Refueling Spillage Control For Refueling Spillage Control For Small Off-Road EnginesSmall Off-Road Engines

Air Resources Board August 6, 1998Dean Bloudoff

Refueling Spillage Control WorkshopRefueling Spillage Control Workshop

The Components of Refueling Emissions

Performance Specifications for ‘Spill-Proof’ refueling system.

Preliminary Test Data.Spillage Emissions Inventory.

Components of Refueling Components of Refueling Emissions Emissions

Equipment Refueling Spillage. Vapor Displacement During Refueling

Event. Container Spillage During Transport and

Storage. Container Diurnal and Breathing or

Resting Losses. Missing: Container Vapor Displacement

Equipment CategoriesEquipment Categories

Lawn and Garden - 4,487,694Pleasure Craft (Recreational Marine) -

858,480Recreational Equipment (Off-Road) -

471,238Light Commercial Equipment - 296,117Industrial Equipment - 6,972

Emissions ReductionsEmissions Reductions Conservative Estimate Approximately 15

TPD of Hydrocarbons (HC). HC Emissions Only. Gasoline Fueled 2 and 4 Stroke Engines. Assume 100% Container Fills For 0 - 25 hp. Assume Container Refueling For Some

Categories >25 hp (ex: Personal Watercraft).

‘‘Spill-Proof’ Container Spill-Proof’ Container Performance SpecificationsPerformance Specifications

Automatic Fuel Shut-Off To Prevent Overfilling.

Container Closed When Not In Use (with or without nozzle attached).

Container Vented Only Through Nozzle. Ability To Recover Displaced Refueling

Vapors. Minimum Fuel Flow Rate (1 L in 15 Sec?). One Year Warranty.

ImplementationImplementation

Proposed Regulation Adopted By ARB Spring ‘99.

Mfgr’s Comply w/ New Regulation Jan. 1, 2001 (Proposed).

Average Container Life Span 6 years.Full Compliance by 2007.

Preliminary Test DataPreliminary Test Data

Developed Test Bench to Quantify HC Emissions.

Conducted Controlled Refueling Tests.

Prototype Test BenchPrototype Test Bench

Test Bench DataTest Bench Data

HC Emissions Using Portable FID @ 1 Sec Intervals.

Constant Flow Rate In Duct, Monitored w/ Velocity Sensor.

Ambient Temp and Pressure, Duct Temp.

Container Weighed Before & After Refueling Event.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

HC

(ppm

)

3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12Fueling Events

Max Concentration Value & Grams Of Fuel Transferred

HC MaxFuel Transferred/g

DRAFT ONLYDRAFT ONLY

Conventional vs. Spillproof DataConventional vs. Spillproof Data DRAFT ONLY DRAFT ONLY

Concentration Data

0200400600800

10001200

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180Time (sec)

Con

cent

ratio

n R

ange

(ppm

)

ConventionalSpill Proof

Spillage Emissions InventorySpillage Emissions Inventory

Assume 100% Container Fills For 0-25 hp.

Assume 100% Pump Fills >25 hp.Two Exceptions To Above: Personal

Watercraft & Off-Road Recreation.Assume All Refuelings Are Fill-Ups

Spillage Emissions FactorsSpillage Emissions Factors

Refueling Event: 17 g/eventTransport & Storage: 20 g/galContainer Diurnal & Breathing:

1g/gal/dayDisplaced Vapor: 1g/gal

Next StepsNext Steps

Consensus Needed On Performance Specs.

New Products Needed For Larger Container Openings.

Emissions Data.Economic Impact Survey.

Tentative Regulatory ScheduleTentative Regulatory Schedule

Emissions Inventory Presented For Board Consideration December ‘98.

January ‘99 Workshop For Proposed Control Measure.

Staff Report For Proposed Control Measure Will Be Issued 45 Days Prior to Board Consideration in Spring ‘99.

For More InformationFor More Information

http:/www.arb.ca.gov/spillcon/spillcon.htm

Dean Bloudoff - (916) 263-2070Email -

dbloudof@cleanair.arb.ca.gov