Removal of Smog for Rapidifying Transportation Using Ultrasonic Waves

8/3/2019 Removal of Smog for Rapidifying Transportation Using Ultrasonic Waves

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Applying ultrasonic waves on atmospheric smog to improve visibility and accelerate

transportation system

Debraj Roy (B.Tech, Mechanical & Automation, IIIrd sem)

Amity School of Engg. & Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan-302006, India

Abstract

We propose the construction of a device powered by the energy within the vehicle which

would work on ultrasonic scrubbing like employed in vacuum cleaners at a much higher scale. It

would serve as a powerful means to improve visibility in winters especially foggy situation. We

Ultrasonic Waves: - Starting from the basics... “Ultra” means “beyond” & “sonic” means “sound”.

These waves are basically longitudinal sound waves of frequency of 16 kHz which are not audible for

us. For years, we have come across various applications of ultrasonic waves; let it be SONAR for

ships, metal flaw detection system for industries or let it be in the field of biology for noticing the

development of foetus. In recent years, we have noticed use of ultrasonic waves in cleaning purposes.My thought is somewhat related to this point.

What is Ultrasonic Scrubbing?

We commonly hear about the terms “ultrasonic scrubbing”. It involves the use of high frequency

ultrasonic waves of frequency nearby 500 Mhz to coagulate dust particles (like in vacuum

cleaners)without reflecting much damage to surrounding & proving out to be very much cost

effective.

If the high frequency & high energy carrying energy waves are subjected onto the smoke or

fog or haze surrounding the transport system then these waves would coagulate the dust and other

particulate matter into heavier lumps which would subsequently settle down while the simultaneous

conversion of dense fog to vapours could be achieved which simply serves our purpose of rapidifying

the transport process.

How to generate the waves effectively on transporting vehicles?

For Railways -> Trains have proved very effective in various science modelling. People have

innovated various ways to harness the energy that is associated with trains.

I would like to focus open the fact that trains have heavy & strong magnets which drag the

bogeys across the tracks. If it consumes gallons of diesel for driving the train the a few litres won’t

harm to support the piezoelectric & inverse piezoelectric devices fitted nearby the magnets joining the

bogeys.



This is one of the either ways of utilising the heavy magnets between the bogeys to exert mechanical

stress to produce electricity.

For airways-> Airways have been one of the consistent users of ultrasonic scrubbing for cleaning

purposes but this way round they can easily sort out issues but in a smaller scale.

Using the rotor blades of aircrafts for rotating a small cylindrical churning device would be the

easiest way of producing the mechanical stress for generating piezoelectricity which can then be used

for USW production

Process



Once the train starts to roll the 16-17 bogeys are dragged by the strong magnets which also links them

to each other. Subjecting a piezoelectric device as above to this heavy stress generates potential

difference between the faces of piezoelectric material (I won’t support the use of Quartz because of

the cost of production of these crystals being sky-high so I would suggest BaTiO3 as this compound

meets the requirements of the project. The other alternative is the use of magnetostriction method to

produce ultrasonic waves but it requires more electricity), while on aeroplanes the cylindrical churner

would serve the purpose. The electricity thus generated is continuously stored & simultaneously

forwarded to another device consisting of Quartz or BaTiO3 crystal which causes inverse

piezoelectric effect i. e, Ultrasonic waves would be produced due to subjecting such material to

electricity. This unit would be present at the train engine side or above it for proper transmission of

these waves. Subsequently, the waves would propagate till there energy gets consumed in coagulation

of particulate matter & humidification of dense fog. The reduced fog & smoke would greatly reduce

the delays.

For proper transmission of the waves a 5-10m SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) device would

be of great help as this plank- form device would allow the USW to reach fog at a bit expected

distance or else the purpose of this setup wouldn’t be served.



This SAW device is commonly used in all devices working on ultrasonic waves for

preventing them from scattering in the environment & so maximum efficiency could be attained.

Result

Thus if one can create a device something like the picture above which subjects Ultrasonic waves to

nearby atmosphere then just like SONAR, these waves would serve the purpose of clearing the ways

for a much faster transportation system.

Summary



A simple but efficient process for removal of smoke & fog using ultrasonic waves which is generated

from the transport facility itself is formed which rapidifies the process of transportation.

Bibliography

Applied Physics (Dr. Manjeet Singh) Info about Piezoelectric, USW, Magnetostriction

ehow.com (to know about ultrasonic scrubbing)

google.com (values & data for various frequencies & measures)

Wikipedia.org (Basic info about various phenomena )

FAQS

What about the harmful effects of using the ultrasonic waves in atmosphere?

Ans: -Due to continuous consumption of the energy of ultrasonic waves for coagulation of

particulate matter & humidification of dense fog the effect on animals would be very less &

as per common observations the winters are the prime time for the smog to occur & in these

weathers animals tend to move towards warmer places & not towards railway tracks or

airports.

What is the expected budget for this device or complete unit?

Ans: - Looking at the prices of a complete railway train & aeroplanes, I guess the unit would prove of

negligible cost. The whole unit will be around 30-40 thousand if the right materials are used like

BaTiO3

Other side-effects?

Ans: -Cloud burst possibilities are there if the frequency is more than necessary but if France can use

supersonic Concorde aeroplane for over a decade without such issues then definitely this system can

do wonders

How many components are there?

Ans: - Mainly 4 components

1. Piezoelectric unit – for the generation of electricity by harnessing the energy present within

the system of vehicles.

2. Storage Unit – for storing of energy in D. C. Form so can use rectifier if necessary &

amplifier circuit if less stress is obtained.

3. Inverse Piezoelectric Unit – for producing the ultrasonic waves when electricity would be

subjected on it.



4. SAW unit – for proper transmission of USW to the fog & smoke to achieve maximum

efficiency

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Removal of Smog for Rapidifying Transportation Using Ultrasonic Waves