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REFUGE AREA - ELEVATORS ,SHAFTS
NAME:
TYPES OF ELEVATORS.
Elevators are generally powered by electric motors that
either
drive traction cables or counterweight systems like a hoist,
or
pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like a
jack.
Hydraulic lifts use the principles of hydraulics to pressurize
an
above ground or in-ground piston to raise and lower the car.
Hydraulic lifts are cheaper, but installing cylinders greater
than a
certain length becomes impractical for very high lift
hoistways.
Hydraulic lifts are usually slower than traction lifts.
contain building components necessary
for the operation of elevator. Its dimension depends upon
elevator
model, door design and type of drive. They must have
ventilation
and smoke extracting openings. The cross section of these
openings is generally 2.5% of the shaft floor area, with
minimum
cross section stipulated as 0.1m.sq.
the bottom end of the shaft is called pit. The depth
of the pit is measured from the top edge of the finished floor
at the
lowest elevator stop to the top edge of the finished floor of
the pit
floor. The minimum depth of pit is determined by:
space required for construction
over run and safety space stipulated by regulations
The pit sits directly on the foundation. Shaft pits that are 1
to 2.5m
deep must be equipped with a removable access ladder. Pits with
a
depth greater than 2.5m must have a secure access door to a
building floor..
It is the upper section of the shaft measured
from the top edge of the finished floor at the uppermost
stop
to the bottom edge of the shaft ceiling.
The size of the shaft access points is
determined by the door design while their location is
defined
by shaft symmetry.
Depending upon the type of drive
machine room is located either at the top above the shaft or
at the bottom next to it.
ELEVATOR SHAFT
SHAFT PIT
SHAFT HEAD
SHAFT ACCESS
MACHINE ROOM
-
HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS
onventional hydraulic elevators. They use an
underground cylinder, are quite common for low
level buildings with 25 floors (sometimes but
seldom up to 68 floors), and have speeds of up to
200 feet/minute (1 meter/second).
Passenger elevators should be located at the circulation
core
of the building and be grouped into banks when this is
necessary and desirable.
The required umber of elevators is determined by:
Building type
Building height
Number of stops
Floor use
Passenger volume
PASSENGER ELEVATORS
fire resistant glass.GLASS FOR FIRE PROTECTION PURPOSES IS
DIVIDED
INTO
TWO CATEGORIES:
G - GLASS
THIS TYPE OF GLASS PREVENTS FLAMES AND FUMES
FROM PENETRATING FOR A SPECIFIED LENGTH OF TIME .
F - GLASS
THIS TYPE PREVENTS FLAMES AND FUMES FROM
PENETRATING FOR A SPECIFIED LENGTH OF TIME BUT
CONTAINS THE HEAT RADIATION PRODUCED BY THE FIRE.
The cavities between the panes of glass are filled with
FIRE RESISTANT GEL .When THE glass is exposed to fire
.THIS glass laminated into a 26mm thick single .
TRACTION ELEVATORS
Geared traction machines are driven by AC or DC
electric motors. Geared machines use gears to control
mechanical movement of elevator cars by rolling steel
hoist ropes over a drive sheave which is attached to
a gearbox driven by a high speed motor. These
machines are generally the best option for basement or
overhead traction use for speeds up to 500 ft/min
(2.5 m/s).
Stretcher elevator -
Stretcher elevator also cater to the health sector by
providing specialized range of Stretcher Elevators suited
for application in hospitals health centres and other
similar
places. A Stretcher Elevator provides highly stable and
smooth operation as it utilizes inverter control technology
and lowest noise mechanism.
STRETCHER ELEVATOR:
ASMAFAROOQ 804
Capsule elevators
