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R

enaissance a cultural movement that lasted from the 14th to the 17th century

the intellectual transformation from the Middle Ages to the

Early Modern Ages (1100-1800)

the study of five humanities: poetry, grammar, history, moralphilosophy, and rhetoric

As a cultural movement, it encompassed a resurgence of learning based on classical sources

the linguistic shifts in English following the Norman invasionproduced what is now referred to as Middle English (1500-1800)

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Renaissance started in 1960 according toCrystal

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Evolution of Words

Fæder ure þu þe eart on heofonumsi þin nama gehalgod tobecume þin rice gewurþe þin

willa on eorðan swa swa on heofonumurne gedæghwamlican hlaf syle us to dægand forgyf us ure gyltas swa swa we forgyfað urumgyltendum

and ne gelæd þu us on costnunge ac alys us of yfelesoþlice.

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Oure fadir þat art in heuenes halwid be þiname;þi reume or kyngdom come to be. Be þi wille

don in herþe as it is doun in heuene.

yeue to us today oure eche dayes bred.And foryeue to us oure dettis þat is oure

synnys as we foryeuen to oure dettouris þat

is to men þat han synned in us.And lede us not into temptacion but

delyuere us from euyl.

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Our father which art in heauen, hallowedbe thy name.Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in

earth as it is in heauen.

Giue us this day our daily bread.And forgiue us our debts as we forgiue our

debters.

And lead us not into temptation, butdeliuer us from euill. Amen.

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Old English (c. 1000)

Middle English (Wyclif, 1384)

Early Modern English (KingJames Version, 1611)

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English RenaissanceElizabethan era marked the beginning of the EnglishRenaissance with the work of writers William Shakespeare,Christopher Marlowe, Edmund Spenser, Sir Thomas More,Francis Bacon, Sir Philip Sidney, John Milton

This period is often mistaken as "the age of Shakespeare" or"the Elizabethan era" 

revival of classical scholarship brought many classical Latin

and Greek words into English

Shakespeare's character Holofernes in Loves Labor Lost is asatire of an overenthusiastic schoolmaster who is too fond of 

Latinisms.

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Borrowings (inkhorn terms) were deliberate but Puristsopposed

Latin, Greek, French, German, Arabic, Hindi (from India),Italian, Malay, Dutch, Farsi (from Iran and Afghanistan),

Nahuatl (the Aztec language), Sanskrit (from ancient India),Portuguese, Spanish, Tupi (from South America) and Ewe (from

Africa

Many words came from Latin and Italian via French

Newcomers to Shakespeare are often shocked at the number

of cliches contained in his plays, until they realize that hecoined them and they became cliches afterwards. "One fellswoop," "vanish into thin air," and "flesh and blood" are all

Shakespeare's. Words he bequeathed to the language include

"critical," "leapfrog," "majestic," "dwindle," and "pedant."

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English was inappropriate for new learnings. Latin or

Greek was the language of most scholars especially intheology or medicine.

Even with all these borrowings the heart of the

language remains the Anglo-Saxon of Old English.

2 major factors that separated the Middle English andModern English:

1.)Great Vowel Shift

2.) Advent of the printing press

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Deruncinated Words

Demit (send away) was replaced bydismiss

Disadorn andDisaccustom was replaced with disagree

New FormationEndear, forname, uncivilized (PREFIXATION)

Considerable, gloomy, laughable (SUFFIXATION)

Chap-fallen, pincushion, heaven-sent (COMPUONDING)

Invite, laugh, gossip, season (CONVERSION-noun from

verb, verb from noun)

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Renaissance System

Thou/Thee-used by and used to speak with people of higherrank in the society

-poetic style

-intimacy or affection-anger and contempt

You

-formality-politeness

-distance

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BibliographyCrystal, D. 1995. The Cambridge University Encyclopediaof the English Language. UK: Cambridge University Press

http://library.thinkquest.org/15413/history/history-ren-voc.htm

http://www.studyenglishtoday.net/english-language-history.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Renaissance

http://www.krysstal.com/english.html

http://www.anglik.net/englishlanguagehistory.htm