.

Requirement of natural resources and their sources are to be detailed out.

1.7.3 Description of the Environment

Environmental data to be considered in relation to township development would be:

Land, (b) Ground water, surface water (c) AIR, (d) Biological environment, (e) Noise, (f) Socio

Economical environment.

Study area

Map of the study area clearly delineating the location of various monitoring stations (air/water soil

and noise) superimposed with location of habitats are to be shown. Monitoring should be done as per

CPCB guidelines. Primary date should be collected for one season except rainy season. Monitoring of

the parameters should be carried out within the study area.

Land Environment

Study of land use pattern, habitation, cropping pattern, forest cover, environmentally sensitive places

etc, employing remote sensing techniques and ground truth. The following parameters have to be

addressed under the baseline date for land environment.

(a) Topography

Slope form

Landform and terrain analysis

(b) Soil

Type and characteristics

Porosity and permeability

Sub – Soil permeability

Inherent fertility

Air Environment

Climatological data is to be obtained from nearest Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) station

for one full year. Micro meteorological data consisting of wind speed, wind direction, temperature,

cloud cover, (amount and height), humidity, inversions, rainfall (peak and average daily rainfall )

and wind rose patterns from primary and secondary sources in the study area.

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Baseline data of air pollutant parameters extending an area of 5 Kms from the project should be

monitored at a number of locations. Description of base line data of ambient air parameters namely

PM10 and PM2.5 Nitrogen dioxide, Sulphur dioxide and Carbon Monoxide are to be ascertained.

Daytime and nighttime data should be collected.

Noise Environment

Construction equipment and road traffic are the major sources of noise. Baseline data noise at the

project area and the neighborhood habitat areas is to be ascertained. Daytime and nighttime data

should be collected.

Water Environment

Identify project activities, including construction phase, which may affect surface water or ground

water. Estimate water intake requirements and identify the sources of eater water to be used.

Rainwater harvesting has to be detailed out.

Baseline water quality from all sources such as ground water, municipal water, surface water need to

be determined and compared to the water quality norms prescribed for drinking water and State

PWD specifications for construction water. Quantity of wastewater is to be provided.

Biological Environment

Baseline data on the flora and fauna for the study area is to be detailed out. If there are any rare and

endangered species in the study area they are to be clearly mentioned.

Socio Economic & Health Environment

Baseline data should include the demography, settlements and existing infrastructure facilities in the

proposed area.

Solid Waste

Solid waste generated such as construction or demolition waste, Municipal waste, Hazardous waste,

E-Waste during construction & during operation. Details of the following are to be given:

Construction or demolition waste, i.e., massive and inert waste

Municipal waste, i.e., biodegradable and recyclable waste

Hazardous waste

E-waste

Details of authorized Municipal solid waste facilities, biomedical treatment facilities and hazardous

waste disposal facilities in the area should be included.

1.7.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measure

Land Environment

Air Environment

Water Environment

Biological Environment

Socio Economic Environment

Solid waste and Environment

1.7.5 Specific Studies

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Describe the project energy requirements, infrastructure requirements needed for this activity. Discuss

the steps taken to integrate the needs of other stakeholders into the location and design of access

infrastructure to reduce and manage overall environmental impacts from resources development.

Transport

Detailed traffic survey and analysis. Estimate any environmental implications from transportation

(rail, road) related emissions associated with the construction and operational phases and suggest

suitable options.

Provide a site plan showing the details of connectivity existing and proposed road and rail

transport.

Provide a site plan showing buildings, roads and open spaces, confirming the hierarchy of roads

as per the rules given by UDPFI guidelines

Discuss the impact of increased vehicle traffic and requirements for access improvements on

roads in the site development area as a result of the project considering other existing and planned

developments and operations in the region including what measures will be taken to reduce traffic

and enhance vehicle safety on external roads.

Discuss any expected change in traffic volume by Average Annual Daily (AADT) including traffic in

Stephens Road, and any seasonal variability in traffic volume (include mitigation measures) prior to

construction, during construction and at full site operation.

Building Material and Technologies

Details the types of materials use in each component part of the building and landscape (envelope,

superstructure, openings and roads and surrounding landscape).

Detail out the plans and sections of buildings showing use of new technologies and non –

Conventional Methods.

Detail out the plans and sections of building using new construction techniques

Energy Conservation

Use of alternate renewable resources such as solar / wind power etc is to be discussed.

Discuss the options considered for supplying the power required for the project and the

environmental implications, including opportunities to increase the energy efficiency of the

project;

Details of U7R values are to be given.

Details of the renewable energy systems ( sizing and design) – solar lighting and solar water

heater., building costs and integration details are to be provided

1.7.6 Environmental Monitoring Program

Frequency, location, parameters of monitoring

Compilation and analysis of data reporting system.

1.7.7 Additional Studies

Risk Assessment (ERA) and Disaster Management Plan (DMP)

Discuss emergency plans for any environmental risks and such as earthquakes.

Types of emergency, internal and external origin

Emergency evacuation plan

Emergency Procedures

Helipad facilities for buildings with height beyond 60 mts

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Natural Resources Conservation

Plan of action for conservation of natural resources and recycle waste materials due to the project

activity in the construction and operational phase of the project is to be discussed.

1.7.8 Project Benefits

This section details out the improvements in physical infrastructure, social infrastructure if any. Also

it details out any employment potential and other benefits that are accrued if the project is taken up.

1.7.9 Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

1.7.10 Corporate Environment Responsibility

i) (a) Does the company have a well laid down Environmental Policy approved by its Board of

Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.

(b) Does the environment policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedure to bring

into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms /

conditions/ if so it may be detailed in EIA.

ii) What is the hierarchical system or administrative order of the company to deal with

environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions? Details of this

system may be given.

iii) Does the company have a system of reporting of non – compliances / violations of

environmental norms to the Board of directors of the company and / or shareholders or

stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism should be detailed in the EIA report.

1.7.11 Summary & conclusion (Summary EIA)

1.7.12 Disclosure of consultant engaged

1.8 REPORT ORGANIZATION AND STRUCTURE

The contents of the present study are arranged as follows:

Section 1: This section gives an overview of the project, site location and the current land use

pattern of the project area. The objectives and need for REIA study too have been covered as a

part of this section.

Section 2: This section gives the brief review of the policies and the Environmental legislations at

the National and State level to understand the legal requirements and implications of the proposed

project interventions.

Section 3: A brief write-up on various project appurtenances, construction schedule and related

aspects have been covered in this section.

Section 4: Baseline environmental conditions including physical, biological and socio-economic

parameters, resource base and infrastructure have been described in this section. Before the start

of the project, it is essential to ascertain the baseline conditions of appropriate environmental

parameters which could be significantly affected by the implementation of the project. The

baseline setting has been described for parameters most relevant to the type of proposed project.

The baseline study involved both field work and review of existing information, which were

available through different agencies / organizations.

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Section 5: Anticipated positive and negative impacts as a result of the construction and operation

of the proposed project are covered as a part of this section. The section attempts to forecast the

future environmental conditions of the project area that might be expected to occur as a result of

the construction and operation of the proposed project.

Section 6: This section gives the environmental impact statement based on the identification,

prediction and evaluation of impacts.

Section 7: This section provides inside about various alternative technologies considered under

this project and option recommended.

Section 8: This part of the report highlights various additional studies conducted and outcome of

such studies and safety measures suggested.

Section 9: This section gives the brief of various project benefits of the project.

Section 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for amelioration of anticipated adverse

impacts likely to accrue as a result of the proposed project is outlined in this section. The

approach for formulation of an EMP was to maximize the positive environmental impacts and

minimize the negative ones.

Section 11: Environmental Monitoring Programme for implementation during project

construction and operation phases has also been delineated in this section. The objective of

environmental monitoring programme is to assess the adequacy of various environmental

safeguards and to compare the predicted and actual scenario during construction and operation

phases. This enables suggestion of remedial measures not foreseen during the planning stage but

arising during these phases.

Section 12: The estimated cost for implementation of suggested environmental management

measures.

Section 13: This section details the recommendations based on the environmental assessment of

the project.

Section 14: Under this section, brief summary of major impacts and mitigation measures to be

adopted by the project proponent.

Section 15: Disclosure of consultant engaged to undertake the REIA is provided in this section.

1.9 PROJECT PROPONENT NAME AND CONTACT

The name and contact of the project proponent and architects are:

Project Proponent:

M/s. SPR Construction Pvt. Limited



Architects:

R J Architects Pvt Ltd.,

Anna Nagar,

Chennai – 600040.

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1.10 PERMITS AND APPROVALS

Various permits and approvals already obtained for the proposed project are:

The proposed project will be approved by the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority

(CMDA) at conceptual stage.

Building plan approval will be sanctioned by Corporation of Chennai (CoC)

Approval of STP designs by Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board

(CMWSSB).

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2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATORY CONTEXT This section reviews the policies and the Environment legislations at the National and State level to

understand the legal requirements and implications on the proposed project. All activities under the

proposed project must be consistent with all applicable laws, regulations, notifications, and standards.

It is the responsibility of the project Implementing Agency to ensure that project activities are

consistent with the regulatory/legal framework, whether national, state or municipal/local.

2.1 INDIAN ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS

The Constitution of India directs the State to endeavor to protect and improve the environment and to

safeguard the forest and wildlife of the country. Article 51(g) of the constitution states that it shall be

the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the national environment including forests,

lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures. The language of the Directive

principles of the state policy (Article 47) also contains a specific provision, which commits the state to

protect the environment.

In addition to Constitutional provisions, India has established a comprehensive set of laws for the

management and protection of the environment. The Acts, Notifications, Rules and Amendments

applicable to any type of development projects include the following:

The Environment (Protection) Act and Rules, 1986

EIA Notification dated 14.09.2006 as amended on December 2009 and April 2011

Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, Rules and Amendment, 1981, 1982, 1983,

1987

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act and Rules, 1974, 1975

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act and Rules, 1977, 1978, 1991

The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991

The Environmental Standards Notification, 1993, 1996

The Hazardous Waste Management and Handling Rules, 1989 and amendment rules 2000

The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules 2000, 2002

The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995

The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000

Note:

The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) has stipulated general discharge standards for water

effluents, and general emission standards for air and noise emissions. These standards limit the

concentration and volumes of the effluents and emissions released to the atmosphere. The respective

State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) could make these standards more stringent based on the

environmental sensitivity of a specific location.

The project proponents are required to take Consents (for both air and water) and No Objection

Certificates (NOCs) from the relevant SPCBs before initiating any activity.

In addition to the above, the Central Pollution Control board (CPCB) has also specified National

Ambient Air Quality and Noise Standards for residential, commercial, industrial and sensitive zones

for the country as a whole.

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2.2 MAJOR PROVISIONS IN INDIAN ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS

2.2.1 The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 including Rules 1986

This Act is an umbrella legislation that provides a single focus for the protection of the environment.

The potential scope of the Act is broad, with “environment” defined to include water, air and land and

the inter-relationships which exist among water, air and land, and human beings and other living

creatures, plants, micro-organisms and property.

The Act has been enacted to provide for the protection and improvement of environment by

preparation of manuals, codes or guides relating to prevention, control and abatement of environment

pollution.

The Act provides powers to the Central Government to take necessary measures for the purpose of

protecting and improving the quality of the environment and prevention, control and abatement of

environmental pollution. It lays down standards for the quality of the environment, emissions or

discharges of environmental pollutants from various sources. It provides restriction on discharge or

emission of pollutants in excess of the prescribed standards. Environmental Impact Assessment

Notification, 1994 and the various amendments pertaining to this notification form a part of the

regulations under this legislation.

2.2.2 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006 and Amendments

As per the EIA notification, 1994 and subsequent amendments, new or expansion or modernization of

any activity falling in the 32 categories of activities shall not be undertaken in any part of India unless

it has been accorded environmental clearance by the Central Government in accordance with the

procedures specified in the notification.

As per the notification of the MoEF dated 27.01.94 and amendment dated 14.09.2006, any

construction project falling under entry 8 of Schedule-I shall not be undertaken in any part of India

unless it is accorded environmental clearance by the Central Government in accordance with the

procedures specified in the notification.

Relevance to the Construction Projects (Housing Complex):

· Certain type of building and construction projects needs environmental clearance from the MoEF.

These include those (i) ≥20000 sq.mtrs and (ii)<1,50,000 sq.mtrs. of built-up area.

· Certain type of townships and area development projects needs environmental clearance from the

MoEF. These include those (i) Covering an area ≥ 50 ha and or built up area ≥1,50,000 sq .mtrs.

· Contractors should adhere to the conditions prescribed in the clearance.

· In all their plant operations, the contractors need to meet the requirements / standards prescribed

in the various Environmental Protection Rules and other environmental regulations.

Whenever a project is given environmental clearance, a set of recommendations and conditions are

stipulated by the Appraisal Committee that has to be complied with by the proponent once the project

is commissioned. Project authorities are required to submit periodical compliance reports to the MoEF

to enable the Ministry to monitor the implementation of the recommendations and conditions of

environmental clearance. Cases of noncompliance of recommendations and conditions of

environmental clearance are brought to the notice of the concerned SPCB for action.

2.2.3 The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

This Act was enacted to implement measures devised for its effective prevention, control or

abatement of air pollution. The Act prohibits the construction and operation of any specified activity

without the consent of SPCBs. For the prevention and control of air pollution, the State Government,

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in consultation with the SPCB has the powers to set standards for emissions from automobiles,

impose restrictions on use of certain activities and prohibit emissions of air pollutants in excess of the

standards laid down by the SPCB. It can also make an application to the court for restraining persons

from causing air pollution. In addition, it also has the power of entry and inspection, power to obtain

information and power to take samples of air emissions and conduct the appropriate follow up. The

CPCB, as well as the SPCBs are eligible for contributions from the Central as well as the State

Government, respectively, to perform their functions appropriately. The Act also allows for

appropriate penalties and procedures for non-compliance.

2.2.4 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, amended in 1988

This Act has been enacted to implement measures devised for effective prevention and control of

water pollution. It empowers the State Pollution Control Board to prepare manuals, codes or guides

relating to treatment and disposal of sewage and trade effluents and information dissemination for

maintaining or restoring wholesomeness of water.

2.2.5 The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977

This Act provides for levy and collection of Cess on water consumed by persons carrying on certain

activities and by the local authorities with a view to augment the resources of CPCB and SPCBs for

the prevention and control of water pollution, constituted under the Water Act, 1974. It also covers

specifications on affixing of meters, furnishing of returns, assessment of Cess, interest payable for

delay in payment of Cess and penalties for non-payment of Cess within the specified time.

2.2.6 The Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 (as amended, May 2003)

The Act requires owners to identify their wastes for applicability under the hazardous wastes

amendment rules 2003 and manage them as per the prescribed guidelines. The assessment criteria

under the amended rules are based on process and concentration.

2.2.7 The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991

The Public Liability Insurance Act (PLI), 1991, imposes on the owner the liability to provide

immediate relief in respect of death or injury to any person or damage to any property resulting from

an accident while handling any of the notified hazardous chemicals. This relief has to be provided on

"no fault" basis. Owner handling hazardous chemicals has to take an insurance policy of an amount

equal to its "paid up capital" or up to Rs 500 million, whichever is less. The policy has to be renewed

every year. New undertakings have to take this policy before the commencement of the activity. The

owner also has to pay an amount equal to its annual premium to the Central Government's

Environment Relief Fund (ERF). The payment under the Act is only for the immediate relief; owners

shall have to provide the final compensation, if any, arising out of the legal proceedings.

2.2.8 Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 pertains to the cases of diversion of forest area and felling of

roadside plantation. Depending on the size of the tract to be cleared, clearances are applied for at the

following levels of government:

· If the area of forests to be cleared or diverted exceeds 20ha (or, 10ha in hilly area) then prior

permission of Central Government is required;

· If the area of forest to be cleared or diverted is between 5 to 20ha, the Regional Office of Chief

Conservator of Forests is empowered to approve;

· If the area of forest to be cleared or diverted is below or equal to 5ha, the State Government can

give permission; and,

· If the area to be clear-felled has a forest density of more than 40%, permission to undertake any

work is needed from the Central Government, irrespective of the area to be cleared. Restrictions

16


and clearance procedure proposed in the Forest (Conservation) Act applies wholly to the natural

forest areas, even in case the protected/designated forest area does not have any vegetation cover.

If the activities are going to necessitate the diversion of forest area, then the respective line

departments have to take the necessary clearances from the Forest Department / MoEF.

2.2.9 Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000

The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 provides for procedures for

collection, segregation, storage, transportation, processing and disposal of municipal solid waste.

2.2.10 Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958

According to this Act, area within radii of 100m and 300m from the “protected property” are

designated as “protected area” and “controlled area” respectively. No development activity (including

building, mining, excavating, blasting) is permitted in the “protected area” and development activities

likely to damage the protected property are not permitted in the “controlled area” without prior

permission of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) if the site/remains/ monuments are protected

by ASI or the State Department of Archaeology if these are protected by the State.

Relevance to the Construction Projects (Housing and Office Complex):

· Activities in protected areas should not be undertaken.

· If activities are to be done in the controlled area of protected properties, then the necessary

permissions should be taken from the ASI.

2.3 APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

The MoEF has the overall responsibility to set policy and standards for the protection of environment

along with Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). This includes air, noise, water, and hazardous

waste standards. The relevant standards, which may be of significance to the proposed project, are as

follows:

2.3.1 Ambient Air Quality Standards

The standards for National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQS) has been prescribed by CPCB vide

Gazette Notification dated 11th April 1994.

2.3.2 Ambient Noise Standards

Ambient standards with respect to noise have been notified by the MoEF vide gazette notification

dated 26th December 1989. It is based on the A weighted equivalent noise level (Leq).

2.3.3 Noise Standards for Occupational Exposure

Noise standards in the work environment are specified by Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA-USA) which in turn are being enforced by the Government of India through

model rules framed under the Factories Act.

2.3.4 Wastewater Discharge Standards

The discharge of treated wastewater from the sewage treatment plant (STP) should comply with the

norms prescribed by the Tamil nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB).

17


2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS

As per the policies and legal framework, for any new activity the following set of environmental

approvals are necessary from the State Pollution Control Board (SPCB):

· Consent to Establish

· Consent to Operate

2.4.1 Consent to Establish

The provision of `Consent to Establish' under the Water and Air Acts have been made obligatory after

amendments to the Acts made in 1988 and 1987 respectively. Earlier, SPCBs were issuing separate

NOCs for only siting of an industry and for adequacy and appropriateness of pollution control

equipment and related measures. This requirement has now been replaced by the `Consent to

Establish' and even extended to projects on housing and office complex. However, some SPCBs have

not yet notified the amended rules. In such cases, the proponent is still required to obtain a NOC from

the SPCB and not the `Consent to Establish'.

2.4.2 Consent to establish for discharge of effluents under the Water Act, 1974

All projects (operation, process or any treatment and disposal system) which are likely to discharge

sewage or trade effluents into a stream, sewer or on land, are required to obtain `Consent to Establish

for Discharge of Effluents' under the Water Act, 1974 (amended in 1988). For obtaining this consent,

an application is to be submitted to the concerned SPCB in the prescribed form along with the

prescribed application fee.

2.4.3 Consent to establish for emission under the Air Act, 1981

All projects (operation or process) located in an Air Pollution Control Area (APCA) declared so by

the concerned SPCB, and likely to emit air pollutants in the atmosphere, are required to obtain

`Consent to Establish for Emissions' under the Air Act, 1981 (amended in 1987). For obtaining this

consent, an application is to be submitted to the concerned SPCB, in the prescribed form and along

with the prescribed application fee.

After obtaining the `Consent to Establish' and `Environmental Clearance', the project proponents can

begin work related to the setting up of the project. After this, a periodic compliance report is to be

submitted indicating effective implementation of the recommendations and connotations.

2.5 PROCEDURE FOR PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE

Procedure of for Environmental Clearance for building construction projects is as follows:

Application for Prior Environmental Clearance (EC):

An application seeking prior environmental clearance in all cases is to be made in the prescribed Form

1 and Supplementary Form 1A, [especially framed for only for Building /Construction projects/Area

Development projects and Townships (item 8)], along with a copy of the conceptual plan shall be

provided, instead of the pre-feasibility report (which otherwise to be submitted for all other items as

per EIA Notification].

The Stages in Prior Environmental Clearance Process are as follows:

Stage I: Screening

Screening refers scrutiny of category „B‟ projects seeking prior environmental clearance made in

Form-1 and 1 A (applicable only for building construction and Townships and area development

18


projects) by the concerned Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) / State Level Expert Appraisal

Committee (SEAC) for determining whether or not the project requires further environmental studies

for preparation of EIA for its appraisal depending upon the nature and location specificity of the

project.

Stage II: Scoping

Scoping refers to the process by which the SEAC or EAC (if SEAC is not constituted for the State) in

the case of Category „B1‟ projects or activities determine detailed and comprehensive TORs

addressing all the relevant environmental concerns for the preparation of EIA report.

Stage III: Appraisal

Appraisal means the detailed scrutiny by the Expert Appraisal Committee or State Level Expert

Appraisal Committee of the application and other documents submitted by the applicant for grant of

environmental clearance.

Please Note: Normally in for other projects as per EIA Notification Stage III is Public Consultation. Public Consultation

refers to the process by which the concerns of local affected persons and others who have plausible stake in the

environmental impacts of the project or activity are ascertained. But all Building /Construction projects/Area Development

projects and Townships (item 8) are exempted from the process of Public hearing as per this Notification.

Figure 2.1: Prior Environmental Clearance Process for Category B Projects

19


3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION This section of the report describes the features of the proposed project in sufficient detail to allow an

assessment of its environmental impact. A complete description is important to understand the

potential environmental implications of the initiative and accordingly addressing issues in an Rapid

Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) Study for Proposed Mixed Use Development project.

Description of the proposed project components and activities are presented together with the aspects

during the construction and operation phase of the project which are also important from the

environmental perspective.

3.1 MAJOR PROJECT COMPONENTS AND REQUIREMENTS

The major project components and resource requirements are described below:

3.1.1 Project Layout and Development Concept

The layout plan of the Mixed used Development complex has been developed keeping in view of the

following major design considerations:

· Meeting the projected spatial requirements for the entire complex as well as individual buildings,

as per the design brief and other guidelines issued by the CMDA.

· Fulfilling client‟s aspirations for developing an institution with a conducive environment for

learning.

· Design to be responsive, to the site parameters and the nature of building proposed.

· Creating an architecturally satisfying building complex which will stand out as a landmark in the

vicinity.

· Adherence to the building bye-laws and master plan implications.

After series of meetings the designs of various buildings and the layout of the complex, has been

finalized, which has also will be formally approved by the CMDA. The overriding prime objective of

the proposed mixed use development complex is streamlining the functionary efficiency of the

complex and catering to the needs of various users groups. The facilities like club house has been

clubbed around the main buildings. According to the layout plan, the Complex shall consist of the

following building blocks:

· Shopping Center

· Convention Center

· Shopping Mall & Hotel

· Office Building

· Multi Level Car Parking

· Residential Blocks

· School

· Club house

3.1.2 Land Use and Area Statement

The proposal involves Construction of Shopping Center, Convention Center, Shopping Mall & Hotel,

Office Building, Multi Level Car Parking, Residential Blocks, School, Club house with a total land

area available is 2,00,244 Sq.m. and comprising of Residential units (949 Dwelling Units for a total

built-up area of 4,71,513 Sqm. Detailed area break up is given in below table.

20


Land Use Break Up Details:

Description Plot Area (Sq.m) Percentage Area

Ground Coverage Area 45764.69 22.85

Roads Area 37255.46 18.60

Other Utilities Area (Transformer, Substation) 2227.13 1.11

Greenbelt Area 30036.50 15.0

OSR Area 20503.78 10.24

Surface parking area 34166.9 17.09

Parking at MLCP ( Ground Level) 4539.50 2.27

Future development area 25749.54 12.86

Total Plot Area 200244 100.00%

21


Break-up of Total Built-up Area proposed for the proposed Mixed Use Development

Construction Project:

Built up Area is calculated as per the latest Circular of MoEF, Dated: 2nd April 2012. ''The built-up or

covered area on all the floors put together including basement(s) and other service areas, which are

proposed in the building construction project". Details as per master plan of the project are:

Total Plot area = 200244 Sq.m

Total Built up area = 4, 71,513 Sq.m

3.1.3 Water Requirement & Supply

Water requirement for the project during construction is primarily for preparation of mortar, PCC,

RCC, curing, sprinkling and domestic uses (construction work force). It is estimated that about 60-70

KLD of water is required during peak construction periods. This would be sourced from Chennai

Metro Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) through its tankers. The water requirement for

the project during operation phase is estimated taking into consideration all the proposed components

Towers Blocks No. of

Floors

No.

of

units

Built-up Area (Sq.m) Total Built-

up Area

(Sq.m)

FSI Area Non FSI

Area

Parking

Area

Shopping Center A1 G+4 - 22,071.82 807.74 - 22,879.56

A2 G+4 - 22,071.82 807.74 - 22,879.56

A3 G+4 - 22,071.82 807.74 - 22,879.56

A4 G+4 - 22,071.82 807.74 - 22,879.56

B G+4 - 34.621.46 1786.19 - 36,407.65

School C G+3 - 11,914.54 253.97 - 12,168.51

Convention

Center,Shopping

Mall, Hotel

D G+8+

9th

(Part)

- 37,877.84 2358.29 - 40,236.13

Office Building E G+8 - 18,370.63 1345.88 - 19,716.51

Residential Blocks F1 S+27 108 12,418.22 889.52 - 13,307.73

F2 S+27 108 12,418.22 889.52 - 13,307.73

F3 S+27 108 12,418.22 889.52 - 13,307.73

F4 S+27 108 12,418.22 889.52 - 13,307.73

G S +55 220 32,791.80 2533.6 - 35,325.40

Combined Stilt

(F1,F2,F3.F4 &

G)

- - 170.54 11789.78 11960.32

H S+27 297 14,999.27 1155.69 562.96 16,717.92

Club House I B+G+1 - 1796.48 189.16 - 1985.64

Sub Total (A) 949 2,90,332.18 16582.36 12352.74 319267.24

Basement- Residential (Lower + Upper) 30573.8

Basement - Commercial (Lower+ Upper) 76,139.8

MLCP 45531.60

Sub Total (B) 152245.20

Grand Total (A+B) 4, 71,513

22


of the building and the applicable standard water requirements for various components. The

estimation of water requirement and the water balance chart is shown in table below:

Water Requirement calculation as per CPHEEO Norms (Overall Statement):

Project

component

Area in

Sq.m.

No.

of

units

Occupancy

Rate @

Total

Occupancy

Water

requiremen

t for Non-

Flushing

@(LPCD)

Water

requiremen

t for

Flushing

@(LPCD)

Total water

requirement

(lts.)

Residential Block Residential

unit - 949 5 4745 90 LPCD 45 LPCD 640575

427050 213525 Maintenance

Staff and

visitors

- - 10% of

total

residential

population

475 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 21375 7125 14250

Club house - - 5 % of

total

residential

population

237 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 3555

1185 2370

Office Block Office Block 18370.63 1 Person for every

10 Sq. m. of Total

FSI area

1837 20 LPCD 25 LPCD 82665 36740 45925

Maintenance

Staff - 10% of total

commercial

population

184 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 8280 2760 5520

School

Students - 124 @25

students per

classroom

3100 20 LPCD 25 LPCD 139500

62000 77500

Teaching

Staff

- - 1 person

per 25

students

124 30 LPCD 15 LPCD 5580

3720 1860

Non

Teaching

Staff

- - 1 person

per 25

students

124 30 LPCD 15 LPCD 5580

3720 1860

Maintenance

Staff - - 10% of

total School

population

335 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 15075

5025 10050

Shopping Centre

Shopping 122908.74

- 1 Person

for every

10 Sq. m.

of Total

FSI area

12291 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 184365

61455 122910

Maintenance

Staff - - 10% of

total

commercial

population

1229 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 55305

18435 36870

23


Hotel and Convention Centre

Guest rooms - 119 2 guest for

each guest

room

238 120 LPCD 60 LPCD 42840

28560 14280

Staff - - 10% of

total guest

room

population

24 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 1080

360 720

Restaurant

and Food

Court

- - 2480 Seats 2480 50 LPCD 20 LPCD 173600

124000 49600

Marriage and

Mini Hall

- - 2930 Seats 2930 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 43950

14650 29300

Cineplex - - 1000 Seats 1000 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 15000

5000 10000

Retail Shop - 107 - 1500 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 22500

7500 15000

Maintenance

Staff

10% of total population of

Restaurant & food court,

Marriage & mini hall, Cineplex,

retail shop

791 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 35595

11865 23730

Swimming pool make up water requirement - 5000 - 5000

Green Belt Development

(30036.50Sq.m X 3.5 ltrs)

- - 105127.75 105127.75

Total 33644

Nos. 826150

Say

826 KLD

780398

Say

780 KLD

1606548

Say 1606

KLD

Water Requirement/Usage Summary:

Summary of water requirement:

Overall water requirement

Total Water Requirement = 1606 KLD

Fresh Water Requirement = 826 KLD (Including Swimming pool top up: 5 KLD)

Flushing water Requirement = 675 KLD

Gardening water requirement

(30036.50 Sq.m X 3.5 lts) = 105127.75 (Say 105 KLD)

24


Water Balance Overall Statement:

3.1.4 Power Requirement & Supply

The power requirement during operation is about 25420 KVA and it will be sourced from the nearby

TNEB grid which will be distributed through the transformers within our premises. For emergency

purposes, DG sets of the following capacities will be used. List of Diesel Generators proposed:

S.No. DG Capacity Numbers

Residential Block

1 500 KVA 5

2 250 KVA 1

Shopping Mall Block

3 1500 KVA 12

School Block

4 380 KVA 1

5 100 KVA 1

Club House Block

6 200 KVA 1

Convention Centre Block

7 1500 KVA 4

MLCP Block

8 1500 KVA 4

9 1250 KVA 3

10 500 KVA 1

11 100 KVA 1

STP Capacity

1500 KLD

(95% of inflow)

698 KLD

Domestic (NF)

821 KLD

679 KLD

675 KLD 1308 KLD

105 KLD Gardening

105 KLD

528 KLD Disposal CMWSSB

common sewer line

528 KLD

1377 KLD

(85% of inflow)

Fresh water Requirement

826 KLD

Flushing

675 KLD

Swimming pool

5 KLD

821 KLD

5 KLD

4 KLD

100 %

STP 1-270KLD

STP 2- 550 KLD

STP 3- 90 KLD

STP 4- 440 KLD

STP 5- 150 KLD

25


3.1.5 Fuel Requirements

Diesel / Industrial Oil will be consumed for Diesel Generators in case of Power failure. The Diesel

and Oil if required to be stored on the site as a reserved stock, will be stored in a drum / tin with

proper identification mark / labels in identified area. Fire and safety measures will be taken as per the

guidelines from the concerned authority.

3.1.6 Sewage Collection, Treatment and Disposal System

It is proposed to establish 5 STPs of 1500 KLD ( 1 No. of 270 KLD, 1 No. of 550 KLD, 1No. of 90

KLD, 1 No. of 440 KLD and 1 No. of 150 KLD) capacity in the Project area based on Sequential

Batch Bio Reactor (SBR) Technology. The wastewater generated will be treated up to tertiary level.

The wastewater will be collected through a network of drainage system to be designed accordingly

keeping in view the location of the STP. The treated effluent will be mostly reused for flushing of

toilets in the residential, Commercial complex and for gardening. Dual plumbing system will be

provided for utilizing treated water for flushing of toilets. Unutilized treated effluent shall be

discharged into the CMWSSB sewerage network which is available around the proposed site. Reuse

of treated effluent within the complex will reduce the overall requirement of fresh water as well as put

less load on the existing sewerage network.

During the project construction phase, the major source of water pollution will be sewage from labour

camps and makeshift office. It is expected that at any given time during the construction phase, the

peak manpower strength on construction site comprising of technical staff, clerical/supervisor, skilled

and unskilled workers would be about 500 persons. The average domestic water requirements would

be about 50 lpcd. Thus, total water requirements work out to be 25,000 litres / day (max.). It is

assumed that about 80% of the water required will be generated as sewage. Thus, total quantum of

sewage generated in peak situation is expected to be about 20,000 litres / day. The generated sewage

would pass through a septic tank and its discharge would be connected to the existing municipal

sewage network of the area.

3.1.7 Storm Water Drainage System

All along the road storm water drains would be provided to collect water during rains. They would be

adequately sized to prevent over flooding of the site. The storm water collection system will be

designed in such a manner so that clean storm water from garden, parking areas, roadways and lawns

is used for recharging of ground water. The excess run off will be directed towards the nearest storm

water drain.

3.1.8 Internal Road Network and Vehicle Parking

The layout plan of the proposed site has developed an internal road network in such a manner that it

will not only cater to various buildings but also integrate the whole complex in an interesting

composition of built masses and open spaces with a pedestrian dominated movement pattern.

Entry points to the complex have been worked out keeping in view the desired movement of vehicles.

Main entry to the block is planned from the main road on the Southern side. Adequately wide roads to

cater to two way traffic and to meet the fire regulations are planned in the complex.

Details of Parking

Type of Parking Total No. of Car Parking

Space Provided

Total No. of Parking Space

Required as per CMDA

Norms

Residential Area

26


Car parks 1591 1562

Two wheeler parks 655 297

Commercial Area

Car parks 4564 2835


3.1.9 Fire Fighting System

Fire fighting system in the complex will consist of fire detection system and fire fighting system.

Automatic fire detection system with different types of heat and smoke detectors will be provided in

different areas of the building. The system shall be connected to the fire alarm system. An emergency

intercommunication system shall be provided for the entire building. The control room / security room

with communication system to all floors and facility for receiving messages from different floors shall

be provided at entrance on ground floor.

The Multi Storied Group Development Project will be provided with adequate fire protection

arrangements such as water storage tank of 5.8 lakh litres capacity, fire pump, wet riser system, hose

reel, hose box, fire alarm system, portable fire extinguisher, one standby DG set connected with lift,

fire pump and emergency light. Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in the entire building. The

portable fire extinguishers shall be provided at strategic locations. It is also proposed to appoint a

qualified fire officer in the building to maintain / look after firefighting system / fire order. To prevent

any fire hazard, good housekeeping inside and outside the building shall be strictly maintained.

3.1.10 Solar Water Heating System

It is also proposed to provide solar water heating system in the hostel and staff housing block of the

residential complex. The system will consist of solar panels, insulated hot water storage tank, and

insulated piping. The estimated demand for the hot water will be about 10,000 litres per day.

3.1.11 Solid Waste Generation

The solid waste from the proposed development will comprises of biodegradable wastes like domestic

food waste, horticultural waste and recyclable waste like plastics, paper etc. As per the manual on

municipal solid waste prescribed by Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering

Organization (CPHEEO), the quantity of solid waste generated varies between 0.2-0.6 kg/ capita/ day.

Quantity of solid waste generated from the proposed residential building is given below.

S.No Project

Componen

ts

Total

Apartments

Occupan

cy load

Per

Capita

generatio

n

Total Bio

Degradabl

e Waste

generation

Total Non

Bio

Degradabl

e Waste

generation

Total

solid

Waste

generatio

n

Kg/day Kg/day Kg/day

1 Residents 949 4745 0.6 1708.2 1138.8 2847

2 Maintenance & Visitors

population (10% of

Resident population)

475 0.2 57 38 95

3 Club House (5% of


237 0.1 14.22 9.48 23.7

Office Block

4 Office Block 1837 0.2 220.44 146.96 367.4

27


5 Maintenance Staff 184 0.2 22.08 14.72 36.8

School and Club house

6 Students 3100 0.2 372 248 620

7 Teaching Staff 124 0.2 14.88 9.92 24.8

8 Non Teaching Staff 124 0.2 14.88 9.92 24.8


population (10% of School

population)

335 0.2 40.2 26.8 67

Shopping Centre

10 Shopping 12291 0.2 1474.92 983.28 2458.2


population (10% of total

commercial population)

1229 0.2 147.48 98.32 245.8


11 Guest rooms 238 0.2 28.56 19.04 47.6

12 Staff 24 0.2 2.88 1.92 4.8

13 Restaurant and Food Court 2480 0.2 297.6 198.4 496

14 Marriage and Mini Hall 2930 0.2 351.6 234.4 586

15 Cineplex 1000 0.2 120 80 200

16 Retail shops 1500 0.2 180 120 300


population (10 % of total

population of Restaurant

& food court, Marriage &

mini hall, Cineplex, retail

shop)

791 0.2 94.92 63.28 158.2

18 STP Sludge - 138 0 138

Total Waste Generation in Kg/day 5300 Kg/d 3441 Kg/d 8741 Kg/d

Component Waste Type Total Sewage

Generation STP Sludge Calculation

Sludge Waste

Generation

(Kgs/day)

STP Sludge Bio-degradable

Solid Waste 1377

0.1 m3/KLD,

So, 0.1 X 1377 KLD 138

Per capita waste generation for residential are 0.6 kg/ capita/ day and for other working population it

is 0.2 kg/capita/day.

Source: Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO)

Sl.No Description Quantity

(Tons/day)

Mode of Treatment/disposal

1 Biodegradable waste 5.162 Disposed through organic waste converter

and manure used for green belt

28


development.

2 Non biodegradable waste 3.441 Sent to authorized recyclers.

3 STP sludge 138 kgs Dried and used as manure for green belt

development





(Tons/day)


1 Biodegradable waste 5.15 Disposed through organic waste

converter.

2 Non-biodegradable waste 3.43 Sent to authorized recyclers.

3 STP sludge 138 kgs Dried and used as manure for green

belt area

Adequate number of collection bins, separately for biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste will

be provided at all necessary locations. Wastes from these bins will be collected manually on a daily

basis and would be stored temporarily in a transit storage facility. The Bio degradable waste will be

treated in OWC and the inert fractions will be disposed off through the local municipal waste

collection system and non bio degradable recyclable wastes will be handed over to authorized

recyclers.

Horticulture wastes leaves, grass and vegetative residues shall be collected at the secured location

such that it will not hinder daily activity schedule or washed away by the surface run-off causing

choking of drains, etc. and will be separately treated and disposed off along with biodegradable waste.

3.2 PROJECT ACTIVITIES

3.2.1 Construction Phase

The civil works for the construction and development of integrated complex include bulk earthworks,

construction of internal roads, pavements, parking area, underground water storage tanks, foundations

for buildings and structures, installation of storm water drainage, water supply, and sewage drainage

network, services, landscaping and security fencing. Detailed excavation will be required for the

multi-storied buildings. Other excavation will be limited to trenching for storm water, water tanks,

sewerage, electrical rooms/sub-stations and other facilities. EB room, pump room and storage etc. will

be based in the lower basement of the services building block of the complex.

3.2.2 Operation Phase

The regular operation and maintenance will be required for sewage treatment plant, OWC, pumps,

and DG sets. These will be equipped with electrical control and mechanical fittings. The maintenance

of bore well area and rainwater harvesting system will be required both on short term and long term

basis. The trained operators will be deployed on all these facilities.

3.3 BUILDING DESIGN FEATURES ON SEISMIC LOAD

Various measures taken to make the proposed building structure earthquake resistance include:

29


Building designed as a RCC framed structure.

The design of frame structures is based on stipulation of I.S. codes of earthquake design

(I.S. 1893)

Ductility provisions to improve earthquake resistivity, as per the Indian Standards requirement

also being incorporated.

As such the structure is designed for earthquake resistivity taking into account latest provisions of

Indian Standards codes for earthquake resistivity.

3.4 RESOURCE AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

Construction of the project components will require the use of renewable and non-renewable

resources including wood, gravel, sand, steel, concrete, cement, bricks and paper products. The

materials, apart from paper products, will be used during the construction period only and will not be

required during the operation phase of the project. Paper products (e.g., paper, cardboard) will be used

during the operation for record keeping, general commercial use etc. However, their use will be

minimized.

During the construction activity, it is expected that no fill materials will be transported from outside.

The total quantity of earthwork involved is estimated to be about 91,000 m3.

The material used for construction of the building will be of non – combustible nature. Non –

combustible material will only be used for the construction / erection of false ceiling including all

fixtures and used for its suspension / erection etc. and of low flame rating. Fossil fuels, such as diesel

fuel, gasoline and oil will be used during the construction and operation of the project for mechanical

and electrical equipments.

Electricity will be used during construction to provide power to construction equipment and during

operation for lighting of buildings and running utilities equipments. Electricity consumption will be

kept at a minimum when possible by adopting electricity conservation measures.

3.4.1 Manpower Requirement

Proposed project requires manpower during construction phase & operational phase thereby

creating enormous job opportunities. Local skilled and unskilled laborers will have an opportunity

for employment directly or indirectly.

There will be additional employment for the poor strata of society by way of helpers, drivers,

cleaners etc.

During the construction and operational phases of the project a workforce will be needed which

will be including both skilled and unskilled people. The introduction of workers from areas

outside the region, could introduce a potential effect on the local culture, habits and economics.

Those effects have both positive and negative elements and will be managed by the project

proponents & developers with the experience gained in many other similar projects.

3.5 SOLID, LIQUID AND GASEOUS WASTES GENERATION

Dust will be generated during the construction phase from earthworks, movement of vehicles and by

wind erosion of areas cleared of vegetation. The degree of dust generated would depend on the soil

compaction and moisture content of the ground surface during construction.

The generation of waste material is inevitable during the construction phase of the development.

Waste materials normally include general refuse including scrap metal, cardboard, plastics; inert

waste including excess fill and building rubble; and sewage wastes from the construction workers

housing. Clean waste material such as rock and rubble will mostly be used for earth fill on the site

itself. Other solid wastes generated during construction will be needed to be disposed to a designated

landfill site.

30


Domestic sewage will be generated during the operation phase of the project which will be treated in

the proposed STP in the complex. Significant proportion of Municipal Solid Wastes will be generated

from both the academic and residential complex and will need to be disposed off safely. The sludge

generated from STP will be reused in horticulture within and outside the project site.

3.6 CONSTRUCTION PLAN AND TIMETABLE

The preliminary schedule and timetable of major construction activities is outlined in Annexure -XI.

The total construction period for the entire complex will be about 48 months. This schedule is

dependent on receiving timely environmental approvals from the concerned authorities.

3.7 CONSTRUCTION WORKFORCE REQUIREMENTS

The site works during construction are highly labour intensive and a sizeable workforce is anticipated.

The entire project will be executed in 4 years period. The peak labour force requirement for the

project will be about 1500 workers. It is expected that about 500 workers will stay in temporary

shelters on the site during the construction period.

3.8 PROJECT COST

The estimated cost of the project including construction and machinery cost is expected to be

Rs. 683 Crores.

3.9 PROJECT SITE LAYOUT PLAN AND MODEL PHOTOGRAPHS

The project site layout plan for the construction of Multi Storied Group Development complex is in

Figure 3.1. This illustrates the major project components and their locations on the site. Figure 3.2

gives the model photographs of the proposed project.

31


Figure 3.1 Master Plan Layout

4.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

Baseline studies are carried out to provide a detailed description of the existing ecosystem, landscape,

infrastructure, cultural heritage and urban environment. A baseline study describes the initial state of

the environment within the selected boundaries of the study area.

A description of the existing environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent

environmental attributes is thus described in detail. The existing environmental setting is considered

to adjudge the baseline conditions which are described with respect to climate, hydro-geological

aspects, atmospheric conditions, water quality, soil quality, vegetation pattern, ecology, socio-

economic profile, land use, places of archaeological importance etc.

32


An environmental baseline survey was conducted during February to April 2016 as a part of EIA

study for the project. Also this time the criteria for selecting the locations for ambient air quality

monitoring was based on the model TOR given in Environmental Impact Assessment Guidance

Manual for Building Construction by MOEF.

Meteorological data for summer season (February to April 2016) which have been collected from

IMD for year 2016 is collected from IMD. Baseline studies include collection of primary and

secondary data within the study area.

The chapter incorporates the baseline data generated in the study area during February to April 2016,

and secondary data collected from various Government and Semi-Government organizations. The

details about the existing environmental values are projected at each section in the form of the

maximum and minimum values at each location and the measurement duration. The area of the study

covers 10 km radius around the proposed site. To make the process easier, the entire zone is divided

into two, namely the core zone comprising of the proposed construction project area and the buffer

zone covering the remaining areas covered under the 10 km radius.

The guiding factors for the present baseline study are the MoEF‟s requirements for the Environmental

Impact Assessment notification and local regulations and directives. The studies were conducted by

considering the following:

The various environmental attributes were divided into primary and secondary studies. Primary

attributes such as air environment, water, soil, biological environment were assessed by

conducting field studies, on-site monitoring; and

Secondary attributes such as land use studies, geology, hydrological characteristics, and socio-

economic environment have been assessed by literature review of previous studies conducted and

from various government publications.

The scoping and the extent of data generation were formulated with interdisciplinary team

discussions, criteria questions and professional judgment. The baseline studies started with site visits

and survey in the study area for fixing the monitoring locations for the primary data generation. As a

secondary data source, various government agencies were approached for getting information and

relevant data.

4.1 METHODOLOGY

The various environmental attributes were divided into primary and secondary studies. Primary

attributes such as air environment, water, soil, biological environment were being assessed by

conducting field studies, on-site monitoring; and secondary attributes such as land use studies,

geology, hydrological characteristics, and socio-economic environment were assessed by literature

review of previous studies conducted and from various government publications. A part of the overall

site assessments including a few samples of water and soil sampling & analysis had been completed

in the recent past and the results are presented in the subsequent sections.

The methodology for conducting the baseline environmental survey considered is as per the

guidelines given in the Environmental Impact Assessment Guidance Manual for Building,

Construction Projects. Baseline information with respect to air quality, noise level, water quality soil

quality and in the study area were collected by conducting primary sampling / field studies during the

year 2016.

Baseline status of Land, Biological and Socio-economic environment are also studied. The

characteristics of baseline status of study area with respect to the following environmental parameters

were studied:

Primary Data Collection:

Ambient air quality

33


Noise Level

Groundwater and Surface water quality

Soil quality

Land use pattern

Secondary Data Collection:

Meteorological data from IMD, Chennai

Flora and Fauna

Socio-economic conditions

Sensitive areas such as forests, sanctuaries, places of historical, archeological and tourist

importance

4.1.1 Study Area

The study area is considered to be the area within 500 mt radius of the site for Environmental

monitoring while for studying the environmental sensitivity a radius of 15 km is considered as

specified in Form 1 of EIA notification dated 14th September, 2006.

The study area covers 15 km radius around the project site. The scoping and the extent of data

generation were formulated with interdisciplinary team discussions, criteria questions and

professional judgment. The baseline studies started with site visits and survey in the study area for

fixing the monitoring locations for the primary data generation. As a secondary data source,

various government agencies were approached for getting the EIA study related information and other

relevant data.

4.2 MICRO METEOROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Meteorological factors have a direct bearing on the dispersion and dilution of pollutants/contaminants,

discharged into the atmosphere with consequent impact on air Environment. Micro-meteorological

properties of the atmosphere govern the concentration of pollutants and its variations with time and

location with respect to their sources. Micro-meteorological measurements are therefore essential to

fit the air quality observations in a dispersion model, with a view to arrive at the ground level

concentration at various distances in down-wind direction for various pollutants. The nearest

authoritative meteorological recording station is maintained by the Regional Meteorological Center at

Nungambakkam, Chennai. The basic meteorological parameters pertinent to the air pollution studies

are those governing the transport and diffusion of the pollutants in the atmosphere and they are listed

below:

Wind speed

Wind direction

Temperature

Humidity and

Rain fall

The salient climatologically Parameters are shown below:

S. No Climatical Parameter SW NE Winter Summer

1

Monthly mean Temperature max.

/min. in. o Celsius

a) Hilly area

b) Plain area

15.35/14.3

31.5/29/9

12.5/14.0

28.5/25.65

13.3/12.5

27/25.55

16.55/14.6

32/29.2

2

Average temperature in o Celsius

a) Hilly area

b) Plain area

14.67

30.59

13.17

26.98

12.9

26.3

15.62

30.68

Average relative humidity in %

34


3 a) Hilly area

b) Plain area

84.0

53.13

84.0

69.17

66.25

62.25

67.83

54.67

4

Average wind velocity in kmph.

a) Hilly area

b) Plain area

14.15

8.1

11.63

5.67

12.6

6.95

12.57

5.73

5 Average sunshine hours/day 6.43 6.32 9.05 8.96

6 Average pan evaporation in

mm/month

232.42 mm/months

Methodology of Sampling:

Micro-meteorological station was installed in the proposed site with the objective of recording wind

direction and speed, Temperature, Humidity and Pressure. The data thus collected from the station

represent the prevailing micro-meteorological aspects of core and buffer zone. Wind direction was

observed using wind vanes and velocity by using Anemometer at hourly intervals and data was

plotted as wind roses. The maximum and minimum relative humidity for each sampling location was

also recorded along with temperature by using wet and dry bulb thermometer. The rainfall was

estimated using rain gauge.

35


Figure 4.1(a) Wind rose Diagrams For the months of February – April 2016 observed at 08:30 hrs

36


Figure 4.1(b) Wind rose Diagrams For the months of February – April 2016 observed at 17:30 hrs

4.2.1 Wind speed and direction

The observed temperature range in the area varied from 19o C to 34

o C. The relative humidity

normally varied between 60% and 90% while the minimum wind speed is 4 km per hour and the

maximum wind speed is 16 km per hour. The predominant wind direction observed during the study

period was Southeast direction. Wind rose at site for the study period is depicted in Figure 4.1.

Average rainfall at site is 1100 mm recorded in earlier years.

4.2.2 Temperature

The observed temperature range in the area varied from minimum 21 C to Maximum 33 C

4.2.3 Relative Humidity

The relative humidity normally varied between 60% to 90% during the study period.

37


4.2.4 Rainfall

The Annual rainfall for

the 31 rainfall stations,

for all the years and the

average annual rainfall

have been arrived and

tabulated.

The Probable Mean

aerial rainfall analysis

for 50%, 75%

dependable rainfall in

each of the sub basin

and the basin group

based on the rainfall

data from 1971 to 2001

(for latest 30 years

were taken into

account) as a whole are

below and the average

for South West and

North East and annual

Rainfall for all the 31

rainfall stations have

been analyzed and

tabulated.

The long term (1920 –

2000) average annual

rainfall in hilly, plain

and coastal regions is

as follows:

S. No. Region Location Average Annual Rainfall in mm

1

Hilly Region

Sholingar

Tiruthani

Pallipet

952

1047

895

2

Plain Region

Thiruvallore

Sholavaram

Minnal

Poondi

Arakonam

1088

1289

959

1292

1070

Latitude Longitude

1 Sholingar 13 07 00 79 26 00 445 391 31 84 952

2 Ramakrishnarajpet 13.167 79.439 362 320 13 79 773

3 Pallipet 13.336 79.442 404 361 19 111 895

4 Minnal 13 05 00 79 33 00 445 398 361 91 959

5 Arakonam 13 05 00 79 40 00 468 479 43 80 1070

6 Kesavaram 13 02 00 79 46 00 484 486 18 92 1080

7 Poondi 13 11 50 79 53 00 601 600 27 65 1292

8 Thiruvallore 13.135 79.911 424 545 46 73 1088

9 Chembarambakkam 13 07 00 79 55 00 418 620 24 83 1145

10 Sriperumbudur 12.967 79.792 418 547 36 66 1068

11 Tamaraipakkam Anicut 13 12 00 80 12 00 420 619 26 67 1131

12 Tambaram 12 55 00 80 07 00 513 809 22 80 1424

13 Poonthamallee 13 02 00 80 07 00 408 702 49 64 1223

14 Sholavaram 13 14 00 80 10 00 438 733 26 91 1289

15 Meenambakkam 13 00 00 80 11 00 433 768 37 86 1324

16 Redhills 13 10 00 80 11 00 342 614 24 90 1070

17 Korattur Anicut 13 05 30 79 59 30 402 543 24 72 1041

18 Ponneri 13 19 30 80 12 00 361 749 45 69 1223

19 Saidapet 13 03 00 80 14 00 405 759 52 70 1286

20 Nungambakkam 13 04 00 80 15 00 363 750 43 60 1215

21 Valliyur 13 12 50 79 59 15 409 720 30 103 1262

22 Athipet 13 15 38 80 17 00 328 750 42 56 1176

23 Chepauk 13 04 00 80 16 00 378 622 26 86 1112

24 Tiruthani 13 09 20 70 32 40 456 466 44 82 1047

25 Thiruvetriyur * 13.133 80.283 355 707 56 14 1132

26 Tharamani * 12 59 30 80 14 55 489 789 41 58 1377

27 Kaveripakkam 12 54 00 79 29 00 431 927 33 80 1471

28 Panappakkam 12 56 00 79 36 00 508 416 36 125 1085

29 Thiruvalangadu * 13.167 79.75 534 651 42 56 1283

30 Pattabiramam * 13.12 80.11 490 572 48 57 1167

31 Elavur 13 29 00 80 09 00 434 694 48 26 1202

Winter Summer

Note: * These Rainfall Stations were installed during recent years, and average

has been arrived only for actiual years of data available.

Annual

Coordinates

Details Of Rainfall Stations and 50 Years normal average Rainfall

S.No.Name of the RF

StationSWM NEM

38


3

Coastal

Region

Tambaram

Meenambakkam

Saidapet

Nungambakkam

Chepauk.

1424

1324

1286

1215

1112

4.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT

4.3.1 Seismic Stability

The project area falls in Zone-III of Seismic

Zoning Map of India. Though not as

seismically active as states in the northern and

western parts of the country, small to

moderate earthquakes have occurred in the

state of Tamil Nadu. The frequency of

earthquakes is low i.e. the gap between

moderate sized events is fairly long. Seismic

activity in the recent past has occurred in

clusters along the borders with Andhra

Pradesh, Karnataka and Kerala. Several faults

have been identified in this region out of

which many show evidence of movement

during the Holocene period. The east-west

trending Cauvery Fault, Tirukkavilur-

Puducherry Fault and Vaigai River Fault and

the north-south trending Comorin-Point

Calimere Fault and Rajapatnam-Devipatnam

Fault are some of them and run close to major

urban centres like Coimbatore, Madurai,

Nagapattinam, Thanjavur and Puducherry.

4.3.2 General Geology

Chennai district forms part of coastal plains of Tamil Nadu. Major part of the district is having flat

topography with very gentle slope towards east. The altitudes of land surface vary from 10 m above

MSL in the west to sea level in the east. Fluvial, marine and erosional landforms are noticed in the

district. Marine transgression and regressions and neo-tectonic activity during the recent past have

influenced the morphology and resulted in various present landforms.

Meandering streams with small sand bars are present along the course of Adyar & Cooum River. The

pediment and buried pediment in Guindy area in and around the reserved forest, is the only area

where the ecological system is less disturbed, while the other areas are completely disturbed by built

up area with large-scale human interference and pollution.

4.3.3 Landuse Pattern

To demarcate different land use classes using the remote sensing data such as satellite imagery and

application of GIS techniques for assessing the areal extent of the different classes that is interpreted,

for the proposed project site in Chennai district. The Administrative unit within 10 km radius zone

comprises of parts of:

1) Ambattur Taluk

2) Ponneri Taluk

39


3) Ponnamalle Taluk

4) Egmore-Nungambakkam Taluk

5) Fort-Tondiarpet Taluk

6) Mambalam-Guindy Taluk

7) Mylapore-Triplicane Taluk and

8) Purasawalkam-Perambur Taluk

The study area (10 Km Radius from the project site boundary) lies in between N. Latitudes 13°

6'8.67" and E. Longitude 80°15'14.89" and forms part of the Survey of India Toposheet Nos. 66 C-

5.

As per the EIA guidelines the study area has been divided into Core zone and Buffer zone which is

about 10 km radius from the boundary of the proposed project site area. The current land use has to be

assessed as it forms the basis for any developmental planning.

Methodology:

Information of land use and land cover is important for many planning and management activities

concerning the surface of the earth (Agarwal and Garg, 2000). Land use refers to man's activities on

land, which are directly related to land (Anderson et al., 1976). The land use and the land cover

determine the infiltration capacity. Barren surfaces are poor retainers of water as compared to

grasslands and forests, which not only hold water for longer periods on the surface, but at the same

time allow it to percolate down.

The terms „land use‟ and „land cover‟ (LULC) are often used to describe maps that provide

information about the types of features found on the earth‟s surface (land cover) and the human

activity that is associated with them (land use). These are important parameters for number of

environmental related development projects associated with inland and coastal areas. It is necessary to

have information on existing land use / land cover but also the capability to monitor the dynamics of

land use resulting out of changing demands. Satellite remote sensing is being used for determining

different types of land use classes as it provides a means of assessing a large area with limited time

and resources. However satellite images do not record land cover details directly and they are

measured based on the solar energy reflected from each area on the land. The amount of multi spectral

energy in multi wavelengths depends on the type of material at the earth‟s surface and the objective is

to associate particular land cover with each of these reflected energies, which is achieved using either

visual or digital interpretation. In the present study the task is to study in detail the land use and land

cover in and around the project site. The study envisages different LULC around the proposed project

area and the procedure adopted is as below:

Scale of mapping:

Considering the user defined scale of mapping, 1:50000 IRS-P6, LISS-III data on 1:50000 scale was

used for Land use / Land cover mapping of 10 km radius for proposed SEZ site. The description of

the land use categories for 10 km radius and the statistics are given for core and buffer zones

separately.

40


Figure 4.2: Flow Chart showing Methodology of Land use mapping

Interpretation Technique:

Standard on screen visual interpretation procedure was followed. The various Land use / Land cover

classes interpreted along with the SOI topographical maps during the initial rapid reconnaissance of

the study area. The physiognomic expressions conceived by image elements of color, tone, texture,

size, shape, pattern, shadow, location and associated features are used to interpret the FCC imagery.

Image interpretation keys were developed for each of the LU/LC classes in terms of image elements.

Visual Interpretation

Initial Rapid

Reconnaissance

Interpretation Keys

Pre-field

Interpretated map

Ground Truth

Updated &

Validated Land use

Ground

Photographs

Land use MAP

QAS

SOI

Topographical

maps

IRS-P6, LISS-II FCC Imagery Collateral Data

Landform

Land use Classes

41


March 2014 FCC imagery (Digital data) of the study area was interpreted for the relevant land use

classes. On screen visual interpretation coupled with supervised image classification techniques are

used to prepare the land use classification.

1. Digitization of the study area (10 km radius from the proposed site) from the topo maps

2. Satellite Data Selection: In the present study the IRS –P6 satellite image and SOI topo sheets of

66-C/04 and 08 have been procured and interpreted using the ERDAS imaging and ARC-GIS

software adopting the necessary interpretation techniques.

3. Satellite data interpretation and vectorisation of the resulting units

4. Adopting the available guidelines from manual of LULC mapping using Satellite imagery

(NRSA, 1989)

5. Field checking and ground truth validation

6. Composition of final LULC map

The LULC Classification has been done at three levels where level -1 being the broad classification

about the land covers that is Built-up land, agriculture land, waste land, wet lands, and water bodies.

These are followed by level –II where built-up land is divided into towns/cities as well villages. The

Agriculture land is divided into different classes such as cropland, Fallow, Plantation, while

wastelands are broadly divided into, Land with scrub and without Scrub and Mining and Industrial

wasteland. The wetlands are classified into inland wetlands, coastal wetlands and islands. The water

bodies are classified further into River/stream, Canal, Tanks and bay. In the present study level II

classification has been undertaken. The satellite imagery of 10 km radius from the project site is

presented in Annexure - V.

Field Verification:

Field verification involved collection, verification and record of the different surface features that

create specific spectral signatures / image expressions on FCC. In the study area, doubtful areas

identified in course of interpretation of imagery is systematically listed and transferred on to the

corresponding SOI topographical maps for ground verification. In addition to these, traverse routes

were planned with reference to SOI topographical maps to verify interpreted LU/LC classes in such a

manner that all the different classes are covered by at least 5 sampling areas, evenly distributed in the

area. Ground truth details involving LU/LC classes and other ancillary information about crop growth

stage, exposed soils, landform, nature and type of land degradation are recorded and the different land

use classes are taken. Plate-3

Description of the Land Use / land cover classes:

Built-up land:

It is defined as an area of human settlements composed of houses, commercial complex, transport,

communication lines, utilities, services, places of worships, recreational areas, industries etc.

Depending upon the nature and type of utilities and size of habitations, residential areas can be

aggregated into villages, towns and cities. All the manmade construction covering land belongs to this

category. The built- up in 10 km radius from the proposed project site is as follows.

Sl.No Land use Area in Sq.km Percentage

1 Built-up (Rural / Urban) 174.03 55.85

The built up land occupies 84.87 %

42


Agricultural land:

This category includes the land utilized for crops, vegetables, fodder and fruits. Existing cropland and

current fallows are included in this category.

It is described as an area under agricultural tree crops, planted adopting certain agricultural

management techniques. The Agricultural land in 10 km radius from the proposed project site is as

follows.

Sl. No Land use Area in Sq.Km Percentage

1 Crop Land 0.38 0.16

2 Plantation 19.21 7.85

3 Fallow Land 2.58 1.05

Of all the agricultural lands, Plantation occupies maximum of 7.854 % area within 10 km radius.

Wasteland:

Wastelands are the degraded or under utilized lands most of which could be brought under productive

use with proper soil and water management practices. Wasteland results from various environmental

and human factors.

Land with or without Scrub:

The land, which is outside the forest boundary and not utilized for cultivation. Land with or without

scrub usually associated with shallow, stony, rocky otherwise non-arable lands. The Wasteland in 10

km radius from the proposed project site is as below.

Sl.No Land use Area in Sq.Km Percentage

1 Land with Scrub 0.84 0.34

2 Land without Scrub 0.43 0.18

3 Salt affected land 0.21 0.09

Of all the wastelands Land with Scrub occupies maximum of 0.34 % of the total area.

Water bodies:

The category comprises area of surface water, either impounded in the form of ponds, reservoirs or

flowing as streams, rivers and canals. River cater channel is inland waterways used for irrigation and

for flood control.

The details are furnished below

Sl. No Land use Area in Sq.Km Percentage

1 River 4.66 1.90

2 Water Bodies – Tank 8.70 3.56

Conclusion

The land use analyses show that the area is of predominantly Built-up Land of urban, Rural and

Industrial nature followed Plantation in the core and buffer zones of the study area.

43


Different Land use classes around 10 km radius from the project site

4.3.4 Soil Quality

Soils in the area have been classified into i) Red soil ii) Black soil iii) Alluvial soil iv) Colluvial soil.

The major part is covered by Red soil of red sandy/clay loam type. Black soils are deep to very deep

and generally occur in the depressions adjacent to hilly areas, in the western part. Alluvial soils occur

along the river courses and eastern part of the coastal areas. Sandy coastal alluvium (arenaceous soil)

are seen all along the sea coast as a narrow belt. Geotechnical investigation report for the project was

submitted earlier with the application as Annexure – X.

Methodology of Sampling: Five locations in the study area were selected for soil sampling as

mentioned in Table-4.1 and Figure-4.3. At each location, soil samples were collected using Auger /

core cutter from three different depths viz. 30 cm, 60 cm and 90 cm below the surface and

homogenized. The homogenized samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics.

The results are presented in Table-4.2.

Sl.No Land use Area in Sq.Km Percentage

1 Built-up Land (Urban / Rural) 84.87 207.63

2 Crop Land 0.16 0.38

3 Plantation 7.85 19.21

4 Fallow Land 1.05 2.58

5 Land with Scrub 0.34 0.84

6 Land without scrub 0.18 0.43

7 Salt affected Land 0.09 0.21

8 River 1.90 4.66

9 Water body (Tank) 3.56 8.70

Total 100.00 244.64

44


Table -4.1 Details of Soil Sampling Locations

Location Code Name of the Location Direction from Project

Site

Distance

(km)

S 1 Project Site - -

S 2 Perambur NW 1.1

S 3 Purasavakam SW 1.8

S 4 Retteri W 3.8

Figure 4.3: Soil Sampling Locations

Table 4.2 Soil Quality Data

S.NO Parameters Unit SQ1 SQ2 SQ3 SQ4

1 pH@ 250 C - 8.58 7.64 8.24 7.64

2 Electrical Conductivity @ 250 C µmhos/cm 677 597 234 1878

3 Phosphorous as P (Available) µg/g 8.8 57 18.5 37

4 Sodium as Na (Soluble) meq/100g 20.4 11 5 82.2

5 Potassium as K (Soluble) meq/100g 1.0 3.0 3 2.4

6 Organic Nitrogen % 0.12 0.24 0.17 0.2

7 Sulphate meq/100g 68.4 86.2 48.6 104.2

8 Total Calcium Carbonate meq/100g 22.4 34.8 10.8 18.2

9 Calcium & Magnesium meq/100g 40.8 56.4 24.6 46.4

10 Chloride meq/100g 15.4 10.8 8.6 14.6

45


Results and Discussion: The soil sample and analysis results show that the soil remains fertile and

there is no any indication of the presence of pollutant in the soil. The quality of the soil is good in

nature suitable for Mixed development purposes.

4.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT

4.4.1 General

The atmosphere as such is always being in a dynamic state. A wide range of solids, liquids and gases

are emitted from both the natural and man-made sources. These substances, called pollutants, will be

easily carried away and travel to long distances, through air, disperses and reacts with other particles

and among themselves. Due to this chemical and physical reaction of the pollutant, air pollution will

be caused.

“Air Pollution" is defined as any disturbances caused in the Atmospheric Air quality, which may

cause injury to human beings, plants (Vegetation) and animals, apart from interference to comfortable

living. The level of air pollution depends upon the magnitude of the activities in the particular area as

well as the meteorological conditions. Though buildings are not a major contributor to air pollution,

they often contribute to pollutants into the air during both construction and operational phases.

The sources of air pollution during construction and operational phases of the project are as follows:

Construction Phase: Includes site clearance and preparation, infrastructure development,

building construction and other related activities.

Operational phase: Includes emissions from vehicular movement and diesel generators, and

negligible emissions from sewage and solid waste handling and disposal.

To assess the base line status, Air quality monitoring was done at different locations in the study area.

The ambient air monitoring locations have been selected based on the meteorological data obtained

from Regional Meteorological Centre (RMC), Chennai. This will reveal clearly the levels of the

pollutants at different localities, which will be useful to the proposed project to have the basic scale of

the existing Environment.

4.4.2 Sampling Location

For the purpose of the study six locations as shown in Table-4.3 were selected to assess the baseline

environmental quality with respect to the air environment. The locations are depicted in Figure-4.4.

The choice of the location is based on the importance of the place with respect to industrial, traffic

and other human related activities.

Table - 4.3 Air Quality Monitoring Locations

Location Code Name of the Location Direction from Project Site Distance (km)

A 1 Near Project Site - -

A 2 Perambur NW 3.0

A 3 Rayapuram NE 3.2

A 4 Madhavaram NWW 3.8

A 5 Ayanavaram SW 2.8

A 6 Kilpakkam S 1.0

46


4.4.3 Parameters and Duration of Sampling

The baseline data of air environment is generated for the following parameters:

PM10

PM2.5

Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX)

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

The sampling duration for PM10, PM2.5, SOx and NOx is twenty-four hourly continuous sampling per

day and CO is recorded for hourly samples.

4.4.4 Method of Analysis

The air samples are analyzed as per standard methods specified by Central Pollution Control Board

(CPCB) and IS-5182.

PM10, PM2.5 present in ambient air are sucked through the cyclone. Coarse and non-respirable dust is

separated from the air stream by centrifugal forces acting on the solid particles. These separated

particulates fall through the cyclone's conical hopper and gets collected in the sampling cap placed at

the bottom. The fine dust (PM2.5 Microns) forming the respirable fraction of the PM10 passes the

cyclone and is retained by the filter paper. A tapping is provided on the suction side of the blower to

provide suction for sampling air through a set of impinges. Samples of gases are drawn at a flow rate

of 0.2 liters per minute (Lpm).

PM10 and PM2.5 have been estimated by gravimetric method. Modified West and Gaeke method (IS-

5182 Part-II, 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2. Jacobs-Hochheiser method (IS-5182 Part-

IV, 1975) has been adopted for the estimation of NOX. Glass tubes have been used to collect the grab

samples of carbon monoxide (CO). The CO levels were analyzed through Gas Chromatography.

Figure 4.4: Air Monitoring Locations

1

2

6

47


4.4.5 Presentation of Data

Various statistical parameters like the average, maximum and minimum values have been computed

from the observed raw data for all the AAQ monitoring stations. Pollutant specific monitoring results

indicating levels of PM10 and PM2.5 SO2, NOx, and CO2 with respect to applicable standards are

presented in Table below.

Table 4.4 Ambient Air Quality in the Study Area

Location

Code Name of the Location Range

Values (µgm/m3)

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX CO

A 1 Near Project Site

Min 60.7 18.1 10.5 18.4 BDL

Max 64.7 19.4 12.7 21.3 BDL

Avg 62.6 18.7 11.8 20.0 BDL

A 2 Perambur

Min 65.9 19.8 11.6 20.7 BDL

Max 71.4 21.4 13.4 23.7 BDL

Avg 68.7 20.6 12.8 22.6 BDL

A 3 Rayapuram

Min 67.5 8.4 4.9 16.9 BDL

Max 74.1 20.2 13.4 21.4 BDL

Avg 70.6 23.4 15.3 23.4 BDL

A 4 Madhavaram

Min 51.7 15.4 9.8 15.4 BDL

Max 59.4 17.9 11.7 18.4 BDL

Avg 55.1 16.5 10.7 16.7 BDL

A 5 Ayanavaram

Min 53.4 16.6 10.6 18.6 BDL

Max 66.5 19.9 12.3 21.3 BDL

Avg 59.3 17.9 10.4 20.1 BDL

A 6 Kilpakkam

Min 54.3 16.2 10.4 18.6 BDL

Max 63.4 19.0 12.4 20.8 BDL

Avg 60.7 18.2 11.6 19.8 BDL

SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter; RPM - Respirable Particulate Matter; SO2 - Sulphur dioxide; NOx - Oxides of Nitrogen;

CO - Carbon monoxide;

* - National ambient air quality standards (CPCB)

4.4.6 Ambient Air Quality - Results of Monitoring and Analysis

The monitoring was conducted using accepted methodologies in order to characterize the existing

ambient air quality in the area near the Project site and to provide background information for the EIA

of the Project. As determined by the ambient air quality monitoring data collected for this Project, the

measured concentrations of air contaminants at the site are well below the respective objectives,

guidelines or standards, where they exist. During the period of the monitoring, no objectionable

odours were detected by Field personnel during the visits to the ambient air quality monitoring site.

Based on the results of the baseline ambient air quality monitoring conducted and review of ambient

air quality data from air quality monitoring stations in studies of nearby regions, air quality in the site

is representative of that found in a rural, sparsely populated area, with essentially no substantive

sources of air contaminant emissions nearby.

The baseline study was carried out to determine the ambient 1-hour and 24-hour TSP levels at the

monitoring locations prior to the commencement of the Project works. During the baseline

48


monitoring, there shall not be any construction or dust generating activities in the vicinity of the

monitoring stations. The ambient air quality in all the areas was within the permissible limits as

prescribed by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

4.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise in general is

sound, which is composed of many frequency components of various loudness, distributed over the

audible frequency range. Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, in a single number,

the response of an average human to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different

loudness levels. The most common and universally accepted scale is the A weighted Scale which is

measured as dB (A). This is more suitable for audible range of 20 to 20,000 Hz. The scale has been

designed to weigh various components of noise according to the response of a human ear. The impact

of noise sources on surrounding community depends on:

Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in nature). It can be

observed that steady noise is not as annoying as one, which is continuously varying in loudness;

The time of day at which noise occurs, for example high noise levels at night in residential areas

are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance; and

The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive land use, which determines the

loudness and period of exposure.

The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying from Noise Induced Hearing Loss

(NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of noise. The environmental impact assessment of noise

from construction activity, vehicular traffic can be undertaken by taking into consideration various

factors like potential damage to hearing, physiological responses, and annoyance and general

community responses. Noise survey has been conducted in the study area while covering four zones

viz., residential, industrial, commercial and sensitive zones.

Noise monitoring has been undertaken for 24 hours at each location. The main objective of noise

monitoring in the study area is to establish the baseline noise levels and assess the impact of the total

noise generated by the operation of the activities around it.

4.5.1 Identification of Sampling Locations

A preliminary survey has been undertaken to identify the major noise generating sources in the study

area. Noise at different noise generating sources has been identified based on the activities in the

village area, ambient noise due to small-scale industries, traffic and noise at sensitive areas. The noise

monitoring has been conducted for determination of noise levels at 6 locations in the study area. The

noise levels at each location were recorded for day and night. The location details of noise monitoring

are given in Table-4.5 and shown in Figure - 4.5.

4.5.2 Method of Monitoring

Using hand held instruments Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements and the levels were

measured at all locations, recording for 10 minutes at each hour was taken for 24 hours continuously.

The day noise levels have been monitored during 6 am to 10 pm and night levels during 10 pm to 6

am at all the sampling locations covered in the study area.

49


Table- 4.5 Details of Noise Monitoring Locations

Location Code Name of the Location Direction from

Project Site

Distance

(km)

N 1 Near Project Site - -

N 2 Perambur NW 3.0

N 3 Rayapuram NE 3.2

N 4 Madhavaram NWW 3.8

N5 Ayanavaram SW 2.8

N6 Kilpakkam S 1.0

The results of the ambient noise level monitoring are given in the table below.

Table 4.6 Ambient Noise Level of the Study Area

* - The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000 – Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of Noise.

Location Code Name of the Location Noise Level (dBA)

Leq (Min) Leq (Max) Leq (Avg)

N 1 Near Project Site 48.0 53.2 49.6

N 2 Perambur 49.2 54.8 52.1

N 3 Rayapuram 48.8 52.0 50.8

N 4 Madhavaram 48.3 54.8 52.0

N5 Ayanavaram 49.3 53.4 51.5

N6 Kilpakkam 47.2 52.6 50.7

50


4.5.3 Observations of Ambient Noise Levels

The noise levels in various locations were observed to be in the range of 46 dB (A) to 50 dB (A). The

noise levels at were found within the permissible limit prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board

(CPCB).

4.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT

The study area, a part of Chennai City, receives about 52.9 % of the annual rainfall during the

monsoon months October to December. On an average, rain of 2.5 mm or more falls on 35 days in a

year in this region of Chennai. The annual average rainfall is about 1088 mm based on 50 years of

data (Source: IMD).

Water is a vital commodity for the survival of human beings, animals, and vegetation and also for the

proper balance of the eco-system. As such any adverse impact on water quality due to the proposed

construction will have serious consequences on the environment. Hence it is imperative to study the

water quality of the regime likely to b influenced by the project and allied activities.

4.6.1 Ground Water Hydrology

The occurrence, movement and availability of groundwater of an area depends upon the geological

structures, geomorphic setup etc. The top river alluvium of the main two river basins of Araniar and

Kosathalayar plays an important role followed by Tertiary sandstone, these two were the major

aquifer zones of the interdependent Araniar and Kosathayar basin. These aquifer zones comprises of

thick top river alluvial sand with clay loams between 60‟ to 70‟ below ground level followed by thick

sands, clays and friable medium to coarse grained Tertiary sandstone encountered between 70‟ to 172‟

/ m 185‟ below ground level followed by thick Gondwana siltstone / claystone / yellowish or black

clay or grit as a contact zone. In certain areas around Kannigaipair, Tamaraipakkam and Poondi, these

aquifer zones are extending beyond 145‟ to 200‟ bgl.

Ground water table was encountered at 3.0m depth m in the boreholes. The whole area of the

proposed site is covered by alluvium on the surface with no exposures of other formations. The top

soil is composed of silt & sand with gravel and is generally limited to the top layer of 1 - 2 m. No

predominant aquifer of continuous stretches was observed.

4.6.2 Drainage Pattern

The Chennai Basin group consists of a portion of Araniyar Basin, Kosathalayar Basin, Cooum and

Adayar basins. Also Buckingham canal which was a source of navigation previously is running

parallel to the coast line for about 58 km length in Chennai Basin limit. The above rivers and canals

function as drainage courses in this basin. The Otteri Nallah, which runs for a length of 11 km, is also

a drainage carrier of Chennai Basin and it discharges into Buckingham canal near Basin Bridge.

During the years of 1943, 1976 and 1985 this basin experienced heavy floods and damages due to

cyclonic effects. The prevalent encroachments and obstructions in the water ways are the main causes

for flooding of Chennai City.

4.6.3 Ground Water Quality

Assessment of baseline data on water environment includes:

· Identification of ground water sources

· Collection of water samples

· Analyzing water samples collected for physico – chemical and biological parameters

Assessment of water quality in the study area was done to assess the parameters as per the Indian

standard IS 10500 (drinking water standard). Four ground water samples from bore wells / tube wells

51


from various locations in and around the proposed project site within the core zone were collected

during summer season 2013 for assessment of the physico – chemical quality.

4.6.4 Sampling and Analysis

Water sampling has been done to determine the existing quality of ground and surface water around

the project area and also to assess the impact from the proposed project. Sampling has been done by

following standard guidelines for physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters. Analysis has

been carried out by following methods prescribed in “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water

and Wastewater (21st Edition)”. Samples were collected from surface water body and bore wells in

the study area. The site selection was done taking into account the drainage pattern and locations

prone to water contamination. Water quality monitoring locations are given in Table- 4.7 and the

locations are shown in Figure - 4.6.

Table.4.7: Water Quality Monitoring Locations

Location Code Name of the Location Source of

Water

Direction from

Project Site

Distance

(km)

W 1 Project Site Bore well - -

W 2 Perambur Bore well NW 1.1

W3 Purasavakam Bore well SW 1.8

W4 Retteri Surface Water W 3.8

Figure 4.6: Water Sampling Locations

In most of the locations, the water supply is done by private tankers and bore wells. Totally about four

different water samples were collected from different locations as mentioned above. The results for

52


the parameters analyzed for ground water as well as one sample for the surface water are presented in

Table – 4.8.

Table - 4.8 Water Quality Result

S. No Parameters W1 W2 W3 W4

01 Temperature in °C 26.2 25.9 25.6 26.5

02 Turbidity in NTU 1.8 2.4 3.6 5.8

03 pH at 25°C 7.91 7.10 6.31 7.90

04 Electrical Conductivity in µmohs/Cm 2445 2911 1307 976

05 Total Dissolved Solids in mg/l 1428 1700 768 575

06 Magnesium as Mg in mg/l 28 59 19 19

07 Alkalinity as CaCO3 in mg/l 588 260 168 192

08 Chloride as Cl in mg/l 325 460 215 154

09 Dissolved Oxygen in mg/l 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.3

10 Biochemical Oxygen Demand @ 27

oC

for 3 Days Nil Nil Nil Nil

11 Chemical Oxygen Demand in mg/l BDL(DL:4.0) BDL(DL:4.0) BDL(DL:4.0) BDL(DL:4.0)

12 Sodium as Na in mg/l 498 429 170 122

13 Potassium as K in mg/l 12 20 24 9

14 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (as TKN) in mg/l BDL(DL:1.0) BDL(DL:1.0) BDL(DL:1.0) BDL(DL:1.0)

15 Sulphate as SO4 in mg/l 150 289 85 78

16 Chromium as Cr6

in mg/l BDL(DL: 0.03) BDL(DL: 0.03) BDL(DL: 0.03) BDL(DL:

0.03)

17 Copper as Cu in mg/l BDL(DL: 0.3) BDL(DL: 0.3) BDL(DL: 0.3) BDL(DL:

0.3)

18 Nickel as Ni in mg/l BDL(DL: 0.03) BDL(DL: 0.03) BDL(DL: 0.03) BDL(DL:

0.03)

19 Fluoride as F in mg./l 1.2 1.4 BDL(DL:0.1) BDL(DL:0.1)

20 Dissolved Phosphates BDL(DL:0.1) BDL(DL:0.1) BDL(DL:0.1) BDL(DL:0.1)

21 Iron as Fe in mg/l BDL(DL:0.1) BDL(DL:0.1) BDL(DL:0.1) BDL(DL:0.1)

22 Nitrate as NO3 in mg/l BDL(0.5) BDL(0.5) BDL(0.5) BDL(0.5)

4.6.5 Presentation of Results

Water bodies and watercourses in Study Area generally have high concentrations of humic material

originating from surrounding lands, resulting in elevated colour and dissolved organic carbon values.

Concentrations of total suspended solids are usually low in these waters. Major ion concentrations are

generally low to moderately low as indicated by conductivity values and total dissolved solids

concentrations. These waters are often soft, but have alkalinity levels indicating that they are not

53


susceptible to acid deposition. Nutrient concentrations are variable indicating the trophic status of

water bodies and watercourses likely range from oligotrophic to eutrophic.

These concentrations can be attributed to natural factors and do not indicate that water quality has

been compromised by any development activities in surrounding areas.

Some seasonal variability was observed in the water bodies sampled. Dissolved oxygen concentration

was generally higher during spring and pH was slightly elevated in late summer. Late summer colour

values tended to be slightly higher than values measured during the spring. Conductivity values

measured during spring were generally higher than summer values.

As seen from the above tables, the pH value of the groundwater samples ranges between 7.3 and 7.8.

The total dissolved solids in all the locations ranges between 430 and 700. The values of total

hardness in all the locations were in the range of 150 and 340. All the physicochemical parameters,

for which the water has been tested for, are in the maximum permissible limit as prescribed by IS

10500:1991.

4.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

The demands of an ever – increasing human population have jolted us into the realization that our

environment is precious, finite, and deteriorating. This realization came upon us at the very time great

numbers of people were experiencing tremendous benefits from our technologies, which have often

resulted in significant losses to the natural environment. The environment is composed of non-living

and living factors forming a network of inter-relationships that are easily disturbed by people. Within

the larger challenge of sustainable development lies the even greater challenge of the requirement of

environmentally sound equitable economic growth. Conservation, protection and preservation of the

environment have been the cornerstone of the Indian ethos, culture and traditions. It has been

enshrined in our constitution also, which is one of the first in the world to recognize the importance of

environmental conservation. As the constitution provides the framework for creating a welfare State,

it is incumbent on the authorities that the finite natural resources of the country be optimally utilized

without adversely affecting the health of the people or the environment.

4.7.1 Objectives

1. To carry out a systematic baseline survey of Flora and Fauna around 10 km radius of the study

area.

2. To list the plants and animals present in the study area as per the classifications of MOEF,

3. To identify the impacts of the proposed expansion activities on the plants and animals,

4. To evaluate the impacts of the proposed action, and to propose Environmental Management Plan.

4.7.2 Scope of the work

1. The study is required to be carried out as part of EIA study as per the guidelines of the Ministry of

Environment and Forests (MOEF) and State Pollution Control Board (SPCB).

2. The study should be based on the systematic field survey and secondary data (One season).

Flora

a) Area should be divided as core zone and buffer zone

b) Listing of all species (scientific and local names) found in the study area - 10 km. Radius.

c) Listing of species as per the following classifications:

i) Agricultural crops

ii) Commercial crops

iii) Plantation

iv) Natural vegetation

v) Grass lands

54


vi) Endangered species

vii) Endemic species

d) Based on the above findings Impacts of the proposed expansion.

e) Environmental Management plans to improve existing status of flora in the area.

Fauna

a) Core and Buffer zone divisions

b) Listing of all species in the study area of 10 km radius around the study area

c) Schedule for each species as per the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 and as amended

subsequently should also be furnished.

d) Zoological and local name of the species should be furnished

e) Listing of species should be classified as:

i) Endangered species

ii) Endemic species

iii) Migratory species

iv) Details of aquatic fauna

f) Presence of endangered and endemic species should be supplemented by density.

Based on the above findings, impacts of proposed expansion should also be assessed.

4.7.3 Biological Environment Assessment - Flora & Fauna

A habitat or an area comprises of different kinds of plants and animals within its boundary. The

distribution of flora and fauna in the given area represents the Biological portion of the environment

that includes, what is present in the study area, its value, and its response to impacts, description of

community uniqueness, the dominant species, and an evaluation of rare or endangered species. The

above studies were carried out using the standard methods proposed by John G. Rau and David C.

Wooten 1980. The detailed ecological assessment of the study area has been carried out with the

following objectives:

Identification of flora and fauna and their biodiversity within the study area

Preparation of checklist of species which also includes endangered, endemic and protected (both

floral and faunal categories)

Evaluation of impact of proposed project on flora and fauna of the area.

The ecological status of the study area has been assessed based on the following methodology:

Primary field surveys to establish primary baseline of the study area

Compilation of information available in published literatures and as obtained from Forest survey

of India, Botanical Survey of India and Zoological Survey of India.

Flora

The Study of flora involved intensive sample survey of vegetation in the project site and other

locations applying standard methods. To examine the trees and shrubs, quadrants of 25 x 25 m and for

herbs 2 x 2 m were laid. In each of the larger quadrants (i) Species (ii) their number, and (iii) Girth at

Breast Height (GBH), were measured. (Chaturvedi and Khanna, 1982).

Abundance, relative abundance, density and relative density of each species diversity and evenness

for each of the Zones were calculated using the numerical data (Ludwig and Reynolds 1988, Lande

1996, Smith and Wilson 1996). The standard statistical analysis, the normal frequency diagram and

distribution of plants in the study area were analyzed using the procedures of Raunkiaer, 1934. The

analysis carried out as per Raunkiaer‟s law of frequency classes provides the information on the

Heterogeneity and Homogeneity of plants and its pattern of distribution in the study area. The species

of vegetation found in each station were identified and listed according to their families, both in

dicotyledons and monocotyledons of the plant kingdom. The plant species were classified as per the

55


classifications of “Bentham and Hooker” and identified by using Gambles book on “Flora of Madras

Presidency” and Mathew‟s book on “Flora of the Tamil Nadu Carnatic”.

Fauna

Both direct and indirect observation methods were used to survey the fauna. Visual encounter

(search) method was employed to record vertebrate species. Additionally survey of relevant literature

was also done to consolidate the list of vertebrate fauna distributed in the area (Smith 1933-43, Ali

and Ripley 1983, Daniel 1983, Prater 1993, Murthy and Chandrasekhar 1988). Since birds may be

considered as indicators for monitoring and understanding human impacts on ecological systems

(Lawton 1996) attempt was made to gather quantitative data on the group by.

Point Survey Method: Observations were made in each site for 15 minutes duration.

Road Side Counts: The observer traveled by motor vehicles from site to site, all sightings were

recorded (this was done both in the day and night time). An index of abundance of each species was

also established.

Pellet and Track Counts: All possible animal tracks and pellets were identified and recorded (South

Wood, 1978).

Based on the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (WPA 1972, Anonymous. 1991, Upadhyay 1995,

Chaturvedi and Chaturvedi 1996) species were short-listed as Schedule II or I and considered herein

as endangered species. Species listed in Ghosh (1994) are considered as Indian Red List species.

Point Survey Method

Observations were made in each site for 15 minutes duration.

Road Side Counts

The observer traveled by motor vehicles from site to site, all sightings were recorded (this was done

both in the day and night time). An index of abundance of each Species was also established.

Pellet and Track Counts

All possible animal tracks and pellets were identified and recorded (South Wood, 1978). Based on

the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (WPA 1972, Anonyomous. 1991, Upadhyay 1995, Chaturvedi and

Chaturvedi 1996) species were short-listed as Schedule II or I and considered herein as endangered

species. Species listed in Ghosh (1994) are considered as Indian Red List species.

4.7.4 Description about the Study sites

Core Zone: The study was carried out in the core zone including the proposed site. The plain land

with small streams flow from north to south. There is Notable River of the study area; A Nallah

(Otteri Nallah) originates from south flows towards south and confluences with Buckingham Canal).

There are number of medium to minor irrigation tanks in the study area. Entire area is characterized

by Scrubby elements and the type of forest is Tropical Scrub forest. It is chiefly characterized by

Acacias and Prosopis community representing the Umbrella thorn forest.

Buffer Zone: The terrain of the area is undulating with mixed scrub vegetation. The entire area is

characterized by Scrubby elements and the type of forest is Tropical Scrub forest. It is chiefly

characterized by Acacias and Prosopis community representing the Umbrella thorn forest.

56


4.7.5 Assessment of Flora in the study area

Plant Communities

The Vegetation present within a defined area is termed as a plant community. This is determined by

the nature of the dominant species it contains. By the term dominant species or dominance it is

understood that species of plants having same life and growth, forms predominating in an area. A

systematic order of angiosperm families recorded in the study area is given in Table.4.10. The

distribution of vegetation at different sites, its density, dominance, frequency, Importance Value Index

(IVI), economic importance, and medicinal uses were studied and the results are given in the

following sections.

Table-4.10 Distribution of Vegetation in the Study Area

I. Agricultural Crops Nil

II. Plantation Nil

III. Natural Vegetation

a. Herbs Hemidesmus indicus, Carissa spinarum, Heteropogon contortus

b. Shrubs Stobilanthus, Dodonaea viscosa, Glycosmis pentaphylla, Ochna

squarrosa, Gmelina asiatica, Dodonaea viscosa,

c. Trees

Mimusops elengi, Diospyros ebenum, Strychnos nux vomia, Strychnos

potatorum, Diospyros chloroxylon, Syzygium cumini, Canthirum

decoccum, Ziziphus glaberrima, Acacia leucophloea, Catunaregam

spinosa, Buchanania lanzan, Sapinda emarginatus, Albizia amara, Albizia

lebbek, Tamarindus indica, Azadirachta indica, Borassus flabellifer,

Carissa carandas, Flacourtia indica, Diospyros ferrea,Grewia sp.,

Gymnosporia sp., Ixora arborea, Tarenna ascatica, Memecylon

umbellatum, Garcinia spicata, Diospyros ferrea, Ziziphus glaberrima,

Calliea cinerea, Catunaregam spinosa, Albiziz amara, Buchanania lanzan,

Acacia chundra, Allizia amara, Azaridachita indica, Cassia fistula,

Anogeissus latifolia, Randia dumentorum, Albizia odaratissma, Carisa

carandas, Strychnos nuxvomica, Dodonaea viscosa, Caasia auriculata,

Aristida setaca, Heteropogon contortus.

IV.Endangered Species Nil

V. Endemic Species Nil

VI. Medicinal Plants

Andrographis paniculata, Gymnema sylvestris, Ricinus communis,

Azadirachta indica, Ficus benghalensis, Moringa oleifera, Zizyphus

mauritiana, Solanum torvum, Trianthema portulacastrum, Wattakaka

volubilis, Sphaeranthus indicus, Heliotropium indicum, Cassia absus,

Cassia occidentalis, Terminalia arjuna, Mukia maderaspatana, Cyperus

rotundus, Euphorbia hirta, Phyllanthus emblica, Clitoria ternatea,

Pongamia pinnata, Coleus aromaticus, Leucas aspera, Ocimum sanctum,

Cinnamomum verum, Syzygium cumini, Cardiospermum halicacabum,

Solanum trilobatum, Vitex negundo.

Around the core zone the natural vegetation showed moderate growth. The core zone has herbaceous

and shrubby vegetation which are scarcely distributed.

Among natural vegetation the common herbs such as Croton, common grasses like Aristida hysterix,

Cynodon dactylon, were in the study areas. Less population of herbs were found in the core zone

when compared to the buffer zone.

57


Stratification

Stratification, or layering, is the occurrence of plants at different levels in a stand. The number of

strata above the ground varies according to the kind of community. The study sites are characterized

by scrub and deciduous elements with low thorny trees and predominant xerophytes vegetation. The

stratification in the study area is as follows:

Stratum 1 Grasses Aristida hysterix, Cynodon dactylon

Stratum 2 Herbs Crotons parviflora, Tephrosia purpurea, Indogofera spp.

Stratum 3 Shrubs Calotropis gigantea,

Stratum 4 Trees Azadiracta Indica

The above four strata were found in the entire field monitoring stations with equal representation.

This shows the life – forms of the area and its amplitude. This also reflects the light intensity,

temperature, and organic content of the soil and other factors of the area.

Periodicity (Phenology)

Periodicity refers to the regular seasonal occurrence of various processes such as photosynthesis,

growth, pollination, flowering and ripening of fruits and seeds; and the manifestations of the

processes, such as formation of leaves, elongation of shoots, appearance of flowers and dissemination

of seeds. This results from the inherent genetic characteristics of each species, under the influence of

a particular combination of the environmental conditions.

Periodicity means particularly the recurrence at certain times of these processes and their

manifestations, while phenology refers more to the appearance of the manifestations at certain seasons

of the year, rather than to their cyclic nature. The characteristic species of the scrub forests and other

dominant plants are in flowering and are well adapted to the seasonal changes in the physical

environment. Periodicity and Phenology is perfectly maintained in the study area among the various

species recorded during the survey.

Vitality (Vigor)

Vitality relates to the condition of plant and its capacity to complete the life cycle, while vigor refers

more specifically to the state of health or development within a certain stage. The studies carried out

at different sites reveals that the plant species found in the area are well-developed plants, which

regularly complete their life cycle.

Life form

The life form in a broad sense is meant the characteristic vegetative appearance such as the size,

shape, branching etc. The life form observed in the study area reveals that there are several

communities ranging from open grassland, succulent perennials (Opuntia sps. and Euphorbia sps),

and small annual plants. The kinds of life forms, the number of individuals of each kind and their

spacing gives a good structure to the community.

Quantitative Characteristics

The quantitative characteristics are the one, which can be readily measured. It includes density of the

plants, basal area dominance and frequency.

58


Relative density and dominance

The relative density and dominance values of different species found in the study are shows that the

dominant plants of various sites have a high percentage value of density and dominance. These

values are incorporated in calculating the Importance value Index.

Importance value Index (IVI)

The Importance Value Index (IVI) is an expression used to summarize the plant data; it is desirable to

use as many values as possible. The density of one species gives an idea of the number of plants in a

stand; the dominance gives an idea of relative degree to which a species predominate a community by

its numbers, size or biomass. Species that exerts the greatest control or influence in the community are

called „dominants‟. Plant dispersion over an area or within a community is another parameter;

frequency is the measure of species in a series of plots.

Frequency expresses the proportion of equal size sample plots in which at least one plant of that

species occur relative to the number of plots taken. Thus the IVI of species is the combination of

relative density, relative dominance and relative frequency values of a species added together to

obtain a single expression. Importance value Index (IVI). The Importance value allows quantitative

comparison of each species in a stand with the other species in the stand, or allows comparison of the

species in one stand with species in other stands.

IVI Values - Core Zone

S.

No. Scientific Name

Frequency Relative Relative Relative Relative IVI

Class Abundance Dominance Frequency Density

1 Adhatoda zeylanica D 2.6072 12.211 70 1.538 86.3562

2 Agave sisalana Perinne C 7.1203 2.358 60 8.221 77.6993

3 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. D 9.113 2.216 80 8.755 90.971

4 Aloe vera D 3.654 0.3234 80 5.5254 89.5028

5 Aristida hystrix E 3.4762 0.122 80 3.077 86.6752

6 Asparagus racemosus D 5.3763 0.012 70 4.386 79.7743

7

Azadirachta indica (L.) Adr.

Juss. A 4.3011 1.33 20 1.754 27.3851

8 Cocos nucifera L C 6.578 1.454 60 6.186 74.218

9 Emblica officinalis E 4.653 0.067 90 6.751 101.471

10 Euphorbia antiquorum L. B 17.3236 0.139 40 24.845 64.984

11 Euphorbia tircalli L. D 2.6333 0.318 80 9.029 89.347

12 Ficus benghalensis L. B 14.4578 2.34 40 8.889 51.229

13 Ficus religiosa L. E 4.3415 1.365 90 2.381 98.0875

14 Gloriosa superba E 1.2543 0.398 100 2.317 102.715

15 Indigofera soo B 5.7831 0.053 40 3.556 43.609

16 Ipomea auatica (L) R. Br. E 5.6242 0.165 90 2.823 98.6122

17 Jasmimunofficinalae L. E 5.7831 0.146 100 8.889 109.035

18 Mimosa pudica C 5.065 60.661 60 4.167 129.893

19 Morinda tinctoria B 6.737 0.009 30 7.246 37.255

20 Moringa olifera Lam. D 2.6333 0.005 80 4.966 84.971

21 Phyllanthus emblica L. C 3.8923 0.036 60 3.03 66.9583

22

Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb)

Benth. C 9.1303 1.858 60 8.333 79.3213

23 Pongamia pinnata L. D 3.8923 17.834 80 4.04 105.7663

Status of flora as per Raunkiaer’s frequency classes

59


Raunkiaer classified the occurrence of species in an area into five classes of frequency Class – A (1 to

20%), Class – B (21 to 40%) Class – C (41 to 60%) Class – D (61 to 80%) and Class – E (81 to 100).

The normal distribution of the frequency percentages derived from such classification is expressed as

A>B>C=D<E, and has been named Raunkiaer‟s “Law of Frequency”. The numbers of species falling

in the above five categories are given in the following tables. The ecological status of vegetation was

calculated using the Raunkiaer‟s normal frequency diagrams and the results are given in Table and

depicted in Fig. for core zone.

Ecological Status of Vegetation as per Raunkiaer’s Law

Dominant Species Status

Core Zone 0 – 3 Kms.

Adhatoda zeylanica, Agave sisalana Perinne,

Ailanthus excelsa Roxb, Aloe vera, Aristida

hystrix, Asparagus racemosus, Azadirachta

indica (L.) Adr. Juss. Cocos nucifera L,

Emblica officinalis,Euphorbia antiquorum

L.,Euphorbia tircalli L.,Ficus benghalensis

L,Ficus religiosa L, Br.,Jasmimunofficinalae

L,Mimosa pudica, Morinda tinctoria,

Moringa olifera Lam, Phyllanthus emblica

L, Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb) Benth,

Pongamia pinnata a L.

Heterogeneous

Fulfills Raunkiaer’s Law

Conclusions were made as per the Raunkiaer’s law on the basis of the following

(a) Whether the distribution of plants fulfils the Raunkiaer‟s law of frequency diagram, if it does not

fulfill then it indicates that the distribution of plant community is affected by human impact.

(b) A comment on the impact – whether the distribution is Homogeneous or Heterogeneous.

The result shows that, the distribution is Heterogeneous, in Core and Buffer zones thus fulfilling the

Raunkiaer‟s law. The Heterogeneity observed among the plant community in the Core and Buffer

zones reveals that, the characteristic species of scrub forests are dominant and occupies the class E.

They were recorded in all the stands used for this investigation showing the highest frequency; there

is a wide distribution of plant species observed in various stands. 100% Frequency were not recorded

for many characteristic species except for Prosopis juliflora and Acacia nilotica. Though, these two

species are dominant, the distribution of vegetation is heterogeneous in nature. The Heterogeneous

status indicates that there is no human impact in the core and buffer zones.

Habitat pattern

The environmental conditions with one kind of habitat exhibit variation from spot to spot. The

ecological amplitude of one or more of the species under consideration delimits the extent of a habitat.

The habitat pattern is associated with the environmental conditions; this has been very well

manifested in the study area. Though the topography is plain with some undulations here and there

the presence of scrub elements and deciduous species clearly shows the habitat pattern in this area.

60


Changes

The Changes from the initial establishment of vegetation on an area to the terminal climax community

are continuous. However, a given group of species will reach a peak of dominance at a certain stage

of the sequence. Then as the dominance of this group decreases, the dominance of another group of

species will develop to a maximum. This kind of change in dominant species have been observed in

the study area, among different transects. The Change from one stage to the subsequent stage may be

especially prominent where there is a change of life form of the dominant species. There is usually an

increase in productivity per unit area, in organic mass per unit area because of the presence of the

larger life forms, in complexity and diversity of species and life forms, and in the relative stability and

homogeneity of the populations. The soil and other aspects of the habitat will also undergo

progressive development.

Climax

The Climax community is the one in which no further directional change takes place under the

prevailing environmental conditions. This is the terminus of habitat and vegetation development. The

climax community of the study area is Azadiracta indica and the grass like Ariztida hystrix. The

climax community is in the steady state with respect to productivity structure and population, with the

dynamic balance of its populations dependent upon its respective site. The community has a

maximum diversity, relative stability and homogeneity of the species populations within and between

the stands of a given climax type. The given climax type is characterized in appearance within and

between stands.

Discussion on vegetation analysis

The interpretations based on the above analysis and the floristic composition reveals that, the

vegetation encountered in the study area is termed as the original characteristic of Thorn forests /

Scrub forests, Southern tropical dry deciduous forests, Northern mixed dry deciduous forests, and

tropical dry ever green forests. The core zone comprises of Residential, commercial and agricultural

and fallow lands.

The types of forest / vegetation found in the study area are Open scrub along with the representative

elements of the deciduous and dry ever green forest types. Physiognomically it occurs in the shape of

scrub woodland or thicket; the latter may be dense or discontinuous.

Floristically it is distinguished by some characteristic and preferential species (Braun Blanquet, 1932),

exclusively or mostly confined to this vegetation type, in relation to the types described by champion

(1936) and champion and Seth (1968).

Status of the plants

There is no endangered, threatened, or rare species of plants recorded in the study area.

4.7.6 Assessment of fauna in the study

The details of fauna found in core zone and buffer zone are given in the following Table 4.11.

Table-4.11: Fauna in the study area

S. NO. Common Name Scientific Name Status

BUTTERFLIES AND INSECTS

1 Common crow Euploea core core C

2 Grass yellow Terias hecabe C

3 Dragon fly Agrion sp & Petalura sp C

4 Grasshopper Hieroglyphus sp C

61


5 Termite Hamitermes silvestri C

6 Ant Monomorium indicum C

AMPHIBIANS

1 Common Indian Toad Bufo melanostictus C

REPTILES

1 Common Garden lizard Calotes versicolor C

2 Common skink Mabuya carinata C

BIRDS

1 Pond Heron Ardeola grayii C , R

2 Small Egret Egretta intermedia C , R

3 Pariah Kite Milvus migrans govinda C,R

4 Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus C, R

5 Shikra Accipiter badius C, R

6 Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis C, R

7 RoseRingedParakeet Psittacula krameri C, R

8 Pied Crested Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus C, R

9 Koel Eudynamys scolopacea C, R

10 Spotted Owlet Athene brama C , R

11 Palm Swift Cypsiurus parvus C , R

12 Whitebreasted Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis C, R

13 Green Bee-Eater Merops orientalis C, R

14 Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis C, R

15 Lesser Golden Backed Woodpeker Dinopium benghalense C , R

16 Black Drango Dicrurus adsimilis C , R

17 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis C, R

18 Indian Tree Pie Dendrocitta vagabunda C, R

19 House Crow Corvus splendens C, R

20 Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos C, R

21 Common Wood Shrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus C , R

22 Redvented Bul Bul Pycnonotus cafer C, R

23 White headed Babbler Turdoides affinis C, R

24 House Sparrow Passer domesticus C, R

MAMMALS

1 Indian Palm squirrel Funambulus palmarum C, R

2 Indian pipistrella Pipistrellus coromandra C, R

C - Common M -Migrant R -Resident

Based on the above tables, the following observations were made:

Invertebrates

The insects in the study area are interrelated with each other and other organisms. They are in perfect

balance in their existence. Some of them act as pests, while others are useful and beneficial to the

environment and human beings.

Pisces

The lentic and lotic systems represent common fishes which supports the local people during the

seasons. Since the 5 km radius us covered by Nesavalar Nagar Lake and Bay of Bengal sea most of

fishing activities is takes place along the area.

62


Amphibians

The toads and frogs were the amphibians recorded in the study area. Many of them were seen along

the Lentic water system and other areas.

Reptiles

The reptiles recorded in the study area include lizards, and snakes.

Birds

Birds play an important role in understanding the ecological balance and its interrelationships. The

occurrence of birds in various locations largely depends on the site characteristics and their presence

in different study sites reveals that there is a good relationship between the birds and other organisms

and the environment. The maintenance of the eco-balance could be seen in the selected study areas.

Mammals

The distribution of mammals is largely dependent upon the environment of the respective areas. The

mammals present in the study area include Mongoose, Indian palm Squirrel, etc. These mammals are

spread over the study area.

4.8 SOCIO ECONOMIC AND HEALTH ENVIRONMENT

The industrial growth and infrastructure development in an area bound to create its impact on the

socio-economic aspects of the local population of the area experiencing development. The impacts

may be positive or negative depending upon the developmental activity. To assess the anticipated

impacts of the area as a whole and industrial growth on the socio-economic aspects of people, it is

necessary to study the existing socio-economic status of the local population, which will be helpful

for making efforts to further improve the quality of life in the area under study. The methodology

adopted for the study was based on comparing the results of the following:

Information gathered from site visit; and

Review of secondary data (such as District Primary Census Hand Book 2001 of Thiruvallur districts

etc.) for the study area in and around 10-km radius area of the existing industry;

The characteristics encompassed by this study include size, growth rate, density, vital statistics, and

distribution of a specified population. Births, deaths and migration are the „big three‟ of demography,

jointly producing population stability or change. A population‟s composition may be described in

terms of basic demographic features – age, sex, family and household status – and by features of the

population‟s social and economic context – ethnicity, religion, language, education, occupation,

income and wealth. Demography is a central component of societal contexts and social change. The

current assessment of the demographic pattern would be very useful for understanding social and

economic problems and identifying potential solutions. The Demographic structure of the study area

was taken from the secondary data collected from the District Primary Census Handbooks 2001. The

demographic assessment carried out through the secondary sources is given in following table.

Total Population:

The population details of the study area are given below.

Total Population in the Study Area : 2,754,756

Total Male Population in the Study Area : 13, 97,407

Total Female Population in the Study Area : 13, 57,349

63


The average sex ratio of the study area : 971 Females / 1000 Males

In the study area, Perambur had the first largest population of 1,006,898. The sex ratio of Perambur of

Purasawalkam - Perambur (1013 females/1000 males) was the highest in the study area, whereas

the sex ratio of the Ayanavaram of Purasawalkam - Perambur (886 females/1000 males) was the

least.

SC and ST Population:

The average SC population in the study area is around 44% and the percentage of ST population in

the study area is 1.3%.

The highest SC proportion to the total population was observed in Perambur of Purasawalkam -

Perambur Taluk (93.9%) and it was nil in two villages of the study area. The highest proportion of

ST population to the total population was observed in Ayanavaram of Purasawalkam – Perambur

Taluk (23.2%) and it was nil in eight villages of the study area.

Households:

The average details of the study area are given below.

Total number of households in the study area : 633033

The average number of households per village : 671

Average Household size in the study area : 4.4

Perambur Village of Purasawalkam – Perambur Taluk had the largest household size with 5.0

persons per household and Ayanavaram of Purasawalkam – Perambur Taluk with the household

size of 2.3 was the smallest.

Literacy and Occupation:

Average literacy rate of the study area : 76.9 %

Average female literacy rate in the study area : 43.8 %

Percentage of workers in the study area : 37.7 %

Percentage of female workers in the study area : 25.9 % of total female population

The methodology adopted for the present study is the review of secondary data (2011 Census and

District Statistical Handbook) with respect to population, occupational structure and infrastructure

facilities available in the region in 10 km radius area. The information on socio-economic aspects of

the study area will be compiled from various other secondary sources, which include public offices,

semi-government and government agencies.

4.8.1 Demography and Settlements

The entire area covered in the proposed project site is virtually a vacant land with no inhabitation or

any activities. The area is devoid of any hutments or activities and hence the issue of any impact on

socio – economic scenario in this core zone does not arise. All the areas in the buffer zone are

moderately developed areas falling within 10 km radius form the proposed construction project.

4.8.2 Infrastructure facilities in the proposed area

Educational Facilities

64


All the area in the buffer zone has adequate educational facilities. Most of the villages in the buffer zone

have got educational facility up to primary level. In the entire area, the primary, middle and high

schools, colleges and polytechnics are listed below in Table 4.12.

Table-4.12 List of Educational Institutions

S.No. Description Total

1 Primary school 72

2 Middle school 54

3 High school 86

4 Higher secondary school 61

5 Arts and Science Colleges 33

6 Engineering Colleges 29

7 Polytechnics 12

Water Supply

Ground water through open and bore wells are the major source of protected water supply in the

district. Water supply to these wards is also supplied through tanker Lorries. Water supply system in

case of rural areas is common wells and public water supply system maintained by municipality. The

other major resource is groundwater from wells and tube wells spread all across the area. The study

reveals that all the villages have adequate drinking water facilities from ground water sources that

include wells, deep bore wells, water supplied by Govt. Agencies and hand pumps.

Transport

The development of transport and communications system is an important factor for the proposed

development. The availability and coverage of transport and communication system invites industries

to cluster in one area, even if some other difficulties are there. The City is well connected by roads

with the adjoining urban center, Chennai and, Chengalpattu. The Kancheepuram district has a

combination of two modes of transport within the city. Metropolitan Rapid transport system (MRTS)

and Metropolitan transport Corporation buses. The city also has a fleet of three wheelers for hire,

called Auto rickshaws. They are the most economical mode of hired transport. There is a choice of

independent taxis and private tourist cabs in the city.

Power

Electricity is one of the most vital infrastructure inputs. Fairly well developed infrastructure and

comfortable power situation offer significant competitive advantages to Tamilnadu. All the villages in

the zone have electric power supply, which is mainly used for Domestic purposes. While some

portions in the study area utilize the electric power supply for Agricultural use and industrial uses.

Port facilities and Airports

Chennai has an all-weather harbour with modern container facilities.

Chennai port which endeared itself to the progress of Indian industries and economy is one of the best

in the country. Chennai port is ahead of trade in creating facilities for India‟s International Trade and

Commerce. It is a versatile port with facilities to handle liquid bulk, dry bulk, neo bulk, break-bulk

and containers in a quick, efficient and modern way. It is a port with Deepest Draft in the country.

The Chennai Port is well aware and responsive to the problems of shipping, ware housing and

distribution. Besides the existing major sea port, a new satellite port with facilities for bulk cargo

handling is being built at Ennore, 30 km away from Chennai to ease the congestion at Chennai port.

Chennai has an international airport with more than 60 direct flights every week to more than 15

65


countries in Europe and Far Eastern countries. And it has also a domestic airport with flights daily to

different parts of the country.

Medical facilities

Human development and enhancing the quality of life of the people are the ultimate objectives of all

activities. Health is the vital ingredient of all developmental activities. The Study area has well

equipped hospitals to handle the health related problems and to promote positive health. Table-4.13

below shows the healthcare infrastructure of the study area.

Table – 4.13: Details of Healthcare Facilities

Type of Healthcare Institution Numbers present in study area

Government General Hospitals 2

Urban Health Posts 7

Voluntary Health Organizations 12

Approved Nursing Homes 6

Post Partum Centers 2

Government Siddha Hospitals 1

Government Homeopathy Hospitals 3

Religion, Fairs and Festivals

Various religious groups consisting of Hindus, Muslims, and Christians inhabit the study area. Hindus

and Christians are the predominant religious groups followed by Muslims. The population consists of

many communities and castes that live in good harmony in the study area. Fairs and festivals are held

in the different parts of the study area throughout the year.

4.8.3 Economic Aspects

Chennai is the biggest industrial and commercial centre in South India, and a major cultural,

economic and educational centre. Chennai is known as the "Detroit of India" for its automobile

industry. Chennai has been occupying an important position in the southern region ever since it was

founded by the East India Company in the 17th century. Its importance in the region can be attributed

to the fact that till recently it has been the major commercial, administrative and military center for the

entire south. The contribution of port and laying the trunk railway lines and other major highways

radiating from it, linking the major cities in India and vast hinterland have strengthened its pre-

eminent position especially during the British period. The population of Chennai city was half a

million during the initial period of 20th century, 1901. The city had doubled its population in 60 years

from 3.23 lakh in 1871 to 6.47 lakh in 1931. The electrification of railway line from Beach to

Tambaram created another dimension for the development of industries. The period between 1947 to

2001 has seen unprecedented spatial growth of the city required largely by post independence

industrialization, liberalization, privatization and globalization. Apart from the large and heavy

industries in the public sector such as Integral Coach Factory, Heavy Vehicles Factory, the Manali

Refinery, Fertilizers several automobiles and ancillary industries were also established. The

development of two industrial estates namely, Guindy and Ambattur also quantified the development

to a faster speed. Now Chennai's economy has a broad industrial base in the automobile, computer,

technology, hardware manufacturing and healthcare sectors. As of 2012, the city is India's second

largest exporter of information technology (IT) and business process outsourcing (BPO) services.

4.8.4 Cultural Heritage

The Greater Chennai region has a rich cultural heritage of languages, arts and tradition. Hindus form

the majority of Chennai's population but the city also has substantial Muslim and Christian minorities.

66


As per the 2001 census, Hindus formed 81.3 percent of the total population while Muslims made up

9.4 percent and Christians, 7.6 percent. Hinduism is the native faith of Chennai. The temples towns of

Mylapore, Triplicane, Thiruvottiyur, Saidapet and Thiruvanmiyur, which are now part of Chennai

city, had been visited by the Saivite saints called Nayanmars. The saint Vayilar Nayanar was born and

brought up in Mylapore

The majority of the population in Chennai are Tamils. Tamil is the primary language spoken in

Chennai. English is spoken largely by white-collar workers, often mixed into Tamil. Telugus form the

majority among the non-Tamil communities. In 2001, out of the 2,937,000 migrants (33.8% of its

population) in the city, 61.5% were from other parts of the state, 33.8% were from rest of India and

3.7% were from outside the country. Chennai, along with Mumbai and Delhi and Kolkata, is one of a

few Indian cities which is home to a diverse population of ethno-religious communities.

4.8.5 Aesthetic Aspects

The project site overlooks the Korattur Lake and offers a beautiful overlook of the lake. The sites

roads, walkways, footpaths are all well planned and designed to increase the aesthetic appeal of the

site and its natural surroundings.

4.8.6 Communications and Transportation

Chennai is one of the four cities in India through which the country is connected with the rest of the

world through undersea fibre-optic cables, the other three being Mumbai, Kochi, and Tuticorin. The

city is the landing point of major submarine telecommunication cable networks such as SMW4

(connecting India with Western Europe, Middle East and Southeast Asia), i2i (connecting India with

Singapore), TIC (connecting India with Singapore), and BRICS (connecting India with Russia, China,

South Africa, Brazil and the United States). The 3,175-km-long, 8-fiber-paired i2i has the world's

largest design capacity of 8.4 terabits per second.

The Chennai-Tiruvallur High Road (CTH Road or NH205) passes through Ambattur and the Chennai-

Kolkata highway is just about 7 km from the place making it a strategic location. On an average,

about 40,000 passenger car units use the CTH Road. The Perambur bus terminus is located adjacent to

the MTH Road and has MTC (city buses) connecting Perambur with various points in Chennai city. A

lot of buses from Vyasarpadi and the outskirts of Chennai also pass through Permabur, offering good

connectivity.

4.8.7 Traffic Study

Traffic assessment of the road abutting the project site (i.e., Stephenson road) was carried out to

estimate the peak traffic load. The existing traffic load during the morning and evening peak hours

were studied and the vehicle counts were categorized under different heads. The different categories

of vehicular load were converted to PCU equivalents by applying the respective “M” factors. The

peak traffic load in terms of PCUs was arrived and the incremental traffic due to the project was

worked out. This projected traffic load (incremental) was compared with the standard carrying

capacity of the existing road. It was observed that the ratio between Volume and Capacity (V/C ratio)

was well within the limits. Hence the impact of the traffic due to the proposed project is insignificant.

The detail of the traffic assessment is presented below.

67


Traffic Survey Data Sheet

Project: “SPR – Binny” SPR Construction Pvt. Ltd,

Location: Stephenson Road

Date of Survey: 25-06-2016 Direction of Flow (Lane): Both (2 Lane – 2 Way Traffic)

Time

Two

Wheelers

(Motor cycle,

Scooter etc.)

Three

Wheelers

(Autorickshaw,

motorised

carts etc.)

Four

Wheelers

(Passenger

cars, Pickup

vans etc.)

Six

Wheelers

(Light

commercial

vehicles,

Trucks &

Buses etc.)

Bicycles Others

(Carts etc)

Morning Peak

07.00 - 07.30 Hrs 196 76 79 18 12 0

07.30 - 08.00 Hrs 206 81 86 21 28 2

08.00 - 08.30 Hrs 204 68 96 26 24 0

08.30 - 09.00 Hrs 223 42 120 31 19 2

09.00 - 09.30 Hrs 236 48 123 34 21 1

09.30 - 10.00 Hrs 287 36 111 32 23 0

10.00 - 10.30 Hrs 304 41 101 31 17 2

10.30 - 11.00 Hrs 248 43 84 28 11 1

Item Total 1904 435 800 221 155 8

Total Number of Vehicles 3523

Percentage

Composition 54 12 23 6 4 0.2

M. Factor 0.75 1.2 1 3.7 0.5 2

PCU 1428 522 800 818 77 16

Total No. of PCUs (For 4 Hrs) 3661

Total No. of PCUs/Hr (Avg.) 915

Time

Two Wheelers

(Motor cycle,

Scooter etc.)

Three Wheelers

(Autorickshaw,

motorised carts

etc.)

Four Wheelers

(Passenger

cars, Pickup

vans etc.)

Six Wheelers

(Light

commercial

vehicles,

Trucks &

Buses etc.)

Bicycles Others

(Carts etc)

Evening Peak

16.00 - 16.30 Hrs 188 64 96 21 10 0

16.30 - 17.00 Hrs 204 74 101 28 19 1

17.00 - 17.30 Hrs 226 83 113 32 23 2

17.30 - 18.00 Hrs 285 73 121 39 32 0

18.00 - 18.30 Hrs 309 64 128 31 34 0

18.30 - 19.00 Hrs 314 59 114 24 19 0

19.00 - 19.30 Hrs 274 67 104 20 17 0

19.30 - 20.00 Hrs 256 65 98 14 11 0

Item Total 2056 549 875 209 165 3

Total Number of Vehicles 3857

Percentage 53 14 23 5 4 0.07

68


Composition

M. Factor 0.75 1.2 1 3.7 0.5 2

PCU 1542 658 875 773 82 6

Total No. of PCUs (For 4 Hrs) 3936

Total No. of PCUs/Hr (Avg.) 984

Existing Traffic Load

in road in PCUs/Hr

Increase in

Vehicular

Population

due to

Proposed

Development

Estimated Future

Traffic Volume in

PCUs/Hr (V)

Capacity of Existing

Road in PCUs per Hour

as per IRC 106-1990 (C)

V/C

Ratio

MP- 915

EP-984

398 PCUs/Hr MP- 1313

EP- 1382

1500 PCU 0.92

Based on the estimated increase in vehicular traffic from the proposed project, adequacy rate has been

calculated for the proposed site. It is concluded that, V/C ratio is less than 0.60 hence there will not be

significant impact due to the increase in traffic volume.

69


5.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 5.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents the assessment of various impacts due to the proposed construction project in

the study area. Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or

secondary. Primary impacts are those, which are attributed directly by the project and secondary

impacts are those, which are indirectly induced and typically include the changed patterns of social

and economic activities by the proposed project. The Proposed construction project would create

impact on the environment in two distinct phases:

Impacts during the construction phase

Impacts during the operation phase

The construction and operational phase of the proposed construction project comprises of various

activities each of which will have impact on some or other environmental parameters. Various

impacts during the construction or operational phase and the environmental parameters have been

studied to estimate the impacts on environment. The identification and details on impact of the

project activity on each of the above environmental attributes are discussed below.

5.2 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS

Construction of residential and commercial complexes is for the benefit of general population,

however, like any other projects, it also has impacts on existing Environmental settings and if not

properly evaluated and controlled, it may lead to imbalances. These could be reversible, irreversible,

temporary or permanent.

The identification of impacts is important as it leads to the other elements such as quantification and

evaluation of impacts. Although a number of non-projects related impacts have been identified while

describing the existing (baseline) environmental status, it is necessary at this stage to identify the

types of the potential impacts which might be caused by the proposed development. Many techniques

are available for identification of impacts. In case of this project, the "Matrix Method" was adopted,

which involves an understanding of the cause-condition-effect relationship between an activity and

environmental parameters. It is very useful as gross screening tool for impact identification method.

This method has been basically advantageous in recognizing the series of impacts that could follow

from the proposed activities. The idea was to account for the project activity and identify the types of

impacts that could initially occur. This process was repeated until all possible types of impacts were

identified. With this method the potential impact of the proposed project has been identified.

5.3 IMPACT EVALUATION

Impact evaluation assesses the expected changes in the environment due to the proposed project. It is

the tool for identifying the magnitude of impact and forms basis for the development of

Environmental Management Plan. Weightage for each impact is given below. Evaluation of impacts

considering both positive and negative effects on air, noise, land, water and socioeconomic

environment during the construction and operation phase of the project is given in Table 5.1 and 5.2

respectively.

70


Table 5.1 Evaluation Of Construction Phase Impact

Environment

al Parameter

Project

Activities

Impact

Type

Sig

nif

ican

t

No

n S

ign

ific

ant

Dir

ect

Ind

irec

t

Sh

ort

Ter

m

Lo

ng

Ter

m

Un

avo

idab

le

Irre

ver

sib

le

Mit

igat

ion

Req

uir

ed

Weight

age

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

AIR

ENVIRON

MENT

Site Clearance &

Leveling Negative √ √ √ √ √ -4

Site excavation Negative √ √ √ √ √ -4

Foundation

(Shallow

Foundation)

Negative √ √ √ √ 0

Material Storage

& Handling Negative √ √ √ √ √ -4

Generation and

disposal of

construction

waste

Negative √ √ √ -4

Vehicular

Movement Negative √ √ √ -4

Labour‟s Camp No

Impact -

Public Health &

Safety

No

Impact -

Economic

Activity

No

Impact -

NOISE

ENVIRON

MENT

Site Clearance &

Leveling Negative √ √ √ 0

Site excavation Negative √ √ √ -4

Foundation

(Shallow

Foundation)

Negative √ √ √ √ -4

Material Storage

& Handling Negative √ √ -1

Generation and

disposal of

construction

waste

No

Impact -

Vehicular


Labour‟s Camp No

Impact -

Public Health &

Safety

No

Impact -

Economic

Activity

No

Impact -

LAND

ENVIRON

MENT

Site Clearance &

Leveling

No

Impact -

Site excavation No

Impact -

Foundation

(Shallow

Foundation)

Negative √ √ -1

71


Material Storage

& Handling Negative √ √ √ √ -4

Generation and

disposal of

construction

waste

Negative √ √ -4

Vehicular


Labour‟s Camp No

Impact -

Public Health &

Safety

No

Impact -

Economic

Activity

No

Impact -

WATER

ENVIRON

MENT

Site Clearance &

Leveling Negative √ √ √ -2

Site excavation No

Impact -

Foundation

(Shallow

Foundation)

No

Impact -

Material Storage

& Handling Negative √ √ √ √ -4

Generation and

disposal of

construction

waste


Vehicular

Movement Negative √ √ 0

Labour‟s Camp Negative √ √ √ √ -4

Public Health &

Safety

No

Impact -

Economic

Activity

No

Impact -

SOCIO

ECONOMI

C

ENVIRON

MENT

Site Clearance &

Leveling Negative √ √ √ √ -2

Site excavation Negative √ √ √ √ -2

Foundation

(Shallow

Foundation)


Material Storage

& Handling Negative √ √ √ 0

Generation and

disposal of

construction

waste


Vehicular

Movement Negative √ √ √ √ -2

Labour‟s Camp Negative √ √ √ √ -2

Public Health &

Safety Positive √ √ √ 6

Economic

Activity Positive √ √ √ 6

72


Table 5.2 Evaluation of Operation Phase Impact

Environm

ental

Parameter

Project

Activities

Impact

Type

Sig

nif

ican

t

No

n S

ignif

ican

t

Dir

ect

Ind

irec

t

Sh

ort

Ter

m

Lo

ng

Ter

m

Un

avo

idab

le

Irre

ver

sib

le

Mit

igat

ion

Req

uir

ed

Weig

htage

OPERATION PHASE

AIR

ENVIRO

NMENT

Occupancy No Impact -

Operation of

DG Sets Negative √ √ √ √ -8

Sewage

Generation &

Discharge

Negative √ √ 0

Rainwater

Harvesting No Impact -

Solid waste

Generation Negative √ √ √ -6

Gardening &

Landscaping Positive √ √ √ 10

NOISE

ENVIRO

NMENT

Occupancy No Impact -

Operation of


Sewage

Generation &

Discharge

No Impact --

Rainwater

Harvesting No Impact -

Solid waste

Generation No Impact -

Gardening &


LAND

ENVIRO

NMENT

Occupancy Negative √ √ 0

Operation of

DG Sets Negative √ √ √ 0

Sewage

Generation &

Discharge


Rainwater

Harvesting Positive √ √ √ 8

Solid waste

Generation Negative √ √ √ √ -8

Gardening &


WATER

ENVIRO

NMENT

Occupancy Negative √ √ √ √ -8

Operation of


Sewage

Generation &

Discharge

Negative √ √ √ √ √ -8

73


Rainwater


Solid waste

Generation Negative √ √ 0

Gardening &


SOCIO

ECONOM

IC

ENVIRO

NMENT

Occupancy Positive √ √ √ 10

Operation of


Sewage

Generation &

Discharge


Rainwater


Solid waste

Generation Negative √ √ √ -6

Gardening &


5.4 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT


Impacts of construction activities on air quality are cause for concern mainly in the dry months due to

dust particles. The main sources of emission during the construction period are the movement of

equipment at site and dust emitted during the leveling, grading, earthworks, and other construction

related activities. The dust emitted during the above mentioned activities depend upon the type of soil

being excavated. However, the impact will be for short duration and confined locally to the

construction site. The composition of dust in this kind of operation is, however, mostly inorganic and

non-toxic in nature.

The impact of such activities would be temporary and restricted to the construction phase. The impact

will be confined within the project boundary and is expected to be negligible outside the plant

boundaries. Proper upkeep and maintenance of vehicles, sprinkling of water on roads and construction

site are some of the measures that would greatly reduce the impacts during the construction phase.

Thus, it is inferred that no significant impacts are expected on the overall ambient air quality due to

the proposed construction activities.

Transportation and Storage of Construction Materials:

Transportation of heavy machinery and building materials implies heavy traffic on the roads leading

to the site with possible negative impacts to the surrounding area (dust, spillage, emissions and noise).

Transportation of construction materials as well as improper storage of building materials, especially

gravel, sand and cement in the construction site will lead to inadvertent dispersal of materials during

heavy rain or high wind during dry periods. Measures will be adopted for proper handling of

construction materials to reduce the negative impact.


The existing atmospheric air quality in the proposed project site and its surroundings are well and

values of the pollutants PM2.5, PM10, NOx and SO2 are within the limits prescribed by the central

pollution control board.

74


There is no major pollutant envisaged from the proposed development. It is likely that the air quality

may be affected slightly due to the emissions from the vehicular movement. The emission from DG

sets will be very negligible since it will be used only during power cut in the necessary area. However

in the case of DG sets the stack will be properly designed to meet the stipulations of CPCB. These

emissions will be insignificant and the environmental pollutant levels will be maintained within the

prescribed limits. Hence there shall not be any adverse impact on the air environment around the

proposed Residential Complex.

5.5 IMPACT ON AMBIENT NOISE


During the construction noise levels will increase due to use of machinery and heavy vehicles in the

project area. In terms of noise emission; demolition, excavation and construction work can be divided

into two phases, namely (1) Demolition and Earthworks and (2) building works. Loading and

unloading of construction materials, fabrication, handling of equipment and material, operation of

power shovels etc. will be the major source of noise during the construction phase. Various

construction activities will cause short-term noise impact in the immediate vicinity of the project site.

The areas affected are those close to the site and hence the impacts are localized. At the peak of the

construction, marginal increase in noise levels is expected to occur. The peak noise levels from

continuous construction activity may be as high as 80 - 90 dB (A). The noise control measures during

construction phase shall restrict the noise levels to lower levels. Hence the overall impact on the

ambient noise levels will not be significant.


There will not be any major impact from noise. This is because no equipment or other infrastructure

facility in the project generates noise more than 50-60 dB (A). However, the only noise generation

source is the DG set. The promoters have decided to adopt adequate steps to maintain the noise levels

within the prescribed limits. For the same all the DG facility will be sound insulated and acoustic

proofing will be done in the places where these DG sets are installed.

Traffic Noise:

Traffic would be induced during both construction and operation phase of the project. Vehicles

associated with construction would generate intermittent noise throughout the vicinity of the proposed

action. In the operation phase, vehicular parking is being provided in the basement, ground floor and

first floor of the building where noise levels are expected to increase substantially during the peak

hours due to starting, idling and roaring of vehicles.

5.6 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

No blasting is envisaged during construction phase of the project. The rehabilitation and resettlement

issues are not involved in the project. Furthermore the existing environmental conditions of the

project site reveal that the land is not contaminated or polluted.

The upper/top level of soil will be affected during construction phase but this will be limited to a

portion of the project area. Also the impact due to exploitation of ground water is insignificant in the

site due to the sourcing of water from other sources during the operation phases. Hence there will not

be any adverse impact on the surrounding land use during the construction period as well as during

the operation phase.

75


5.7 IMPACT ON WATER RESOURCES


The required water quantity for construction will be utilized from the available resource in the project

area. Impact on water quality during construction phase may be due to non-point discharges of

sewage generated from the construction work force, stationed at the site. Construction activities for

the proposed development can have minor impact on hydrology and ground water quality of

the area if the construction waste leaches into ground.

Potential sources of impacts on the hydrology and ground water quality during the construction phase

would be soil runoff, improper disposal of construction debris, spillage of oil and grease from the

vehicles and wastewater stream generated from on site activities such as vehicles washing, workshop

etc. Precautions and preventive measure will be taken at the site during construction to avoid any

ground and surface water contamination hence the overall impact on water environment during

construction phase due to proposed project is likely to be insignificant.


The proposed project requires 826 KLD of water to meet the entire common and per capita

requirements. The water will be sourced from CMWSSB. The total quantity of wastewater generation

is likely to be 1377 KLD. No impact from wastewater, this is because the sewage generated will be

treated and recycled within the project components for flushing and gardening. The excess treated

sewage will be discharged to CMWSSB sewer lines. Therefore, surface and subsurface contamination

due to treated wastewater will not be envisaged.

5.8 IMPACTS DUE TO WASTE DISPOSAL

5.8.1 Stacking and Disposal of Construction Materials

Stacking of construction materials will be confined to the project site only and also temporary sheds

will be provided to store the materials, hence no impacts on surrounding area will be envisaged. Solid

wastes generated due to proposed project during construction phase include sand, gravel, stone,

bricks, plastic, paper, wood, metal and glass. During the construction, wastes would be generated at

the rate of 40-60 kg/Sq. mt. Recyclables will be sent to authorized recyclers. Hence there is no

significant impact due to waste disposal during the construction phase.


The solid waste generated from the project will be collected daily and moved to a common temporary

storage facility by the staff dedicated for waste collection. The collected Solid waste will be

composted by using an Organic Waste Converter and used for greenbelt development.

5.9 IMPACTS ON ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES


The impact of construction activities will be primarily confined to the project site. The project site is a

vacant land and devoid of any vegetation. Thus the site development work will not lead to any

significant loss of any important plant species. Deposition of fugitive dust on leaves of nearby

vegetation may lead to temporary reduction of photosynthesis. Such impacts will, however, be

confined mostly to the initial period of construction phase. Hence the proposed development will not

lead to habitat destruction, fragmentation or vegetation damage.

76



No wastewater will be discharge into the surface water stream. Hence, there will not be any impact on

the aquatic ecology. Also the proposed project is to be located in an earmarked residential zone,

which does not have any natural park or sanctuary or forest area in the immediate vicinity. The flora

and fauna pattern in the area will not be disturbed due to the project. Hence the overall impact on

ecological resources due to proposed project is likely to be insignificant. Moreover the entire project

area would be landscaped with variety of plants.

5.10 IMPACT ON TRAFFIC LEVELS


The movement of construction equipments will be mostly within the site during the project. Vehicles

bringing in raw materials like sand, cement and aggregate materials will be moving into the site from

outside, which will be strictly controlled and monitored as per the traffic rules, to avoid any sort of

disturbance to the traffic and safety of the surrounding areas. Hence the impact due to the vehicular

movement during the construction phase would be minor or insignificant.


Based on the vehicular density observed during the traffic survey conducted on the main roads around

the proposed site, the existing infrastructure is capable of taking up additional traffic loads. Also the

project is to be executed phase wise; the increase in traffic will be easily handled by the existing as

well as the future improvements in the transportation infrastructure. Hence there will not be any

impact on the traffic pattern and density.

5.11 IMPACTS ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The proposed software development complex will be open to members of all communities and castes.

The above measure will encourage mixing of different caste people for their respective festivals and

occasions. This will improve the social welfare and brotherhood among the various communities and

castes. The state of the art facilities proposed in the development is planned to cater the needs of the

people working in the proposed development which would be able to provide healthy working

atmosphere. Hence it is obvious to assume that the activities of the proposed development will

produce some positive impacts in the socio-economic status of the area.

5.11.1 Public Health and Safety

As the project is only a construction of software development complex and all the construction

activities are confined to the project site, no health related impact would be envisaged within the

project area. The people engaged in the construction activities will be directly exposed to dust

generation, which is likely to cause health related impact. Appropriate mitigation measures like

spraying of water will be adopted to minimize dust emission in the construction site. Laborers will be

provided with suitable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as required under the health and safety

norms. Regular health checkups will be organized.

5.11.2 Positive Impact

The project will facilitate maximum participation of the local work force for construction process; this

will benefit the local economy, improvement in economic activity and enhancement in earning

opportunities for the local population. The operation of the project and other allied facilities will

improve the employment opportunities. The project will provide direct and indirect employment. The

employment will have positive impact on the local economy thereby increasing the quality of life. The

proposed rainwater recharge facility will augment the ground water level in the project area.

77


6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Environmental impact checklists combine the assessment of individual impacts with a checklist of

probable impacts for a project. The following five environmental components have been considered

for the purpose of assessment and evaluation of the environmental impact due to the proposed

complex.

· Air Environment

· Noise Environment

· Water Environment

· Land Environment

· Socio Economic Environment

6.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT

Land development activities may lead to the generation of dust. Foundation work would require pile

driving using heavy machinery, which may produce gaseous pollutants. Construction work will

involve excavation and concreting etc. All these activities may give rise to dust, resulting in air

pollution. The structural work will involve steelwork, concrete work, masonry work etc. and

construction equipment like concrete mixers, hoists, and welding sets etc. will be used. These

activities at times produce air contaminants.

The dust generated during the activities will be of low magnitude and will be settable in nature. The

quantum of any gaseous pollution is insignificant. The impact due to such emissions is expected to be

confined within the close vicinity of the proposed construction site. The impact will, however, be

marginal, reversible and short term. During the operation of the complex no significant sources of

gaseous pollution are expected. Only at the time of power cut, DG sets will be operated with required

height of stack for adequate dispersion of gaseous pollutants as per the guidelines of the

environmental standards.

Air Environment: In general, the proposed Complex will have a short term, marginal reversible and

localized impact on air quality in the neighborhood during the construction phase and insignificant

impact during operational phase.

6.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

During the construction phase, different types of plant and machinery will be deployed resulting at

times an increase in noise levels at the construction site. Proper planning of these operations will be

made during this period so that the disturbances will be minimized due to such noise generation. Most

of the construction work would be undertaken only between 8 am to 6 pm.

Functioning of the proposed complex is not expected to create any noise pollution. DG sets,

compressor, pumps will be placed inside the covered room to avoid any noise problem.

Noise Environment: In general, the overall impact on noise level due to the proposed Complex will

be almost insignificant.

6.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT

· Ground Water Hydrology

Ground water will be used during the construction phase activities (only after permission) as well as

for meeting the daily demand of the Complex during the operational phase. However, maximum care

will be taken to avoid any misuse of ground water.

78


Ground Water Environment: As such, the proposed complex will have a marginal but no long – term

impact on the ground water hydrology.

· Water Use

Water requirements during construction phase will be mainly met through tankers. The requirements

during operation will be met through both municipal supply and ground water.

Water Use: In general, the proposed Complex is not likely to have any significant longterm impact on

the water use scenario of the region during construction & operational phases.

6.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT

The proposed project will not alter the land use pattern of the proposed site. The site, after completion

of its development, would consist of build up structure neatly landscaped, leading to a pleasant

outlook. Plantation of trees in the open spaces would add a different dimension to the existing

landscape of open vacant lands and would provide a visual comfort.

Land Environment: As such, there will be an insignificant impact on the land use during the

construction period while a beneficial impact is expected in the operational of the proposed project.

· Ecology

The impact of construction activities will be primarily confined to the project site. The site doesn‟t

involve any forestland. Thus, the site development work will not lead to any significant loss of any

important taxonomy. Removal of topsoil often leads to soil erosion. Deposition of fugitive dust on

leaves of nearby vegetation may lead to temporary reduction of photosynthesis. Such impacts will,

however, be confined mostly to the initial periods of the construction phase.

The entire complex would be extensively landscaped with a variety of taxa. No wild life sanctuary is

involved in the site and vicinity. Therefore, there is no likely tangible impact from noise and

emissions during construction on the animals and birds in the area.

Ecological Environment: No impact on terrestrial and aquatic ecology is expected due to the

proposed complex.

6.5 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

A sizeable workforce comprising skilled, semi skilled and unskilled labours will be needed at the peak

period of construction phase. Significant number of semi skilled and unskilled labourers will be

recruited from the nearby areas. This will create some employment opportunities in the area. Since

most of the sizeable labour force will be drawn from neighborhood, no new environmental problem is

anticipated.

Temporary accommodation in the form of workers camp will be constructed for a few special

categories of migrant skilled and semi skilled workers within the project site. In such eventuality,

certain measurers will be taken. The camp will be provided with the adequate sanitation facilities.

Therefore, it will not cause any significant social stress, though some degradation in the immediate

physical environment would be unavoidable. Most of the construction work is labour intensive. As

contractors will do most of the job, it will be ensured that the contractor workers are provided with

proper facilities including proper sanitation and safe drinking water supply.

There is no permanent resident on the project site and as such, the project would not result in any

direct evictions. The construction materials will be procured local market and also though various

sources. Thus, there is a possibly of local employment generation, though temporary.

79


Construction activities will provide direct and indirect job opportunities to a large number of people,

thus having a beneficial impact on local economy. The project is expected to have a marginal but

significant positive impact on local economic scenario.

Socio Economic Environment: In general, the proposed Complex will have a positive impact on the

socioeconomic environment. It will have a long-term positive impact on the socioeconomic

environment and it will increase the over all value of the surrounding area.

80


7.0 ANALYSIS OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

This section analyses the project alternatives in terms of site, technology scale and waste management

options.

7.1 RELOCATION OPTION

Relocation option to a different site might be an option available for the proposed project. At present

the developer does not have an alternative site. This means that the developer has to look for the land

that is of the same size or bigger. Looking for the land to accommodate the scale and size of the

project and completing official transaction on it may take up to more than five years although there is

no guarantee that the land would be available. The developer will spend another two to three years on

design and approvals since design and planning has to be according to site conditions. Project design

and planning before the stage of implementation will cost the developer millions shillings. Whatever

has been done and paid to date will be counted as a loss to the developer.

Assuming the project will be given a positive response by the relevant authorities including CMDA,

CoC among others, this project would have been delayed for about two (2) years period before

implementation. This is a delay that our economy can‟t afford. This would also lead to a situation like

No Project Alternative option. The other consequence of this is that it would be a discouragement for

international/private/local investors especially in the housing sector that has been shunned by many

public and private investors already aggravating our critical housing shortages. In consideration of the

above concerns and assessment of the current proposed site, relocation of the project is not a viable

option.

7.2 ZERO OR NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE

The No Project option in respect to the proposed project implies that the status quo is maintained.

This option is the most suitable alternative from an extreme environmental perspective as it ensures

non-interference with the existing conditions. This option will however, involve several losses both to

the developer and the community as a whole. The developer will continue to land rates for the plot

while the property remains idle. The No Project Option is the least preferred from the socio-economic

and partly environmental perspective due to the following factors:

The economic status of the local people would remain unchanged.

Reduced interaction both at local, national and international levels.

No employment opportunities will be created for thousands of people who will work in the

housing project area.

Increased urban poverty.

No housing provided to alleviate a critical shortage.

Discouragement for investors to produce this level of modern housing.

Development of infrastructural facilities such as roads, electrical etc. will not be undertaken.

From the analysis above, it becomes apparent that the No Project alternative is no alternative to the

local people and the government of tamil nadu.

7.3 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND

TECHNOLOGY

The proposed project will be constructed using modern, locally and internationally accepted materials

to achieve public health, safety, security and environmental aesthetic requirements. Equipment that

saves energy and water will be given first priority without compromising on cost or availability

factors. The concrete pillars and walls will be made using locally sourced stones, cement, sand, steel

metal bars and fittings that meet the Indian Bureau of Standards requirements.

81


The alternative technologies available include the conventional brick and mortar style, prefabricated

concrete panels, or even temporarily structures. Due to cost and durability, the brick and mortar style

is the most popular more so in India. The scale and extent of the project is by design, the plot size and

funds available. The various technologies available include, concrete frame construction, timber

construction, prefabricated space frame construction, steel frame and aluminium frame. The

technology to be adopted will be the most economical and one sensitive to the environment.

Beautiful and durable re-enforced concrete roofs with tile profile will be used because they are good

in heat insulation as compared to the iron sheet roofs, and afford more security. This will ensure that

the rainwater harvested will be used in the house and garden. Heavy use of timber during construction

is discouraged because of destruction of forests. The exotic species would be preferred to indigenous

species in the construction where need will arise. However, this housing methods and technologies to

be used will require very little timber.

7.4 DOMESTIC WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES

Five locally available technologies are discussed below:-

7.4.1 Alternative one: Waste water treatment plant

This involves the construction of a plant that will enable the recycling of the waste water from the

project activities to reusable standards and utilised within the site in activities such as irrigating the

flower gardens and flashing of the toilets. It is usually expensive to construct and maintain, but it is

the most reliable, efficient and cost effective in the long term. This is the most preferred option for

such project because of its benefits.

7.4.2 Alternative two: Use of stabilization ponds/lagoons

This refers to the use of a series of ponds/lagoons that allow several biological processes to take place,

before the water is released back to the river. The lagoons can be used for aquaculture purposes and

irrigation. However, they occupy a lot of space but are less costly. No chemicals are used/heavy

metals sink and decomposition processes take place. They are usually a nuisance to the public because

of smell from the lagoons/ponds. This option is not preferable in the area because the required space

is not only available, and the local community are not likely to accept the option.

7.4.3 Alternative Three: Use of Constructed/Artificial wetland

This is one of the powerful tools/methods used in raising the quality of life and health standards of

local communities in developing countries. Constructed wetland plants act as filters for toxins. The

advantages of the system are the simple technology, low capital and maintenance costs required.

However, they require space and a longer time to function. Long term studies on plant species on the

site will also be required to avoid weed biological behavioral problems. Hence it is not the best

alternative for this kind of project

7.4.4 Alternative Four: Use of septic tanks

This involves the construction of underground concrete-made tanks to store the sludge with soak pits.

It is expensive to construct and regular empting in large discharge points like the large scale

residential housing project of which the project shall be falling in. However, the proponent needs to

consider this option as a substitute to the existing sewer system.

7.4.5 Alternative Five: Connection to the existing sewer system

Connection to the available large main sewer line will solve the wastewater management issue at a

very minimal cost and in an environmental efficient manner.

82


In conclusion, the recommended course of action for this site would be establishment of STP of

desired technology and utilization of treated water for flushing and gardening purposes. Excess

treated water shall be disposed to the existing sewer to help in the management of all the waste water

generated on site as this will adequately protect the environment from possible pollution.

7.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES

A lot of solid wastes will be generated from the proposed project especially during its operations due

to the high number of residents expected to be staying in the homes once complete. An integrated

solid waste management system is recommendable. First, the proponent will give priority to Waste

Reduction at Source of the materials. This option will demand a solid waste management awareness

programme in the management and the residents. Secondly, Recycling, Reuse and composting of the

waste using OWC will be the second alternative in priority. This will call for a source separation

programme to be put in place.

The recyclables will be sold to waste buyers within Chennai city. The third priority in the hierarchy of

options is combustion of the wastes that are not recyclable. Finally, establishment of OWC will be the

last option for the proponent to consider.

83


8.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

8.1 RISK ASSESSMENT, DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND SAFETY MEASURES

A well - defined Risk Management Plan is made as follows:

STEP 1: Define the Projects/Tasks

Site Clearing

Excavation

Raft

RCC slab

Block work / plastering

External plastering

Joinery - frame fixing

Flooring

Interior works

Windows fixing

Flooring

False ceiling

Painting

Services

I.Electrical

II.Plumbing

III.Fire fighting

Equipments

I.Elevator

II.STP /WTP

III.Hard and landscape

STEP 2: Identify the Hazards

a) Are you using (Tick boxes)

[ ] plant/equipment

[ ] portable electrical equipment

[ x ] pressure vessels/boilers

[ x ] hazardous substances

[ ] scaffolding

[ ] ladders

[ ] lifts/hoists/cranes/dogging/rigging/load

shifting machinery

b) Does the project/task involve (Tick boxes)

[ ] using tools/equipment with

moving part(s)

[ ] using tools/equipment that

vibrate

[ x ] working with x-rays ,or lasers

[ ] electrical wiring

[ x ] asbestos removal

[ ] welding

[ x ] hazardous waste

[ ] excavation / trenches (>1.5m)

[ ] working around electrical installations

[ ] working near traffic

[ ] working at a height (>3m)

[ ] working in isolation

[] working in a confined space

[ ] manual handling

[ ] repetitive or awkward movements

[ x ] lifting or moving awkward or heavy objects

c) Is there (Tick boxes)

[ ] noise

[ ] dust/fumes/vapours/gases

[ x ] extreme temperatures

[ x ] risk of fire/explosion

[ ] slippery surfaces/trip hazards

[ x ] poor ventilation/air quality

[ x ] a poorly designed work area for the project/task

84


STEP 3: Assess the Risk

During Construction Phase:

Activities Air

Pollution

Water

Pollution

Noise

Pollution

Soil

Pollution

Occupational

Hazard

A. Material Handling:

Cement +M - - +M +M

Steel - - + - +M

Sand - - - - -

Stone - - - - +L

Wood - - - - -

Glass - - - - +H

Hardware - - - - -

Colour - +H - +H -

B. Construction Machinery

Rotary Driller +L - +H - +H

Mixers +M - +M +L +M

Excavator +L - +L - +H

Material Lift - - +L - +H

Risk Factor:

+ : Positive

- : Negative

L : Low

M : Medium

H : High

For any projects/tasks that present a high or extreme risk, a Safe Work Method Statement must be

completed.

STEP 4: Control the Risk:

Note how you will control the risk following the priorities listed to the right. This may include

controls like redesigning the workplace, using guards or barriers, ventilation, using lifting equipment

or personal safety equipment.

Eliminate the Hazard

Keep the Hazard and People Apart

Change the Work Methods

Use Personal Protection

Note any specific risk assessments required for high-risk hazards. Check whether any hazards noted in

step 2 require further assessment or action.

[ x ] hazardous substance risk

assessment

[] test and tag electrical equipment

[ ] confined spaces risk assessment

[ ] sound level test

a) Note Permits/Licenses/Registration required

[x ] Demolition work

[ ] Electrical wiring

[ x ] Pressure vessels

[ x ] Friable asbestos removal

[ x ] Ionizing radiation sources

[ ] registers for chemicals, Personal

protective Equipment, training,

ladders, lifting gear

85


b) Note certificates of competency/licenses for operators

[ ] Scaffolding

[ ] Rigging

[ ] Load shifting machinery operation

[ ] Pesticide application

[ ] Crane operation

[ ] Hoist operation

c) Note emergency systems required

[ ] first aid kit

[ ] extended first aid kit

[ ] emergency stop button

[ ] additional emergency procedures

[ ] Fire control

[ ] remote communication mechanism

[ x ] others

STEP 5: Actions Required to Control the Risk

A. During construction to reduce pollution:

Manual water sprinkling during dust excavation

Using RMC to reduce air pollution

Dust cover for Trucks

New Construction Machinery

Equipment will work intermittently

Rotary drillers instead of acoustic drillers

Vehicular trips will not be at peak traffic hour

Ear Plugs to workers

No noise polluting work in night shifts

B .Safety & Hygienic Measures:

Adequate drinking water, toilet and bathing facilities

There will be free medical camps and first aid rooms for workers

Safety equipments like helmets, safety shoes etc. to personnel and visitors

Personnel protective equipments like leather gloves, goggles and ear muffs when required

Personnel working on heights will wear safety equipments and will not work alone

To prevent any accidents, the entire area under construction will be cordoned off with tin

sheets and safety tape is run outside this fence

Regular pest control will be done

Adequate fire fighting equipments will be provided

Operational Phase:

Risks in the complex will be due to natural calamities like earthquake, flooding and others such as fire

and accidental hazards. All precautions will be taken to control these risks and a well planned Disaster

Management Plan is prepared as shown in the Figure – 9.1.

Figure 9.1 Flow Chart Showing Disaster Management Plan

Disaster Management Plan

Fire Fighting Avoid Water Logging Earthquake Resistance

• Rain water harvesting.

• Storm water will be drained to

storm water drains capable of

taking the runoff.

The structural design shall be as per

is certified as per IS code 875 and

IS- 1893-2002 for Seismic Zone 3

of Chennai

Fire fighting

system shall be provided

as per regulations of

Chief Fire Officer

86


8.2 NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION

Realizing the need for an eco friendly environment has proposed to do the following natural resource

conservation techniques. To minimize water demand the project proposal will have Water balance

chart, sewage treatment plant, plan for treated water usage, dual pipe line rain water harvesting

arrangements for saving water.

87


9.0 PROJECT BENEFITS & IMPACTS

The project site is located in the development zone. The housing demand of huge number of people

will out from the proposed project. Due to huge residential development it will act as a pioneer for

other development.

9.1 POSITIVE IMPACTS

Proposed residential complex will help channelize and further expand the residential growth not

only of the city but of the country as whole.

Currently the country‟s housing demand by far outstrips the housing supply. This has led to the

mushrooming of slums in most urban dwellings culminating in low standards of living and health

risk concerns. One of the positive aspects of project is that it will increase number of residential

houses available to residents.

By building the residential complex the design has incorporated an optimal use of the available

land. Land is a scarce resource in Chennai city and through construction of the proposed well

planned complex shall ensure optimal use of land.

After lot of study of potential locations in Chennai city it was found that this locality would be a

perfect counter magnet for established residential complex in the city. As it enjoys the advantage

of a centralized location and a high level of accessibility.

Employment during the construction as well as during the operational phase is the biggest positive

side of the project. The project will provide positive impact on the economic development of the

region in terms of employment opportunities.

The project is designed such that there will be provision of a designated spot for the dumping of

garbage which is well protected from rain and animals. This wastes will thus be collected from

the site in bulk and as one unit such that the careless disposal and hence proliferation of wastes

within the surrounding areas will be curbed.

With the presence of an security and watch and ward within the proposed project site, there will

be general improved security on and around the site.

9.2 NEGATIVE IMPACTS

The proposed project will lead to increased pressure on existing infrastructure such as roads,

sewer lines etc due to the increased number of people who will be using these facilities which will

directly translate into increased in volume of the relevant parameter.

Poor solid waste management could lead to the washing down of these wastes into the nearby

lake. Poor waste management may also lead to the blocking of drains, which in turn can lead to

flooding and unsanitary conditions within the proposed estate. Blocked drains produce bad odour

hence are environmentally unfriendly. The project management proposes to have controlled solid

management to avoid this from occurring.

If the project does not have well designed storm water drains, the rain water may end up

stagnating and hence creating conducive breeding areas for mosquitoes and other water based

vectors which may lead to human diseases like malaria. Poor solid waste management practices

may also lead breeding grounds for pests such as rats and other scavenging animals. The

proponent will put in place efficient storm water and waste management systems that will prevent

the accumulation of rain water and uncontrolled waste, as well as an efficient collection system

and off-site disposal.

In completion of construction of the project shall require large amount of electricity due to the

number of the housing units that have been proposed and the activities that will take place once

the project is complete. Since electric energy in Chennai is generated mainly through natural

resources, namely water and geothermal resources, increased use of electricity have adverse

impacts on these natural resources base and their sustainability.

A lot of domestic waste such as waste from foodstuffs, empty plastic containers, cartons, etc will

be generated during the operational phase of the project. Once the proposed apartments are

88


complete and operational, the residents will generate large amounts of solid waste on a daily basis

whose composition will be organic and inorganic waste.

Cultural conflicts may occur as a result of various communities with different cultures living in

the apartments. For instance, in other communities their culture allows them to visit each other

freely while other cultures prohibit visitation.

89


10.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 GENERAL

This section outlines the key environmental management and safeguards that will be initiated by the

project proponent to manage the project‟s key environmental concerns. Environmental Management

Plan (EMP) is the mechanism to ensure that environmental considerations are integrated into the

project survey and design, contract documents and project supervision and monitoring. These are

tools for mitigating or offsetting the potential adverse environmental impacts resulting from various

activities of the project.

The environmental management plan (EMP) mainly consists of integrating potential impacts (positive

or negative), environmental mitigation measures, implementation schedule, and monitoring plans. The

potential environmental impacts and proposed management associated with each stage of the project

development are described here. The primary objective of this proposed environmental management

and monitoring programme is to control environmental impacts to levels within acceptable standards,

and to minimise possible impact on the community and the workforce of foreseeable risks during the

construction and subsequent operation phases of the project. Also, it is very important to highlight

here that such environmental mitigation measures shall be used in conjunction with good management

practices and good engineering design, construction and operation practices. The EMP will be a

working document that personnel on site need to both understand and undertake environmental

management. It will be ensured personnel are in a position to adequately manage the environmental

concerns of the site and effectively monitor for and mitigate impacts.

10.1.1 Environment Management Systems

The following components will be part of the EMS:

Environmental Policy

Objectives & Targets

Structure and Responsibility

Emergency Planning

Environmental Monitoring Program

Operation of and Maintenance of Environmental Management Facilities like STP, Rain water

harvesting , Solar Systems , landscape development , Solid waste management system

Non-conformance & Corrective and Preventive Action

Short term and long term budgetary provisions for the EMP

10.2 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT


The impact on air quality during construction phase of the project will be due to the air emissions like

SPM, CO, NOx and SO2 due to material handling, vehicular movements and other site activities. The

particulate matter will be reduced by frequent sprinkling of water on the road surfaces and on other

areas where dust arises due to material handling. Necessary steps would be taken to maintain all the

equipments and vehicles used in the construction and transportation of materials in proper condition

so as to reduce the emissions and thereby prevent pollution. Low Sulphur diesel will be used for the

construction equipments. Effective internal traffic management and planning measures need to be

adopted for multiple entry and exit points to reduce traffic congestions at site. Awareness need to be

created towards prevention of idle running of vehicles so that emission is avoided. The emissions

from the DG sets used during construction will be let out through the stacks installed with adequate

heights. This will avoid the deposition of the particulate matters and other pollutants by facilitating

the dispersion of pollutants into the atmosphere. The stacking of all the construction materials will be

covered and confined within the proposed project site to avoid air emissions.

90



Air emissions are observed during the operation phase of the project. The air emissions will be

reduced by ensuring smoother flow of traffic within the premises by better traffic management plans.

It is proposed to have trees all through the boundaries of the site and along the either side of the

internal roads. This will reduce the particulate matters from being transported to the nearby areas. The

air emissions from the Diesel Generators will be controlled by using low sulphur content high speed

diesels, periodic maintenance of DG sets as per the defined schedule of manufacturer and by

providing adequate stack heights as prescribed by CPCB. The stack height for the DG sets are

calculated based on the CPCB guidelines as shown below:

S.No. DG Capacity Numbers

Residential Block

1 500 KVA 5

2 250 KVA 1

Shopping Mall Block

3 1500 KVA 12

School Block

4 380 KVA 1

5 100 KVA 1

Club House Block

6 200 KVA 1

Convention Centre Block

7 1500 KVA 4

MLCP Block

8 1500 KVA 4

9 1250 KVA 3

10 500 KVA 1

11 100 KVA 1

10.2.3 Air Pollution Control (APC) Measures

The main source of air emissions from the proposed residential development is the Generator Sets. To

control the air emissions from D.G sets, adequate stack height is provided to release the exhaust flue

gases into the atmosphere at a height at which efficient dispersion takes place. The stack is taken up to

a height of about 14 m from the ground level. Since the DG sets are operated only during power

failure, the emission is not continuous and hence the impact due to these emissions is insignificant.

The stack height for the DG sets are calculated based on the CPCB guidelines as shown below:

Residential Block:

Stack Height Design Calculation for 500 KVA (3 Nos.) Generator Set

H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 91 + 0.2 (500) 0.5

= 91 + 4.47

= 95.47

= 96 m (say)

Where, H = Total height of stack in meters from ground level

91


h = height of the building in meters

The stack height required as per CPCB norms is 96 m and the same height will be provided.


H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 182 + 0.2 (500) 0.5

= 182 + 4.47

= 186.47

= 187 m (say)





H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 91 + 0.2 (250) 0.5

= 91 + 3.16

= 94.16

= 95 m (say)




Shopping Complex Block:


H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 22 + 0.2 (1500) 0.5

= 22 + 7.74

= 29.74

= 30 m (say)




92


School Block:

Stack Height Design Calculation for 380 KVA (1 No.) Generator Set

H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 17.7 + 0.2 (380) 0.5

= 17.7 + 3.89

= 21.59

= 22 m (say)





H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 17.7 + 0.2 (100) 0.5

= 17.7 + 2

= 19.7

= 22 m (say)




Club House Block:


H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 11.5 + 0.2 (200) 0.5

= 17.7 + 2.28

= 20.52

= 21 m (say)



The stack height required as per CPCB norms is 21m and the same height will be provided.

93


Convention Centre Block:


H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 39.65 + 0.2 (1500) 0.5

= 39.65 + 7.74

= 47.39

= 48 m (say)




MLCP Block:


H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 30.8 + 0.2 (1250) 0.5

= 30.8 + 7.707

= 37.87

= 38 m (say)



The stack height required as per CPCB norms is 38 and the same height will be provided.


H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 30.8 + 0.2 (1500) 0.5

= 30.8 + 7.74

= 38.54

= 39 m (say)





H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 30.8 + 0.2 (500) 0.5

= 30.8 + 4.47

94


= 35.27

= 36 m (say)





H = h + (0.2) (kVA) 0.5

= 30.8 + 0.2 (100) 0.5

= 30.8 + 2

= 32.8

= 33 m (say)




Power generator use natural gas as fuel which is termed as clean fuel and hence the impact due to the

emissions from generator will be negligible. These generators employ a Combined Cooling Heating

and Power (CCHP) technology, which is an integration of a Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

technology and Absorption Refrigeration. The integrated absorption refrigeration is designed to

harvest waste heat from the exhaust gases of the power generation activity and recover it for cooling.

This facility eliminates the need for electricity for cooling purpose and therefore reduces the total

energy consumption significantly and hence improves the energy production per unit of fuel in the

campus. To control the air emissions from these gas based power generators, adequate stack height is

provided to release the exhaust flue gases into the atmosphere at a height with efficient dispersion.

10.3 NOISE CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT


The noise generated from the construction equipments will be reduced through proper maintenance of

all the equipments which are involved in construction activities, confining the construction activities

only during the day time and providing barricades all around the project area. The adverse impacts of

noise especially on workers will be reduced by providing ear muffs to the workers in high noise

zones. Noise control systems such as equipment foundation pads, dampeners, silencers and acoustic

enclosures will be used for individual units as per the requirement to minimize the noise & vibration.


The increase in the ambient noise levels due to the vehicle transportation will be controlled by the

development of the green cover all along the internal roads and by implementing better traffic

management plans inside the site premises. The better traffic management plans will significantly

reduce the noise generated due to the congestion caused by the movement of vehicles. Establishment

of Internal traffic management measures to avoid unnecessary vehicle movement in the service areas.

Providing adequate setback/buffer areas along the access roads to reduce the effect of noise &

vibration to the surroundings. The generator noise is controlled by providing acoustic enclosures.

Proper air ventilation system is designed to allow the maximum aspiration and cooling airflow

95


required so that the engines do not overheat. Axial flow fan of required size & numbers provided for

proper air ventilation. Acoustic louvers, splitter & insulated ducts are provided to suppress the noise

where required.

10.4 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT


Separate raw material handling yard will be demarcated. This will prevent the contamination of the

soil due to the spillage of the construction materials. Cement will be separately stored under cover in

bales. The raw material handling yard will be located within the project site and separated by

enclosures/barricades. This will keep the working area clean and reduce the soil contamination.


The estimation of solid waste generation and its treatment and disposal methods are separately

categorized and the details are furnished below;

Residential, Club House & School Block:

S.No Project

Components

Total

Apartments

Occupancy

load

Per

Capita

generation

Total Bio

Degradable

Waste

generation

Kg/day

Total Non

Bio

Degradable

Waste

generation

Kg/day

Total solid

Waste

generation

Kg/day

Residential Block

1. Residents 949 4745 0.6 1708.2 1138.8 2847

2. Maintenance & Visitors

population (10% of


475 0.2 57 38 95

3. Club House (5% of


237 0.1 14.22 9.48 23.70

Office Block

4. Office Block 1837 0.2 220.44 146.96 367.40

5. Maintenance Staff 184 0.2 22.08 14.72 36.80

6 STP Bio Sludge 76 - 76

Total 2098

Kg/day

1348

Kg/day

3446

Kg/day

Mode of Treatment and disposal:


(Tons/day)


1 Biodegradable waste 2.022 Disposed through organic waste

converter and manure used for green

belt development.


3 STP sludge 76 kgs Dried and used as manure for green

belt development

96


Hotel and Convention Centre:

S.No Project

Components

Total

Apartments

Occupancy

load

Per

Capita

generation

Total Bio

Degradable

Waste

generation

Kg/day

Total Non

Bio

Degradable

Waste

generation

Kg/day

Total solid

Waste

generation

Kg/day


1 Guest rooms 238 0.2 28.56 19.04 47.6

2 Staff 24 0.2 2.88 1.92 4.8



5 Cineplex 100 0.2 12 8 20

6 Retail shops 1500 0.2 180 120 300



population of Restaurant &

food court, Marriage &


shop)

791 0.2 94.92 63.28 158.2

8 STP Sludge 31 - 31

Total Waste Generation in Kg/day 999 645 1644



(Tons/day)



and manure used for green belt development.


3 STP sludge 31 Kgs Dried and used as manure for green belt

development

Office & Shopping Center Block:

S.No Project

Components

Total

Apartments

Occupancy

load

Per

Capita

generation

Total Bio

Degradable

Waste

generation

Kg/day

Total Non

Bio

Degradable

Waste

generation

Kg/day

Total solid

Waste

generation

Kg/day

Office Block

1 Office Block 1837 0.2 220.44 146.96 367.40


97


Shopping Centre

3 Shopping 12291 0.2 1474.92 983.28 2458.2




1229 0.2 147.48 98.32 245.8

5 STP Sludge - - 32 - 32

Total Waste Generation

in Kg/day

33553 - 1897 Kg/d 1243 Kg/d 3140 Kg/d



(Tons/day)



and manure used for green belt development.


3 STP sludge 32 Kgs Dried and used as manure for green belt

development

Overall Summary:

S.No Project

Componen

ts

Total

Apartments

Occupan

cy load

Per

Capita

generatio

n

Total Bio

Degradabl

e Waste

generation

Total Non

Bio

Degradabl

e Waste

generation

Total

solid

Waste

generatio

n

Kg/day Kg/day Kg/day

1 Residents 949 4745 0.6 1708.2 1138.8 2847


population (10% of


475 0.2 57 38 95

3 Club House (5% of


237 0.1 14.22 9.48 23.7

Office Block

4 Office Block 1837 0.2 220.44 146.96 367.4


School and Club house

6 Students 3100 0.2 372 248 620

7 Teaching Staff 124 0.2 14.88 9.92 24.8

8 Non Teaching Staff 124 0.2 14.88 9.92 24.8


population (10% of School

population)

335 0.2 40.2 26.8 67

Shopping Centre

10 Shopping 12291 0.2 1474.92 983.28 2458.2

98





1229 0.2 147.48 98.32 245.8


11 Guest rooms 238 0.2 28.56 19.04 47.6

12 Staff 24 0.2 2.88 1.92 4.8



15 Cineplex 1000 0.2 120 80 200

16 Retail shops 1500 0.2 180 120 300



population of Restaurant

& food court, Marriage &


shop)

791 0.2 94.92 63.28 158.2

18 STP Sludge - 138 0 138

Total Waste Generation in Kg/day 5300 Kg/d 3441 Kg/d 8741 Kg/d

Component Waste Type Total Sewage

Generation STP Sludge Calculation

Sludge Waste

Generation

(Kgs/day)

STP Sludge Bio-degradable

Solid Waste 1377

0.1 m3/KLD,

So, 0.1 X 1377 KLD 138





(Tons/day)



and manure used for green belt

development.


3 STP sludge 138 kgs Dried and used as manure for green belt

development

During the operation phase the used oil from the DG sets will be collected in separate drums and

handed over to the authorized recyclers by TNPCB.

Hazardous Waste: During the operation phase the used oil, DG filters, oil mixed cotton waste and oil

containers from the DG sets will be collected in separate place.

99


Non- Hazardous Waste: It is estimated that the municipal solid wastes will be generated in the

following passion:

Biodegradable wastes : 5300 Kg/day

Non-biodegradable wastes : 3441Kg/day

In the building complex, Wastes generated from the households will be segregated into Bio

degradable waste and non- bio degradable waste in the source itself (by the occupants) in separate

bins. The wastes from such bins are collected separately on daily basis and taken to a separate

centralized collection facility by the agency dealing in collection and disposal of garbage. Appropriate

site will be identified for keeping the biodegradable and Non biodegradable waste. All the collection

bins shall be properly maintained and cleared on regular basis.

The Bio degradable wastes will be treated using OWC, and non-bio degradable recyclable waste will

be handed over to authorized recyclers.

Horticulture wastes leaves, grass and vegetative residues shall be collected at the secured location

such that it will not hinder daily activity schedule or washed away by the surface run-off causing

choking of drains, etc. and will be separately treated and disposed off along with biodegradable waste.

The sludge generation from the STP will be dewatered and treated in OWC along with the other

wastes.

Organic Converter Management:

The facility management services

would transfer the biodegradable

waste to be processed in an organic

waste convertor located at the ground

floor.

Space Provision for Organic waste

convertor is 123 sq mt. which includes

the space required for treatment,

curing and storage of manure

generated from the organic waste.

Biodegradable waste will be

converted into manure which will be

used for gardening and the excess

shall be sold /handover to outside

parties or gardens.

Proponents shall be responsible for the

operation and maintenance for 3 years

after convergence of property to the

members.

The Operation and maintenance of

OWC shall be given on contract basis

to outside agencies preferably to those

from where the OWC machine is

purchased.

100


E. Waste Management: E waste generated during operation phase shall be stored separately and

disposed of to the recyclers authorized by TNPCB.

10.5 WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT

Project Proponent is looking forward to meet its potable water needs through supply provided by

CMWSSB. This section of the EMP will recommend a combination of good management practices

and feasible treatment options to ensure judicious utilization of available water resources and

reduction of any additional pollution load to the water environment that might result from the project.


The wastewater generated by the construction workers will be treated and disposed through septic

tank with soak pit arrangement. All the water storage tanks/containers will be maintained without any

leaks. Necessary precaution and preventive measures will be taken at the site during construction to

avoid any groundwater and surface water contamination.

Prevention and Control of Water Pollution during Construction:

To prevent any degradation of water quality of surface water bodies and groundwater aquifers,

following management measures are suggested in the construction phase.

o Avoid any excavation or earth work during monsoon season or rainy periods

o Wastewater generated will be discharged into existing sewer line

o To prevent surface and ground water contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers

should be used for storage and transportation of oil and grease and the floors of oil/grease

handling areas should be kept impervious to the extent possible.


Minimizing Water Consumption

Water consumption within the project will be minimized by a combination of water saving devices

and other domestic water conservation measures. Furthermore, to ensure ongoing water conservation,

an awareness programme will be introduced for all occupants. Following section discusses the

specific measures, which shall be implemented:

Use of water efficient plumbing fixtures. Water efficient plumbing fixtures use less water with no

marked reduction in quality and service.

Provisions for leak detection and repair techniques

Sweep with a broom and pan where possible, rather than hose down for external areas

The estimation of water requirement, sewage generation and its treatment and disposal methods are

separately categorized and the details are furnished below;

Solid waste

Source Separation

Biodegradable Waste

Collection point

OWC

Collection point

Non Biodegradable Waste

Sent to authorized recyclers

Manure used for Green belt

development

101


Water Requirement/Usage Summary


Project

component

No. of

units

Occupancy

Rate @

Total

Occupancy

Water

requirement

for Non-

Flushing

@(LPCD)

Water

requirement

for Flushing

@(LPCD)

Total water

requirement

(lts.)

Residential Block

Residential unit 949 5 4745 90 LPCD 45 LPCD 640575 427050 213525

Maintenance

Staff and

visitors

- 10% of total

residential

population

475 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 21375 7125 14250

Club house - 5 % of total

residential

population

237 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 3555

1185 2370

Swimming pool

make up water

requirement

- 5000 - 5000 - 5000

School Block

Students

-

124 @25 students

per classroom

3100 20 LPCD 25 LPCD 139500

62000 77500

Teaching Staff

-

- 1 person per

25 students

124 30 LPCD 15 LPCD 5580

3720 1860

Non Teaching

Staff

-

- 1 person per

25 students

124 30 LPCD 15 LPCD 5580

3720 1860

Maintenance

Staff

-

- 10% of total

School

population

335 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 15075

5025 10050

514825

Say 515

KLD

321415

Say 321

KLD

836240

Say 836

KLD

102



Total water requirement = 871 KLD

Daily Fresh water requirement = 515 KLD

Flushing water requirement = 321 KLD


(10012.16 Sq.m X 3.5 lts) = 35042.56 (Say 35 KLD)


Project

component

No. of

units

Occupancy

Rate @

Total

Occupancy

Water

requirement

for Non-

Flushing

@(LPCD)

Water

requirement

for Flushing

@(LPCD)

Total water

requirement

(lts.)

Guest rooms 119 2 guest for

each guest

room

238 120 LPCD 60 LPCD 42840

28560 14280

Staff

- 10% of total

guest room

population

24 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 1080

360 720

Restaurant and - 2480 Seats 2480 50 LPCD 20 LPCD 173600

STP Capacity

835 KLD

(95% of inflow)

KLD433

KLD 510 KLD

KLD325

KLD

KLD KLD

KLD 35 KLDGardening

35 KLD

KLD Disposal CMWSSB

common sewer line

365 KLD

KLD758

KLD

inflow)(85% of

inflow)

Requirement

515 KLD

321 KLD

Swimming pool

5 KLD

KLD510

KLD

5 KLD

4 KLD

%

STP 1- 550 KLD

STP 2- 150 KLD

STP 3- 135 KLD

103


Food Court

124000 49600

Marriage and

Mini Hall - 2930 Seats 2930 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 43950

14650 29300

Cineplex - 1000 Seats 1000 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 15000

5000 10000

Retail Shop 107 - 1500 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 22500

7500 15000

Maintenance

Staff



Marriage & mini hall,

Cineplex, retail shop

791 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 35595

11865 23730

Total 191935

Say

192KLD

142630

Say 143

KLD

334565

Say 335

KLD






(10012.16 Sq.m X 3.5 lts) = 35042.56 (Say 35 KLD)

Disposal CMWSSB

common sewer line

113 KLD

STP Capacity

440 KLD

(95% of inflow)

163 KLD Domestic (NF)

192 KLD

325 KLD

143 KLD 291 KLD

35 KLD Gardening

35 KLD

113 KLD

306 KLD

(85% of inflow)


192 KLD

192 KLD

100 %

STP 4- 440 KLD

Flushing

143 KLD Flushing

104


Office & Shopping Center Block:

Project

component

No. of units Occupancy Rate

@

Total

Occupancy

Water

requirement

for Non-

Flushing

@(LPCD)

Water

requirement

for Flushing

@(LPCD)

Total water

requirement

(lts.)

Office Block Office

Block 18370.63 1 Person for every

10 Sq. m. of Total

FSI area

1837 20 LPCD 25 LPCD 82665 36740 45925

Maintenanc

e Staff - 10% of total

commercial

population

184 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 8280 2760 5520

Shopping Centre

Shopping 122908.74

1 Person for every

10 Sq. m. of Total

FSI area

12291 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 184365

61455 122910

Maintenanc

e Staff - 10% of total

commercial

population

1229 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 55305

18435 36870

Total 119390

Say 119

KLD

211225

Say 211

KLD

330615

Say 330

KLD

STP Capacity

710 KLD

(95% of inflow)

STP 4- 440 KLD

STP 5- 270 KLD

101

Domestic (NF)

119 KLDDomestic (NF)

211

211 KLD321 296 KLD720

35 KLD35 Gardening

50 KLD365 Disposal CMWSSB

common sewer line

50 KLD

312

(85% of


119 KLDFresh water

119

100 %100 Flushing

211 KLD Flushing

105


Water Requirement/Usage Summary (Office & Shopping Center Block):





(10012.16 Sq.m X 3.5 lts) = 35042.56 (Say 35 KLD)

Water Requirement calculation as per CPHEEO Norms (Overall Statement):

Project

component

Area in

Sq.m.

No.

of

units

Occupancy

Rate @

Total

Occupancy

Water

requiremen

t for Non-

Flushing

@(LPCD)

Water

requiremen

t for

Flushing

@(LPCD)

Total water

requirement

(lts.)

Residential Block Residential

unit - 949 5 4745 90 LPCD 45 LPCD 640575

427050 213525 Maintenance

Staff and

visitors

- - 10% of

total

residential

population

475 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 21375 7125 14250

Club house - - 5 % of

total

residential

population

237 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 3555

1185 2370

Office Block Office Block 18370.63 1 Person for every

10 Sq. m. of Total

FSI area

1837 20 LPCD 25 LPCD 82665 36740 45925

Maintenance

Staff - 10% of total

commercial

population

184 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 8280 2760 5520

School

Students - 124 @25

students per

classroom

3100 20 LPCD 25 LPCD 139500

62000 77500

Teaching

Staff

- - 1 person

per 25

students

124 30 LPCD 15 LPCD 5580

3720 1860

Non

Teaching

Staff

- - 1 person

per 25

students

124 30 LPCD 15 LPCD 5580

3720 1860

Maintenance

Staff - - 10% of

total School

population

335 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 15075

5025 10050

Shopping Centre

Shopping 122908.74

- 1 Person

for every

10 Sq. m.

of Total

FSI area

12291 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 184365

61455 122910

106


Maintenance

Staff - - 10% of

total

commercial

population

1229 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 55305

18435 36870


Guest rooms - 119 2 guest for

each guest

room

238 120 LPCD 60 LPCD 42840

28560 14280

Staff - - 10% of

total guest

room

population

24 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 1080

360 720

Restaurant

and Food

Court

- - 2480 Seats 2480 50 LPCD 20 LPCD 173600

124000 49600

Marriage and

Mini Hall

- - 2930 Seats 2930 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 43950

14650 29300

Cineplex - - 1000 Seats 1000 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 15000

5000 10000

Retail Shop - 107 - 1500 5 LPCD 10 LPCD 22500

7500 15000

Maintenance

Staff



Marriage & mini hall, Cineplex,

retail shop

791 15 LPCD 30 LPCD 35595

11865 23730

Swimming pool make up water requirement - 5000 - 5000

Green Belt Development

(30036.50Sq.m X 3.5 ltrs)

- - 105127.75 105127.75

Total 33644

Nos. 826150

Say

826 KLD

780398

Say

780 KLD

1606548

Say 1606

KLD

Water Requirement/Usage Summary:

Summary of water requirement:

Overall water requirement

Total Water Requirement = 1606 KLD

Fresh Water Requirement = 826 KLD (Including Swimming pool top up: 5 KLD)

Flushing water Requirement = 675 KLD


(30036.50 Sq.m X 3.5 lts) = 105127.75 (Say 105 KLD)

107


Water Balance - Overall Statement

It is proposed to use the recycled water for the part of the daily water demand in the premises. The

total fresh water requirement during operation is 826 KLD. The wastewater generation from the

project is estimated to be about 1377 KLD, which will be treated in proposed sewage treatment plants

capacity of 1500 KLD. The technology adopted is Sequential Bed Bio Reactor (SBR). Treated sewage

of 1308 KLD will be reused for flushing, gardening and excess will be discharged into the CMWSSB

sewerage system.

Sewage Treatment Plant

It is proposed to install a sewage treatment plant, to treat the domestic effluent generated from the

toilets, kitchen etc, and re-use the water for gardening. The treated sewage water will be designed to

meet the discharge limits as per the rules stipulated by the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board

(TNPCB), in order to conserve water.

The sewage treatment plant will be designed to ensure that treated effluent characteristics are well

below / within the permissible limits, even under varying flow conditions, which are typical for such

systems. This implies that the selected process will be able to withstand the shock load situation. A

brief description of the process involved in treating the sewage is given in Annexure - VII.

The sewage treatment plant is designed with a capacity to handle 1500 KLD/ day of soil water from

the building.

STP Capacity

1500 KLD

(95% of inflow)

698 KLD

Domestic (NF)

821 KLD

679 KLD

675 KLD 1308 KLD

105 KLD Gardening

105 KLD

528 KLD Disposal CMWSSB

common sewer line

528 KLD

1377 KLD

(85% of inflow)


826 KLD

Flushing

675 KLD

Swimming pool

5 KLD

821 KLD

5 KLD

4 KLD

100 %

STP 1-270KLD

STP 2- 550 KLD

STP 3- 90 KLD

STP 4- 440 KLD

STP 5- 150 KLD

108


Water conservation by minimizing requirement of fresh water from CMWSSB

Avoiding water pollution by treatment of sewage up to tertiary level

Reducing hydraulic load on existing sewerage network of CMWSSB by reuse for flushing and

gardening

Ensuring the treated sewage to meet the discharge standards prescribed by CPCB/TNPCB

10.6 STORM WATER MANAGEMENT


The surface runoff during the construction period will be directed into the drains separately provided

for this purpose.


Rainwater vertical pipes from the terrace areas are taken into the shafts provided for the purpose.

These pipes are then dropped down to the Basement floor level and get terminated at the ceiling level

of the Basement floor wherein they are connected to main headers of required higher sizes running

suspended at ceiling level with the help of brackets to support them. These rainwater pipes are then

dropped down to the ground level to connect to the battery of the catch basins and hume pipe network,

and finally collected to recharge pits.

STORM WATER DISPOSAL SYSTEM – FROM THE SET BACK AREA:

The water from setback area is proposed to be drained off by provision of the main storm water drains

running along the periphery of the building. These drains are covered on top with precast RCC Cover.

The storm water run-off from the podium area, setback area, ramp area and the open ground area is

proposed to be recharged by providing the rainwater recharge pits provided.

RAIN HARVESTING SYSTEM – ROOF AREA:

Keeping in mind the importance of water and its scarcity, it is proposed to conserve rainwater by

harvesting / harnessing, by which the subsoil water condition / moisture content is maintained /

improved to a great extent. It is proposed to collect rainwater from Ground surface area and harvest

the same for charging the under Ground water table / Bore well. For this, all rain water pipe from

terrace of each block Site is connected to the main storm water drain. Then, the collected rainwater is

carried through a battery / network of catch basin / drains and is finally connected to rain water

harvest pit cum percolation well of different sizes located at various points and the over flow is

connected to the municipal storm water drain.

RAIN HARVEST PIT: ROADS / PAVEMENTS AND LANDSCAPE:

Normally, the rain harvest pits of suitable size is proposed to be constructed near bore wells. The rain

harvest pit consists of 4-5 nos. of 9” dia borehole for depth as per site condition. Boreholes are made

with casing pipes in position, and then filled up with ¾ “ – 1” dia riverside pebble and then casing

pipe is removed. The pit outer wall is constructed in brick masonry on PCC bed of 1:4:8 ratio. The

first layer for 18” thick is filled with pebble of size 1” – 3”. The second layer for 18” thick is filled

with course sand. The third layer for 18” thick is filled with activated charcoal. The fourth layer for

18” thick is filled with course soil. The fifth layer for 18” thick in filled with riverside pebble, of ¾ “

- 1”. Finally the top of rain harvest pit is covered with RCC precast slab with perforation of (min) 50

mm dia in strip of size 2‟0‟ wide, to allow entry of surface / ground level rainwater.

109


Total Plot Area Considered : 2,00,244 Sqm

Total roads and pavement area : 71422 Sqm

Total Greenbelt : 30037 Sqm

Total Roof Area : 45765 Sqm

Intensity of rainfall considered in Chennai 1100.00 mm

Co – efficient of runoff considered for roof area : 0. 90

Co – efficient of runoff considered for road/paved area : 0. 85

Co – efficient of runoff considered for Greenbelt area : 0. 20

Hence, the total quantity of rainfall will be: q= a x p x r

q = quantity of rainwater run - off in cu.m / hr.

a = area of catchments drained in Sq.m

p = permeability factor

r = rainfall intensity in m / yr.

Description Area in

Sqm

Coefficient of

runoff

Annual

Rainfall

intensity in m

Total Rainwater

Runoff

Cum/yr

Roads and pavement

area

71422 0.85 1.1 66,780

Greenbelt area 30037 0.20 1.1 6008

Roof area 45765 0.90 1.1 45,307

Total Annual Rainfall Run-off 1,18,095

Hence, total volume of rainwater run - off will be: = 118095 Cu.m /year.

One day rain water runoff will be: 323.54 Cu.m/day

Per hour rain water runoff will be; 13.48 cum/hr

Annual runoff is estimated to be 1,18,095 cum/yr (considering 1100 mm annual rainfall in the region)

Runoff during peak rainfall (considering rainfall rate of 100 mm per hour) is estimated to be 10736

cum per day. Storm water drainage system is designed for a peak intensity of 100 mm per hour.

During abnormal rains the excess runoff after recharge will be disposed off through the external storm

water drains.

10.7 LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT


It is proposed to plant plantation on landscape area and all through the boundaries of the site and

along the either side of the internal roads. This will have positive impact over the fauna of the locality.


Proper management of landscape and the ecology of the site would be vital to giving project area a

pleasing aesthetic and visual impact for occupants while at the same time minimizing negative

impacts on the land and ecological environment. By employing good general landscaping practices,

M/s Alliance Projects will be able to increase the ecological value of the site landscape while reducing

energy use (by reducing heat island effect), minimize or eliminate the use of harmful pesticides,

minimize the use of potable water, and decrease storm water runoff.

110


Through good landscaping M/s Alliance Projects should complement natural ecosystems, preserve the

inherent beauty and functionality of the site, maintain and enhance natural water flows, help building

occupants appreciate nature, and educate visitors about the value of responsible landscape

management.

Most of the activities that need to be managed to mitigate adverse impacts to the land and ecological

environment will have to be planned and carried out during the construction phase of the project and

sufficient arrangements have to be put in place to ensure that the EMPs in this section is implemented

by the Contractors who will be entrusted with carrying out such activities.

It is proposed to have a Greenbelt area is 30037 Sq.m. It is also proposed to plant only the native

species of plantations. In addition to augmenting present vegetation, it will also check soil erosion,

make the ecosystem more diversified and functionally more stable, make the climate more conducive

and restore balance.

Plantations & Greenbelts:

New plantations will be done for proper landscaping. Selecting trees, which support bird habitat, will

result in increase of the bird-life in the area. Further details on the kind of trees that can be planted are

provided in the section below. Walkways, benches, light-posts, and other urban design features may

be installed in this zone with sufficient care – for example, lights should not be of very high intensity.

Plantations and greenbelts can play an important role not only in enhancing the landscape of the

project, but also in attenuating pollution impacts.

For project area, plantations and greenbelts can be planned for Ground Level.

Appropriate plant section for the planned plantations within site will be key to it‟s sustainability in the

long run – it would ensure that there is a balance in the new urban ecosystem being created and at the

same time help in avoiding expensive and time- consuming problems later on. Along with the use of

Native Plants, plant growth rate, size at maturity, life span, brittleness, and requirements for light,

water, soil pH, plant color, texture, scent, and seasonal characteristics should be considered in

selecting plants. M/s Alliance Projects should keep in mind the following while plantation planning:

The selection of trees and groundcovers to provide shade and lower ambient air temperature can

reduce air conditioning energy use.

The use of native and non-invasive naturalized plant materials can reduce maintenance demands.

The following species are proposed for the plantations in the site. Adequate numbers of these species

will be planted in the Landscape and along the boundaries of the site and along the either sides of the

internal roads.

S.No Common Name Botanical Name

GROUND COVER GROUND COVER

1 Shatavari Asparagus

2 Lantana Weed Lantana camara

3 Pigweed, Erva

4 White Grass White grass

5 Golden Trumpet or Buttercup Flower Allamanda

6 Singapore daisy Wadelia trilobata

7 oyster plant, boat lily Rhoeo spatheca

8 Purple Heart. Setcreasea purpurea

9 Minor Rose Vinca alba

10 Wing pod Purslane Portulaca umbraticola

PALMS PALMS

111


S.No Common Name Botanical Name

11 Date palm Date palm

12 Yellow bamboo Yellow bamboo

13 Raphis palm Raphis palm

15 Umbrella palm. Water Garden Cyperus alternifolius

16 Areca palm Areca palm

SHRUBS SHRUBS

17 Rangan, kheme, ponna, chann tanea, techi, pan,

santan,

Ixora species

18 Roselle Hibscus species

19 Giant-leaved Ficus species except Ficus

goldenia

20 Arali, Nerium oleander

21 Fijian fire plant, Fire dragon plant Acalypha species

22 Glory bower, Pendant Clerodendron

23 Yellow elder, trumpet bush, yellow bells Techoma stans

24 Yellow oleander Thevetia Peruviana

25 Stiff, leathery leaves in bold colors of yellow,

pink, red

Crotons

26 Fire bush, Humming bird bush, Scarlet Bush Hamelia patens

27 The red bird plant Pedelanthus

TREES TREES

28 African tulip tree Spathodea campanulata

29 Tulip tree,

Pacific

Thespesia populnea

30 Red frangipani, Common frangipani, Temple Tree Plumeria alba

31 Champa Plumeria rubra

32 lettuce tree, Cabbage tree Pistonia alba

33 Almond tree, Terminalia catappa

34 Lemon Bottlebrush Callistemon citrinus

35 Candle Bush, Candle bush Cassia alata

36 Golden shower, Indian laburnum, Cassia fistula

37 Crape myrtle. Trees Lagerstroemia indica

10.8 SOCIO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN


In order to mitigate the adverse impacts likely to arise in the surrounding area due to project activity,

it is necessary to formulate an effective mitigation plan. The suggestions are as follows:

Project proponent should take appropriate steps to keep environment clean and healthy during

construction phase.

Provision of adequate drinking water, toilet and bathing facilities should be made available on

project site

Water shall be sprinkle/spread to suppress dust during construction phase to control air pollution

and thereby avoid adverse health impact.

Proper living condition with appropriate facilities for residential labours should be provided.

Arrangement of Day care facility/crèche should be made for children of labourers.

Proper Training and awareness programme should be carried out so that the workers understand

the importance of wearing the personal protective equipments. Workers working in dust prone

areas like material handling should be provided with mask that can prevent inhalation of dust.

The movement of heavy equipment within and outside the project side should be done with

proper precaution to prevent any accident.

112


Only locally available workforce will be used for the construction purpose. This will result in the

improved economic condition of the people of that area, at least during the construction period.

Medical checkups will be done at regular intervals to all the employees working. Trained first aid

personnel will be made available round the clock throughout the construction phase.

The safety procedures will be made available with the respective shift in charges and the same

will be pasted in the workplaces.

All the employees involved in the construction activities will be provided with the necessary

Personal Protective Equipments (PPE) and instated to use it.

Occupational health and safety orientation training will be given to all employees consisting of

basic hazard awareness, site-specific hazards, safe working practices, and emergency procedures

Monthly safety assessment meetings will be conducted to identify potential safety issues (e.g., site

access, construction, work practices, security, transportation of heavy equipment, traffic

management, emergency procedures and fire control and management) and measures to mitigate

them.

Ensuring site safety arrangements including precautionary measures and proper maintenance of

safety equipments.


The people of the locality, especially women, may be employed in the households as service

providers/maintenance staffs. This will improve the circulation of money in the study area. The

project also stimulates the auxiliary developments around the project area. This will result in the

development of necessary infrastructure and amenities at least around the project site.

10.9 POWER REQUIREMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION

10.9.1 Power Requirement

The power requirement during operation is about 25420 KVA and it will be sourced from the nearby

TNEB grid which will be distributed through the transformers within our premises. For emergency

purposes, DG sets of the following capacities will be used. List of Diesel Generators proposed:

20 Nos. of 1500kVA capacity



1 No. of 380kVA capacity




10.9.2 Energy Saving Practices

Energy conservation will be one of the focuses during the project planning and operation stages.

Air Conditioning & Ventilation System Proposed

a) Selection of chillers with good coefficient of performance to save energy

b) VFD drives for air handling units.

c) Heat recovery wheels are incorporated to achieve energy savings through pre-cooling of fresh air.

d) Thermal comfort will be maintained at 23+/-2ºC and relative humidity shall be 55+/-5% as per

ASHRAE standard 55.

e) All motor efficiencies will be a minimum of 90% and pump efficiencies shall be a minimum of

65%.

113


f) All AHU fan power will not exceed 0.0006 bhp / cfm and all ventilation fans (fresh air and

exhaust) will not exceed 0.0006 bhp/cfm

Solar Architectural Features Proposed

a) The Building is oriented in the most feasible orientation to conserve energy and also to permit the

required light with limited solar heat entering into the occupied space or interior.

b) 50 % of the building‟s hot water demand is proposed to catered through solar panels

c) The building facade is designed in stepped manner which acts as a positive design element which

provides shading by itself. Thereby the facade limits the entry of solar heat to the possible extent

without an external shading device.

d) Day lighting is harvested to the possible extent to make use of the natural sunlight.

e) High performance glazing whose SHGC value ranging between 0.22 to 0.3 will be used in the

building envelope.

Emissivity & Thermal Characteristics of Roof, Walls, Glass etc:

Thermal characteristics of Roof: The R.CC. roof will be provided with 2inch thick XPS under

deck insulation of R value – 8.011ft2hr/BTU and the roof will be provided with solar reflective

paints / tile with a Solar reflective index more than 79 .

Thermal characteristics Wall: The Wall material for the building envelope would be aerocon

blocks with U value of 0.087 Btu/hrft2

Thermal characteristic of Glass: The proposed glass for the Building facade will be with SHGC

between 0.22 to 0.3 and VLT with minimum of 50%.

Following energy saving measures will be incorporated:

a) Energy Efficient Technologies - high efficiency HVAC chillers, use of variable frequency drives

for AHUs and pumps, heat recovery units and other systems to reduce overall energy

consumption compared to regular buildings

b) High performance facade, excellent natural day lighting coming into the building to minimize

artificial lighting usage during the day.

c) CFC- Free Equipment: Refrigerants used in Heating, Ventilation & Air-conditioning (HVAC)

equipment and unitary air conditioners installed will be CFC free.

d) Lighting: Energy efficient internal and external lighting luminaries (as applicable) which are at

least three star rated under BEE labeling Programme or luminaries which are more efficient will

be installed.

e) Lighting Power Density (LPD): Interior and exterior LPD (as applicable) which is 20% lower

than baseline values will be maintained.

Power Saving Summary for all Building

Sl.

No.

Description Maximum

Demand in

(Kw)

Power

consumption/ye

ar without

Energy saving

measures Kwh

Total

Consumption /

year by using

Energy saving

measures

Difference in

power

consumption

in Kwh

a Common Lighting-

(parking + common areas)

380 1664000 1165000 499000

b Internal Lighting 1266.93 5549000 3329000 2220000

c APFC panel for Lifts and

Water Pumps

1300 5694000 4262000 1432000

d External Lighting 100 438000 298000 140000

114


e Solar Water Heating 180 591000 91000 500000

Total

Total Demand Load (kW) 3227 - - -

Power Consumption in kWH / day 27484 - - -

Consumption in kWH / year

(Without Energy saving measures)

- 13936000 - -

Consumption in kWH / year (With

Energy saving measures)

- - 9145000 -

Difference - - - 4791000

Percentage Saving 34%

10.10 PARKING MANAGEMENT

Following are the details of car parking and two wheeler parking proposed to be provided. Proposed

project car parking is satisfies the prevailing parking norms of Chennai Metropolitan Development

Authority (CMDA).

Details of Parking requested and provided

Type of Parking Total No. of Car Parking

Space Provided

Total No. of Parking Space

Required as per CMDA

Norms

Car parks 1591 1562


10.11 FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES

In the proposed residential complex, entire building design will be based on the National Building

Code (NBC). Fire reserve overhead tanks are provided.

10.11.1Fire Fighting System

It is proposed to provide extensive fire hydrant / protection system for the entire apartments. It is

proposed to provide the facility externally in the area and internally only in the common areas. The

facility is to be terminated at the tapping point on each floor but the total system is being planned

compactable to entire building. The fire fighting system involves following arrangements:

Components Amplified with console, 5 watt ring type recess mounting speaker, microphone,

zone selector panel and wiring.

Speaker location One each in lift lobby area

Fire alarm

system

Hooter and manual call point (MCP) will be provided in all floors near each stair

case.

MCP / Hooter Tyco

PA Tyco / Fire pro /fire flex

10.11.2 Fire Hydrant System

The fire hydrant system consists of fire reserve overhead tanks of suitable capacity for each block at

terrace level. One set of pump consists 2 number main electrical pump , one number pump diesel

pump as standby and one number of jocky pump of required capacity and head are provided in fire

pump room and suctions of pumps connected to required capacity of fire reservoir tank and delivery

lines connected to wet riser cum down comer etc., thus keeping the system under pressure. In the

115


event of fire, the pumps will start automatically. The wet riser cum down comer is also connected to

the fire reserve tank of required capacity at terrace level. It is proposed to provide one set of fire hose

reel with drum, double headed hydrant valves, canvass hoses with branch pipe/ nozzle etc., near the

stair case at each floor landing level housed in a box / cabinet. Since the heights of the building is

exceeding 15 m in height, as per NBC there is need & requirement for providing fire reserve sump of

required capacity at GL or basement floor as per site condition . The fire hydrant system involves

following arrangements:

Standards National building code (NBC) / stipulation of local fire authority in

Tamilnadu

NOC to issue by Tamilnadu fire force department

Type of systems Hydrant system with pressurize down comer in building – each car

parking in covered area / basement floor has sprinklers with required

pressure in case of fire , sprinklers burst at 68 degree temperature and

spray of water falls at high pressure to put off the fire.

Water storage at terrace

level 5,80,000 Lts

Source of water Treated sewage / Private tankers

Pumps & Piping

arrangements

Booster pump 450 LPM of 58 Nos

GI pipes „C‟ class, buried pipe will be protected against by wrapping with

pipe kote Of 4 mm thickness.

No. of down comers 58 Nos. proposed one each near the staircase area

Sprinkler system Stilt floor level for car park area is proposed

Sprinkle bulbs type Pendent type in car parking area in basement floor will be provided

Spacing of sprinkler One for every 6.96 – 9.0 Sq. mt. or less depending on the location

Water Requirement for Fire Fighting (Fire Reserve Sump Capacity) & Adequacy and Location

of Sumps Provided for Fire Reserve

Static fire water storage tank for fire fighting system has been provided at basement floor level of 300

cum capacity for each set of pump.

The water storage capacities of the tanks are as follows:

S. No. Description Capacity (Lts)

1. Underground Water Tanks

a. Fire water storage tanks 2750000

b. Raw water storage tanks 1834000

c. Treated water storage tanks 1558000

d. Rain water storage tanks 1215000

2. Overhead Water Tank

a. Fire water tanks 20,000 litres each block

10.11.3Fire Extinguishers

In addition to fire hydrant and sprinkler system, portable fire extinguishers of various types are

provided near lift lobby in each floor, pump room, transformer room, DG room and lift machine room

etc for fighting light hazard fire. All the extinguishers used in the project area would be with BIS

mark and are located at an easily accessible position without obstructing the normal passage.

The fire extinguishers used in the project area are given below:

One dry chemical powder extinguisher of 10 kgs capacity and 2 fire buckets filled with clean, dry,

fine sand will be provided for every 8 cars in the parking areas.

One CO2 extinguisher of 2 kgs capacity will be provided near the entrance to each main

switchboard room.

116


Two dry chemical powder extinguishers each of 5 kgs capacity will be provided near EB

transformer yard.

One dry chemical powder extinguisher of 10 kgs capacity will be provided near the entrance to

each generator room.

One CO2 extinguisher of 2 kgs capacity will be provided inside each lift machine room.

One water type gas cartridge extinguisher of 9 lts. capacity will be kept near each stair case

landing on every floor.

All the extinguishers used in the project area would be with BIS mark and are located at an easily

accessible position without obstructing the normal passage.

10.11.4Fire Alarm System

In addition to fire hydrant system, it is proposed to provide fire alarm system in the building 28 sets in

each floor, for easy evacuation of the occupants. Manual call points (MCP) / break glass units with

hooter arrangement are provided at every floor near the stair case area. In the event fire on breaking

the glass of MCP, hooter will get activated and helps in immediate evacuation of occupants.

10.11.5 Public address system

In addition to this, it is also proposed to provide public address system in each floor near stair case

area. This will help in addressing / altering the people residents by the security personal through

microphone arrangement.

In the proposed residential complex, entire building design will be based on the National Building

Code (NBC). Fire reserve overhead tanks are provided.

10.12 HEALTH AND SAFETY MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION

Following Health and Safety measures are proposed during the construction phase of the project.

a) Site sanitation and drinking water facilities will be provided for construction labourers

b) First aid facilities will be provided at construction site and periodical health check-up will be

organized

c) Regular disinfection of site against mosquito breeding will be carried out

d) Personal protective equipments (safety belts, safety shoes, helmets etc.) will be provided for

workers

e) Construction area will be barricaded and material delivery will be restricted during night time.

Adequate illumination will be provided during night hours if required.

f) Noise generating equipments will be operated only during day time

g) Occupational health and safety orientation training will be given to all employees consisting of

basic hazard awareness, site-specific hazards, safe working practices, and emergency

procedures

h) Monthly safety assessment meetings will be conducted to identify potential safety issues and

measures to mitigate them.

117


10.13 EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT

The EMS will have a component that would focus on emergency preparedness and management. The

main emergencies that may come up in the proposed project may be because of an accidental fire.

There is also small probability of an earthquake and the protection of buildings from the same would

be taken care of through the building design. Necessary IS specification in this regard should be

complied with in this regard.

Fire protection systems shall be envisaged for the building premises considering the building height

and necessary provisions shall be done for firefighting as per IS codes, National Building Code and as

per regulations of Chief Fire Officer of Firefighting Department.

Emergency prevention through good design, operation, maintenance and inspection are aimed in this

project to reduce the probability of occurrence and consequential effect of such eventualities. The

Emergency Response Plan (ERP) shall be practiced to make use of the combined resources at the site

and outside services to achieve the following:-

Localize the emergency

Minimize effects on property and people

Effective rescue and medical treatment

Evacuation

10.14 ORGANISATIONALSTRUCTURE&RESPONSIBILITY

In addition to regular operational roles & responsibilities defined for the M/s. Alliance Projects

project team, all personnel directly or indirectly have a role to play towards effective environment

management of the project. The entire project team will co-operate with government agencies and

other stakeholders who may have environmental concerns with the project. The major duties and

responsibilities of Environmental Management Cell shall be as given below:

To implement the environmental management plan,

To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations,

To ensure regular operation and maintenance of pollution control devices,

To minimize environmental impacts of operations as by strict adherence to the EMP,

To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule.

Review and interpretation of monitored results and corrective measures in case monitored results

are above the specified limit.

Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable environmental laws as

ready reference.

Maintain environmental related records.

Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants, monitoring laboratories.

Maintain of log of public complaints and the action taken.

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11.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

Environmental monitoring plan is a vital process of any management plan of the development project.

This helps in signalling the potential problems that resulting from the proposed project and will allow

for prompt implementation of effective corrective measures. The environmental monitoring will be

required for the construction and operational phases. The main objectives of environmental

monitoring area:

a) To assess the changes in environmental conditions,

b) To monitor the effective implementation of mitigation measures,

c) Warn significant deteriorations in environmental quality for further prevention action.

The environmental monitoring plan would be as indicated in the table below:

S. No. Description Frequency of Sampling and Analysis

Construction Phase

1. Ambient Air Quality Once in a month

2. Stack Emissions from DG set Once in a month

3. Ambient Noise Level Once in a month

4. Soil Quality Once in a month

5. Ground Water Once in a month

Operation Phase

1. Ambient Air Quality Once in three months

2. Stack Emissions from DG Set Once in three months

3. Ambient Noise Level Once in three months

4. Treated Sewage Once in a week

5. Solid Waste Compost Once in three months

6. Ground Water Once in three months

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12.0 BUDGETARY ALLOCATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT

The budgetary allocation for the various environmental management measures proposed above is

indicated below:

Construction Phase:

Description

Budgetary Allocation

(Rs. In Lakhs)

Capital Expenses

Operational

Expenses

(Per Annum)

Drinking Water & Sanitation (Temporary Toilet)

Facilities 20.00 2.00

Storm Water Management 5.00 1.50

Solid Waste/Debris Management 15.00 3.00

Environmental Monitoring - 1.50

Dust Suppression Measures 12.00 0.75

Occupational Health & Safety 4.00 1.00

Total 56.00 9.75

Operation Phase:

Description

Budgetary Allocation

(Rs. In Lakhs)

Capital Expenses

Operational

Expenses

(Per Annum)

Sewage Treatment Plant & Recycling System 300.00 30.00

Rain Water Harvesting System 105.00 11.00

Solid Waste Management External MoEF/

NABL approved

agency

2.00

Environmental Monitoring 230.00 25.00

Energy Conservation 125.00 15.00

Greenbelt Development (Gardening & Landscaping) 125.00 15.00

Total 885.00 98.00

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13.0 RECOMMENDATIONS

In order for the proposed development to be successful and to have the least negative possible impacts

on the natural environment and socio – economic environment the following are recommended:

All recommendations and mitigation measures as per the specialist reports must be adhered to;

The EMP must form part of the tender process / bill of quantity in order for contractors to budget

accordingly;

It is recommended that an independent Environmental Control Officer (ECO) be appointed to

monitor all construction activities and to ensure that the contractor and sub-contractor comply

with the EMP;

Residents that will be staying in the proposed Residential Development should be informed of the

environmental sensitive areas located within the development;

STPs and OWC facilities must be used and regular monitoring on the performance of treatment

facilities should be done;

NO activity can take place in the watercourse;

Local labourers must be used.

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14.0 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION The proposed project is a Mixed use development construction project. There is a big need for

housing, better services and jobs within the Chennai City but also within the surrounding

environments. There is also a great need and expectation to protect the natural environments within

the fast growing urban areas and especially area located on the periphery of the urban and rural

environments.

The Project Team has worked with the different stakeholders, authorities and the local community to

ensure that the proposed project address both the social concerns as well as the environmental

concerns. Although the proposed development will have a negative impact on the environment there

is also the possibility for the development to positively affect the environment.

During construction and operation phases there may be minor environmental issues of air, water and

soil pollution. During construction phase air pollution may be due to dust, vehicular movements by

transportation and material handling, etc and during the operation phase emissions may occur from

the diesel generators. Water Pollution is not much significant due to this proposed project since proper

waste water management is proposed to be carried out. Also, the noise generated during construction

and operation phase caused due to vehicular movements and machineries will be minimized using

proper adequate preventive measures. Further, the proposed project will include proper solid waste

management techniques which would prevent the environment from any adverse effects caused due to

solid waste generated from the proposed project site.

This will however only happen if the mitigation measures and the recommendations, as mentioned in

the report are implemented successfully. It is essential that the Environmental Management Plan be

implemented during construction but also during the operational period of the proposed development.

It is therefore requested that the project be authorised by the SEIAA, in terms of the conditions and

requirements of this report and that the development of the project be managed in terms of the

recommendations as given in this report.

It is also recommended that the positive impacts that emanate from such activities shall be maximised

as much as possible. It is expected that these measures will go a long way in ensuring the best

possible environmental compliance and performance standards.

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15.0 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED This REIA report [Form I & IA or EIA in case of construction projects] is prepared on behalf of the

proponents, taking inputs from proponent‟s office staff, their R & D wing, Architects, Project

Management Professionals etc. by Environmental Consultants M/s Eco Services India Private

Limited, Chennai who have been [provisionally] accredited by QCI-NABET vide official

memorandum of MoEF.

Details of accreditations are enclosed in Annexure - XVIII.

Documents

RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT …environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FormB/EC/EIA...Architect: R J Architects PVT LTD, Anna Nagar, Chennai – 600040. Geotechnical Consultant: