Remedial law cases

7/18/2019 Remedial law cases

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EN BANCLA MALLORCA, petitioner , vs. HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS,MARIANO BELTRAN, ET AL., respondents. [G.R. No. L-20761. July 27,1966.]

G. E. Yabut, R. Monterey and M. C. Lagman for p!"!"onr. Achmed

Garcia for r#pondn!#.

1. C$%%$N CARR&ER'( CARR&ER - )A''ENGER RELA*&$N C$N*&N+E'+N*&L )A''ENGER A' REA'$NABLE *&%E *$ LEAE CARR&ER')RE%&'E'. / * rla!"on of arr"r and pa##nr do# no! a# a!! 3o3n! ! pa##nr al"!# fro3 ! arr"r# 4"l a! a pla#l!d 5y ! arr"r a! ! po"n! of d#!"na!"on, 5u! on!"nu# un!"l! pa##nr a# ad a ra#ona5l !"3 or a ra#ona5l oppor!un"!y!o la4 ! arr"r# pr3"## $r3ond 4#. ay#, 60 *. 180, "!d "n10 C.J. 626.

2. &:.( &:.( ;REA'$NABLE *&%E; C$N'*R+E:. / <a! "# a ra#ona5l!"3 or a ra#ona5l dlay "# !o 5 d!r3"nd fro3 all !

"ru3#!an#. *u#, a pr#on =o, af!r al"!"n fro3 a !ra"n, =al>#alon ! #!a!"on pla!for3, "# on#"drd #!"ll a pa##nr ?f 4#.Bo#!on, !. R. Co., 1@2 %a##. 21, 7 N.E. 87@. 'o al#o, =r apa##nr a# al"!d a! "# d#!"na!"on and "# prod"n 5y !u#ual =ay !o la4 ! o3pany# pr3"##, 5u! 5for a!ually do"n#o "# al!d 5y ! rpor! !a! "# 5ro!r, a fllo= pa##nr, a# 5n#o!, and "n ood fa"! and ="!ou! "n!n! of na"n "n !d"ul!y, r!urn# !o rl"4 "# 5ro!r, "# d3d ra#ona5ly andn##ar"ly dlayd and !u# on!"nu# !o 5 a pa##nr n!"!ld a##u !o ! pro!!"on of ! ra"lroad and o3pany and "!# an!#Layn 4#. C#apa>, !., R. Co., 68 <. a. 21, 69 '.E. 700, 1L.R.A., [N.'.] @1@.

. &:.( &:.( CARR&ER' RE')$N'&B&L&*D $R NEGL&GENCE( CA'E A* BAR./ &n ! pr#n! a#, ! fa!r r!urnd !o ! 5u# !o ! on of "#5aa# =" =a# no! unloadd =n nd o!r 335r# of "#fa3"ly al"!d fro3 ! 5u#. * 4"!"3, on of "# 3"nor dau!r#,3u#! a4 follo=d r fa!r. o=4r, al!ou ! fa!r =a# #!"llon ! runn"n 5oard of ! 5u# a=a"!"n for ! ondu!or !o and !o"3 ! 5a or 5ayon, ! 5u# #!ar!d !o run, #o !a! 4n !fa!r ad !o Fu3p do=n fro3 ! 3o4"n 4"l. &! =a# a! !"#"n#!an !a! ! "ld, =o 3u#! 5 nar ! 5u#, =a# run o4r and>"lld. ld &n ! "ru3#!an#, "! anno! 5 la"3d !a! !arr"r# an! ad r"#d ! ;u!3o#! d"l"n;of a ;4ry au!"ou#pr#on; rHu"rd 5y Ar!"l 17 of ! C"4"l Cod !o 5 o5#r4d 5y a

o33on arr"r "n ! d"#ar oI!# o5l"a!"on !o !ran#por! #afly "!#pa##nr#. &n ! Ir#! pla, ! dr"4r, al!ou #!opp"n ! 5u#,d"d no! pu! o ! n"n. 'ondly, #!ar!d !o run ! 5u# 4n5for ! 5u# ondu!or a4 "3 ! #"nal !o o and ="l ! la!!r=a# #!"ll unload"n a 5aa of #o3 pa##nr#. *pr#n of #a"d pa##nr# nar ! 5u# =a# no! unra#ona5l and

!y ar, !rfor, !o 5 on#"drd #!"ll a# pa##nr# of ! arr"r,n!"!ld !o ! pro!!"on undr !"r on!ra! of arr"a.

@. &:.( &:.( &:.( AER%EN* $R K+A'&-:EL&C*, AL*$+G&NC$%)A*&BLE <&* CLA&% +N:ER C$N*RAC* $ CARR&AGE,)ER%&''&BLE. / * "nlu#"on of ! a4r3n! for Hua#"-dl"! "nappll# o3pla"n! "n ! our! a Huo, ="l "no3pa!"5l ="! !o!r la"3 undr ! on!ra! of arr"a, "# pr3"##"5l undr '!"on2, Rul 8 of ! n= Rul# of Cour!, =" allo=# a pla"n!" !o allau## of a!"on "n ! al!rna!"4, 5 !y o3pa!"5l ="! a o!ror no!, !o ! nd !a! ! ral 3a!!r "n on!ro4r#y 3ay 5 r#ol4dand d!r3"nd Nlayan, ! al. 4#. Nlayan, ! al., 109 )"l., 18.

. &:.( &:.( &:.( &:.( EEC* $ )RE'EN*A*&$N $ )R$$ $ CARR&ER'NEGL&GENCE( CA'E A* BAR. - * pr#n!a!"on of proofof !nl"n of "!# 3ploy a4 r"# !o ! pr#u3p!"on !a! !dfndan! 3ployr d"d no! r"# ! d"l"n ofa oodfa!r of ! fa3"ly "n ! #l!"on and #upr4"#"on of "!# 3ploy#. *"# pr#u3p!"on no! a4"n 5n o4ro3, ! 3ployr 3u#! 5adFudd pun"ar"ly l"a5l for ! da! of ! pa##nr.

6. &:.( &:.( &:.( &:.( &:.( '+&C&EN* ALLEGA*&$N &N *E C$%)LA&N*(CA'E A* BAR. / * alla!"on "n ! o3pla"n! !o ! ! !a! ;!da! of RaHul Bl!ran, pla"n!"# dau!r, =a# au#d 5y !nl"n and =an! of r"# of ! u!3o#! d"l"n of a 4ryau!"ou# pr#on on ! par! of ! dfndan!# and !"r an!,;

#u"n!ly plad# ! culpa or nl"n upon =" ! la"3 =a#prd"a!d. *"# alla!"on =a# pro4d =n "! =a# #!a5l"#d dur"n! !r"al !a! ! dr"4r, 4n 5for r"4"n ! propr #"nal fro3! ondu!or, and ="l !r =r #!"ll pr#on# on ! runn"n5oard of ! 5u# and nar "!, #!ar!d !o run o ! 4"l.

7. A))EAL'( <A* CAN BE )A''E: +)$N $N A))EAL( CA'E A* BAR. /Gnrally, ! applla! our! an only pa## upon and on#"drHu#!"on# or "##u# ra"#d and arud "n appllan!# 5r"f. &n ! a#a! 5ar, pla"n!"# d"d no! appal fro3 !a! por!"on of ! Fud3n! of !!r"al our! a=ard"n !3 only ),000.00 a# da3a# for !da! of !"r dau!r. N"!r d"d !y po"n! ou! "n !"r 5r"f "n



! Cour! of Appal# !a! ! a=ard =a# "nadHua!, or !a! !"nlu#"on of !a! Iur =a# 3rly a lr"al rror, "n ordr !a! !3a!!r 3ay 5 !ra!d a# an p!"on !o ! nral rul '!"on 7,Rul 1, n= Rul# of Cour!. * Cour! of Appal# !rfor rrd "nra"#"n ! a3oun! of ! a=ard.

BARRERA, J .La %allora #># ! r4"= of ! d"#"on of ! Cour! of Appal# "nCA- G. R. No. 2267-R, old"n "! l"a5l for Hua#"-dl"! and ordr"n "!!o pay !o r#pondn!# %ar"ano Bl!ran, ! al. )6,000.00 for !da! of "# 3"nor dau!r RaHul Bl!ran, plu# )@00.00 a# a!ualda3a#.

* fa!# of ! a#, a# found 5y ! Cour! of Appal#, 5r"y ar

;$n :35r 20, 19, a! a5ou! noon!"3, pla"n!"#, u#5andand ="f, !o!r ="! !"r 3"nor dau!r#, na3ly %"laro#, 1yar# old, RaHul, a5ou! @-1M2 yar# old, and , o4r 2 yar# old,5oardd ! )a35u#o Bu# No. 2, 5ar"n pla! *)+ No. 77

19 )a3pana, o=nd and opra!d 5y ! dfndan!, a! 'anrnando, )a3pana, 5ound for Anao, %"o, )a3pana. A! !!"3, !y =r arry"n ="! !3 four p"# of 5aa#on!a"n"n !"r pr#onal 5lon"n#. * ondu!or of ! 5u# =oappnd !o 5 a alf-5ro!r of pla"n!" %ar"ano Bl!ran, "##ud!r !">!# E#. A, B, C o4r"n ! full far# of ! pla"n!" and !"r ld#! "ld, %"laro#. No far =a# ard on RaHul and, #"n 5o! =r 5lo= ! "! a! =" far "# ard "naordan ="! ! appllan!# rul# and rula!"on#.

;Af!r a5ou! an our# !r"p, ! 5u# rad Anao, =ra! "!#!oppd !o allo= ! pa##nr# 5ound !rfor, a3on =o3=r ! pla"n!"# and !"r "ldrn !o ! o. <"! r#p! !o !

roup of ! pla"n!"#, %ar"ano Bl!ran, !n arry"n #o3 of !"r5aa#, =a# ! Ir#! !o ! do=n ! 5u#, follo=d 5y "# ="fand "# "ldrn. %ar"ano ld "# o3pan"on# !o a #add #po! on! lf! pd#!r"an# #"d of ! road a5ou! four or I4 3!r# a=ayfro3 ! 4"l. Af!r=ard#, r!urnd !o ! 5u# "n on!ro4r#y!o ! "# o!r bayong, =" ad lf! 5"nd, 5u! "n #o do"n,"# dau!r RaHul follo=d "3 unno!"d 5y r fa!r. <"l#a"d %ar"ano Bl!ran =a# on ! runn"n 5oard of ! 5u# =a"!"nfor ! ondu!or !o and "3 "# bayong =" lf! undron of "!# #a!# nar ! door( ! 5u#, =o# 3o!or =a# no! #u!o ="l unload"n, #uddnly #!ar!d 3o4"n for=ard, 4"dn!ly !or#u3 "!# !r"p, no!="!#!and"n ! fa! !a! ! ondu!or a# no!

"4n ! dr"4r ! u#!o3ary #"nal !o #!ar!, #"n #a"d ondu!or=a# #!"ll a!!nd"n !o ! 5aa lf! 5"nd 5y %ar"ano Bl!ran.&n"dn!ally, =n ! 5u# =a# aa"n plad "n!o a o3pl! #!op,"! ad !ra4lld a5ou! !n 3!r# fro3 ! po"n! =r !pla"n!"# ad o!!n o.

;'n#"n !a! ! 5u# =a# aa"n "n 3o!"on, %ar"ano Bl!ran"33d"a!ly Fu3pd fro3 ! runn"n 5oard ="!ou! !!"n"# bayong fro3 ! ondu!or. landd on ! #"d of ! roadal3o#! "n fron! of ! #add pla =r lf! "# ="f and"ldrn. A! !a! pr"# !"3, #a= popl 5"nn"n !o a!raround ! 5ody of ! "ld ly"n pro#!ra! on ! round, r#>ull, ru#d, and ="!ou! l"f. * "ld =a# non o!r !an "#dau!r RaHul, =o =a# run o4r 5y ! 5u# "n =" # rodarl"r !o!r ="! r parn!#.

;or ! da! of !"r #a"d "ld, ! pla"n!"# o33nd !pr#n! #u"! aa"n#! ! dfndan! #>"n !o ro4r fro3 !la!!r an ara! a3oun! of )6,000 !o o4r 3oral da3a# and

a!ual da3a# #u#!a"nd a# a r#ul! !rof and a!!orny# f#.Af!r !r"al on ! 3r"!# ! our! 5lo= rndrd ! Fud3n! "nHu#!"on.;

$n ! 5a#"# of !# fa!#, ! !r"al our! found dfndan! l"a5l for5ra of on!ra! of arr"a and #n!nd "! !o pay ),000.00 for! da! of ! "ld and )@00.00 a# o3pn#a!ory da3a#rpr#n!"n 5ur"al pn## and o#!#. LLpr

$n appal !o ! Cour! of Appal#, La %allora la"3d !a! !r ouldno! 5 a 5ra of on!ra! "n ! a#, for ! ra#on !a! =n !"ld 3! r da!, # =a# no lonr a pa##nr of ! 5u# "n4ol4d"n ! "n"dn! and, !rfor, ! on!ra! of arr"a ad alrady

!r3"na!d. Al!ou ! Cour! of Appal# #u#!a"nd !"# !ory, "!n4r!l## found ! dfndan!-appllan! u"l!y of quasi- delict andld ! la!!r l"a5l for da3a#, for ! nl"n of "!# dr"4r, "naordan ="! Ar!"l 2180 of ! C"4" l Cod. And,! Cour! of Appal# d"d no! only Ind ! p!"!"onr l"a5l, 5u!"nra#d ! da3a# a=ardd ! pla"n!"#-appll# !o )6,000.00,"n#!ad of ),000.00 ran!d 5y ! !r"al our!.

&n "!# 5r"f no= 5for u#, La %allora on!nd# !a!! Cour! of Appal# rrd 1 "n old"n "! l"a5l for quasi- delict ,on#"dr"n !a! r#pondn!# o3pla"n! =a# on for5ra of on!ra!, and 2 "n ra"#"n ! a=ard of da3a# fro3



),000.00 !o )6,000.00 al!ou r#pondn!# d"d no! appal fro3 !d"#"on of ! lo=r our!. +ndr ! fa!# a# found 5y ! Cour! of Appal# = a4 !o #u#!a"n! Fud3n! old"n p!"!"onr l"a5l for da3a# for ! da! of !"ld, RaHul Bl!ran. &! 3ay 5 po"n!d ou! !a! al!ou "! "# !ru !a!

r#pondn! %ar"ano Bl!ran, "# ="f, and !"r "ldrn "nlud"n !da#d "ld ad al"!d fro3 ! 5u# a! a pla d#"na!d ford"#35ar>"n or unload"n of pa##nr#, "! =a# al#o #!a5l"#d !a!! fa!r ad !o r!urn !o ! 4"l =" =a# #!"ll a! a #!op !o !on of "# 5a# or bayong !a! =a# lf! undr on of ! #a!# of !5u#. *r an 5 no on!ro4r#y !a! a# far a# ! fa!r "#onrnd, =n r!urnd !o ! 5u# for "# 5ayon =" =a# no!unloadd, ! rla!"on of pa##nr and arr"r 5!=n "3 and !p!"!"onr r3a"nd #u5#"#!"n. or, ! rla!"on of arr"r andpa##nr do# no! n##ar"ly a# =r ! la!!r, af!r al"!"nfro3 ! ar, a"d# ! arr"r# #r4an! or 3ploy "n r3o4"n "#5aa fro3 ! ar. 1 * "##u !o 5 d!r3"nd r "# =!r a#!o ! "ld, =o =a# alrady ld 5y ! fa!r !o a pla a5ou!

3!r# a=ay fro3 ! 5u#, ! l"a5"l"!y of ! arr"r for r #af!yundr ! on!ra! of arr"a al#o pr#"#!d. LL"5

&! a# 5n ron"Od a# a rul !a! ! rla!"on of arr"r andpa##nr do# no! a# a! ! 3o3n! ! pa##nr al"!# fro3! arr"r# 4"l a! a pla #l!d 5y ! arr"r a! !po"n! of d#!"na!"on, 5u! on!"nu# un!"l ! pa##nr a# ad ara#ona5l !"3 or a ra#ona5l oppor!un"!y !o la4 ! arr"r#pr3"##. And, =a! "# a ra#ona5l !"3 or a ra#ona5l dlay ="!"n!"# rul "# !o 5 d!r3"nd fro3 all ! "ru3#!an#. *u#, a pr#on=o, af!r al"!"n fro3 a !ra"n, =al># alon ! #!a!"on pla!for3 "#on#"drd #!"ll a pa##nr. 2 'o al#o, =r a pa##nr a# al"!da! "# d#!"na!"on and "# prod"n 5y ! u#ual =ay !o la4 !

o3pany# pr3"##, 5u! 5for a!ually do"n #o "# al!d 5y !rpor! !a! "# 5ro!r, a fllo= pa##nr, a# 5n #o!, and "nood fa"! and ="!ou! "n!n! of na"n "n ! d"ul!y, r!urn# !orl"4 "# 5ro!r, "# d3d ra#ona5ly and n##ar"ly dlaydand !u# on!"nu# !o 5 a pa##nr n!"!ld a# #u !o !pro!!"on of ! ra"lroad and o3pany and "!# an!#. 3

&n ! pr#n! a#, ! fa!r r!urnd !o ! 5u# !o ! on of "#5aa# =" =a# no! unloadd =n !y al"!d fro3 ! 5u#.RaHul, ! "ld !a! # =a#, 3u#! a4 follo=d ! fa!r.o=4r, al!ou ! fa!r =a# #!"ll on ! runn"n 5oard of ! 5u#a=a"!"n for ! ondu!or !o and "3 ! 5a or bayong, ! 5u#

#!ar!d !o run, #o !a! 4n ! fa!r ad !o Fu3p do=n fro3 !3o4"n 4"l. &! =a# a! !"# "n#!an !a! ! "ld, =o 3u#! 5 nar! 5u#, =a# run o4r and >"lld. &n ! "ru3#!an#, "! anno! 5la"3d !a! ! arr"r# an! ad r"#d ! ;u!3o#!d"l"n; ofa ;4ry au!"ou# pr#on; rHu"rd 5y Ar!"l 17 of !C"4"l Cod !o 5 o5#r4d 5y a o33on arr"r "n ! d"#ar of "!#

o5l"a!"on !o !ran#por! #afly "!# pa##nr#. &n ! Ir#! pla, !dr"4r, al!ou #!opp"n ! 5u#, n4r!l## d"d no! pu! o !n"n. 'ondly, #!ar!d !o run ! 5u# 4n 5for ! 5u#ondu!or a4 "3 ! #"nal !o o and ="l ! la!!r =a# #!"llunload"n par! of ! 5aa# of ! pa##nr# %ar"ano Bl!ran andfa3"ly. * pr#n of #a"d pa##nr# nar ! 5u# =a# no!unra#ona5l and !y ar, !rfor, !o 5 on#"drd #!"ll a#pa##nr# of ! arr"r, n!"!ld !o ! pro!!"on undr !"ron!ra! of arr"a.

Bu! 4n a##u3"n arguendo !a! ! on!ra! of arr"a a# alrady!r3"na!d, r"n p!"!"onr an 5 ld l"a5l for ! nl"n of "!#dr"4r, a# ruld 5y ! Cour! of Appal#, pur#uan! !o Ar!"l 2180 of !

C"4"l Cod. )ararap 7 of ! o3pla"n!, =" rad# /

;*a! a#"d fro3 ! afor#a"d 5ra of on!ra!, !da! of RaHul Bl!ran, pla"n!"# dau!r, =a# au#d 5y !nl"n and =an! of uor"ou# of ! u!3o#! d"l"n of a 4ryau!"ou# pr#on on ! par! of ! dfndan!# and !"r an!,n##ary !o !ran#por! pla"n!"# and !"r dau!r #afly a# far a#u3an and ar and for#"! an pro4"d "n ! opra!"on of !"r4"l.;

"# larly an alla!"on for quasi-delict * "nlu#"on of !"# a4r3n!for quasi-delict, ="l "no3pa!"5l ="! ! o!r la"3 undr !on!ra! of arr"a, "# pr3"##"5l undr '!"on 2 of Rul 8 of !

N= Rul# of Cour!, =" allo=# a pla"n!" !o all au## of a!"on "n! al!rna!"4, 5 !y o3pa!"5l ="! a o!r or no!, !o ! nd!a! ! ral 3a!!r "n on!ro4r#y 3ay 5 r#ol4d and d!r3"nd. 4

* pla"n!"# #u"n!ly pladd ! culpa or nl"n upon ="! la"3 =a# prd"a!d =n "! =a# alld "n ! o3pla"n! !a!;! da! of RaHul Bl!ran, pla"n!"# dau!r, =a# au#d 5y !nl"n and =an! of r"# of ! u!3o#! d"l"n of a 4ryau!"ou# pr#on on ! par! of ! dfndan!# and !"r an!.; *"#alla!"on =a# al#o pro4d =n "! =a# #!a5l"#d dur"n ! !r"al !a!! dr"4r, 4n 5for r"4"n ! propr #"nal fro3 ! ondu!or,and ="l !r =r #!"ll pr#on# on ! runn"n 5oard of ! 5u# and

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nar "!, #!ar!d !o run o ! 4"l. * pr#n!a!"on of proofof !nl"n of "!# 3ploy a4 r"# !o ! pr#u3p!"on !a! !dfndan! 3ployr d"d no! r"# ! d"l"n ofa oodfa!r of ! fa3"ly "n ! #l!"on and #upr4"#"on of "!# 3ploy#.And !"# pr#u3p!"on, a# ! Cour! of Appal#found, p!"!"onr adfa"ld !o o4ro3. Con#Hun!ly, p!"!"onr 3u#! 5 adFudd

pun"ar"ly l"a5l for ! da! of ! "ld RaHul Bl!ran.

* "nra# of ! a=ard of da3a# fro3 ),000.00 !o )6,000.00 5y! Cour! of Appal#, o=4r, anno! 5 #u#!a"nd. Gnrally, !applla! our! an only pa## upon and on#"dr Hu#!"on# or "##u#ra"#d and arud "n appllan!# 5r"f. )la"n!"# d"d no! appal fro3!a! por!"on of ! Fud3n! of ! !r"al our! a=ard"n !3 only),000.00 da3a# for ! da! of !"r dau!r. N"!r do# "!appar !a!, a# appll# "n ! Cour! of Appal#, pla"n!"# a4po"n!d ou! "n !"r 5r"f ! "nadHuay of ! a=ard, or !a! !"nlu#"on of ! Iur ),000.00 =a# 3rly a lr"al rror, "n ordr!a! ! 3a!!r 3ay 5 !ra!d a# an p!"on !o ! nralrul. 5 r"n p!"!"onr# on!n!"on, !rfor, !a!

! Cour! ofAppal# o33"!!d rror "n ra"#"n ! a3oun! of !a=ard for da3a# "#, 4"dn!ly, 3r"!or"ou#. drp<ERE$RE, ! d"#"on of ! Cour! of Appal# "# r5y 3od"Id5y #n!n"n ! p!"!"onr !o pay !o ! r#pondn!# %ar"anoBl!ran, ! al., ! #u3 of ),000.00 for ! da! of ! "ld, RaHulBl!ran, and ! a3oun! of )@00.00 a# a!ual da3a#. No o#!# "n!"# "n#!an. 'o ordrd.Concepcion, C. J ., J.!.L., Reyes, "i#on, Regala, J.$. !eng#on, %aldi&ar,'anche# and Castro, JJ ., onur. Ma(alintal, J., onur# "n ! r#ul!.

PP'EC$N: :&&'&$NPROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION,INC., petitioner , vs. COURT OF APPEALS and WESTINSEAFOOD MARET, INC., respondents. [G.R. No. 12.

January 22, 1999.] Angara Abello Concepcion Regala )or petitioner . *omas Carmelo * Araneta )or pri&ate respondent

)r"4a! r#pondn!, <#!"n 'afood %ar>!, &n., fa"ld !o pay "!#rn!al# a3oun!"n !o )8,608,[email protected]. Ad3"!!dly, non-pay3n! of rn!al# on#!"!u!d 5ra of !"r on!ra!( !u#, pur#uan! !o !pr## au!or"!y ran!d p!"!"onr undr ! la# ar3n!,p!"!"onr rpo####d ! la#d pr3"##. *"# pro3p!d pr"4a!r#pondn! !o Il a o3pla"n! aa"n#! p!"!"onr for for"5l n!ry ="!da3a# 5for ! %*C of KuOon C"!y. *"# a# =a# #!"ll pnd"n5for ! %*C =n pr"4a! r#pondn! "n#!"!u!d 5for ! R*C of

KuOon C"!y ano!r a!"on for da3a# aa"n#! p!"!"onr, =" !la!!r 3o4d !o d"#3"## on ! round of litis pendencia and foru3#opp"n !o no a4a"l. * #a3 fa! a=a"!d p!"!"onr 5for !Cour! of Appal# =" d"#3"##d "# #p"al "4"l a!"onfor certiorari and pro"5"!"on du !o ! fa"lur of p!"!"onr !o Il a3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on of ! R*C ordr. n, p!"!"onr found "!#

=ay !o ! 'upr3 Cour! on p!"!"on for r4"= oncertiorari. CaEA*&

* 'upr3 Cour! found 3r"! !o ! p!"!"on. * Cour! ld !a!="l nrally a 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on 3u#! Ir#! 5 Ild 5forr#or!"n !o certiorari "n ordr !o "4 ! lo=r our! an oppor!un"!y !oorr! ! rror# "3pu!d !o "!, !"# rul ad3"!# of p!"on# and "#no! "n!ndd !o 5 appl"d ="!ou! on#"dr"n ! "ru3#!an# of ! a#. * Il"n of ! 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on 5for a4a"l"n of ! r3dy of certiorari "# no! sine qua non =n ! "##u ra"#d "#on purly of la=, or =r ! rror "# pa!n! or ! d"#pu!d ordr "#4o"d, or ! Hu#!"on# ra"#d on certiorari ar !o# alrady #Huarlypr#n!d !o and pa##d upon 5y ! lo=r our!. &n "!# 3o!"on ford"#3"##al of ! a!"on for da3a# ="! ! R*C, p!"!"onr ra"#d !

round !a! ano!r a!"on for for"5l n!ry =a# pnd"n a! ! %E*C5!=n ! #a3 par!"# "n4ol4"n ! #a3 3a!!r and au# of a!"on. $u!r"!ly rF!d 5y ! R*C, ! #a3 "##u =a# l4a!d 5yp!"!"onr oncertiorari 5for ! Cour! of Appal#. Clarly, undr !pr4a"l"n "ru3#!an, any 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on of ! !r"alour! =ould a4 5n a po"n!l## r"#.

* "#! Cour! al#o d"r!d ! R*C of KuOon C"!y !o d"#3"## !o3pla"n! for da3a# Ild 5for "! 5y pr"4a! r#pondn! on !round of foru3 #opp"n and for unduly #pl"!!"n a #"nl au# of a!"on =" run oun!r !o ! rul aa"n#! 3ul!"pl""!y of #u"!#.1. RE%E:&AL LA<( ')EC&AL C&&L AC*&$N( CER*+RAR+( %$*&$N $RREC$N'&:ERA*&$N %+'* BE &LE: BE$RE RE'$R*&NG *ERE*$(

EQCE)*&$N'. / <"l nrally a 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on Ir#! 5Ild 5for r#or!"n !o certiorari"n ordr !o "4 ! lo=r our! anoppor!un"!y !o orr! ! rror# "3pu!d !o "!, !"# rul ad3"!# of p!"on# and "# no! "n!ndd !o 5 appl"d ="!ou! on#"dr"n !"ru3#!an# of ! a#. * Il"n of ! 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on5for a4a"l"n of ! r3dy of certiorari "# no! sine que non =n !"##u ra"#d "# on purly of la=, or =r ! rror "# pa!n! or !d"#pu!d ordr "# 4o"d or ! Hu#!"on# ra"#d on certiorari ar !#a3 a# !o# alrady #Huarly pr#n!d !o and pa##d upon 5y !lo=r our!. &n "!# 3o!"on for d"#3"##al of ! a!"on for da3a# ="!! R*C p!"!"onr ra"#d ! round !a! ano!r a!"on for for"5ln!ry =a# pnd"n a! ! %*C 5!=n ! #a3 par!"# "n4ol4"n !






#a3 3a!!r and au# of a!"on. $u!r"!ly rF!d 5y ! R*C, !#a3 "##u =a# l4a!d 5y p!"!"onr on certiorari 5for ! Cour! of Appal#. Clarly, undr ! pr4a"l"n "ru3#!an, any 3o!"on forron#"dra!"on of ! !r"al our! =ould a4 5n a po"n!l## r"#.

2. &:.( &:.( $RC&BLE EN*RD $R +NLA<+L :E*A&NER( N$ CLA&% $R

:A%AGE' AR&'&NG *ERE*$ %AD BE &LE: 'E)ARA*ELD AN:&N:E)EN:EN*LD $ CLA&% $R RE'*$RA*&$N $ )$''E''&$N. /'!"on 1 of Rul 70 of ! Rul# of Cour! pro4"d# !a! any pr#ondpr"4d of ! po####"on of any land or 5u"ld"n 5y for,"n!"3"da!"on, !ra!, #!ra!y or #!al!, or aa"n#! =o3 !po####"on of any land or 5u"ld"n "# unla=fully ="!ld, 3ay 5r"n ana!"on "n ! propr %un""pal *r"al Cour! aa"n#! ! pr#on or pr#on#unla=fully ="!old"n or dpr"4"n of po####"on, !o!r ="!da3a# and o#!#. * 3anda! undr !"# rul "# a!or"al !a! alla## for for"5l n!ry or unla=ful d!a"nr #all 5 Ild 5for !%un""pal *r"al Cour! =" #all "nlud no! only ! pla forr#!ora!"on of po####"on 5u! al#o all la"3# for da3a# and o#!#ar"#"n !rfro3. $!r="# pr##d, no la"3 for da3a# ar"#"n

ou! of for"5l n!ry or unla=ful d!a"nr 3ay 5 Ild #para!ly and"ndpndn!ly of ! la"3 for r#!ora!"on of po####"on.

. &:.( C&&L )R$CE:+RE( RE' J"+CA*A( REK+&'&*E'. / Resad.udicata rHu"r# !a! !r 3u#! 5 5!=n ! a!"on #ou! !o 5d"#3"##d and ! o!r a!"on ! follo="n l3n!# a "dn!"!y of par!"# or a! la#! #u a# rpr#n!"n ! #a3 "n!r#! "n 5o!a!"on#( 5 "dn!"!y of r"!# a##r!d and rl"f prayd for, ! rl"f 5"n foundd on ! #a3 fa!#( and, ! "dn!"!y "n ! !=o 2prd"n par!"ular# #ould 5 #u !a! any Fud3n! =" 3ay 5rndrd on ! o!r a!"on ="ll, rardl## of =" par!y "##u##ful, a3oun! !o res ad.udicata "n ! a!"on undr on#"dra!"on.

@. &:.( &:.( CA+'E $ AC*&$N( C&RC+%'*ANCE' $B*A&N&NG &N CA'E A*BAR AR$'E R$% $NLD $NE CA+'E $ AC*&$N. / &! "# l">="# 5a#"undr '. of Rul 2 of ! R4"#d Rul# of Cour!, a# a3ndd, !a!a par!y 3ay no! "n#!"!u! 3or !an on #u"! for a #"nl au# of a!"on. +ndr '. @ of ! #a3 Rul, "f !=o or 3or #u"!# ar"n#!"!u!d on ! 5a#"# of ! #a3 au# of a!"on, ! Il"n of on ora Fud3n! upon ! 3r"!# "n any on "# a4a"la5l a# a round for !d"#3"##al of ! o!r or o!r#. ;Cau# of a!"on; "# dInd 5y '. 2of Rul 2 a# ! a! of o3"##"on 5y =" a par!y 4"ola!# a r"! of ano!r. *# pr3"## o5!a"n"n, !r "# no Hu#!"on a! all !a!pr"4a! r#pondn!# au# of a!"on "n ! for"5l n!ry a# and inthe suit )or damages "# ! alld "llal r!a>"n of po####"on of !

la#d pr3"## 5y ! l##or, p!"!"onr r"n, fro3 =" all lalrl"f# ar"#. '"3ply #!a!d, ! r#!ora!"on of po####"on and d3andfor a!ual da3a# "n ! a# 5for ! %*C and ! d3and forda3a# ="! ! R*C 5o! arise )rom the same cause o) action, ie,the )orcible entry by petitioner into the leased premises.

. &:.( &:.( %+L*&)L&C&*D $ '+&*'( CA'E A* BAR R+N' C$+N*ER *ERE*$. / A o3para!"4 #!udy of ! !=o 2 o3pla"n!# Ild 5ypr"4a! r#pondn! aa"n#! p!"!"onr 5for ! !=o 2 !r"al our!##o=# !a! no! only ar ! l3n!# of res ad.udicata pr#n!, a! la#!"n#ofar a# ! la"3 for a!ual and o3pn#a!ory da3a# "#onrnd, 5u! al#o !a! ! la"3 for da3a# / 3oral and3plary "n add"!"on !o a!ual and o3pn#a!ory / on#!"!u!##pl"!!"n a #"nl au# of a!"on. '"n !"# run# oun!r !o ! rulaa"n#! 3ul!"pl""!y of #u"!#, ! d"#3"##al of ! #ond a!"on5o3# "3pra!"4.

6. &:.( &:.( ')L&**&NG A '&NGLE CA+'E $ AC*&$N( )+R)$'E &' *$)R$*EC* :EEN:AN* R$% +NNECE''ARD EQA*&$N. / A la"3

anno! 5 d"4"dd "n #u a =ay !a! a par! of ! a3oun! of da3a#3ay 5 ro4rd "n on a# and ! r#!, "n ano!r. &n !achrach &+carangal = pla"nd !a! ! rul =a# a"3d a! pr4n!"n rpa!dl"!"a!"on# 5!=n ! #a3 par!"# "n rard !o ! #a3 #u5F! of ! on!ro4r#y and !o pro!! ! dfndan! fro3 unn##ary4a!"on./emo debet bis &e0ari pro una et eadem cause.

7. &:.( &:.( $R+% '$))&NG C$%%&**E: &N CA'E A* BAR. ! *rord# "nlu!a5ly #o= !a! ! o3pla"n! lodd 5y pr"4a!r#pondn! ="! ! R"onal *r"al Cour! of KuOon C"!y on!a"nd nor!"Ia!"on of non-foru3 #opp"n. <n p!"!"onr Ild a 3o!"on !od"#3"## ! a# ra"#"n a3on o!r# ! round of foru3 #opp"n "!po"n!d ou! ! a5#n of ! rHu"rd r!"Ia!"on. * a3ndd

o3pla"n!, a# =ll a# ! #ond and !"rd a3ndd o3pla"n!#,a!!3p!d !o r!"fy ! rror 5y "n4ar"a5ly #!a!"n !a! !r =a# noo!r a!"on pnd"n 5!=n ! par!"# "n4ol4"n ! #a3 au# of a!"on al!ou !r =a# a!ually a for"5l n!ry a# pnd"n 5for! %*C of KuOon C"!y. By "!# ad3"##"on of a pnd"n for"5l n!rya#, "! "# o54"ou# !a! pr"4a! r#pondn! =a# "ndul"n "n foru3#opp"n. <"l pr"4a! r#pondn! on4n"n!ly fa"ld !o "nfor3 !R*C !a! "! ad l">="# #ou! da3a# "n ! %*C on ! 5a#"# of !#a3 for"5l n!ry, ! fa! r3a"n# !a! "! pr"#ly d"d #o, ="#!ra!a3 =a# 5"n dupl"a!d "n ! #ond a#. *"# "# ao3pll"n ra#on !o d"#3"## ! #ond a#. &a'CBELLOSILLO, J p



%ay ! l## =" "n#!"!u!d 5for ! %!ropol"!an *r"al Cour!an a!"on for for"5l n!ry ="! da3a# aa"n#! "!# l##or Il a#para! #u"! ="! ! R"onal *r"al Cour! aa"n#! ! #a3 l##orfor 3oral and 3plary da3a# plu# a!ual and o3pn#a!oryda3a# 5a#d on ! #a3 for"5l n!ry Cdpr

$n round# of litis pendencia and foru3-#opp"n, p!"!"onr"n4o># #!a5l"#d Fur"#prudn !a! a par!y anno! 5y 4ary"n! for3 of a!"on or adop!"n a d"rn! 3!od of pr#n!"n "#a# 4ad ! pr"n"pl !a! ! #a3 au# of a!"on #all no! 5l"!"a!d !=" 5!=n ! #a3 par!"# or !"rpr"4"#. 1 )!"!"onr !rfor pray# for r4r#al of ! d"#"on of! Cour! of Appal# da!d 27 %ay 199, a# =ll a# "!# R#olu!"onda!d 17 January 1996 dny"n ron#"dra!"on, =" upld !dn"al 5y ! R"onal *r"al Cour! of p!"!"onr# 3o!"on !o d"#3"##pr"4a! r#pondn!# da3a #u"!.

* an!dn!# $n 27 %ay 1991 p!"!"onr la#d !o pr"4a!r#pondn! <#!"n 'afood %ar>!, &n., a parl of land ="! a

o33r"al 5u"ld"n !ron loa!d a! Aran!a Cn!r, Cu5ao,KuOon C"!y, for a pr"od of n"n 9 yar# and !r 3on!#,".., fro3 2 January 1989 !o 0 Apr"l 1998, ="! a 3on!ly rn!al ofappro"3a!ly )600,000.00. * on!ra! on!a"nd, a3ono!r#, ! follo="n pr!"nn! !r3# and ond"!"on#

E11EC* 1 2+LA*+/'2. LE''EE r5y ar# !a! all ! pro4"#"on# on!a"nd "n!"# Con!ra! #all 5 d3d a# ond"!"on#, a# =ll a#o4nan!#, and !a! !"# Con!ra! #all 5 au!o3a!"ally!r3"na!d and anlld ="!ou! r#or!"n !o our! a!"on#ould LE''EE 4"ola! any or all #a"d ond"!"on#, "nlud"n !pay3n! of Rn!, C+'A and o!r ar# "nd"a!d "n ! L)

=n du ="!"n ! !"3 r"n #!"pula!d and "n any #ua##, LE''EE r5y "rr4oa5ly appo"n!# LE''$R, "!#au!or"Od an!#, 3ploy# andMor rpr#n!a!"4# a# "#duly au!or"Od a!!orny-"n-fa!, 4n af!r ! !r3"na!"on,p"ra!"on or anlla!"on of !"# Con!ra!, ="! full po=r andau!or"!y !o opn, n!r, rpo####, #ur, nlo#, fn ando!r="# !a> full and o3pl! py#"al po####"on andon!rol of ! la#d pr3"## and "!# on!n!# ="!ou!r#or!"n !o our! a!"on andMor !o #u33ar"ly d"#onn!l!r"al andMor =a!r #r4"# !rof, and !a! LE''EEr5y "rr4oa5ly 3po=r# LE''$R, "# au!or"Od an!#,3ploy# andMor rpr#n!a!"4# !o !a> "n4n!ory and

po####"on of =a!4r Hu"p3n!, furn"!ur, ar!"l#,3rand"#, appl"an#, !., found !r"n 5lon"n !oLE''EE, on#"nor# andMor !o any o!r pr#on# and !o pla! #a3 "n LE''$R# =arou# or any o!r pla a!LE''$R# d"#r!"on for #af>p"n, ar"n LE''EE !orr#pond"n #!ora f# !rfor( !a! "n a# LE''EE fa"l#

!o la"3 #a"d Hu"p3n!, furn"!ur, ar!"l#, 3rand"#,appl"an#, !. fro3 #!ora and #"3ul!anou#ly l"Hu"da! anyl"a5"l"!y ="! LE''$R ="!"n #4n 7 day# fro3 da! of #a"d!ran#fr !o LE''$R# =arou#, LE''$R "# l">="# r5ypr##ly au!or"Od and 3po=rd 5y LE''EE !o d"#po# of #a"d propr!yMpropr!"# "n a pu5l" #al !rou a No!ary)u5l" of LE''$R# o" and !o apply ! prod# !rof !o=a!4r l"a5"l"!y andMor "nd5!dn## LE''EE 3ay a4 !oLE''$R plu# ra#ona5l pn## for ! #a3, "nlud"n#!ora f#, and ! 5alan, "f any, #all 5 !urnd o4r !oLE''EE( !a! LE''EE r5y pr##ly ar# !a! any or alla!# prfor3d 5y LE''$R, "# au!or"Od an!#, 3ploy#andMor rpr#n!a!"4# undr ! pro4"#"on# of !"# '!"on 3ay

no! 5 ! #u5F! of any p!"!"on for a <r"! of )rl"3"nary&nFun!"on or %anda!ory &nFun!"on "n our!, and !a! LE''$RandMor "# au!or"Od an!#, 3ploy#, andMorrpr#n!a!"4# #all 5 fr fro3 any "4"l andMor r"3"nall"a5"l"!y or r#pon#"5"l"!y =a!#o4r !rfor.

*ERM+/A*+/ 1 LEA'E26. +pon ! au!o3a!" !r3"na!"on of !"# la# on!ra!, a#! a# 3ay 5, LE''EE #all "33d"a!ly 4aa! andrdl"4r py#"al po####"on of ! la#d pr3"##, "nlud"n! >y# appr!a"n"n !r!o, !o LE''$R "n ood, lan and#an"!ary ond"!"on, ra#ona5l =ar and !ar p!d, d4o"dof all oupan!#, Hu"p3n!, furn"!ur, ar!"l#, 3rand"#,

!., 5lon"n !o LE''EE or !o any o!r pr#on p! !o#5lon"n !o LE''$R( !a! #ould LE''EE fa"l !o o3ply ="!!"# pro4"#"on, LE''$R "# r5y "4n ! #a3 r"!# andpo=r !o prod aa"n#! LE''EE a# pr##ly ran!d "n !"33d"a!ly prd"n #!"on.

)r"4a! r#pondn! fa"ld !o pay rn!al# d#p"! #4ral d3and# 5yp!"!"onr. A# of 19 $!o5r 1992 ! arrara# a3oun!d !o)8,608,[email protected]. Ad3"!!dly, non-pay3n! of rn!al# on#!"!u!d5ra of !"r on!ra!( !u#, pur#uan! !o ! pr## au!or"!yran!d p!"!"onr undr ! a5o4-Huo!d '#. 2 and 26 of !la# ar3n!, p!"!"onr on 1 $!o5r 1992 rpo####d !

http://www.online.cdasia.com/jurisprudences/11368?hits%5B%5D%5Bid%5D=11368&hits%5B%5D%5Btype%5D=Jurisprudence&path=%2Fjurisprudences%2Fsearch&q%5Bcitation_finder%5D=&q%5Bfull_text%5D=&q%5Bissue_no%5D=123555&q%5Bponente%5D=&q%5Bsyllabus%5D=&q%5Btitle%5D=&q%5Butf8%5D=%E2%9C%93&q%5Byear_end%5D=&q%5Byear_start%5D=#footnotes




la#d pr3"##, "n4n!or"d ! 3o4a5l propr!"# found ="!"nand o=nd 5y pr"4a! r#pondn! and #duld pu5l" au!"on for! #al of ! 3o4a5l# on 19 Auu#! 199 ="! no!" !o pr"4a!r#pondn!.

$n 26 No435r 1992 pr"4a! r#pondn! Ild ="! ! %!ropol"!an

*r"al Cour! of KuOon C"!y a o3pla"n! aa"n#! p!"!"onr for for"5ln!ry ="! da3a# and a prayr for a !3porary r#!ra"n"n ordrandMor =r"! of prl"3"nary "nFun!"on. 2 * a# =a# raSd !oBran @0 pr#"dd o4r 5y Jud Gu"llr3o L. LoFa Jr. =o "##ud a!3porary r#!ra"n"n ordr nFo"n"n p!"!"onr fro3 #ll"n pr"4a!r#pondn!# propr!"# a! a pu5l" au!"on.

$n 9 :35r 1992 Jud LoFa "n"5"!d "3#lf fro3 !ry"n !a# and d"r!d "!# !ran#fr !o Bran @ pr#"dd o4r 5y Jud Jo#l"!o ': Gnro#o. 'oon af!r, p!"!"onr Ild an urn! 3o!"on for! "n"5"!"on of Jud Gnro#o and ! "33d"a! rraS of !a# aru"n !a! ! #u33ary !ran#fr of ! a# !o JudGnro#o =a# "rrular a# "! =a# no! don 5y raS.

* 3o!"on =a# ran!d and ! a# =n! !o Bran 6 pr#"ddo4r 5y Jud ran"#o :. "llanu4a. *raf!r, on 22 :35r1992, a! ! on!"nua!"on of ! ar"n on ! "##uan of a =r"!prl"3"nary 3anda!ory "nFun!"on, ! par!"# ard, a3on o!r#,on ! follo="n a pr"4a! r#pondn! =ould dpo#"! ="! !)"l"pp"n Co33r"al and &ndu#!r"al Ban> "n ! na3 of !%!ropol"!an *r"al Cour!, Bran 6, ! a3oun! of )8,000,000.00 !ouaran! ! pay3n! of "!# 5a> rn!al#( 5 p!"!"onr =ould dfr! #al of ! pr#onal propr!"# of ! <#!"n 'afood %ar>!,&n., un!"l a Inal #!!l3n! of ! a# ad 5n arr"4d a!( p!"!"onr #all allo= pr"4a! r#pondn! !o r!r"4 all ! pr"#a5lood# fro3 "n#"d ! la#d pr3"## l"> froOn 3a!, 4!a5l#and I#, all proprly r"p!d for( d p!"!"onr #all al lo= !r

3a"n!nan pr#onnl of pr"4a! r#pondn! !o n!r ! pr3"##a! ra#ona5l =or>"n our# !o 3a"n!a"n ! r#!auran! Hu"p3n!(and ! par!"# #all no!"a! for ! r#!ora!"on of ! pr3"##!o pr"4a! r#pondn!, and "f no #!!l3n! 5 arr"4d a! on or 5for January 8, 199, ! ar"n on ! 3r"!# of ! a# #all prodand ! d"#po#"!"on of ! a3oun! dpo#"!d rpr#n!"n ! rn!alarrara# #all 5 lf! !o ! d"#r!"on of ! our!.

*"# ar3n! =a# "norpora!d "n ! ordr of ! our! da!d 22:35r 1992 3 =" "n ! !r3"na!d for all "n!n!# andpurpo## ! "n"dn! on ! "##uan of a prl"3"nary =r"! of"nFun!"on.

)r"4a! r#pondn! d"d no! o3ply ="! "!# undr!a>"n !o dpo#"!="! ! d#"na!d 5an> ! a3oun! rpr#n!"n "!# 5a> rn!al#.&n#!ad, ="! ! for"5l n!ry a# #!"ll pnd"n ="! ! %*C,pr"4a! r#pondn! "n#!"!u!d on 9 Jun 199 ano!r a!"on forda3a# aa"n#! p!"!"onr ="! ! R"onal *r"al Cour! of KuOon

C"!y. * a# =a# raSd !o Bran 101 pr#"dd o4r 5y Jud)dro *. 'an!"ao. 4

)!"!"onr Ild a 3o!"on !o d"#3"## ! da3a #u"! on ! roundof litis pendencia and foru3 #opp"n. n 3 July 4556, instead o)ruling on the motion, Judge 'antiago issued an order archi&ing thecase pending the outcome o) the )orcible entry case being heard atthe Me*C )or the reason that ;the damages is 7sic8 principallyanchored on 9hether or not the de)endants 7petitioner herein8 ha&ecommitted )orcible entry .; 5 $n 2 Auu#! 199 p!"!"onr 3o4d forron#"dra!"on of ! ordr and r"!ra!d "!# 3o!"on !o d"#3"## !#u"! for da3a#.

Bfor p!"!"onr# 3o!"on !o d"#3"## ould 5 r#ol4d, pr"4a!r#pondn! Ild ="! ! R*C on 18 Auu#! 199 an a3nddo3pla"n! for da3a#. $n 1@ 'p!35r 199 "! al#o Ildan rgent E0-$arte Motion )or the +ssuance o) a *emporaryRestraining rder and Motion )or the Grant o) a $reliminary$rohibitory and $reliminary Mandatory +n.unction. $n ! 4ry #a3day, Jud 'an!"ao "##ud an ordr a dny"n p!"!"onr# 3o!"on!o d"#3"##, 5 ad3"!!"n pr"4a! r#pondn!# a3ndd o3pla"n!,and ran!"n pr"4a! r#pondn!# appl"a!"on for a !3poraryr#!ra"n"n ordr aa"n#! p!"!"onr.

*u#, p!"!"onr Ild ="! ! Cour! of Appal# a #p"al "4"l a!"onfor certiorari and pro"5"!"on on ! round !a! Jud 'an!"ao a!d

"n ## of "# Fur"#d"!"on andMor o33"!!d ra4 a5u# ofd"#r!"on a3oun!"n !o la> of Fur"#d"!"on "n ad3"!!"n ! a3nddo3pla"n! of pr"4a! r#pondn! and "##u"n a r#!ra"n"n ordraa"n#! p!"!"onr( "n allo="n pr"4a! r#pondn! !o na "n foru3#opp"n( and, !a>"n on"Oan of ! a!"on for da3a# d#p"!la> of Fur"#d"!"on. "

Bu! ! Cour! of Appal# d"#3"##d ! p!"!"on du !o ! fa"lur ofp!"!"onr !o Il a 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on of Jud 'an!"ao#ordr of 1@ 'p!35r 199 =", "! pla"nd, =a# a prrHu"#"!!o ! "n#!"!u!"on of a p!"!"on forcertiorari and pro"5"!"on. &! al#ofound !a! ! l3n!# of litis pendencia =r la>"n !o Fu#!"fy !















d"#3"##al of ! a!"on for da3a# ="! ! R*C 5au# d#p"! !pndny of ! for"5l n!ry a# ="! ! %*C ! only da3a#ro4ra5l !ra! =r !o# au#d 5y ! lo## of ! u# andoupa!"on of ! propr!y and no! ! >"nd of da3a# 5"nla"3d 5for ! R*C =" ad no d"r! rla!"on !o lo## of3a!r"al po####"on. &! lar"Id !a! #"n ! da3a# prayd for "n

! a3ndd o3pla"n! ="! ! R*C =r !o# au#d 5y !alld "-andd 3annr ="! =" p!"!"onr raHu"rdpo####"on of ! la#d pr3"## and ! #al of pr"4a!r#pondn!# 3o4a5l# found !r"n, ! R*C and no! ! %*C ad Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! a!"on of da3a#. #

)!"!"onr, ar"4d 5y ! d"#"on of ! applla! our!, Ild !"n#!an! p!"!"on for r4"= on certiorari undr Rul @ of ! Rul# ofCour! all"n !a! "! rrd "n a Ind"n !a! p!"!"onr fa" ld !o a4a"lof "!# pla"n, #pdy and adHua! r3dy of a pr"or 3o!"on forron#"dra!"on ="! ! R*C( 5 rul"n !a! ! !r"al Fud d"d no!a! ="! ra4 a5u# of d"#r!"on "n !a>"n on"Oan of ! a!"onfor da3a# and "nFun!"on d#p"! ! pndny of ! for"5l

n!ry a# ="! ! %*C( and, rul"n !a! pr"4a! r#pondn! d"dno! o33"! foru3 #opp"n #"n ! au## of a!"on 5for ! R*Cand %*C =r no! "dn!"al ="! a o!r.

*r "# 3r"! "n ! p!"!"on. <"l nrally a 3o!"on forron#"dra!"on 3u#! Ir#! 5 Ild 5for r#or!"n !ocertiorari "nordr !o "4 ! lo=r our! an oppor!un"!y !o orr! ! rror#"3pu!d !o "! $ !"# rul ad3"!# of p!"on# and "# no! "n!ndd !o5 appl"d ="!ou! on#"dr"n ! "ru3#!an# of ! a#. % *Il"n of ! 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on 5for a4a"l"n of ! r3dyof certiorari "# no! sine qua non =n ! "##u ra"#d "# on purly of la=,1& or =r ! rror "# pa!n! or ! d"#pu!d ordr "#4o"d, 11 or ! Hu#!"on# ra"#d on certiorari ar ! #a3 a# !o#

alrady #Huarly pr#n!d !o and pa##d upon 5y ! lo=r our!.

&n "!# 3o!"on for d"#3"##al of ! a!"on for da3a# ="! ! R*Cp!"!"onr ra"#d ! round !a! ano!r a!"on for for"5l n!ry =a#pnd"n a! ! %*C 5!=n ! #a3 par!"# "n4ol4"n ! #a33a!!r and au# of a!"on. $u!r"!ly rF!d 5y ! R*C, ! #a3"##u =a# l4a!d 5y p!"!"onr on certiorari 5for ! Cour! ofAppal#. Clarly, undr ! pr4a"l"n "ru3#!an, any 3o!"on forron#"dra!"on of ! !r"al our! =ould a4 5n a po"n!l##r"#.12

< no= !urn !o ! "##u of =!r an a!"on for da3a# Ild ="!! R"onal *r"al Cour! 5y ! l## aa"n#! ! l##or #ould 5d"#3"##d on ! round of pndny of ano!r a!"on for for"5ln!ry and da3a# arl"r Ild 5y ! #a3 l## aa"n#! ! #a3l##or 5for ! %!ropol"!an *r"al Cour!.

'!"on 1 of Rul 70 of ! Rul# of Cour! pro4"d# !a! any pr#ondpr"4d of ! po####"on of any land or 5u"ld"n 5y for,"n!"3"da!"on, !ra!, #!ra!y or #!al!, or aa"n#! =o3 !po####"on of any land or 5u"ld"n "# unla=fully ="!ld, 3ay 5r"nan a!"on "n ! propr %un""pal *r"al Cour! aa"n#! ! pr#on orpr#on# unla=fully ="!old"n or dpr"4"n of po####"on, together9ith damages and costs. * 3anda! undr !"# rul "# a!or"al!a! all a## for for"5l n!ry or unla=ful d!a"nr #all 5 Ild5for ! %un""pal *r"al Cour! =" #all "nlud no! only ! plafor r#!ora!"on of po####"on 5u! al#o all la"3# for da3a# ando#!# ar"#"n !rfro3. $!r="# pr##d, no la"3 for da3a#ar"#"n ou! of for"5l n!ry or unla=ful d!a"nr 3ay 5 Ild#para!ly and "ndpndn!ly of ! la"3 for r#!ora!"on of

po####"on. *"# "# on#"#!n! ="! ! pr"n"pl la"d do=n "n '. 1, par , ofRul 16 of ! Rul# of Cour! =" #!a!# !a! ! pndny ofano!r a!"on 5!=n ! #a3 par!"# for ! #a3 au# "# around for d"#3"##al of an a!"on. Res ad.udicata rHu"r# !a! !r3u#! 5 5!=n ! a!"on #ou! !o 5 d"#3"##d and ! o!ra!"on ! follo="n l3n!# a "dn!"!y of par!"# or a! la#! #ua# rpr#n!"n ! #a3 "n!r#! "n 5o! a!"on#( 5 "dn!"!y ofr"!# a##r!d and rl"f prayd for, ! rl"f 5"n foundd on !#a3 fa!#( and, ! "dn!"!y "n ! !=o 2 prd"n par!"ular##ould 5 #u !a! any Fud3n! =" 3ay 5 rndrd on !o!r a!"on ="ll, rardl## of =" par!y "# #u##ful, a3oun!!o res ad.udicata "n ! a!"on undr on#"dra!"on. 13

&! "# l">="# 5a#" undr '. of Rul 2 of ! R4"#d Rul# ofCour!, a# a3ndd, !a! a par!y 3ay no! "n#!"!u! 3or !an on #u"!for a #"nl au# of a!"on. +ndr '. @ of ! #a3 Rul, "f !=o or3or #u"!# ar "n#!"!u!d on ! 5a#"# of ! #a3 au# of a!"on,! Il"n of on or a Fud3n! upon ! 3r"!# "n any on "#a4a"la5l a# a round for ! d"#3"##al of ! o!r or o!r#. ;Cau#of a!"on; "# dInd 5y '. 2 of Rul 2 a# ! a! of o3"##"on 5y=" a par!y 4"ola!# a r"! of ano!r. 14 *# pr3"##o5!a"n"n, !r "# no Hu#!"on a! all !a! pr"4a! r#pondn!# au#of a!"on "n ! for"5l n!ry a# and in the suit )or damages "# !alld "llal r!a>"n of po####"on of ! la#d pr3"## 5y !





















l##or, p!"!"onr r"n, fro3 =" all lal rl"f# ar"#. '"3ply#!a!d, ! r#!ora!"on of po####"on and d3and for a!ual da3a#"n ! a# 5for ! %*C and ! d3and for da3a# ="! !R*C both arise )rom the same cause o) action, i.e., the )orcible entryby petitioner into the leased premises.

A o3para!"4 #!udy of ! !=o 2 o3pla"n!# Ild 5y pr"4a!r#pondn! aa"n#! p!"!"onr 5for ! !=o 2 !r"al our!# #o=#!a! no! only ar ! l3n!# of res ad.udicata pr#n!, a! la#!"n#ofar a# ! la"3 for a!ual and o3pn#a!ory da3a# "#onrnd, 5u! al#o !a! ! la"3 for da3a# / 3oral and3plary "n add"!"on !o a!ual and o3pn#a!ory / on#!"!u!##pl"!!"n a #"nl au# of a!"on. '"n !"# run# oun!r !o ! rulaa"n#! 3ul!"pl""!y of #u"!#, ! d"#3"##al of ! #ond a!"on5o3# "3pra!"4. d!a"

* o3pla"n! for )orcible entry on!a"n# ! follo="n pr!"nn!alla!"on# /

2.01 $n 02 January 1989, pla"n!" n!rd "n!o a on!ra! of la# ="! dfndan! ):C o4r a propr!y d#"na!d a#Ground loor, 'afood %ar>! r"naf!r ;'u5F! )r3"##;#"!ua!d a! ! ornr of E:'A ornr %aAr!ur '!r!,Aran!a Cn!r, Cu5ao, KuOon C"!y, for a pr"od of !n 10yar# fro3 02 January 1989 !o 0 Apr"l 1998.

2.02 &33d"a!ly af!r a4"n aHu"rd a!ual py#"alpo####"on of ! 'u5F! )r3"##, pla"n!" #!a5l"#d andno= opra!# !ron ! no= fa3ou# 'afood %ar>!R#!auran!. '"n !n, pla"n!" ad 5n "n a!ual, on!"nuou#,and paful py#"al po####"on of ! 'u5F! )r3"## un!"l1 $!o5r 1992.

.02 )la"n!", 5"n ! l## of ! 'u5F! )r3"##, "#n!"!ld !o ! paful oupa!"on and nFoy3n! of !'u5F! )r3"## !o ! lu#"on of all o!r#, "nlud"ndfndan!# r"n.

.0 :fndan!# r#or! !o #!ron ar3# !a!"# !o for"5ly =r#!po####"on of ! 'u5F! )r3"## fro3 pla"n!" and 3a"n!a"npo####"on !rof !rou ! u# of for, !ra!, #!ra!yand "n!"3"da!"on 5y ! u# of #upr"or nu35r of 3n andar3# a3oun!# !o ! !a>"n of ! la= "n!o !"r o=n and#.

.0@ *u#, dfndan!# a! of unla=fully 4"!"n ou! pla"n!" fro3 ! 'u5F! )r3"## "! "# la#"n fro3 dfndan! ):C anddpr"4"n "! of po####"on !rof !rou ! u# of for,!ra!, #!ra!y and "n!"3"da!"on #ould 5 ond3nd anddlard "llal for 5"n on!rary !o pu5l" ordr and pol"y.

.0 Con#Hun!ly, dfndan!# #ould 5 nFo"nd fro3on!"nu"n ="! !"r "llal a!# and 5 ordrd !o 4aa! !'u5F! )r3"## and r#!or po####"on !rof, !o!r ="!"!# on!n!#, !o pla"n!".

@.07 Con#"dr"n !a! dfndan!# a! of for"5ly ra55"npo####"on of ! 'u5F! )r3"## fro3 pla"n!" "# "llal andnull and 4o"d, dfndan! #ould 5 adFudd l"a5l !o pla"n!" for all ! aford#r"5d da3a# =" pla"n!" "nurrd a# ar#ul! !rof.

* a3ndd o3pla"n! for damages Ild 5y pr"4a! r#pondn!all# 5a#"ally ! #a3 fa!ual "ru3#!an# and "##u# a# 5a##

for ! rl"f prayd for, !o ="!@. $n %ay 28, 1991, pla"n!" and dfndan! ):C n!rd "n!o aCon!ra! of La# for a pr"od of !n yar# or fro3 January 2,1989 up !o Apr"l 0, 1998 o4r a propr!y d#"na!d a#Ground loor, 'afood %ar>! r"naf!r rfrrd !o a#'u5F! )r3"## #"!ua!d a! ! ornr of E:'A ornr%Ar!ur '!r!, Aran!a Cn!r, Cu5ao, KuOon C"!y. A opy of ! la# on!ra! "# a!!ad r!o a# Ann ;A;.

. &33d"a!ly !raf!r, pla"n!" !oo> o4r a!ual py#"alpo####"on of 'u5F! )r3"##, and #!a5l"#d !ron !no= fa3ou# ;'afood %ar>! R#!auran!.;

7. $n $!o5r 1, 1992 a! around 80 p.3., dfndan! ):C,="!ou! ! 5nI! of any =r"! of po####"on or any la=ful our!ordr and ="! ! a"d of appro"3a!ly for!y @0 ar3d#ur"!y uard# and pol"3n undr ! #upr4"#"on of dfndan! *Fa3, for"5ly n!rd ! #u5F! pr3"## !roufor, "n!"3"da!"on, !ra!# and #!al! and rly"n on 5ru!for and "n a !undr5ol!"# 3annr and aa"n#! pla"n!"#="ll, unr3on"ou#ly dr= a=ay all of pla"n!"# 3n ou! of !#u5F! pr3"##, !r5y dpr"4"n r"n pla"n!" of "!#a!ual, py#"al and na!ural po####"on of ! #u5F!pr3"##. * "llal, "-andd 3annr and #!apo l">



!a>-o4r 5y dfndan!# of #u5F! pr3"## "# 3orpar!"ularly d#r"5d a# follo=# . . .8. *o da!, dfndan!# on!"nu !o "llally po#### and old! 'u5F! )r3"##, "nlud"n all ! 3ul!"-3"ll"on"3pro43n!#, I!ur# and Hu"p3n! !r"n o=nd 5ypla"n!", all !o ! da3a and prFud" of pla"n!". *

a!ua!"on# of dfndan!# on#!"!u! an unla=ful appropr"a!"on,#"Our and !a>"n of propr!y aa"n#! ! ="ll and on#n! of pla"n!". <or#, dfndan!# ar !ra!n"n !o #ll a! pu5l"au!"on and ="!ou! ! on#n! of pla"n!" and ="!ou! la=fulau!or"!y, ! 3ul!"-3"ll"on I!ur# and Hu"p3n! of pla"n!" and a! pr"# =ay 5lo= ! 3ar>! 4alu !rof. )la"n!" r5y a!!a# a# Ann ;B; ! l!!r fro3 dfndan!# da!dAuu#! 6, 199 addr##d !o pla"n!", "nfor3"n ! la!!r !a!! for3r "n!nd# !o #ll a! an au!"on on Auu#! 19, 199 a!200 p.3. propr!"# of ! pla"n!" pr#n!ly "n dfndan!#po####"on.

12. :fndan!# unla=ful !a>o4r of ! pr3"## on#!"!u!#

a 4"ola!"on of "!# o5l"a!"on undr Ar!. 16@ of ! N= C"4"lCod rHu"r"n ! l##or !o 3a"n!a"n ! l## "n pafuland adHua! nFoy3n! of ! la# for ! n!"r dura!"on of ! on!ra!. n, pla"n!" a# Ild ! pr#n! #u"! for !ro4ry of da3a# undr Ar!. 169 of ! N= C"4"l Cod . . .R#!a!d "n "!# 5ar ##n!"al#, ! )orcible entry a# a# on au#of a!"on, na3ly, ! al ld unla=ful n!ry 5y p!"!"onr "n!o !la#d pr3"## ou! of =" !r rl"f# dno3"na!d 5ypr"4a! r#pondn! a# "!# au## of a!"on aro# a ! r#!ora!"on5y ! l##or p!"!"onr r"n of ! po####"on of ! la#dpr3"## !o ! l##( 5 ! la"3 for a!ual da3a# du !o !lo### #urd 5y pr"4a! r#pondn! #u a# ! d!r"ora!"on ofpr"#a5l food#!u# #!ord "n#"d ! pr3"## and ! dpr"4a!"onof ! u# of ! pr3"## au#"n lo## of p!d proI!#( and, ! la"3 for a!!orny# f# and o#!# of #u"!.

$n ! o!r and, ! o3pla"n! for damages pray# for a 3on!arya=ard on#"#!"n of a 3oral da3a# of )00,000.00 and3plary da3a# of ano!r )00,000.00( 5 a!ual da3a# of)20,000,000.00 and o3pn#a!ory da3a# of )1,000,000.00rpr#n!"n unral"Od proI!#( and, )200,000.00 for a!!orny#f# and o#!#, all 5a#d on ! alld for"5l !a>o4r of !la#d pr3"## 5y p!"!"onr. '"n a!ual and o3pn#a!oryda3a# =r alrady prayd for "n ! for"5l n!ry a# 5for

! %*C, "! "# o54"ou# !a! !"# anno! 5 rl"!"a!d "n ! da3a#u"! 5for ! R*C 5y ra#on of res ad.udicata.

* o!r la"3# for 3oral and 3plary da3a# anno! al#o#ud on#"dr"n !a! !# #prun fro3 ! 3a"n "n"dn! 5"nard 5for ! %*C. Jur"#prudn "# unHu"4oal !a! =n a

#"nl dl"! or =ron "# o33"!!d / l"> ! unla=ful !a>"n ord!n!"on of ! propr!y of ano!r / there is but one single causeo) action regardless o) the number o) rights that may ha&e been&iolated, and all such rights should be alleged in a single complaintas constituting one single cause o) action. 15 &n a for"5l n!ry a#,! ral "##u "# ! py#"al po####"on of ! ral propr!y. *Hu#!"on of da3a# "# 3rly #ondary or "n"dn!al, #o 3u #o!a! ! a3oun! !rof do# no! a! ! Fur"#d"!"on of ! our!.&n o!r =ord#, ! unla=ful a! of a dfor"an! "n !a>"n po####"onof a p" of land 5y 3an# of for and "n!"3"da!"on aa"n#! !r"!# of ! par!y a!ually "n po####"on !rof "# a dl"! or =ron,or a au# of a!"on !a! "4# r"# !o !=o 2 r3d"#, na3ly, !ro4ry of po####"on and ro4ry of da3a# ar"#"n fro3 !

lo## of po####"on, 5u! only !o on a!"on. or o54"ou# ra#on#, 5o!r3d"# anno! 5 ! #u5F! of !=o 2 #para! and "ndpndn!a!"on#, on for ro4ry of po####"on only, and ! o!r, for !ro4ry of da3a#. *a! =ould "n4"!a5ly lad !o =a! "# !r3d "nla= a# #pl"!!"n up a au# of a!"on. 1" &n "a&id & . de la Cru# 1# =o5#r4d /

r"n !nan!# a4 5u! on au# of a!"on aa"n#! !"rlandlord, !"r "llal F!3n! or r3o4al fro3 !"rlandold"n#, =" au# of a!"on o=4r n!"!l# !3 !o!=o 2 la"3# or r3d"# / for r"n#!a!3n! and da3a#.A# 5o! la"3# ar"# fro3 ! #a3 au# of a!"on, !y#ould 5 alld "n a #"nl o3pla"n!.

A la"3 anno! 5 d"4"dd "n #u a =ay !a! a par! of ! a3oun! ofda3a# 3ay 5 ro4rd "n on a# and ! r#!, "nano!r. 1$ &n !achrach & . +carangal 1% = pla"nd !a! ! rul=a# a"3d a! pr4n!"n rpa!d l"!"a!"on# 5!=n ! #a3par!"# "n rard !o ! #a3 #u5F! of ! on!ro4r#y and !opro!! ! dfndan! fro3 unn##ary 4a!"on. /emo debet bis&e0ari pro una et eadem causa.

<a! !n "# ! ! of ! d"#3"##al of ! o!r a!"on '"n !rul "# !a! all #u r"!# #ould 5 alld "n a #"nl o3pla"n!, "!o# ="!ou! #ay"n !a! !o# no! !r"n "nludd anno! 5 !

















#u5F! of #u5#Hun! o3pla"n!# for !y ar 5arrd for4r. 2& &f a#u"! "# 5rou! for a par! of a la"3, a Fud3n! o5!a"nd "n !a!a!"on prlud# ! pla"n!" fro3 5r"n"n a #ond a!"on for !r#"du of ! la"3, no!="!#!and"n !a! ! #ond for3 of a!"on"# no! "dn!"al ="! ! Ir#! or d"rn! round# for rl"f ar #! for! #ond #u"!. *"# pr"n"pl no! only 35ra# =a! =a# a!ually

d!r3"nd, 5u! al#o !nd# !o 4ry 3a!!r =" ! par!"#3"! a4 l"!"a!d "n ! a#. 21 *"# "# =y ! lal 5a#"# upon=" pr"4a! r#pondn! anord "!# #ond la"3 for da3a#,".., Ar!. 169 "n rla!"on !o Ar!. 16@ of ! C"4"l Cod, 22 no!o!r="# ra"#d and "!d 5y pr"4a! r#pondn! "n ! for"5l n!rya#, anno! 5 u#d a# Fu#!"Ia!"on for ! #ond #u"! for da3a#.< no!, no! ="!ou! #o3 dr of d"#pla#ur, !a! 5y Il"n a#ond #u"! for da3a#, pr"4a! r#pondn! =a# no! only a5l !opr## a la"3 for 3oral and 3plary da3a# =" 5y "!# fa"lur!o all ! #a3 "n "!# #u"! 5for ! %*C forlo#d "!# r"! !o#u on "!, 5u! "! =a# al#o a5l !o o5!a"n fro3 ! R*C, 5y =ayof another temporary restraining order , a second reprie&e fro3 an"3pnd"n pu5l" au!"on #al of "!# 3o4a5l# =" "! ould no!

any3or #ur fro3 ! %*C 5for =" ! 3a!!r of !"##uan of a prl"3"nary =r"! of "nFun!"on =a# alrady lo#d. prd

T'( )*+(*-n d-/0-*n pro4"d #u"n! 5a#"# !o p!"!"onr#ar !a! pr"4a! r#pondn! and "!# oun#l "n ! !r"al our!#o33"!!d foru3 #opp"n. &n Crisostomo & . 'ecurities andE0change Commission 23 = ruld /

*r "# foru3-#opp"n =n4r, a# a r#ul! of an ad4r#op"n"on "n on foru3, a par!y #># a fa4ora5l op"n"on o!r!an 5y appal or certiorari "n ano!r. * pr"n"pl appl"# . .. ="! r#p! !o #u"!# Ild "n ! our!# . . . "n onn!"on ="!l"!"a!"on# o33nd "n ! our! . . . "n an!""pa!"on of anunfa4ora5l . . . rul"n and a fa4ora5l a# =r ! our! "n=" ! #ond #u"! =a# 5rou!, a# no Fur"#d"!"on.

*"# Cour! l">="# lu"da!d "n /e9 $angasinan Re&ie9,+nc. & . /ational Labor Relations Commission 24 !a! !r "# foru3#opp"n =n ! a!"on# "n4ol4 ! #a3 !ran#a!"on#, ! #a3##n!"al fa!# and "ru3#!an#. * ra#on 5"nd !pro#r"p!"on of foru3 #opp"n "# o54"ou#. *"# unn##ar"ly5urdn# our our!# ="! a4y a#load#, unduly !a# !3anpo=r and Inan"al r#our# of ! Fud""ary and !r"# ="!and 3o># our Fud""al pro###, !r5y ad4r#ly a!"n !"n! ad3"n"#!ra!"on of Fu#!". *"# ond3na5l ondu! a#

pro3p!d ! Cour! !o "##u "rular# 25 ordr"n a3on o!r# !a!a 4"ola!"on !rof #all 5 au# for ! d"#3"##al of ! a# ora## ="!ou! prFud" !o ! !a>"n of appropr"a! a!"on aa"n#!! oun#l or par!y onrnd.

* rord# "nlu!a5ly #o= !a! ! o3pla"n! lodd 5y pr"4a!

r#pondn! ="! ! R"onal *r"al Cour! of KuOon C"!y on!a"nd nor!"Ia!"on of non-foru3 #opp"n. <n p!"!"onr Ild a 3o!"on !od"#3"## ! a# ra"#"n a3on o!r# ! round of foru3 #opp"n"! po"n!d ou! ! a5#n of ! rHu"rd r!"Ia!"on. * a3nddo3pla"n!, a# =ll a# ! #ond and !"rd a3ndd o3pla"n!#,a!!3p!d !o r!"fy ! rror 5y "n4ar"a5ly #!a!"n !a! !r =a# noo!r a!"on pnd"n 5!=n ! par!"# "n4ol4"n ! #a3 au##of a!"on al!ou !r =a# a!ually a for"5l n!ry a# pnd"n5for ! %*C of KuOon C"!y. By "!# ad3"##"on of a pnd"n for"5ln!ry a#, "! "# o54"ou# !a! pr"4a! r#pondn! =a# "ndul"n "nforu3 #opp"n. <"l pr"4a! r#pondn! on4n"n!ly fa"ld !o"nfor3 ! R*C !a! "! ad l">="# #ou! da3a# "n ! %*C on !5a#"# of ! #a3 for"5l n!ry, ! fa! r3a"n# !a! "! pr"#ly d"d

#o, =" #!ra!a3 =a# 5"n dupl"a!d "n ! #ond a#. *"# "#a o3pll"n ra#on !o d"#3"## ! #ond a#.

<ERE$RE, ! )!"!"on "# GRAN*E:. * Hu#!"ond :"#"on of! Cour! of Appal# da!d 27 'p!35r 199 and ! $rdr of !R"onal *r"al Cour! of KuOon C"!y da!d 2@ 'p!35r 199 arREER'E: and 'E* A'&:E. * R"onal *r"al Cour! of KuOon C"!y "#d"r!d !o d"#3"## C"4"l Ca# No. K-9-16@09, :;estin 'ea)oodMar(et, +nc. & .$rogressi&e "e&elopment Corporation, et al.,: and !%!ropol"!an *r"al Cour! of KuOon C"!y !o prod ="! ! proprd"#po#"!"on of C"4"l Ca# No. 689, :;estin 'ea)ood Mar(et,+nc. & . $rogressi&e "e&elopment Corporation, et al.,; ="! d"#pa!on#"dr"n ! #u33ary na!ur of ! a#. *r5l o#!# aa"n#!pr"4a! r#pondn!. Cdpr'$ $R:ERE:.$uno, Mendo#a, <uisumbing and !uena, JJ., onur.

PPP


















'EC$N: :&&'&$NGERONIMO . UADRA, petitioner , vs.THE COURT OF APPEALS and the PHILIPPINE CHARITY SWEEPSTAKES OFFICE, respondents. [G.R. No. 1@79. July1, 2006.] PUNO, J p *"# "# a p!"!"on for r4"= of ! d"#"on of ! Cour! of Appal# "n

CA-G.R. ') No. 6@ da!d :35r 29, 2000 and "!# r#olu!"onda!d %ar 26, 2001. * Cour! of Appal# r4r#d and #! a#"d !d"#"on of ! Na!"onal La5or Rla!"on# Co33"##"on NLRC "n NLRCNCR Ca# No. @12-+L) =" ar3d ! d"#"on of ! La5orAr5"!r ran!"n 3oral and 3plary da3a# !o p!"!"onr Gron"3oK. Kuadra "n onn!"on ="! "# d"#3"##al fro3 ! #r4".

)!"!"onr Gron"3o K. Kuadra =a# ! C"f Lal$r of r#pondn! )"l"pp"n Car"!y '=p#!a># $ )C'$=n oran"Od and a!"4ly par!""pa!d "n !a!"4"!"# of )"l"pp"n Car"!y '=p#!a># E3ploy# A##o"a!"onC+GC$, an oran"Oa!"on o3po#d of ! ran> and Il3ploy# of )C'$, and !n la!r, ! A##o"a!"on of '=p#!a>#

'!a )r#onnl and 'upr4"#or# C+GC$ A'')' [C+GC$]. &n Apr"l196@, =a# ad3"n"#!ra!"4ly ard 5for ! C"4"l 'r4"Co33"##"on ="! 4"ola!"on of C"4"l 'r4" La= and Rul# fornl! of du!y and 3"#ondu! andMor ondu! prFud""al !o !"n!r#! of ! #r4". $n July 1@, 196, ! C"4"l 'r4" Co33"##"onrndrd a d"#"on Ind"n p!"!"onr u"l!y of ! ar# andro33nd"n ! pnal!y of d"#3"##al. * follo="n day, on July 1,196, ! Gnral %anar of )C'$, &na"o 'an!o# :"aO, #n!p!"!"onr a l!!r of d"#3"##al, "n aordan ="! ! d"#"on of !C"4"l 'r4" Co33"##"on. )!"!"onr Ild a 3o!"on forron#"dra!"on of ! d"#"on of ! C"4"l 'r4" Co33"##"on onAuu#! 10, 196. A! ! #a3 !"3, p!"!"onr, !o!r ="! A'')'C+GC$, Ild ="! ! Cour! of &ndu#!r"al Rla!"on# C&R a o3pla"n!for unfa"r la5or pra!" aa"n#! r#pondn! )C'$ and "!# or#. *a# =a# do>!d a# Ca# No. @12-+L).

$n No435r 19, 1966, ! C&R "##ud "!# d"#"on Ind"n r#pondn!)C'$ u"l!y of unfa"r la5or pra!" for a4"n o33"!!dd"#r"3"na!"on aa"n#! ! un"on and for a4"n d"#3"##d p!"!"onrdu !o "# un"on a!"4"!"#. &! ordrd ! r"n#!a!3n! of p!"!"onr !o"# for3r po#"!"on ="! full 5a>=a# and ="! all ! r"!# andpr"4"l# pr!a"n"n !o #a"d po#"!"on. 1

R#pondn! )C'$ o3pl"d ="! ! d"#"on of ! C&R. Bu! ="l "!r"n#!a!d p!"!"onr !o "# for3r po#"!"on and pa"d "# 5a>=a#, "!

al#o Ild ="! ! 'upr3 Cour! a p!"!"on for r4"=on certiorari n!"!ld ;$hilippine Charity '9eepsta(es =ce, et al &*he Association o) '9eepsta(es 'ta> $ersonnel, et al.; a##a"l"n !d"#"on of ! C&R "n Ca# No. @12-+L). * p!"!"on =a# do>!d a#G.R. No. L-27@6. 2

$n %ar 16, 1967, dur"n ! pndny of ! a# "n !'upr3 Cour!, p!"!"onr Ild ="! ! C&R a ;)!"!"on for :a3a#.; prayd for 3oral and 3plary da3a# "n onn!"on ="! Ca#No. @12-+L). "!d ! d"#"on of !'upr3 Cour! "n Rheem of the Phii!!ines" In#." et a. v. Fe$$e$"et a . 3 =r "! upld ! Fur"#d"!"on of ! C&R o4r la"3# forda3a# "n"dn!al !o an 3ploy# d"#3"##al. A*CE

R#pondn! )C'$ 3o4d !o d"#3"## ! p!"!"on for da3a# on !follo="n round# 1 ! C&R a# no Fur"#d"!"on !o a=ard 3oral and3plary da3a#( 2 ! au# of a!"on "# 5arrd 5y pr"or Fud3n!, "! appar"n !a! !=o o3pla"n!# ar 5rou! for d"rn!par!# of a #"nl au# of a!"on( and ! p!"!"on #!a!# no 4al"d

au# of a!"on.

)!"!"onr r#"nd fro3 )C'$ on Auu#! 18, 1967.

* p!"!"on for da3a# and ! 3o!"on !o d"#3"##, o=4r,r3a"nd pnd"n ="! ! C&R un!"l "! =a# a5ol"#d and ! NLRC =a#ra!d. $n Apr"l 2, 1980, ! La5or Ar5"!r rndrd a d"#"ona=ard"n 3oral and 3plary da3a# !o p!"!"onr "n !a3oun! of )1.6 3"ll"on. * d"#po#"!"4 por!"on of ! d"#"on #!a!d<ERE$RE, "n 4"= of all ! foro"n on#"dra!"on#, Fud3n!"# r5y rndrd a=ard"n !o o3pla"nan! Gron"3oK. Kuadra 3oral da3a# on#"#!"n of ! follo="n #u3 *rundrd "f!y *ou#and )#o# )0,000.00 for 5#3"rdrpu!a!"on( *r undrd "f!y *ou#and )#o# )0,000.00 for#o"al u3"l"a!"on( $n undrd *ou#and )#o# )100,000.00 for3n!al anu"#( $n undrd *ou#and )#o# )100,000.00 for#r"ou# an"!y( $n undrd *ou#and )#o# )100,000.00 for=oundd fl"n#( $n undrd *ou#and )#o# )100,000.00 for3oral #o>( and ! fur!r #u3 of )00,000.00 a# 3plaryda3a#, on aoun! of ! ar5"!rary and unla=ful d"#3"##al!d 5y r#pondn!#. Con#Hun!ly, r#pondn!# ar !rforordrd !o pay o3pla"nan! Kuadra ! !o!al #u3 of$n %"ll"on '"undrd *ou#and )#o# )1,600,000.00 ="!"n !n 10 day#af!r !"# :"#"on 5o3# Inal. '$ $R:ERE:. 4

http://www.online.cdasia.com/jurisprudences/10795?hits%5B%5D%5Bid%5D=10795&hits%5B%5D%5Btype%5D=Jurisprudence&path=%2Fjurisprudences%2Fsearch&q%5Bcitation_finder%5D=&q%5Bfull_text%5D=&q%5Bissue_no%5D=&q%5Bponente%5D=&q%5Bsyllabus%5D=&q%5Btitle%5D=quadra+vs.+court+of+appeals&q%5Butf8%5D=%E2%9C%93&q%5Byear_end%5D=&q%5Byear_start%5D=#footnote1_0












* NLRC ar3d ! d"#"on of ! La5or Ar5"!r, 5 pro3p!"nr#pondn! )C'$ !o Il a p!"!"on for certiorari ="!!Cour! of Appal#.

* Cour! of Appal# r4r#d ! d"#"on of ! NLRC. &! ld !a!!r =a# no 5a#"# for ! ran! of 3oral and 3plary da3a# !o

p!"!"onr a# "# d"#3"##al =a# no! !a"n!d ="! 5ad fa"!. &! =a# !C"4"l 'r4" Co33"##"on !a! ro33ndd p!"!"onr# d"#3"##alaf!r ondu!"n an "n4#!"a!"on. &! al#o ld !a! ! p!"!"on la"3"n3oral and 3plary da3a# Ild 5y p!"!"onr af!r r#pondn!)C'$ ad o3pl"d ="! ! C&R d"#"on of r"n#!a!3n! and5a>=a# a3oun!d !o #pl"!!"n of au# of a!"on. "

)!"!"onr Ild a 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on of !d"#"on of ! Cour! of Appal#, 5u! ! #a3 =a# dn"d for la> for3r"!. #

)!"!"onr no= #># ! Cour! !o r4"= !rul"n of ! Cour! of Appal#. 5a#"ally aru# &EAC

"r#! * rul"n of ! Cour! of Appal# !a! ! )C'$ d"d no! a! "n5ad fa"! =n "! d"#3"##d ! p!"!"onr "# on!rary !o ! alradyInal and u!ory d"#"on of ! C&R da!d No435r 1[9], 1966Ind"n ! )C'$ u"l!y of 5ad fa"! and unfa"r la5or pra!" "nd"#3"##"n ! p!"!"onr. * d"#"on of ! C&R =a# ar3d 5y! " Cour! "n ! a# of $C', et al & Geronimo < <uadra,et al., 11 'CRA @. * Cour! of Appal# a# no Fur"#d"!"on !oa3nd ! Inal and u!ory d"#"on of No435r 1[9],1966 of ! C&R =" =a# ar3d 5y ! " Cour!. $n ad"#"on a# 5o3 Inal [and] u!ory, "! ould no lonr 5a3ndd or al!rd.

'ond * rul"n of ! Cour! of Appal# !a! ! la"3# for3oral and 3plary da3a# of ! p!"!"onr "# alldly;!an!a3oun! !o #pl"!!"n of au# of a!"on undr '. @, Rul2 of ! 1997 Rul# of C"4"l )rodur; "# on!rary !o la=. <np!"!"onr Ild ="! ! C&R "# o3pla"n! for "llal d"#3"##aland unfa"r la5or pra!", ! pr4a"l"n la= and Fur"#prudn=a# !a! ! C&R d"d no! a4 Fur"#d"!"on !o ran! 3oral and3plary da3a#. )!"!"onr# la"3 for 3oral da3a# =a#Ild ="! ! C&R "n ! #a3 a# 5y 4"r!u of !rul"n of ! ?igh Court in Rheem & 1errer , 19 'CRA 10old"n !a! ! C&R a# Fur"#d"!"on !o a=ard 3oral and3plary da3a# ar"#"n ou! of "llal d"#3"##al and unfa"rla5or pra!". $

* p!"!"on "# "3pr##d ="! 3r"!.

A d"#3"##d 3ploy "# n!"!ld !o 3oral da3a# =n ! d"#3"##al"# a!!ndd 5y 5ad fa"! or fraud or on#!"!u!# an a! oppr##"4 !ola5or, or "# don "n a 3annr on!rary !o ood 3oral#, ood u#!o3# or

pu5l" pol"y. E3plary da3a# 3ay 5 a=ardd "f ! d"#3"##al "#!d "n a =an!on, oppr##"4 or 3al4oln! 3annr. % &! appar#fro3 ! fa!# !a! p!"!"onr =a# dl"5ra!ly d"#3"##d fro3 !#r4" 5y ra#on of "# a!"4 "n4ol43n! "n ! a!"4"!"# of !un"on roup#of 5o! ! ran> and Il and ! #upr4"#ory3ploy# of )C'$, =" un"on# "3#lf oran"Od and add.R#pondn! )C'$ Ir#! ard p!"!"onr 5for ! C"4"l 'r4"Co33"##"on for alld nl! of du!y and ondu! prFud""al !o !#r4" 5au# of "# un"on a!"4"!"#. * C"4"l 'r4" Co33"##"onro33ndd ! d"#3"##al ofp!"!"onr. R#pondn! )C'$"33d"a!ly #r4d on p!"!"onr a l!!r of d"#3"##al 4n 5for !la!!r ould 3o4 for a ron#"dra!"on of ! d"#"on of ! C"4"l'r4" Co33"##"on. R#pondn! )C'$ 3ay no! "3pu! !o ! C"4"l

'r4" Co33"##"on ! r#pon#"5"l"!y for p!"!"onr# "llal d"#3"##ala# "! =a# r#pondn! )C'$ !a! Ir#! Ild ! ad3"n"#!ra!"4 araa"n#! "3. A# found 5y ! C&R, p!"!"onr# d"#3"##al on#!"!u!dunfa"r la5or pra!". &! =a# don !o "n!rfr ="!, r#!ra"n or or3ploy# "n ! r"# of !"r r"! !o #lf-oran"Oa!"on. &! #!a!d

+pon ! n!"r 4"dn a# a =ol sic, ! []our! fl# and5l"4# !a! o3pla"nan! Kuadra =a# d"#r"3"na!or"ly d"#3"##d5y ra#on of "# 3"l"!an! un"on a!"4"!"#, no! only a#)r#"dn! of )C'EA, 5u! al#o a# )r#"dn! of ! A'')'. 1&

&n N0(a E/-a I E(/+-/ C**6(+a-(, In/. 7NEECO I8 E96*:((A*/-a-*n, ( a. . NLRC, ( a., 11 = found "! propr !o a=ard3oral and 3plary da3a# !o "llally d"#3"##d 3ploy# a#!"r d"#3"##al =a# !a"n!d ="! unfa"r la5or pra!". * Cour! #a"dUnfai$ a%o$ !$a#ti#es vioate the #onstit&tiona $i'hts of (o$)e$s and em!o*ees to sef+o$'ani,ation" a$einimi#a to the e'itimate inte$ests of %oth a%o$ and mana'ement" in#&din' thei$ $i'ht to %a$'ain #oe#tive* and othe$(ise dea (ith ea#h othe$ in an atmos!he$e of f$eedomand m&t&a $es!e#t- and dis$&!t ind&st$ia !ea#e and hinde$ the !$omotion ofheath* and sta%e a%o$+mana'ement $eations. As the #ons#ien#e of the 'ove$nment" it isthe Co&$ts s(o$n d&t* to ens&$e that none t$i/es (ith a%o$ $i'hts. *EA'


















or !"# ra#on, = Ind "! propr "n !"# a# !o "3po# 3oraland 3plary da3a# on pr"4a! r#pondn!. . . .

$n ! #ond "##u, = ar ="! p!"!"onr !a! ! Il"n of ap!"!"on for da3a# 5for ! C&R d"d no! on#!"!u!

#pl"!!"n of au# of a!"on undr ! R4"#d Rul# of Cour!. *R4"#d Rul# of Cour! pro"5"!# par!"# fro3 "n#!"!u!"n 3or !an on#u"! for a #"nl au# of a!"on. 'pl"!!"n a au# of a!"on "# !a! of d"4"d"n a #"nl au# of a!"on, la"3 or d3and "n!o !=o or3or par!#, and 5r"n"n #u"! for on of #u par!# only, "n!nd"n !or#r4 ! r#! for ano!r #para! a!"on. * purpo# of ! rul "#!o a4o"d ara##3n! and 4a!"on !o ! dfndan! and a4o"d3ul!"pl""!y of #u"!#.12 * pr4a"l"n rul a! ! !"3 !a! ! a!"on for unfa"r la5or pra!"and "llal d"#3"##al =a# Ild and !r"d 5for ! C&R =a# !a!#a"d our! ad no Fur"#d"!"on o4r la"3# for da3a#. n,p!"!"onr, a! !a! !"3, ould no! ra"# ! "##u ofda3a# "n !

prod"n#. o=4r, on January 27, 1967, !'upr3 Cour! rndrd "!# rul"n "n R'((9 *) '( P'--66-n(, In/.,( a. . F(++(+, ( a . 13 upold"n ! Fur"#d"!"on of ! C&R o4rla"3# for da3a# "n"dn!al !o an 3ploy# "llal d"#3"##al.)!"!"onr proprly Ild "# la"3 for da3a# af!r ! dlara!"on 5y! Cour! and 5for ! rul"n on !"r a# 5a3 Inal. 'u Il"nould no! 5 on#"drd a# #pl"!!"n of au# of a!"on.

&N &E< <ERE$, ! a##a"ld d"#"on andr#olu!"on of ! Cour! of Appal# ar REER'E: and 'E* A'&:E. *d"#"on of! NLRC "n NLRC NCR Ca# No. @12-+L) "# RE&N'*A*E:.

'$ $R:ERE:.'ando&al-Gutierre#, Corona, A#cuna and Garcia, JJ, onur.

PPP 7<uadra & Court o) Appeals, GR /o 4@B56, July 64, 3DDF, B35$?+L 34-33B8








*&R: :&&'&$NLOURDES DELA CRU;, petitioner , vs. HON. COURT OFAPPEALS and MELBA TAN TE, respondents. [G.R.No. 19@@2. :35r 6, 2006.] VELASCO, JR, J p

1or unto e&ery one that hath shall be gi&en, and he shall ha&e

abundanceH but )rom him that hath not shall be ta(en a9ay e&en that 9hich he hath.

/ oly B"5l, %a!!= 229T'( Ca(

*"# p!"!"on for r4"= #># !o null"fy ! Apr"l 0, 1999 :"#"on and! July 16, 1999 R#olu!"on of ! Cour! of Appal# "n CA-G.R. ') No.@9097, =" r4r#d ! :"#"on of ! %an"la R"onal *r"al Cour!R*C, Bran , "n C"4"l Ca# No. 98-8917@, and r"n#!a!d !:"#"on of ! %an"la %!ropol"!an *r"al Cour! %*C, Bran 20,=" ordrd p!"!"onr :la CruO !o 4aa! ! #u5F! lo! "n fa4or of r#pondn! *an *. 1

T'( Fa/ * Ry# fa3"ly, rpr#n!d 5y %r. L"no Ry#, o=nd ! lo! loa!d

a! No. 12 La#on '!r! for3rly Go4. or5# '!r!, 'a3palo,%an"la. )!"!"onr Lourd# :la CruO =a# on of !"r l###, and #rl""ou#ly pa"d rn! o4r a por!"on of ! lo! for =ll o4r @0 yar#.'o3!"3 "n 1989, a Ir #!ru> ! pr3"## and d#!royd, a3ono!r#, p!"!"onr# d=ll"n. Af!r ! Ir, p!"!"onr and #o3 !nan!#r!urnd !o ! #a"d lo! and r5u"l! !"r r#p!"4 ou##(#"3ul!anou#ly, ! Ry# fa3"ly 3ad #4ral 4r5al d3and# on !r3a"n"n l###, "nlud"n p!"!"onr, !o 4aa! ! lo! 5u! ! la!!rd"d no! o3ply. $n 5ruary 21, 199@, p!"!"onr =a# #r4d a =r"!!nd3and !o 4aa! #a"d lo! 5u! rfu#d !o la4. :#p"! ! #!5a>,! Ry# fa3"ly d"d no! "n"!"a! our! prod"n# aa"n#! any of !l###.

$n No435r 26, 1996, ! d"#pu!d lo! =a# #old 5y ! Ry## !or#pondn! %l5a *an * 5y 4"r!u of ! No435r 26, 1996 :d of A5#olu! 'al. R#pondn! 5ou! ! lo! "n Hu#!"on for r#"dn!"alpurpo##. :#p"! ! #al, p!"!"onr :la CruO d"d no! "4 up !lo!. '&aA*

$n January 1@, 1997, p!"!"onr =a# #n! a =r"!!n d3and !orl"nHu"# ! pr3"## =" # "nord, pro3p!"n r#pondn! *an * !o "n"!"a! on"l"a!"on prod"n# a! ! 5aranay l4l. <"lr#pondn! a!!3p!d !o #!!l ! d"#pu! 5y or"n Inan"ala##"#!an, p!"!"onr oun!rd 5y a#>"n )) 00,000.00 for rou#. R#pondn! rF!d ! oun!r or =" # on#"drd

unon#"ona5l. A# a r#ul!, a r!"Ia! !o Il a!"on =a# "##ud !o *an *.

$n 'p!35r 8, 1997, r#pondn! *an * Ild an F!3n! o3pla"n!="! da3a# 5for ! %an"la %*C, n!"!ldMelba *an *e & Lourdes"ela Cru# and do>!d a# C"4"l Ca# No. 1670-C. * o3pla"n!

a4rrd !a! 1 ! pr4"ou# o=nr#, ! Ry## =r "n po####"onand on!rol of ! on!#!d lo!( 2 on No435r 26, 1996, ! lo! =a##old !o *an *( pr"or !o ! #al, :la CruO for"5ly n!rd !propr!y ="! #!ra!y andMor #!al!( @ ! p!"!"onr unla=fullydpr"4d ! r#pondn! of py#"al po####"on of ! propr!y andon!"nu# !o do #o( and, ! r#pondn! #n! #4ral =r"!!nd3and# !o p!"!"onr !o 4aa! ! pr3"## 5u! rfu#d !o do #o.

$n $!o5r 2@, 1997, p!"!"onr Ild r an#=r and alld !a! 1! %*C ad no Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! a# 5au# "! fall# ="!"n ! Fur"#d"!"on of ! R*C a# 3or !an on yar ad lap#d fro3p!"!"onr# for"5l n!ry( 2 # =a# a rn!-pay"n !nan! pro!!d5y ): 20( 2 r la# on#!"!u!d a lal nu35ran upon !

propr!y( and @ ! lo! =a# #u5F! of propr"a!"on.

T'( R0-n *) '( Man-a M(TC$n Apr"l , 1998, ! %*C d"dd a# follo=#<ERE$RE, Fud3n! "# r5y rndrd "n fa4or of !pla"n!" a# follo=#

1. $rdr"n ! dfndan! and all pr#on# la"3"n r"! undrr !o 4aa! ! pr3"## #"!ua!d a! 12 La#on '!r!for3rly Go4. or5# '!r!, 'a3palo, %an"la and pafullyr!urn po####"on !rof !o pla"n!"( *a:AE2. $rdr"n ! dfndan! !o pay ! pla"n!" ! a3oun! of )60.00 a 3on! fro3 :35r 1996 !o No435r 1997()@2.00 a 3on! fro3 :35r 1997 !o No435r 1998,plu# 20T for a #u5#Hun! yar un!"l ! pr3"## #alla4 5n 4aa!d and !urnd o4r !o ! pla"n!"(. $rdr"n ! dfndan! !o pay ! pla"n!" ! a3oun! of )10,000.00 a# a!!orny# f#( and, ! o#!# of ! #u"!.'$ $R:ERE:. 3

T'( R0-n *) '( R(-*na T+-a C*0++non4"nd, p!"!"onr :la CruO appald ! :"#"on of ! %*C"n ! %an"la R*C and ! appal =a# do>!d a# C"4"l Ca# No. 98-8917@. $n 'p!35r 1, 1998, ! R*C rndrd "!# Fud3n! #!!"na#"d ! Apr"l , 1998 :"#"on of ! %an"la %*C and d"#3"##d

http://www.online.cdasia.com/jurisprudences/10185?hits%5B%5D%5Bid%5D=10185&hits%5B%5D%5Btype%5D=Jurisprudence&path=%2Fjurisprudences%2Fsearch&q%5Bcitation_finder%5D=&q%5Bfull_text%5D=&q%5Bissue_no%5D=139442&q%5Bponente%5D=&q%5Bsyllabus%5D=&q%5Btitle%5D=&q%5Butf8%5D=%E2%9C%93&q%5Byear_end%5D=&q%5Byear_start%5D=#footnote1_0










r#pondn! *an *# Co3pla"n! on ! round !a! "! =a# ! R*C andno! ! %*C =" ad Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! #u5F! 3a!!r of !a#. * R*C 5l"4d !a! #"n *an *# prd##or-"n-"n!r#!larnd of p!"!"onr# "n!ru#"on "n!o ! lo! a# arly a# 5ruary 21,199@, ! F!3n! #u"! #ould a4 5n Ild ="!"n ! on-yarpr#r"p!"4 pr"od =" p"rd on 5ruary 21, 199. '"n !

Ry# d"d n* Il ! F!3n! #u"! and r#pondn! *an * Ild !a!"on only on 'p!35r 8, 1997, !n ! #u"! ad 5o3 an accion publiciana on"Oa5l 5y ! R*C.

T'( R0-n *) '( C*0+ *) A66(a:"#appo"n!d a! ! !urn of 4n!#, r#pondn! *an * appald !ad4r# :"#"on !o ! Cour! of Appal# CA =" =a# do>!d a#CA-G.R. ') No. @9097. *"# !"3, ! CA rndrd a :"#"on "n fa4or of r#pondn! *an * r4r#"n ! %an"la R*C 'p!35r 1, 1998:"#"on and r"n#!a!d ! %an"la %*C Apr"l , 1998 :"#"on.

)!"!"onr !r"d !o a4 ! CA ron#"dr "!# :"#"on 5u! =a# r5u!!d"n "!# July 16, 1999 R#olu!"on.

+ny"ld"n !o ! CA :"#"on and ! dn"al of r rHu#! forron#"dra!"on, p!"!"onr :la CruO no= #># lal r3dy !rou! "n#!an! )!"!"on for R4"= on Cr!"orar" 5for ! Cour!.

T'( I0()!"!"onr :la CruO la"3# !=o 2 r4r#"5l rror# on ! par! of !applla! our!, !o ="! EA&':

A *E $N. C$+R* $ A))EAL', <&* :+E RE')EC*, <EN*BED$N: *E &''+E' $ *E CA'E AN: C$N*RARD *$ *$'E$ *E *R&AL C$+R*.

B *E $N. C$+R* $ A))EAL', <&* :+E RE')EC*, ERRE: &NREER'&NG *E :EC&'&$N $ *E R*C AN: &N EEC*,RE&N'*A*&NG *E :EC&'&$N $ *E [%*C] <&C &'C$N*RA:&C*E: BD *E E&:ENCE $N REC$R:. 4

T'( C*0+< R0-nD-/0-*n *n R0( 45Bfor = d=ll on ! pr"n"pal "##u#, a f= produral 3a!!r# 3u#!Ir#! 5 r#ol4d.

)!"!"onr :la CruO a#># ! Cour! !o r4"= ! Ind"n# of fa!# of ! CA, a our# of a!"on pro#r"5d 5y '!"on 1, Rul @. "r3 "# !

rul !a! Ind"n# of fa! of ! CA ar Inal and onlu#"4 and anno!5 r4"=d on appal !o !"# Cour! pro4"dd !y ar #uppor!d 5y4"dn on rord or #u5#!an!"al 4"dn. or!una!ly for p!"!"onr,= ="ll 5 l"5ral ="! r p!"!"on on#"dr"n !a! ! CA# fa!ualInd"n# on!rad"! !o# of ! R*C, and !r =a# an a##4ra!"on!a! ! our! a quo =n! 5yond ! "##u# of ! a#. &ndd, !#

round# =r on#"drd p!"on# !o ! fa!ual "##u 5ar rul.

'ondly, ! p!"!"on unn##ar"ly "3pladd ! CA "n 4"ola!"on of '!"on @, Rul @. < ="ll l! !"# 5ra pa## only 5au# !r "# and !o n!r!a"n ! p!"!"on du !o ! on"!"n rul"n# 5!=n! lo=r our!#( o=4r, a rp!"!"on 3ay r#ul! !o #an!"on#.

* a!ual !r#old "##u "# =" our!, ! %an"la R*C or ! %an"la%*C, a# Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! *an * F!3n! #u"!. $n ! Fur"#d"!"onal "##u "# #!!ld, ! ar! of ! d"#pu! "# =!r or no!r#pondn! "# n!"!ld !o ! F!3n! of p!"!"onr :la CruO fro3 !pr3"##. ECa&*

o=4r, ! p!"!"on "# 5rf! of 3r"!.

On '( I0( *) =0+-d-/-*n Jur"#d"!"on "# ! po=r or apa"!y "4n 5y ! la= !o a our! or!r"5unal !o n!r!a"n, ar and d!r3"n r!a"non!ro4r#"#. 5 Jur"#d"!"on o4r ! #u5F! 3a!!r "# onfrrd 5yla=.

'!"on of Cap!r &&& / on %!ropol"!an *r"al Cour!#, %un""pal *r"alCour!#, and %un""pal C"ru"! *r"al Cour!# of B. ). No. 129 " pro4"d#

'!"on . Jurisdiction o) Metropolitan *rial Courts, Municipal*rial Courts and Municipal Circuit *rial Courts in ci&il cases . /%!ropol"!an *r"al Cour!#, %un""pal *r"al Cour!#, and %un""palC"ru"! *r"al Cour!# #all r"#

2 Elu#"4 or""nal Fur"#d"!"on o4r a## of for"5l n!ryand unla=ful d!a"nr )ro4"dd, *a! =n, "n #u a##, !dfndan! ra"## ! Hu#!"on of o=nr#"p "n "# plad"n#and ! Hu#!"on of po####"on anno! 5 r#ol4d ="!ou!d"d"n ! "##u of o=nr#"p, ! "##u of o=nr#"p #all 5r#ol4d only !o d!r3"n ! "##u of po####"on.

*u# lu#"4, or""nal Fur"#d"!"on o4r F!3n! prod"n# accioninterdictal "# lodd ="! ! Ir#! l4l our!#. *"# "# lar"Id "n











'!"on 1, Rul 70 of ! 1997 Rul# of C"4"l )rodur !a! 35ra#an a!"on for for"5l n!ry detentacion, =r on "# dpr"4d of py#"al po####"on of any land or 5u"ld"n 5y 3an# of for,"n!"3"da!"on, !ra!, #!ra!y, or #!al!. &n a!"on# for for"5l n!ry,!r rHu"#"!# a4 !o 5 3! for ! 3un""pal !r"al our! !oaHu"r Fur"#d"!"on. "r#!, ! pla"n!"# 3u#! all !"r pr"or py#"al

po####"on of ! propr!y. 'ond, !y 3u#! al#o a##r! !a! !y=r dpr"4d of po####"on "!r 5y for, "n!"3"da!"on, !ra!,#!ra!y, or #!al!. *"rd, ! a!"on 3u#! 5 Ild ="!"n on 1 yarfro3 ! !"3 ! o=nr# or lal po####or# larnd of !"rdpr"4a!"on of py#"al po####"on of ! land or 5u"ld"n. *A&E': * o!r >"nd of F!3n! prod"n "# unla=ful d!a"nrdesahucio, =r on unla=fully ="!old# po####"on of ! #u5F!propr!y af!r ! p"ra!"on or !r3"na!"on of ! r"! !o po####.r, ! "##u of r"!ful po####"on "# ! on d"#"4( for "n #ua!"on, ! dfndan! "# ! par!y "n a!ual po####"on and !pla"n!"# au# of a!"on "# ! !r3"na!"on of ! dfndan!# r"! !oon!"nu "n po####"on. # * ##n!"al rHu"#"!# of unla=ful d!a"nrar 1 ! fa! of la# 5y 4"r!u of a on!ra! pr## or "3pl"d( 2

! p"ra!"on or !r3"na!"on of ! po####or# r"! !o oldpo####"on( ="!old"n 5y ! l## of ! po####"on of ! landor 5u"ld"n af!r p"ra!"on or !r3"na!"on of ! r"! !o po####"on( @l!!r of d3and upon l## !o pay ! rn!al or o3ply ="! !!r3# of ! la# and 4aa! ! pr3"##( and ! a!"on 3u#!5 Ild ="!"n on 1 yar fro3 da! of la#! d3and r"4d 5y !dfndan!. A pr#on =o =an!# !o ro4r py#"al po####"on of "# ral propr!y="ll prfr an F!3n! #u"! 5au# "! "# o4rnd 5y ! Rul on'u33ary )rodur =" allo=# "33d"a! u!"on of ! Fud3n! undr '!"on 19, Rul 70 unl## ! dfndan! prf!# anappal "n ! R*C and o3pl"# ="! ! rHu"r3n!# !o #!ayu!"on( all of =" ar n4r!l## 5nI"al !o ! "n!r#!# of ! lo! o=nr or ! oldr of ! r"! of po####"on.

$n ! o!r and, '!"on 19, of Cap!r && of B.). No. 129 on R"onal *r"al Cour!# pro4"d#

S(/-*n 1%. Jurisdiction in ci&il cases. / R"onal *r"al Cour!##all r"# lu#"4 or""nal Fur"#d"!"on

2 &n all "4"l a!"on# =" "n4ol4 ! !"!l !o, or po####"onof, ral propr!y, or any "n!r#! !r"n, p! a!"on# forfor"5l n!ry "n!o and unla=ful d!a"nr of land# or 5u"ld"n#,

or""nal Fur"#d"!"on o4r =" "# onfrrd upon %!ropol"!an *r"al Cour!#, %un""pal *r"al Cour!# and %un""pal C"ru"! *r"alCour!#.

*=o 2 >"nd# of a!"on !o ro4r po####"on of ral propr!y =" fallundr ! Fur"#d"!"on of ! R*C ar 1 ! plnary a!"on for !

ro4ry of ! ral r"! of po####"on accion publiciana =n !d"#po####"on a# la#!d for 3or !an on yar or =n ! a!"on=a# Ild 3or !an on 1 yar fro3 da! of ! la#! d3and r"4d5y ! l## or dfndan!( and 2 an a!"on for ! ro4ry of o=nr#"p accion rei&indicatoria =" "nlud# ! ro4ry of po####"on. *CaA:'

*# a!"on# ar o4rnd 5y ! rular rul# of produr andadFud"a!"on !a># a lonr pr"od !an ! #u33ary F!3n! #u"!. *o d!r3"n =!r a o3pla"n! for ro4ry of po####"on fall#undr ! Fur"#d"!"on of ! %*C Ir#! l4l our! or ! R*C #ondl4l our!, = ar o3plld !o o o4r ! alla!"on# of !o3pla"n!. * nral rul "# !a! =a! d!r3"n# ! na!ur of !

a!"on and ! our! !a! a# Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! a# ar !alla!"on# "n ! o3pla"n!. *# anno! 5 3ad !o dpnd upon! dfn## #! up "n ! an#=r or plad"n# Ild 5y !dfndan!. $

*"# nral rul o=4r ad3"!# p!"on#. &n +gnacio & C1+ o) !ulacan, "! =a# ld ;!a! ="l ! alla!"on# "n ! o3pla"n! 3a>ou! a a# for for"5l n!ry, =r !nany "# a4rrd 5y =ay of dfn# and "# pro4d !o 5 ! ral "##u, ! a# #ould 5d"#3"##d for la> of Fur"#d"!"on a# ! a# #ould proprly 5 Ild="! ! !n Cour! of Arar"an Rla!"on#.; %

* au# of a!"on "n a o3pla"n! "# no! =a! ! d#"na!"on of !o3pla"n! #!a!#, 5u! =a! ! alla!"on# "n ! 5ody of ! o3pla"n!dIn and d#r"5. * d#"na!"on or ap!"on "# no! on!roll"n, 3or!an ! alla!"on# "n ! o3pla"n! !3#l4# ar, for "! "# no! 4nan "nd"#pn#a5l par! of ! o3pla"n!. 1&

L! u# rfr !o ! alla!"on# of ! o3pla"n! Ild "n ! %an"la %*C"n C"4"l Ca# No. 98-8917@, =" = Huo! 4r5a!"3

. *a! pla"n!" "# ! a5#olu! and r"#!rd o=nr of a parlof land loa!d a! No. 12, La#on '!r!, 'a3palo, %an"lano= 5"n oup"d 5y dfndan!(













@. *a! pla"n!" pura#d ! a5o4-#a"d parl of land!o!r ="! "!# "3pro43n!# fro3 ! lal "r# of ! la!E%ERL&N:A :&%AD+GA REDE' on No435r 26, 1996, undrand 5y 4"r!u of a :d of A5#olu! 'al . . .( :*&aE. *a! pur#uan! !o ! #a"d dd of #al, ! !"!l !o ! landand all "!# "3pro43n!# =a# !ran#frrd "n pla"n!"# na3 a#

4"dnd 5y *ran#fr Cr!"Ia! of *"!l No. 227 "##ud 5y! R"#!r of :d# of %an"la on Apr"l 22, 1997 . . .(6. *a! pr"or !o #a"d #al, ! pr4"ou# o=nr#, rpr#n!d 5y%r. L"no Ry#, u#5and of ! #a"d da#d E3rl"nda :.Ry# and ! ad3"n"#!ra!or of r #!a!, =a# "n po####"onand on!rol of ! propr!y #u5F! of !"# o3pla"n!(7. *a! al#o pr"or !o #a"d #al, dfndan!, ="!ou! !>no=ld and on#n! of %r. L"no Ry#, #urrp!"!"ou#ly and5y 3an# of #!al! and #!ra!y n!rd, u#d and oup"d! #a"d pr3"## !u# dpr"4"n ! for3r of r"!fulpo####"on !rof(8. *a! on 5ruary 21, 199@, %r. L"no Ry#, !rou A!!y.AlFo 'd"o, "# la=yr, furn"#d ! dfndan!# a l!!r

for3ally d3and"n !a! dfndan! 4aa! ! pr3"## . . .(9. *a!, o=4r, dfndan! fa"ld and rfu#d !o 4aa!d#p"! Fu#! and lal d3and 5y %r. L"no Ry#(10. *a! af!r ! #al !o pla"n!" of #a"d pr3"##, pla"n!" a##4ral !"3# d3andd of dfndan!# !o 4aa! ! pr3"##,! la#! d3and a4"n 5n 3ad on !3 pr#onally and "n=r"!"n on January 1@, 1997 . . .(11. *a! dfndan! fa"ld and rfu#d and #!"ll fa"l# and rfu##!o 4aa! ! pr3"## ="!ou! lal au# or Fu#!"Ia5l ra#on=a!#o4r( 11

* an#=r of p!"!"onr a4rrd@. * Cour! a# no Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! a#, a4"n 5nIld 5y pla"n!" 3or !an ! rl3n!ary on yar pr"od !oo33n for"5l n!ry a#, =" "# r>ond fro3 ! da!of ! alld unla=ful n!ry of dfndan! 5y ! u# of #!al!and #!ra!y "n!o ! pr3"##(. or 3or !an four dad# no=, dfndan! a# 5n and#!"ll "# a rn!-pay"n !nan! of ! #u5F! land oup"d 5y!"r r#"dn!"al ou#, da!"n 5a> !o ! or""nal o=nr-l##or, ! :"3ayua fa3"ly. r la# ="! no dIn"!dura!"on, o33nd ="! a rn! a! )60.00 pr 3on! un!"l "!=a# radually "nra#d "n ! n#u"n yar#. A# of No435r1996, "! #!ood a! )00.00 a 3on!( E'Aa

6. &n !"# "ru3#!an# [#"], dfndan! nFoy# ! pro!!"43an!l of ).:. 20 and ! #u5#Hun! rn!al on!rol #!a!u#aa"n#! d"#po####"on. ' anno! 5 F!d o!r !an forau## pr#r"5d undr B.). Bl. 2. ur!r, "n a# of #al of ! land, # a# ! r"! of Ir#! rfu#al undr ! pr##pro4"#"on of ).:. 171(

7. *rouou! ! yar# of r !nany, dfndan! a# 5nupda!d "n r rn!al pay3n! un!"l ! oll!or of ! or""nalo=nr-l##or no lonr a3 around a# # a# don!r!ofor(

7.1. A# a r#ul!, # =a# o3plld !o Il a p!"!"on foron#"na!"on of rn! 5for ! %!ropol"!an *r"al Cour! of %an"la(8. A 5ona Id !nan! ="!"n ! a35"! "f [#"] ).:. 20 and !#u5#Hun! rn!al on!rol #!a!u#, "nlud"n B.). Bl. 2, undr"!# !r3#, anno! 5 ou#!d on a pla of p"ra!"on of r3on!ly la#(9. r la# on#!"!u!# a lal nu35ran upon !propr!y of ! l##orMo=nr and 5"nd# ! la!!r# #u##or-

"n-"n!r#! =o "# undr o5l"a!"on !o r#p! "!(10. * land a! 5n "# ! #u5F! of a pnd"n propr"a!"onprod"n#(11. )la"n!" 5"n a 3arr"d =o3an anno! #u or 5 #ud="!ou! 5"n Fo"nd 5y r u#5and( 12

+ndn"a5ly, ! aforHuo!d alla!"on# of ! o3pla"n! ar 4auand "y "n r4al"n ! na!ur of ! a!"on for F!3n!.

* alla!"on# "n ! o3pla"n! #o= !a! pr"or !o ! #al 5y L"noRy#, rpr#n!"n ! #!a! of "# ="f E3rl"nda Ry#, =a# "npo####"on and on!rol of ! #u5F! lo! 5u! =r dpr"4d of #a"dpo####"on =n p!"!"onr, 5y 3an# of #!al! and #!ra!y, n!rdand oup"d ! #a3 lo!. *# "ru3#!an# "3ply !a! adpr"or py#"al po####"on of ! #u5F! lo! and an 3a> up a for"5ln!ry o3pla"n!. EC*a

$n ! o!r and, ! alla!"on !a! p!"!"onr :la CruO =a# #r4d#4ral d3and# !o la4 ! pr3"## 5u! rfu#d !o do #o =ould#3 !o "nd"a! an a!"on for unla=ful d!a"nr #"n a =r"!!nd3and "# no! n##ary "n an a!"on for for"5l n!ry. &! "# a fa! !a!! %*C o3pla"n! =a# Ild on 'p!35r 8, 1997 ="!"n on 1yar fro3 ! da! of ! la#! =r"!!n d3and upon p!"!"onr :laCruO on January 1@, 1997.









A# pr4"ou#ly d"#u##d, ! #!!ld rul "# Fur"#d"!"on "# 5a#d on !alla!"on# "n ! "n"!"a!ory plad"n and ! dfn## "n ! an#=rar d3d "rrl4an! and "33a!r"al "n "!# d!r3"na!"on. o=4r,= rla ! rul and on#"dr ! o3pla"n! a! 5ar a# an p!"on "n4"= of ! #p"al and un"Hu "ru3#!an# pr#n!. "r#!, a#"n+gnacio & C1+ o) !ulacan,13 ! dfn# of la> of Fur"#d"!"on =a#

ra"#d "n ! an#=r =r"n !r =a# an ad3"##"on !a! p!"!"onr:la CruO =a# a l## of ! for3r o=nr# of ! lo!, ! Ry##,pr"or !o ! #al !o r#pondn! *an *. * fa! !a! p!"!"onr =a# a!nan! of ! prd##or#-"n-"n!r#! of r#pondn! *an * "# 3a!r"al!o ! d!r3"na!"on of Fur"#d"!"on. '"n !"# "# a Fud""al ad3"##"onaa"n#! ! "n!r#! of p!"!"onr, #u ad3"##"on an 5 on#"drd "nd!r3"n"n Fur"#d"!"on. 'ond, ! F!3n! #u"! =a# Ild ="! !%an"la %*C on 'p!35r 8, 1997 or 3or !an n"n 9 yar# ao. *od"#3"## ! o3pla"n! =ould 5 a #r"ou# 5lo= !o ! !"4d"#pn#a!"on of Fu#!" a# ! par!"# ="ll #!ar! an= and "nuradd"!"onal lal pn## af!r a4"n l"!"a!d for a lon !"3.EHu"!a5l Fu#!" d"!a!# !a! alla!"on# "n ! an#=r #ould 5on#"drd !o a"d "n arr"4"n a! ! ral na!ur of ! a!"on. La#!ly,

'!"on 6, Rul 1 of ! Rul# of Cour! larly 3po=r# ! Cour! !oon#!ru Rul 70 and o!r pr!"nn! produral "##uan# ;"n a l"5ral3annr !o pro3o! Fu#!, #pdy, and "npn#"4 d"#po#"!"on of 4rya!"on and prod"n.;

Ba#d on ! o3pla"n! and ! an#=r, "! "# apparn! !a! ! *an *F!3n! o3pla"n! "# af!r all a o3pla"n! for unla=ful d!a"nr. &!=a# ad3"!!d !a! p!"!"onr :la CruO =a# a l## of ! Ry## foraround four @ dad#. *u#, "n"!"ally p!"!"onr a# l## "# ! lalpo####or of ! #u5F! lo! 5y 4"r!u of a on!ra! of la#. <n Ird#!royd r ou#, ! Ry## on#"drd ! la# !r3"na!d( 5u!p!"!"onr :la CruO pr#"#!d "n r!urn"n !o ! lo! and oup"d "! 5y#!ra!y and #!al! ="!ou! ! on#n! of ! o=nr#. * Ry##o=4r *(+a(d ! on!"nud oupany of ! lo! 5y p!"!"onr. *u#, =n ! lo! =a# #old !o r#pondn! *an *, ! r"!# of !Ry##, ="! r#p! !o ! lo!, =r !ran#frrd !o !"r #u5ro,r#pondn! *an *, =o for a !"3 al#o *(+a(d ! #!ay of p!"!"onrun!"l # d"dd !o F! ! la!!r 5y #nd"n #4ral d3and#, !la#! 5"n ! January 1@, 1997 l!!r of d3and. '"n ! a!"on =a#Ild ="! ! %*C on 'p!35r 8, 1997, ! a!"on =a# "n#!"!u!d=ll ="!"n ! on 1 yar pr"od r>ond fro3 January 1@, 1997.n, ! na!ur of ! o3pla"n! "# on of unla=ful d!a"nr and !%an"la %*C ad Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! o3pla"n!. &EAC

*u#, an F!3n! o3pla"n! 5a#d on 6*(-*n >: *(+an/( of ! o=nr, l"> ! *an * o3pla"n!, "# a #p" of unla=ful d!a"nra##.A# arly a# 191, a# la= "n!rodud ! onp! of po####"on 5y!olran "n F!3n! a## a# follo=# &! "# !ru !a! ! landlord3"!, upon ! fa"lur of ! !nan! !o pay ! #!"pula!d rn!#,

on#"dr ! on!ra! 5ro>n and d3and "33d"a! po####"on of !rn!d propr!y, !u# on4r!"n a lal po####"on "n!o "llalpo####"on. +pon ! o!r and, o=4r, ! landlord 3"!onlud !o "4 ! !nan! rd"! for ! pay3n! of ! rn!# andallo= "3 !o on!"nu "ndIn"!ly "n ! po####"on of ! propr!y. &no!r =ord#, ! landlord 3"! oo# !o "4 ! !nan! rd"! fro33on! !o 3on! or fro3 yar !o yar for ! pay3n! of !"r rn!,rly"n upon "# on#!y of "# Inan"al a5"l"!y !o pay ! #a3. :ur"n#u pr"od ! !nan! =ould no! 5 "n "llal po####"on of !propr!y and ! landlord ould no! 3a"n!a"n an a!"on of d#au"oun!"l af!r ad !a>n #!p# !o on4r! ! lal po####"on "n!o"llal po####"on. A 3r fa"lur !o pay ! rn! "n aordan ="! !on!ra! =ould Fu#!"fy ! landlord, af!r ! lal no!", "n 5r"n"n an

a!"on of d#au"o. * landlord 3"!, o=4r, l! !o ron"O! on!ra! a# #!"ll "n for and #u for ! #u3# du undr "!. &! =ould#3 !o 5 lar !a! ! landlord 3"! #u for ! rn!# du and[unpa"d, ="!ou! l!"n !o !r3"na! ! on!ra! of !nany(][=]!r an dlar ! on!ra! of !nany 5ro>n and #u "n ana!"on d#au"o for ! po####"on of ! propr!y and "n a #para!a!"on# for ! rn!# du and da3a#, !. 14

* onp! of po####"on 5y !olran "n unla=ful d!a"nr a## =a#fur!r rInd and appl"d "n pr!"nn! a## #u53"!!d for d"#"on 5y1966. * rul =a# ar!"ula!d a# follo=# <r d#p"! ! l###fa"lur !o pay rn! af!r ! Ir#! d3and, ! l##or d"d no! oo# !o5r"n an a!"on "n our! 5u! #urd ! l## !o on!"nu oupy"n! land for narly !=o yar#, af!r =" ! l##or 3ad a #ondd3and, ! on-yar pr"od for 5r"n"n ! d!a"nr a# "n ! Fu#!" of ! pa our! #ould 5 oun!d no! fro3 ! day !l## rfu#d ! Ir#! d3and for pay3n! of rn! 5u! fro3 ! !"3! #ond d3and for rn!# and #urrndr of po####"on =a# no!o3pl"d ="!. 15

&n Calubayan & $ascual, a a# u#ually "!d "n #u5#Hun! d"#"on#on F!3n!, ! onp! of po####"on 5y !olran =a# fur!rlu"da!d a# follo=#










&n allo="n #4ral yar# !o pa## ="!ou! rHu"r"n ! oupan! !o4aa! ! pr3"## nor Il"n an a!"on !o F! "3, 6a-n-?'a( a/@0-(/(d * d()(ndan< 6*(-*n and 0( *) '(6+(9-(. I 'a >((n '(d 'a a 6(+*n '* *//06-( '(and *) an*'(+ a '( a(+< *(+an/( *+ 6(+9--*n,-'*0 an: /*n+a/ >(((n '(9, - n(/(a+-: >*0nd

>: an -96-(d 6+*9-( 'a '( - a/a( 06*n d(9and ,fa"l"n =" a #u33ary a!"on for F!3n! "# ! propr r3dyaa"n#! !3. * #!a!u# of ! dfndan! "# analoou# !o !a! of al## or !nan! =o# !r3 of la# a# p"rd 5u! =o#oupany on!"nud 5y !olran of ! o=nr. &n #u a a#, !unla=ful dpr"4a!"on or ="!old"n of po####"on "# !o 5 oun!dfro3 ! da! of ! d3and !o 4aa!. 1" E3pa#"##uppl"d.:a&*

ro3 ! foro"n Fur"#prudn, "! "# unHu"4oal !a! p!"!"onr#po####"on af!r # "n!rudd "n!o ! lo! af!r ! Ir / =a# 5y!olran or ln"ny of ! Ry## and n, ! a!"on "# proprlyan unla=ful d!a"nr a# fall"n undr ! Fur"#d"!"on of ! %an"la

%*C.

E4n "f = ond !a! "! "# ! R*C and no! ! %*C !a! a# Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! *an * o3pla"n!, follo="n ! ra#on"n !a!n"!r r#pondn! nor r prd##or-"n-"n!r#! Ild an F!3n!#u"! ="!"n on 1 yar fro3 5ruary 21, 199@ =n ! Ry##>n= of ! unla=ful n!ry of p!"!"onr, and n, ! o3pla"n! "#!ran#for3d "n!o an accion publiciana, ! Cour! d3# "! fa"r and Fu#!!o #u#pnd "!# rul# "n ordr !o rndr "n!, !"4, andpd"!"ou# Fu#!" on#"dr"n ! n"n 9 yar pndny of !F!3n! #u"!. %or "3por!an!ly, "f !r =a# unr!a"n!y on ! "##uof Fur"#d"!"on !a! aro# fro3 ! a4r3n!# of ! o3pla"n!, !#a3 anno! 5 a!!r"5u!d !o r#pondn! *an * 5u! !o r oun#l =oould a4 5n onfu#d a# !o ! a!ual na!ur of ! F!3n! #u"!. * la=yr# apparn! "3pr"# lanua u#d "n ! prpara!"on of ! o3pla"n! ="!ou! any par!""pa!"on on ! par! of *an * "##u"n! #p"al or o3pll"n ra#on for ! ran! of rl"f.

* a# of !arnes & $adilla 1# lu"da!# ! ra!"onal 5"nd !r"# 5y !"# Cour! of ! po=r !o rla, or 4n #u#pnd, !appl"a!"on of ! rul# of produrL! "! 5 3pa#"Od !a! ! rul# of produr #ould 5 4"=da# 3r !ool# d#"nd !o fa"l"!a! ! a!!a"n3n! of Fu#!". *"r#!r"! and r""d appl"a!"on, =" =ould r#ul! "n !n"al"!"# !a!!nd !o fru#!ra! ra!r !an pro3o! #u5#!an!"al Fu#!", 3u#!

al=ay# 5 #=d. E4n ! Rul# of Cour! r! !"# pr"n"pl. * po=r !o #u#pnd or 4n d"#rard rul# an 5 #o pr4a#"4and o3pll"n a# !o al!r 4n !a! =" !"# Cour! "!#lf a#alrady dlard !o 5 Inal . . . .

* 3r"n !rnd "n ! rul"n# of !"# Cour! "# !o aord 4ry

par!y l"!"an! ! a3pl#! oppor!un"!y for ! propr and Fu#!d!r3"na!"on of "# au#, fr fro3 ! on#!ra"n!# of !n"al"!"#. *"3 and aa"n, !"# Cour! a# on#"#!n!ly ld !a!rul# 3u#! no! 5 appl"d r""dly #o a# no! !o o4rr"d #u5#!an!"al Fu#!". 1$

%oro4r, '!"on 8, Rul @0 au!or"O# ! R*C / "n a# of ar3an of an ordr of ! 3un""pal !r"al our! d"#3"##"n a a#="!ou! !r"al on ! 3r"!# and ! round of d"#3"##al "# la> of Fur"#d"!"on o4r ! #u5F! 3a!!r / !o !ry ! a# on ! 3r"!# a#"f ! a# =a# or""nally Ild ="! "! "f ! R*C a# Fur"#d"!"on o4r !a#. &n ! #a3 4"n, !"# Cour!, "n ! r"# of "!# rul-3a>"npo=r, an #u#pnd "!# rul# ="! r#p! !o !"# par!"ular a# 7pro

hac &ice8, 4n "f "n"!"ally, ! %*C d"d no! a4 Fur"#d"!"on o4r !F!3n! #u"!, and d"d !o a##u3 Fur"#d"!"on o4r "! "n ordr !opro3p!ly r#ol4 ! d"#pu!. E'*C

* "##u of Fur"#d"!"on #!!ld, = no= #ru!"n"O ! 3a"n "##u.

A! ! ar! of 4ry F!3n! #u"! "# ! "##u of =o "# n!"!ld !opy#"al po####"on of ! lo! or po####"on de )acto.

< rul "n fa4or of r#pondn! *an * for ! follo="n ra#on#1. )!"!"onr ad3"!!d "n r An#=r !a! # =a# a rn!-pay"n !nan!of ! Ry##, prd##or#-"n-"n!r#! of r#pondn! *an *. A# #u,# ron"Od ! o=nr#"p of ! lo! 5y r#pondn!, =" "nlud#! r"! of po####"on.2. Af!r ! Ir rad o4r ! #!ru!ur# on ! #u5F! lo! "n la!1989 ! on!ra!# of la# p"rd, a# a r#ul! of =" L"no Ry#d3andd !a! all oupan!#, "nlud"n p!"!"onr, 4aa! ! lo! 5u!! la!!r rfu#d !o a5andon ! pr3"##. :ur"n ! dura!"on of !la#, p!"!"onr# po####"on =a# lal 5u! "! 5a3 unla=ful af!r! Ir =n ! la# on!ra!# =r d3d !r3"na!d andd3and# =r 3ad for ! !nan!# !o r!urn po####"on of ! lo!.. )!"!"onr# po####"on "# on 5y ! Ry## !olran andnro#"!y and la!r 5y r#pondn! *an *#.










)!"!"onr fully >no=# !a! r #!ay "n ! #u5F! lo! "# a! ! ln"nyand 3anan"3"!y of %r. L"no Ry# and la!r of r#pondn! *an *( andr aHu"#n !o #u u# of ! lo! arr"# ="! "! an "3pl""! anda##u3d o33"!3n! !a! # =ould la4 ! pr3"## ! 3o3n!"! "# ndd 5y ! o=nr. <n r#pondn! *an * 3ad a la#!, =r"!!nd3and on January 1@, 1997 and p!"!"onr 5rad r pro3"# !o

la4 upon d3and, # lo#! r r"! !o ! py#"al po####"on of !lo!. *u#, r#pondn! *an * #ould no= 5 allo=d !o oupy r lo!for r#"dn!"al purpo##, a dra3 !a! ="ll Inally 5 ral"Od af!r n"n9 yar# of l"!"a!"on.

)!"!"onr ra"## ! an"llary "##u !a! on %ar 1, 1998, ! %an"laC"!y Coun"l pa##d and appro4d $rd"nan No. 791:aEC&

[a]u!or"O"n ! %an"la C"!y %ayor !o aHu"r "!r 5y no!"a!"onor propr"a!"on r!a"n parl# of land o4rd 5y *ran#frCr!"Ia!# of *"!l No#. 227, 17106 and 1@0@71, on!a"n"nan ara of $n *ou#and our undrd *=n!y "4 1,@2 #Huar3!r#, loa!d a! %ar"a Clara and Go4rnor or5# '!r!#, '!a.

CruO, %an"la, for lo= o#! ou#"n and a=ard !o a!ual 5onaIdr#"dn!# !ra! and fur!r au!or"O"n ! C"!y %ayor !o a4a"l for!a! purpo# any a4a"la5l fund# of ! "!y and o!r "#!"nfund"n fa"l"!"# fro3 o!r o4rn3n! an"# . . . . 1%

&! rad"ly appar# !a! !"# "##u =a# no! pr#n!d 5for ! Cour! of Appal# "n CA-G.R. ') No. @9097 d#p"! ! fa! !a! ! r#pondn!#p!"!"on =a# Ild on 'p!35r 2, 1998, #" 3on!# af!r !ord"nan =a# pa##d. *u#, !"# "##u "# pro#r"5d a# ar all "##u#ra"#d for ! Ir#! !"3 5for ! Cour! ar pro#r"5d.

E4n ran!"n for ! #a> of aru3n! !a! = n!r!a"n ! "##u, =rul !a! ! "n!ndd propr"a!"on of r#pondn!# lo! *C* No.227 5y ! "!y o4rn3n! of %an"la ="ll no! a! ! r#olu!"onof !"# p!"!"on. or on !"n, ! "##u an 5 ra"#d 5y p!"!"onr "n! appropr"a! lal prod"n. 'ondly, ! "n!ndd propr"a!"on3"! no! 4n 5 "3pl3n!d #"n "! "# lar fro3 ! ord"nan!a! ! C"!y %ayor ="ll #!"ll loa! a4a"la5l fund# for proF!, 3an"n! #a"d pn# "# no! a rular "!3 "n ! 5ud!.

<ERE$RE, !"# p!"!"on "# :EN&E: for la> of 3r"!. * Apr"l 0,1999 :"#"on of ! Cour! of Appal# r"n#!a!"n ! Apr"l , 1998%*C :"#"on "n C"4"l Ca# No. 1670-C and ! July 16, 1999R#olu!"on "n CA-G.R. ') No. @9097 ar r5y A&R%E: &N *$*$.

No o#!#.'$ $R:ERE:.<uisumbing, Carpio, Carpio Morales and *inga, JJ, onur.






*&R: :&&'&$N

[G.R. No. 11682. %ar 26, 1998.]

SAN LOREN;O VILLAGE ASSOCIATION,INC., petitioner , vs. COURT OF APPEALS H*n.

=0d( ROBERTO C. DIONO, P+(-d-n =0d(,

RTC, Maa-, B+an/' "2 and ALMEDA

DEVELOPMENT EUIPMENT

CORPORATION, respondents.

Go, Co.uangco, Mendo#a I Ligon )or petitioner

'inson 2alde# I Associates )or pri&ate respondent

SNOPSIS

)r"4a! r#pondn! Al3da :4lop3n! and EHu"p3n! Corpora!"onA:EC Ild a o3pla"n! 5for ! lo=r our! aa"n#! 'an LornOo"lla A##o"a!"on &n. 'LA& and 'an LornOo Co3pany, &n. A:ECprayd for ! "##uan of a !3porary r#!ra"n"n ordr d"r!"n !'an LornOo Co3pany, &n. !o a# and d#"#! fro3 3a>"n !p!"!"onr a 335r of ! 'an LornOo "lla A##o"a!"on &n. andpro"5"!"n ! p!"!"onr fro3 on#!ru!"n a !allr 5u"ld"n on "!# lo!and ! 'an LornOo "lla A##o"a!"on &n. fro3 oll!"n335r#"p f and 3on!ly du# and o!r a####3n!#. )r"4a!r#pondn! 'LA& Ild a 3o!"on !o d"#3"## on round# of la> of au#of a!"on and la> of A:EC' la> of pr#onal"!y !o #u. * lo=r our!

dn"d ! 3o!"on !o d"#3"##. &! ld !a! A:EC a# ! apa"!y !o #u5a#"n "!# la"3# on a :d of 'al da!d 'p!35r 11, 1990 and a##u##or "n "n!r#! of ! or""nal r"#!rd o=nr A:EC #!ppd"n!o ! #o# of ! la!!r. 'LA& Hu#!"ond ! lo=r our!# ordr5for ! Cour! of Appal# !rou a p!"!"on for certiorari. *applla! our! dn"d ! p!"!"on. &n !"# p!"!"on, p!"!"onr#on!n!"on 5o"l# do=n !o ! #ol "##u of =!r or no! ! p!"!"on5for ! Cour! of Appal# all# a au# of a!"on aa"n#! p!"!"onr!a! ! lo=r our! 3ay 5 d3d !o a4 orr!ly dn"d !3o!"on !o d"#3"## ! #a3 p!"!"on. &*Aa:

* 'upr3 Cour! ar3d ! d"#"on of ! Cour! of Appal#. *Cour! ld !a! ="l a 3o!"on !o d"#3"## on ! round of fa"lur !o#!a! a au# of a!"on "n ! o3pla"n! ypo!!"ally ad3"!# ! !ru!of ! fa!# alld !r"n. 'a"d rul "# no! appl"a5l !o ! a# a!5ar. * o3pla"n! a##r!# !a! A:EC pura#d ! propr!y "nHu#!"on fro3 ! pr#on ad3"!!dly old"n !"!l !r!o. &! !n "nfr#!a! 5y #a"d 3od, "! 5a3 ! #u##or-"n-"n!r#! of ! 4ndor, "f no! "ndd ! o=nr of ! propr!y. n, ! r#!r"!"on# "n ! !"!l#ould 5 null"Id no! only 5au# "! "# on!rary !o la= 5u! al#o5au# ! ond"!"on# undr =" !y =r "3po#d ad a#d !o"#!. * a4r3n!# "n ! o3pla"n! l"> ! !"!l of A:EC' 4ndor,! u!"on of ! #al 5y #a"d 4ndor !o A:EC, ! la!!r# #!a!u# a#! 4ndor# #u##or-"n-"n!r#!, and ! al!rd py#"aln4"ron3n! alon )a#ay Road, ar alla!"on# =ll ="!"n !ypo!!"al-ad3"##"on pr"n"pl. *# a4r3n!# #a!"#fy ! !rl3n!# of a au# of a!"on. 'LA& !rfor anno! "n4o> !round !a! ! o3pla"n! ;fa"l# !o #!a! a au# of a!"on; "n "!# 3o!"on

!o d"#3"##.

SLLABUS

1. RE%E:&AL LA<( C&&L )R$CE:+RE( %$*&$N *$ :&'%&''( A' A R+LE,A %$*&$N *$ :&'%&'' $N *E GR$+N: $ A&L+RE *$ '*A*E ACA+'E $ AC*&$N &N *E C$%)LA&N* D)$*E*&CALLD A:%&*' *E *R+* $ *E AC*' ALLEGE: *ERE&N( 'A&: A:%&''&$N &' L&%&*E:$NLD *$ %A*ER&AL AN: RELEAN* AC*' <ELL )LEA:E: &N *EC$%)LA&N*. / A 3o!"on !o d"#3"## on ! round of fa"lur !o #!a! aau# of a!"on "n ! o3pla"n! ypo!!"ally ad3"!# ! !ru! of !fa!# alld !r"n. o=4r, ! ypo!!"al ad3"##"on "# l"3"!d !o

! ;rl4an! and 3a!r"al fa!# =ll pladd "n ! o3pla"n! and"nfrn# fa"rly ddu!"5l !rfro3. * ad3"##"on do# no! !nd!o onlu#"on# or "n!rpr!a!"on# of la=( nor do# "! o4r alla!"on# of fa! ! fal#"!y of =" "# #u5F! !o Fud""al no!".; A# !"# Cour! ld"n "e "ios & !ristol Laboratories 7$hils8, +nc. . . . or ! purpo#, !3o!"on !o d"#3"## 3u#! ypo!!"ally ad3"! ! !ru! of ! fa!#alld "n ! o3pla"n!. * ad3"##"on, o=4r, "# l"3"!d only !o all3a!r"al and rl4an! fa!# =" ar =ll pladd "n ! o3pla"n!. *u#, "! a# 5n ruld !a! a d3urrr do# no! ad3"! ! !ru! of 3r p"!r# ar"n fraud( nor alla!"on# of lal onlu#"on#( noran rronou# #!a!3n! of la=. * ad3"##"on of ! !ru! of 3a!r"al



and rl4an! fa!# =ll pladd do# no! !nd !o rndr a d3urrran ad3"##"on of "nfrn# or onlu#"on# dra=n !rfro3, 4n "f alld "n ! plad"n( nor 3r "nfrn# or onlu#"on# fro3 fa!#no! #!a!d( nor onlu#"on# of la=( nor 3a!!r# of 4"dn( nor#urplu#a and "rrl4an!. . . .; o=4r, "! #ould 5 po"n!d ou! a!! ou!#! !a! "! "# no! ;la> or a5#n of au# of a!"on; !a! "# a

round for d"#3"##al of ! o3pla"n!, 5u! ra!r, !a! ;! o3pla"n!#!a!# no au# of a!"on.; "e "ios d"d "ndd old !a! a 3o4an! !od"#3"## on ! round of )ailure o) the complaint to state a cause o)

action "# 5urdnd ="! ! "3pl"d ad3"##"on of ! !ru! of ;all3a!r"al and rl4an! fa!# =" ar =ll pladd "n ! o3pla"n!,;5u! no! of ;3r p"!r# ar"n fraud,; or lal onlu#"on#, or 3r"nfrn#, or 3a!!r# of 4"dn. 'a"d a# a4 a3pl# of alla!"on# no! ="!"n ! ypo!!"al ad3"##"on rul, !o ="!;3al""ou# and unFu#!"Id; "n#!"!u!"on of an a!"on a!"n 3al""ou#lyand for ! purpo# of pol"!"al pr#u!"on and 4nan, ="! "n!n!of "ru34n!"n a on#!"!u!"onal pro4"#"on( u#urp"n ! $ of 'na!or of ! )"l"pp"n#( !a! ! 3a#!r ad 5rad ! on!ra!,

or d"#ard an 3ploy "n a =ronful, "llal, unla=ful, unFu#!3annr, !. A'Ea:

2. &:.( &:.( &:.( &:.( R+LE N$* A))L&CABLE &N CA'E A* BAR( *EC$%)LA&N* 'A*&'&E' *E *REE ELE%EN*' $ A CA+'E $AC*&$N. / * rul"n "n "e "ios, do# no! apply !o ! a# a! 5ar. &n! "n#!an! a#, ! o3pla"n! a##r!# !a! pla"n!" pura#d !propr!y "n Hu#!"on fro3 ! pr#on ad3"!!dly old"n !"!l !r!o. &!!n "nfr# !a! 5y !"# 3od, "! 5a3 ! #u##or-"n-"n!r#! of ! 4ndor, "f no! "ndd ! o=nr of ! propr!y. n, !

r#!r"!"on# "n ! !"!l #ould 5 null"Id no! only 5au# "! "#on!rary !o la= 5u! al#o 5au# ! ond"!"on# undr =" !y =r"3po#d ad a#d !o "#!. &n fa!, ! a4r3n!# "n ! o3pla"n!l"> ! !"!l of A:EC# 4ndor, ! u!"on of ! #al 5y #a"d 4ndor!o A:EC, ! la!!r# #!a!u# a# ! 4ndor# #u##or-"n-"n!r#!, and! al!rd py#"al n4"ron3n! alon )a#ay Road, ar alla!"on#=ll ="!"n ! ypo!!"al-ad3"##"on pr"n"pl. *# a4r3n!##a!"#fy ! !r l3n!# of a au# of a!"on. &n o!r =ord#, !o3pla"n! d"d #!a! a au# of a!"on. &n 4"= of #u, 'LA& anno!#u##fully "n4o> ! round !a! ! o3pla"n! ;fa"l# !o #!a! aau# of a!"on; "n "!# 3o!"on !o d"#3"##.

D E C I S I O N

ROMERO, J p

*"# p!"!"on for r4"= on r!"orar" a##a"l# ! d"#"on 1 of ! Cour!

of Appal# dny"n ! p!"!"on for r!"orar" Ild 5y ! 'an LornOo"lla A##o"a!"on, &n. =" #ou! ! r4r#al of ! ordr# da!d%ar 1 and $!o5r 1, 1992, of ! R"onal *r"al Cour! of %a>a!",Bran 62. 2 * lo=r our! ad dn"d ! 3o!"on !o d"#3"## !p!"!"on for anlla!"on of ! r#!r"!"on# anno!a!d "n *ran#frCr!"Ia! of *"!l No. @7@8 of ! R"#!ry of :d# of %a>a!", %!ro%an"la. LLFur

)!"!"onr 'an LornOo "lla A##o"a!"on, &n. 'LA& and 'an LornOoCo3pany, &n. =r ! r#pondn!# "n ! afor#a"d p!"!"on Ild on:35r 1, 1991 5for ! lo=r our! 5y pr"4a! r#pondn!Al3da :4lop3n! and EHu"p3n! Corpora!"on A:EC. or lar"!y,! pr!"nn! por!"on# of !a! p!"!"on "n C"4"l Ca# No. 91-@0 arr5y Huo!d a# follo=#

;. * p!"!"onr "# ! o=nr of !a! parl of land ="!5u"ld"n and o!r "3pro43n!# #"!ua!d a! )a#ay Road, 'anLornOo "lla, %a>a!", %!ro %an"la, 35rad "n *ran#frCr!"Ia! of *"!l No. @7@8 of ! R"#!ry of :d# of %a>a!", %!ro %an"la, 3or par!"ularly d#r"5d a# follo=#

* p!"!"onr# o=nr#"p !r!o "# 4"dnd 5y ! :d of 'al u!d 5y )on"ano L. Al3da, 3arr"d !o Euf3"a)rO-Al3da, and ! p!"!"onr on 'p!35r 1, 1991,n!rd a# :o. No. 218( )a No. @( Boo> No. &&&( 'r"# of 1991, 4"dnd 5y "!# opy r!o a!!ad a# Ann A.

@. A# ! o=nr of ! #a"d parl of land !o!r ="! !5u"ld"n and o!r "3pro43n!# !ron, ! p!"!"onr a#! r"! !o nFoy and d"#po# of #a"d propr!y ="!ou!







l"3"!a!"on p! !o# #!a5l"#d 5y la= Ar!. @28, C"4"lCod.

. &n *ran#fr Cr!"Ia! of *"!l No. @7@@8 #", !r appar#En!ry No. 999, rad"n "n par! a# follo=#

* o=nr of !"# lo! or "# #u##or "n "n!r#! "# rHu"rd !o5 and "# au!o3a!"ally a 335r of ! 'an LornOo "llaA##o"a!"on. * lo! 3ay no! 5 #u5d"4"dd. * lo! #all only5 u#d for r#"dn!"al purpo##. $nly on #"nl #!ory or ondupl ou# 3ay 5 on#!ru!d on a #"nl lo!, al!ou#para! #r4an!# Huar!r or ara 3ay 5 5u"l!. *propr!y "# #u5F! !o an a#3n! of !=o 3!r# ="!"n ! lo!and adFan! !o ! rar and #"d# !rof no! fron!"n a #!r!for ! purpo# of dra"na, #=a, =a!r and o!r pu5l"fa"l"!"# a# 3ay 5 n##ary and d#"ra5l.

All 5u"ld"n# on ! lo! 3u#! 5 of #!ron 3a!r"al#. Bu"ld"n#all no! 5 "r !an 3!r# a5o4 ! round d"r!ly5na! ! po"n! "n Hu#!"on. All 5u"ld"n plan# 3u#! 5appro4d 5y ! A##o"a!"on 5for on#!ru!"on 5"n#. All5u"ld"n# "nlud"n ara, #r4an!# Huar!r por! or#3u#! 5 on#!ru!d . . . no! l## !an 3!r# fro3 5oundary5ordr"n a =all, no! "nlud"n pd#!r"an pa!#, and no! l##!an 2 3!r# fro3 ! o!r 5oundar"# of !"# lo!. '=a

d"#po#al 3u#! 5 5y 3an# of #p!" !an> or "n!o a #=a#y#!3.

<all# on ! pr"3!r of !"# propr!y #all no! d 23!r# "n "!, p! !a! no r#!r"!"on a# !o "! appl"#!o =all# 3ad of l"4 4!a!"on.;

E4"dnd 5y *C* No. @7@8 and En!ry No. 999%3orandu3 of Enu35ran# !rof 3ar>d a# Ann#B and B-1, r#p!"4ly.

6. * ond"!"on pr4a"l"n alon )a#ay Road 'an LornOo"lla on July 10, 198, ! da! =n ! r#!r"!"on# =r"3po#d 5y ! 'an LornOo Co3pany, &n. !o lo! and ou#o=nr# "n 'an LornOo "lla and on July 11, 198, =n !:d of R#!r"!"on# =a# anno!a!d on *C* No. 601@M*-77! r!"Ia! of !"!l fro3 =r *C* No. @7@@8 or""na!d, "#no lonr ! #a3 o3pard !oday. A! !a! !"3, ou##loa!d alon )a#ay Road 'an LornOo "lla =r u#dpurly for r#"dn!"al purpo##. *oday, =a! ar found alon)a#ay Road 'an LornOo "lla ar o33r"alM"ndu#!r"al5u"ld"n# #u a# ! 3a!!r of #ur"!y and ara #"oll!"on# ar !a>n ar of 5y !"r 5uyr#. Aord"nly, !

'an LornOo "lla A##o"a!"on, &n. "# no lonr rl4an! "n #ofar a# ! 5u"ld"n and lo! o=nr# alon )a#ay Road 'anLornOo "lla ar onrnd.

7. * afor3n!"ond anno!a!"on "n *C* No. @7@8 "n #" anunla=ful l"3"!a!"on !o ! r"!# of ! p!"!"onr pro!!d 5y! Con#!"!u!"on and pr#r"5d "n Ar!. @28 of ! C"4"l Cod.

7.1 * p!"!"onr do# no! "n!nd !o 5 a 335r of ! 'anLornOo "lla A##o"a!"on, &n.

7.2 * p!"!"onr a# "!# o=n #ur"!y uard# and ar5a!ru>#.

7. * p!"!"onr an !"4ly pro!! "!# o=nr#"p andpo####"on ="!ou! ! a##"#!an and "n!r4n!"on of ! 'anLornOo "lla A##o"a!"on, &n.

7.@ * p!"!"onr "n!nd# !o on#!ru! a !allr 5u"ld"n on !lo!.



8. <"l "n '. 0, )r#"dn!"al :r No. 97, "! "# pro4"dd!a! /

'EC. 0. rgani#ation o) ?omeo9ners Association. / *o=nr or d4lopr of a #u5d"4"#"on proF! or ondo3"n"u3proF! #all "n"!"a! ! oran"Oa!"on of a o3o=nr#a##o"a!"on a3on ! 5uyr# and r#"dn!# of ! proF!# for! purpo# of pro3o!"n and pro!!"n !"r 3u!ual "n!r#!and a##"#! "n !"r o33un"!y d4lop3n!.;

!r "# no la= o3pll"n lo! and ou# 5uyr# !o 5 a335r of ! 'an LornOo Co3pany, &n. and r#!r"!"n !p!"!"onr !o on#!ru! a !allr 5u"ld"n on "!# lo!.

9. A# #!a!d a5o4, !r "# o3pll"n ra#on for !anlla!"on of ! r#!r"!"on# "3po#d a! ! 5a> of *C* No.@7@8.

10. &f !r "# no 4#!d r"! "n "#!"n la= =" an 5rpald or Fud""al "n!rpr!a!"on =" an 5 and, !r"# no ra#on =y a :d of R#!r"!"on# anno!a!d "n a

r!"Ia! of !"!l anno! 5 anlld.

11. *o anl ! afor3n!"ond anno!a!"on "n *C* No. @7@8and !o nfor "!# r"!, ! p!"!"onr =a# o3plld !ona ! #r4"# of a la=yr for a f and !o "n#!"!u! !"#a!"on "nurr"n and ="ll "nur l"!"a!"on pn##.; 3

A:EC prayd for ! "##uan of a !3porary r#!ra"n"n ordrd"r!"n ! 'an LornOo Co3pany, &n. and "!# an!# ;!o a# andd#"#! fro3 3a>"n ! p!"!"onr a 335r of ! 'an LornOo "llaA##o"a!"on, &n. and pro"5"!"n ! p!"!"onr fro3 on#!ru!"n a!allr 5u"ld"n on "!# lo! and ! 'an LornOo "lla A##o"a!"on, &n.fro3 oll!"n 335r#"p f and 3on!ly du# and o!r

a####3n!#.; &! l">="# prayd !a! ! R"#!r of :d# of %a>a!"5 ordrd !o anl En!ry No. 999 "n *C* No. @7@8 and !a!r#pondn!# pay a!ual da3a# of )0,000.00, a!!orny# f# of )0,000.00 plu# )00 allo=an pr a!!ndan "n our! ar"n# and! o#!# of #u"!.

*r"n pr"4a! r#pondn! 'LA& Ild a 3o!"on !o d"#3"## ! p!"!"onon ! round# of la> of au# of a!"on and la> of A:EC#pr#onal"!y !o #u. &! alld !a! A:EC =a# no! a r"#!rd o=nr of ! parl of land o4rd 5y *C* No. @7@8, !a! ! #al of !

propr!y 5y )on"ano L. Al3da !o A:EC ould no! 5"nd !"rd par!"#(!a! A:EC ad no ra#on !o pray for ! anlla!"on of En!ry No.999 no! 5"n ! o=nr of ! land nor a 335r of 'LA& 5u!#"3ply a #!ranr !a! ad no d3anda5l r"! aa"n#! ! 'LA&. 4

A:EC oppo#d ! 3o!"on !o d"#3"## on!nd"n !a! "! ad a au# of a!"on aa"n#! 'LA& 5au# a# ! n= o=nr of ! lo! "n4ol4d, "!anno! 5 o3plld !o 5o3 a 335r of ! 'LA& for !o do #o=ould unduly l"3"! "!# u# of ! propr!y. C"!"n $hilippine 'uburban

"e&elopment Corporation & . Auditor General, 5 "! a##r!d !a! "! ad! apa"!y and pr#onal"!y !o #u 5au# a!ual no!" of ! #al=a# Hu"4aln! !o r"#!ra!"on. "

$n %ar 1, 1992, ! lo=r our! "##ud an $rdr dny"n !3o!"on !o d"#3"##, old"n a# follo=#

;*"# Cour! ar# ="! ! pla"n!" !a! "! a# ! apa"!y andlal pr#onal"!y !o Il !"# a#. )la"n!" a# #o=n "!# "n!r#!"n ! #u5F! propr!y, 5a#"n "!# la"3# on a :d of 'alda!d 'p!35r 11, 1990. A# #u##or "n "n!r#! of !














or""nal r"#!rd o=nr, pla"n!" #!p #" "n!o ! #o# of ! la!!r, on#Hun!ly "! an #u and 5 #ud.;

'LA& Ild a 3o!"on for ! ron#"dra!"on of !a! $rdr # all"n!a! !"rd pr#on# =r no! 5ound 5y ! dd of #al of ! propr!yn!rd "n!o 5!=n A:EC and )on"ano Al3da, a# #a"d dd of #al=a# no! r"#!rd. A# #u, A:EC ad no au# of a!"on aa"n#! "!.ur!r3or, Al3da, no! a4"n pa"d ! a##o"a!"on du# andar5a f#, =a# #ud 5for ! R"onal *r"al Cour! of )a#",Bran 11, =r ! #a3 dd of #al =a# pr#n!d !o pr4n!! #duld au!"on #al !rou a !"rd-par!y la"3. &n Hua#"n !!"rd-par!y la"3, !n Jud Eu!rop"o %"r"Uo ruld !a! ! !"!l !o !propr!y 5"n #!"ll "n ! na3 of dfndan! Al3da, =a!4r!ran#a!"on ad n!rd "n!o =ould no! 5 5"nd"n upon !pla"n!". drp

&n "!# oppo#"!"on !o ! 3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on( A:EC on!ndd!a! #a"d 3o!"on =a# pro )orma a# "! 3rly r"!ra!d ! aru3n!#"n ! 3o!"on !o d"#3"##. C"!"n Ar!"l 709 of ! C"4"l Cod ="#!a!# !a! ;! !"!l# of o=nr#"p, or o!r r"!# o4r "33o4a5lpropr!y, =" ar no! duly "n#r"5d or anno!a!d "n ! R"#!ry of )ropr!y #all no! prFud" !"rd pr#on#,; A:EC a4rrd !a! ="!"n! on!! of !a! la=, ! 'LA& =a# no! a ;!"rd pr#on; 5au# "!;3rly au#d ! anno!a!"on on ! !"!l of a propr!y of r!a"nr#!ra"n!# or "3po#"!"on# on ! r"# of o=nr#"p 5y ! r"#!rdo=nr.; &! addd !a! 'LA& ad no "n!r#! "n ! propr!y "n Hu#!"on

;p! !o o3pl ! o=nr !rof !o 5 au!o3a!"ally a 335r of ! 'an LornOo "lla A##o"a!"on and !o pay ! on#Hun!"al du#or f# and o!r pn## !rfor.; A# #u, 'LA& and 'an LornOo"lla Co3pany, &n., =r "nludd "n ! a# ;only a# par!"# =oad au#d ! anno!a!"on or "n#r"p!"on of ! n!ry "n Hu#!"on ="l"3"!# or r#!r"!# ! r"# of o=nr#"p o4r ! afor#a"d land,and =o 3ay 5 a!d !r5y, d"r!ly or "nd"r!ly, 5y "!#anlla!"on, "n ! #a3 3annr !a! ! R"#!r of :d# of %a>a!"a# al#o 5n "3pladd a# ! pu5l" o"al =o "# ard ="! !

du!y of r"#!r"n or anl"n ! #u5F! anno!a!"on or"n#r"p!"on.; $

&n "!# rply !o ! oppo#"!"on, 'LA& oun!rd !a! ! 3o!"on forron#"dra!"on =a# no! pro )orma a# ! lo=r our! fa"ld !o on#"dr! pro4"#"on# of Ar!"l 709 of ! C"4"l Cod and '!"on 0 of !Land R"#!ra!"on A!. &! alld !a! ! !r3 ;!"rd pr#on#; "n Ar!"l709 =a# 5road nou !o o4r ;4ry5ody; =o d"d no! par!""pa! "n! d"#pu!d a!, on!ra! or dd. &! a##r!d !a!, ="l "! ad a l"no4r unpa"d a##o"a!"on du# and ar5a f#, A:EC =a# no! ! ralpar!y "n "n!r#! "n ! #u"! for anlla!"on of r#!r"!"on# on ! !"!l!a! =a# #!"ll "n ! na3 of Al3da and !rfor ! a# #oulda4 5n d"#3"##d ou!r"! for la> of au# of a!"on. %oro4r,="l A:EC la"3d !o 5 ! o=nr of ! propr!y, "! ad no!pla"nd =y "! ad no! r"#!rd ! dd of #al and #urd a#para! !"!l !o ! propr!y. %

$n $!o5r 1, 1992, ! lo=r our! "##ud ! $rdr dny"n !3o!"on for ron#"dra!"on a# follo=#.

;Ar!"l 709 of ! N= C"4"l Cod . . . a# ! 5a#"# of !"#%o!"on for Ron#"dra!"on Ind# no appl"a!"on "n !"# a#. A#orr!ly po"n!d ou! 5y p!"!"onr ! !"rd pr#on#3n!"ond "n Ar!"l 709, ar !o# pr#on# =o 3ay a4ad4r# "n!r#!# "n ! propr!y "!#lf "!r "n ! onp! of an o=nr, or a 4nd or a 3or!a, or o!r="#, 5u!dIn"!ly no! !a! of on =o a# 3rly au#d !anno!a!"on on ! !"!l of ! propr!y of r!a"n r#!ra"n!# or"3po#"!"on# on ! r"# of o=nr#"p 5y ! r"#!rdo=nr. %oro4r, =n r#pondn! 'an LornOo "llaA##o"a!"on, &n. on4y #" ! propr!y !o )on"ano Al3da,! or""nal o=nr, ! la!!r a# all ! r"!# a# an o=nr,"nlud"n ! r"! !o #ll, =" d"d "n fa4or of !p!"!"onr.










A# #u##or "n "n!r#!, p!"!"onr an 4al"dly r"# !r"! !o #u =" ! or""nal o=nr ould la=fully do for !pro!!"on of ! r"! a# an a!!r"5u! of o=nr#"p.; 1&

'LA& Hu#!"ond ! lo=r our!# $rdr# 5for ! Cour! of Appal#!rou a p!"!"on for r!"orar" ="! prayr for ! "##uan of a!3porary r#!ra"n"n ordr. &! pr#n!d 5for #a"d applla! our!! "##u of =!r or no! ! p!"!"on Ild 5lo= 5y A:EC #!a!d aau# of a!"on or !a! A:EC =a# ! ral par!y "n "n!r#!. 11

$n Jun 22, 199@, ! Cour! of Appal# pro3ula!d a :"#"ondny"n ! p!"!"on for r!"orar". * Cour! of Appal# no!d !a! !p!"!"on #ou! !o ;d"#rd"! ! 3a!r"al alla!"on of A:EC !a! "! "#! o=nr of ! propr!y o4rd 5y ! #u5F! !ran#fr r!"Ia! of !"!l. &! a##r!# !a! #u alla!"on "# 3rly a onlu#"on or "nfrnof A:EC and do# no! ran! !o ! la!!r ! pr#onal"!y !o #u !p!"!"onr nor do# #u 5o3 ! #our of ! r"! !o "n#!"!u!prod"n# "n ! our! 5lo=.; &! ld !a!

;< r#ol4 !o dny ! p!"!"on, r"!ra!"n ! rul"n 3ad 5y! 'upr3 Cour! "n Galeon &ersus Galeon, @5 'CRA B4,B3D

&! "# =ll #!!ld !a! "n a 3o!"on !o d"#3"## a o3pla"n! 5a#don la> of au# of a!"on, ;! Hu#!"on #u53"!!d !o ! our!for d!r3"na!"on "# ! #u"ny of ! alla!"on# of fa!

3ad "n ! o3pla"n! !o on#!"!u! a au# of a!"on, and no!=!r !# alla!"on# of fa! ar !ru, for #a"d 3o!"on 3u#!ypo!!"ally ad3"! ! !ru! of ! fa!# alld "n !o3pla"n!( . . .; * !#! of ! #u"ny of ! fa!# "#=!r or no!, ap!"n ! 4ra"!y of ! fa!# alld, !our! ould rndr a 4al"d Fud3n! upon ! #a3 "naordan ="! ! prayr of ! o3pla"n!.

A# #u, ! alla!"on of A:EC !a! "! "# ! o=nr of !propr!y on ! #!rn! of ! dd of #al #ould 5 d3dypo!!"ally ad3"!!d, "4"n "! apa"!y !o Il !prod"n# 5lo=. * !r"al our! =a# orr! "n #ay"n !a![p]la"n!" a# #o=n "!# "n!r#! "n ! #u5F! propr!y,. . . A##u##or "n "n!r#! of ! r"#!rd o=nr, pla"n!" #!p #"

"n!o ! #o# of ! la!!r, on#Hun!ly, "! an #u and 5#ud. $rdr, %ar 1, 1992( Rollo, pa 6.

* aru3n!# ad4and 5y p!"!"onr a# !o =!r or no!A:EC 4al"dly aHu"rd !"!l !o ! propr!y "# on =" "# a3a!!r 3or 5y =ay of dfn# and =" 3ay 5 proprly!r#d ou! dur"n ! !r"al. <a! ! 'upr3 Cour! l">="##pou#d "n ! Galeon case, page B3D "# apropo# on !"#"##u

* un"for3 rul"n of !"# Cour! "# !a! ! !r"al our! ;3ay no!"nHu"r "n!o ! !ru! of ! alla!"on#, and Ind !3 !o 5fal# 5for a ar"n "# ad on ! 3r"!# of ! au#;. &f !our! Ind# ! alla!"on# !o 5 #u"n! 5u! dou5!# !"r4ra"!y, "! "# "nu35n! upon #a"d our! !o dny ! 3o!"on !od"#3"## and rHu"r ! dfndan! !o an#=r. * 4ra"!y of ! a##r!"on# ould 5 a##r!d a! ! !r"al on ! 3r"!#.; 12

'LA& Ild a 3o!"on for ! ron#"dra!"on of !a! :"#"on 5u! "! =a#dn"d on Auu#! 26, 199@. n, "! "# no= 5for !"# Cour! on ap!"!"on for r4"= on r!"orar" ra"#"n ! follo="n "##u#

;1. *E C$+R* $ A))EAL' ERRE: &N &N:&NG *A* *EALLEGA*&$N &N *E C$%)LA&N* $ )R&A*E RE')$N:EN* *A* &* &' *E $<NER $ *E '+BJEC* )R$)ER*D $N *EBA'&' $ A :EE: $ AB'$L+*E 'ALE &' :EE%E:D)$*E*&CALLD A:%&**E: G&&NG &* CA)AC&*D *$ &LE *E)R$CEE:&NG' BEL$<, C&*&NG GALE$N '. GALE$N, @9 'CRA16, BECA+'E D)$*E*&CAL A:%&''&$N $ AC* :$E' N$*EQ*EN: *$ &NERENCE' $R C$NCL+'&$N' :RA<N R$%











'+C AC* EEN ALLEGE: &N *E C$%)LA&N* A' EL: &N :E:&$' . BR&'*$L, L-20, JAN+ARD 12, 197@.

2. A''+%&NG ARG+EN:$ *A* )R&A*E RE')$N:EN* &' *E$<NER $ *E '+BJEC* )R$)ER*D, *E 'A%E &' '*&LL&N'+&C&EN* *$ %A?E $+* A CA+'E $ AC*&$N BECA+'E *E

:EE: $ RE'*R&C*&$N' '$+G* *$ BE CANCELLE: BD)R&A*E RE')$N:EN* REK+&RE' *A* *E CANCELLA*&$N *ERE$ BE &N&*&A*E: BD %E%BER' <$ ARE *EREG&'*ERE: $<NER' $ *E L$*' &N *E &LLAGE AN: BD *E&R *<$ *&R:' $*E.

. *E C$+R* $ A))EAL' ERRE: &N N$* &N:&NG *A*)R&A*E RE')$N:EN* &' N$* *E REAL )AR*D-&N-&N*ERE'*.; drp

*# on!n!"on# 5o"l do=n !o ! #ol "##u of =!r or no! !p!"!"on 5lo= all# a au# of a!"on aa"n#! p!"!"onr !a! !lo=r our! 3ay 5 d3d !o a4 orr!ly dn"d ! 3o!"on !od"#3"## ! #a3 p!"!"on.

* Rul# of Cour! rHu"r# !a! ! o3pla"n! 3u#! 3a> a on"##!a!3n! of ! ul!"3a! fa!# or ! ##n!"al fa!# on#!"!u!"n !pla"n!"# au# of a!"on. A fa! "# ##n!"al "f "! anno! 5 #!r">n ou!="!ou! la4"n ! #!a!3n! of ! au# of a!"on "n#u"n!. 13 A

o3pla"n! #!a!# a au# of a!"on =r "! on!a"n# ! !r ##n!"al l3n!# of a au# of a!"on, na3ly 1 ! lal r"! of ! pla"n!", 2 ! orrla!"4 o5l"a!"on of ! dfndan!, and !a! or o3"##"on of ! dfndan! "n 4"ola!"on of #a"d lal r"!. &f !#l3n!# ar a5#n!, ! o3pla"n! 5o3# 4ulnra5l !o a 3o!"on !od"#3"## on ! round of fa"lur !o #!a! a au# of a!"on. &f !alla!"on# ar 4au, "ndIn"!, or "n ! for3 of onlu#"on#, !dfndan!# rour# "# no! a 3o!"on !o d"#3"## 5u! a 5"ll of par!"ular#. 14

A 3o!"on !o d"#3"## on ! round of fa"lur !o #!a! a au# of a!"on"n ! o3pla"n! ypo!!"ally ad3"!# ! !ru! of ! fa!# alld!r"n. o=4r, ! ypo!!"al ad3"##"on "# l"3"!d !o ! ;rl4an!and 3a!r"al fa!# =ll pladd "n ! o3pla"n! and "nfrn# fa"rlyddu!"5l !rfro3. * ad3"##"on do# no! !nd !o onlu#"on# or"n!rpr!a!"on# of la=( nor do# "! o4r alla!"on# of fa! ! fal#"!y of

=" "# #u5F! !o Fud""al no!".; 15 A# !"# Cour! ld "n "e "ios& . !ristol Laboratories 7$hils. 8, +nc.

;. . . or ! purpo#, ! 3o!"on !o d"#3"## 3u#! ypo!!"allyad3"! ! !ru! of ! fa!# alld "n ! o3pla"n!. *ad3"##"on, o=4r, "# l"3"!d only !o all 3a!r"al and rl4an!fa!# =" ar =ll pladd "n ! o3pla"n!. *u#, " ! a# 5nruld !a! a d3urrr ad3"!# only #u 3a!!r# of fa! a# ar#u"n!ly pladd( !a! ! d3urrr do# no! ad3"! !!ru! of 3r p"!!# ar"n fraud( nor alla!"on# of lalonlu#"on#( nor an rronou# #!a!3n! of la=. * ad3"##"onof ! !ru! of 3a!r"al and rl4an! fa!# =ll pladd do#

no! !nd !o rndr a d3urrr an ad3"##"on of "nfrn# oronlu#"on# dra=n !rfro3, 4n "f alld "n ! plad"n(nor 3r "nfrn# or onlu#"on# fro3 fa!# no! #!a!d( noronlu#"on# of la=( nor 3a!!r# of 4"dn( nor #urplu#aand "rrl4an! 3a!!r. . . .; 1"

o=4r, "! #ould 5 po"n!d ou! a! ! ou!#! !a! "! "# no! ;la> ora5#n of au# of a!"on; !a! "# a round for d"#3"##al of !o3pla"n!, 5u! ra!r, !a! ;! o3pla"n! #!a!# no au# of a!"on;. 1#

"e "ios d"d "ndd old !a! a 3o4an! !o d"#3"## on ! roundof )ailure o) the complaint to state a cause o) action "# 5urdnd ="!! "3pl"d ad3"##"on of ! !ru! of ;all 3a!r"al and rl4an! fa!#=" ar =ll pladd "n ! o3pla"n!,; 5u! no! of ;3r p"!!#ar"n fraud,; or lal onlu#"on#, or 3r "nfrn#, or 3a!!r# of 4"dn. 'a"d a# a4 a3pl# of alla!"on# no! ="!"n !ypo!!"al-ad3"##"on rul, !o ="! ;3al""ou# and unFu#!"Id;"n#!"!u!"on of an a!"on( a!"n 3al""ou#ly and for ! purpo# of pol"!"al pr#u!"on and 4nan, ="! "n!n! of "ru34n!"n a

















on#!"!u!"onal pro4"#"on( u#urp"n ! o of 'na!or of !)"l"pp"n#( !a! ! 3a#!r ad 5rad ! on!ra!, or d"#ardan 3ploy "n a =ronful, "llal, unla=ful, unFu#! 3annr, !.

* a5o4 rul"n, o=4r, do# no! apply !o ! a# a! 5ar. &n !"n#!an! a#, ! o3pla"n! a##r!# !a! pla"n!" pura#d !propr!y "n Hu#!"on fro3 ! pr#on ad3"!!dly old"n !"!l !r!o. &!!n "nfr# !a! 5y !"# 3od, "! 5a3 ! #u##or-"n-"n!r#! of ! 4ndor, "f no! "ndd ! o=nr of ! propr!y. n, !r#!r"!"on# "n ! !"!l #ould 5 null"Id no! only 5au# "! "#on!rary !o la= 5u! al#o 5au# ! ond"!"on# undr =" !y =r"3po#d ad a#d !o "#!.

&n fa!, ! a4r3n!# "n ! o3pla"n! l"> ! !"!l of A:EC# 4ndor,! u!"on of ! #al 5y #a"d 4ndor !o A:EC, ! la!!r# #!a!u# a#! 4ndor# #u##or-"n-"n!r#!, and ! al!rd py#"aln4"ron3n! alon )a#ay Road, ar alla!"on# =ll ="!"n !ypo!!"al-ad3"##"on pr"n"pl. *# a4r3n!# #a!"#fy ! !r l3n!# of a au# of a!"on. &n o!r =ord#, ! o3pla"n! d"d #!a! aau# of a!"on.

&n 4"= of #u, 'LA& anno! #u##fully "n4o> ! round !a! !o3pla"n! ;fa"l# !o #!a! a au# of a!"on; "n "!# 3o!"on !o d"#3"##.

)u!!"n "! d"rn!ly, =a! 'LA& ##n!"ally pu!# a! "##u "# =!r#u5#!an!"4ly, A:EC, a# pla"n!" "n ! a# 5lo=, po##### a !na5lr"! of a!"on. A# d"#u##d, #a"d "##u "# no! a round for a 3o!"on !od"#3"##. A# a 3a!!r of la=, n"!r ar ! ay of ! #al !o pa##!"!l !o ! propr!y, and on#Hun!ly, A:EC# aHu"#"!"on of ! #!a!u#of #u##or-"n-"n!r#!, #p"I 3anda!ory 3od# !o alln !r#!r"!"on# "n Hu#!"on, or ! an "n ! py#"al n4"ron3n!alon )a#ay Road, round# for a 3o!"on !o d"#3"## undr Rul 16 of !Rul# of Cour!. &n#!ad, ! afor3n!"ond "##u# 3ay 5 proprlyra"#d "n ! An#=r.

Rard"n ! !"rd "##u of =!r A:EC "# a ral par!y "n "n!r#!,#a"d "##u "# l">="# no! a propr round for a 3o!"on !o d"#3"##.Cr!a"nly, a# #u##or-"n-"n!r#! of ! or""nal 4ndor, =o "# !unHu#!"ond !"!l oldr, A:EC a# ! prroa!"4 !o a##r! all !

la!!r# r"!#, "nlud"n ! "3puna!"on of ! r#!r"!"on# on ! !"!l. * !na5"l"!y of ! round# for !a! "3puna!"on, ="l propr undr! plad"n#, #ould 5 !r#d ou! a! ! !r"al on ! 3r"!#.

* only o!r "##u ra"#d "# !a! 4n a##u3"n A:EC 5a3 o=nrof ! propr!y, "! anno! #> anlla!"on 5au#, undr 'LA&#rul#, ! anlla!"on pro## an only 5 "n"!"a!d 5y ;335r#; of ! 'LA& =o ar ! r"#!rd o=nr# of ! lo!# "n ! 4"lla and5y !"r !=o-!"rd# 4o!. o=4r, !o# rul# =r no! dal! ="! "n! o3pla"n! a! all. *y 3ay !u# 5 ra"#d only 5y =ay of dfn# "n! An#=r, 5u! no! a# round for a 3o!"on !o d"#3"## a4a"la5l a#au# for d"#3"##al of ! a!"on a! !"# arly #!a.

"nally, 4n a##u3"n !a! ! alla!"on of ! fa!# on#!"!u!"nA:EC# au# of a!"on "# no! a# lar and a!or"al a# =ouldo!r="# 5 d#"rd, any unr!a"n!y !r5y ar"#"n #ould 5 #or#ol4d a# !o na5l a full "nHu"ry "n!o ! 3r"!# of ! a!"on. 'u aour# =ould prlud !a! 3ul!"pl""!y of #u"!# =" ! la= a5or#,and ondu !o ! dIn"!"4 d!r3"na!"on and !r3"na!"on of !d"#pu!. $n ! o!r and, ! a5or!"on of ! a!"on on aoun! of ! alld fa!al a=# of ! o3pla"n! =ould o54"ou#ly 5 "nd"#"4("! =ould no! nd ! on!ro4r#y, #"n ! "n#!"!u!"on of ano!r a!"onupon a r4"#d o3pla"n! =ould no! 5 forlo#d.

<ERE$RE, ! p!"!"on #ould 5 :&'%&''E: and ! allndd"#"on of ! Cour! of Appal# #ould 5 A&R%E:. drp



'$ $R:ERE:. /ar&asa, C . J ., apunan and $urisima, JJ ., onur#.

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