READINESS OF THE SANDF - PMG

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READINESS OF THE

the sandf Department Defence REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

SANDF

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AIM

To provide an Update of the Readiness Status of the SANDF

to the

Joint Standing Committee on Defence

02 December 2016

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Department: Defence REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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SCOPE • Introduction • Constitution • Functions of the SANDF • Policy Development • Mandate • Additional Obligations • Joint Force Employment Missions • Current Deployments • Budget allocation

• Human resource Implications • Closing Remarks

• the sandf De.partmenl: Oefenoe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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1996

1998: Defence Review

White Paper on Defence

1999 White Paper on the

Defence-Related Industry

2004

The andate Driv.en

Defence Strategy 2010 - 2030

Process


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CONSTITUTIONAL MANDATE OF THE SANDF

The Constitution of the RSA, 1996

The Defence Act, 2002 {No 42 of 2002)

MANDATE {Section 200) The Defence Force must be structured and managed as a disciplined military force

The primary object of the defence force is to defend and protect the Republic, its territorial integrity and its people in accordance with the Constitution and the principles of international law regulating the use of force.

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' . . . • the sandf Department: Oefenoe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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CONSTITUTIONAL MANDATE OF THE SANDF

MANDATE (Section 201)

• A member of the Cabinet must be responsible for defence.

• Only the President, as head of the national executive, may authorise the employment of the defence force-

- in co-operation with the police service; - in Defence of the Republic; or

- in fulfilment of an international obligation

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the sandf Department Defen ce REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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FUNCTIONS OF THE SANDF

Sect 227 of the Constitution, 1993

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the sandf Oepartmenl: Defenoe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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FUNCTIONS OF THE SANDF The South African National Defence Force may, subject to this Constitution, be employed-

(a) for service in the defence of the Republic, for the protection of its sovereignty and territorial integrity;

(b) for service in compliance with the international obligations of the Republic with regard to international bodies and other states;

(c) for service in the preservation of life, health or property;

(d) for service in the provision or maintenance of essential services;

(e) for service in the upholding of law and order in the Republic in co .. operation with the South African Police Service

(f)

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for service in support of any department of state for the purpose of socio-economic upliftment .

the sandf Department: Defenoe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY

the sandf Department Defence REPUBUC OF SOUTH AFRICA

To protect our sovereignty, territorial integrity; including our air space, islands, territorial waters, EEZ and extended continental shelf claims and cyberdomain.

South Africa's Maritime Zones 9

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BORDER SAFEGUARDING J TOTAL AIR BORDER: 7 660 km

TOTAL LAND BORDER: 4 471 km

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' . TOTAL MARITIME BORDER: 3 924 km

TOTAL EEZ AREA: 1 553 000 km1

TOTAL LAND SURFACE: 1219 090 km2

TOTAL MARITIME AREA: 4 340 000 km'

NAMIBIA

RSA/NAM: 897 km

RSA/ZIM: 214 km

ZIMBABWE

MOZAMBIQUE BOTSWANA

RSA/MOZ: 417km

RSA/MOZ: 76 km

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BORDER SAFEGUARDING

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South Africa's Maritime Zones

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FREEDOM OF SOUTH AFRICA TO TRADE

TRADE AND OIL ROUTES

• the sandf Department: Oefen oe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

To ensure the freedom to trade, including the free use of land, air and sea trade routes and the safety and security of trade and transport hubs.

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INTERNATIONAL TREATY OBLIGATIONS -

REGION G

I I IHO CHARTING REGION H I I I I I

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HVDROGRAPHIC

S LIMIT OF REGION H 60QS

IHO/IMO NAVARFA.Vll CO-OHOINATOR - nsA

REGION J

300$

IHO CHARTING REGION H

HYDROGRAPHIC RESPONSIBILITIES IN SOUTHERN AFRICA

REGION H - CHARTING RESPONSIBILITY:

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POOl IJGAll M02A!>\8!QUE

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rAANCC

- - ,.. LIMIT OF NAVA.Rf A VII ~ RSA lltdfOi!<aplltt Co-ordinator

- llMlt or 1110 ( llARllNG RIGIOM ll

IHO/IMO N1WAREA-Vll CO-ORDINATOR - RSA IHO CHARTING REGION M l lOTHC<OA~T or ANlAR11CA I ~~-~--~-~~-~~-~~~~-~--~-~-~--------~-~-~~~~~--~~

the sandf Oepartmanl: Defenoe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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INTERNATIONAL TREATY OBLIGATIONS - SEARCH AND RESCUE

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the sandf Department: Defence REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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Securing SA Border Posts and Borderline is a Sizeable Task Ports of entry

730 registered airports (10 international airports)

>53 Formal land border posts (Botswana 17, Lesotho 14, Namibia 6, Swaziland 11, Zimbabwe 1,Mozambique 4)

111 Ports (8 Commercial ports, 11 noncommercial ports, 92 small harbours)

Borderline

> 1.2 million square kilometers of air space

>4800 km of land border (Botswana 1840km, Namibia 967 km, Lesotho 909km, Mozambique 491 km, Swaziland 430km, Zimbabwe 225km)

~2800 km of coastline

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PEACE STABILITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

the sandf Department: Defenoe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

To work with partner states to achieve the peace, security and stability in the region, creating conditions for economic growth and development and the expansion of markets in Africa.

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JOINT FORCE EMPLOYMENT MISSIONS

OF THE SANDF

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JOINT FORCE EMPLOYMENT MISSIONS • Conventional Defence of the RSA

• Rear area defence

• Defence of vital and strategic assets

• Defence against an un-conventional threat (Guerilla type warfare/ activities)

• Defence against an non-conventional threat (Terrorism/ non-linear type activities)

• Defence against a chemical/ biological/ radiological (CSR) threat

• Defence against an Information Warfare (IW) threat

• Border Safeguarding

• Peace Support Operations {PSO)

• General Military Assistance Tasks

• Support the Development of the SADC Standby Force {SADC SF)

• Safety and Security (To the South African government and with the SAPS in all probability appointed as the lead department)

• Disaster Relief and Humanitarian Assistance

• Search and Rescue

• Provisioning of Essential Services

• Presidential Support

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CURRENT DEPLOYMENTS

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CURRENT DEPLOYMENTS {Internal)

• Op CORONA - Border Safeguarding

Five border areas currently covered with 15 sub-units. (160 members per sub-unit) and Attached support elements

•Op CHARIOT - Disaster Aid & Relief

As and when required.

•Op PROSPER - Cooperation with the Police

As and when required:.

• Op ARABELLA - Search & Rescue

• As and when required .


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OP CORONA ...- .-

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LOG AND SIG SUP FROM PORT ELIZABETH

400 600 800 1000

CURRENT DEPLOYMENTS (External)

• Op MISTRAL {DRC) - One battalion (+) (1230)

• Op COPPER {Moz Channel) - One frigate (160)

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t he sandf . Department: Oefen oo RE.PUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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ATLANTIC

OCEAN

Current Deployments

(External)

- - - - - - -- - --

Op MISTRAL UN Stabilisation Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO)

- - - - - - -

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CURRENT STATUS OF THE SANDF BUDGET ALLOCATION

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the sandf Oe.partment Defen ce REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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THE DEFENCE DILEMMA

Defence Budget Speech 2016

We have consistently indicated to this House that the defence allocation should be incrementally increasing towards at least 2% of GDP, yet . . . . . . . . . . defence is consistently 50% underfunded, with compounding effects on our ability to conduct operations.

the sandf Department: Defen oe REPUBLICOFSOUTHAF~CA

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• the sandf Department: Os fence REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

THE DEFENCE DILEMMA Estlnutn of Hatlorul Exptnd~ure (EllEJ Just~. Crim• PrevenUon & Soeurity

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E$~Mal0$ or NaUonal hpen<f~uro (ENE) as a% of Govtmmtnl E"'!>•ndi!Uf• (GE) ... .. u .

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EstiMJtts of National Expendlturt (EllEJ u a% of Gross DomtsUc Prod~ (GDP) .. ,

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CONTINENTAL DEFENCE ALLOCATION·(% OF GDP)

• the sandf Department: Defence REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

BUDGET ALLOCATION OF THE 2017 MTEF

Programme Vote Medium-term Expenditure Estimate (R'OOO)

2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Administration 5 105 108 5 380 834 5 628 302 5 947121

Force Employment 3 899 635 3 688 564 3 660 971 3 749 834

Landward Defence 15 651 438 16 550 196 17 134 255 18 160 823

Air Defence 6 883 527 6 628 007 7 145 827 8572 239

Maritime Defence 4 355 880 4 790 003 4 893 359 4 482 369

Military Health Support 4 416 816 4 586 699 4 905 576 5 371 285

Defence Intelligence 900 248 917 277 947 915 1 002 207

General Support 5 911 093 6077210 6 294 109 6 680 561

TOTAL 47169 745 48 618 790 50 610 314 53 966 439

* Provisional Allocation for 2017 MTEF dd 28 October 2016 28

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HR ALLOCATION MTEF 2017

Original Allocation

HR Cut

HR Ceiling

HR Div Projection based on feet on the ground as on 31 March 2016

Shortfall

Additional HR Funding Requirements not in HR Projections

Total HR Requirement

the sandf Department: Defence REPUBLtC OF SOUTH AFRICA

28,344 30,027 31,782

(1,897) (2,911) (3, 146)

26,447 27, 116 28,635

28, 140 30,517 32,268

-1,693 -3,401 -3,633

1,323 1, 703 1,921

-3,016 -5, 104 -5,554

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HUMAN RESSOURCE IMPLICATIONS

• Reduction in the Compensation of Employees implies that the DOD must reduce it's manpower

• FY2016/17

• FY2017/18

• FY2018/19

• FY2019/20

• Total

• the sandf Department: Defence REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

3504 6455 3765 2462 16186

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HUMAN RESSOURCE IMPLICATIONS

• Reduced MSDS intakes from Jan 2013 worsened the situation

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• DOD considers no MSDS intake in the next 2 years as option to stay within allocation


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HUMAN RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS

• Increased skills gap

• Loss of expertise

• Low morale • Outsourcing of Services

• Expensive

• Increased knowledge gap • Fast tracking of Personnel

• Loss of Experience

• A continuously ageing workforce • Impact on rejuvenation

• the sandf Department Oefenoe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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MILITARY JUSTICE • The current Military Discipline Supplementary

Measures Act, Act 16 of 1999, disempowers the Commander to enforce discipline.

• In terms of sections 11 and 29(6) of the Act, Commanders cannot handle minor disciplinary offences if the accused plead not guilty but must refer the case to the military courts.·

• As a solution to this challenge, the DOD has drafted the Military Discipline Bill in order to empower Commanders to enforce discipline. The Bill is in final stage of approval.

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• the sandf Oepartmenl: Defence REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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Concluding Remarks

• The budget allocation is insufficient to maintain an effective defense force and satisfy obligations.

• The SANDF cannot rejuvenate through the Military Skills Development System (MSDS) to the level it planned due to budget cuts.

• There are not sufficient funds to employ the Reserves and mitigate the shortages in the Regular Force environment to meet operational requirements.

• A substantial portion of the DOD budget (57%) is spent on Human Resources-related functions at the expense of operating & capital outputs.

• Budgetary constraints are therefore contributing negatively to the Readiness of the Defence Force. 34

• ~~;m~n~ndf Defence REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

DISCUSSION

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• the sandf Oepartmenl: Oefenoe REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

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READINESS OF THE SANDF - PMG