Regents Biology 2006-2007

Regents Biology 2006-2007

Photosynthesis:Life from Light and Air

Regents Biology

Energy needs of life All life needs a constant input of energy

Animals = Heterotrophs get their energy from “eating others”

eat food = other organisms = organic molecules

make energy through respiration Plants = Autotrophs

get their energy from “self”get their energy from sunlightbuild organic molecules (food) from CO2

make energy through photosynthesis

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

Photosynthesis

This is the equation you are used to seeing, but this is not the whole story…

+ water + energy glucose + oxygencarbondioxide

6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2light

energy+ ++

Regents Biology

How do plants live? Photosynthesis

Energy building reactions collect sun energy make ATP

Sugar building reactions use ATP for energy use CO2 as carbon for new sugars

build sugars glucose, cellulose, starch

build all other organic molecules proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA

store energy for future use starch in seeds & roots

Regents Biology

Photosynthesis Actually 2 separate reactions

Energy building use sunlight make energy (ATP)

Sugar building use ATP use CO2

make sugars (C6H12O6)

Energybuilding reactions

Sugarbuilding reactions

sun

ATPADP

CO2sugar

Regents Biology

CO2

Chloroplasts

Chloroplasts

LeafLeaf

Chloroplast

absorbsunlight & CO2

makeenergy & sugar

Chloroplastscontain

Chlorophyll

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

Energy Building Reactions

O2

H2O

Energy BuildingReactions

sunlight

ATP

H2O ATP O2light

energy ++

makes ATP energy releases oxygen

as a waste product

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

Sugar Building Reactions

sugarsC6H12O6

CO2

SugarBuilding

Reactions

ATP

CO2 C6H12O6 ADPATP ++

ADP

builds sugars uses ATP cycles ADP

back to make more ATP

Regents Biology

Putting it all together

sugarsC6H12O6

CO2

ATP

ADP

H2O

O2

sunlight

CO2 H2O C6H12O6 O2light

energy + ++

SugarBuilding

Reactions

Energy Building

Reactions

Plants make both: ATP sugars

Regents Biology

Bring In CO2

H2O light

Let Out O2

Move Around sugars

So what does a plant need?

6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2light

energy + ++

roots

shoot

leaves

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

Leaf Structure

H2O CO2

CO2

O2 H2O

phloem (sugar)xylem (water)

stomate guardcell

palisadeslayer

spongylayer

cuticleepidermis

gases in & out water out

transpiration O2

Regents Biology

Stomates Function of stomates

CO2 in

O2 out

H2O out

guard cell

stomate

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

Xylemcarry water up from roots

Regents Biology

Phloem: food-conducting cells

carry sugars around the plant wherever they are needed new leavesfruitseeds

Regents Biology

Putting it all together Making a living…

sunlight leaves = solar collectors photosynthesis

gases: CO2 in & O2 out stomates = gases in & out

H2O roots take in water from soil pulled up by leaf evaporation

nutrients roots take in from soil

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

How are they connected?

glucose + oxygen carbon + water + energydioxide

C6H12O6 6O2 6CO2 6H2O ATP+ + +

Respiration

+ water + energy glucose + oxygencarbondioxide

6CO2 6H2O C6H12O6 6O2light

energy + ++

Photosynthesis

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

H2O

Energy cycle

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

sun

The Great Circleof Life!

Where’s Mufasa?

glucose O2CO2

plants

animals, plants

ATP

Regents Biology

Regents Biology

The poetic perspective All of the solid material of every plant

was built out of thin air All of the solid material of every animal

was built from plant material

Then all the cats, dogs, mice, people & elephants…

are really strands of air woven together by sunlight!

sunair