Report on Theme 2

Community Resilience and Social Protection

Rationale for Renewal’s role in Social Protection

• Discussion on meaning of social protection, relationship to existing systems of social assistance, what is Renewal’s role?

• Moving from ‘project’ approach to social protection to more systematic, sustainable approach (role of state? Non-state actors?)

• Provide common themes and research design support for partners interested in studying similar interventions

• Provide comparative, regional perspective

Criteria for selecting projects• Need to be able to address the Theme 2 research

questions in the Renewal document. – Research questions address all important themes except: 1)

make gender issues/exploitation more explicit; 2) regional relevance.

• Address cross-cutting themes (similar to questions in Renewal document)

• Social protection must be more than just cash transfers because poverty involves not just a cash deficit but issues related to gender, power.

• Cash +: Health? ECD? Mobilization, education and rights? Psycho-social support?

• ECD South Africa and Cash Transfers + in Zambia OK

Additional cross-cutting themes

• Compare institutional context in analyzing what works and doesn’t regionally:– Funding mechanisms, procurement systems,

capacity of delivery agents, strength of civil society institutions

• Learning from community responses

Broad research issuesPhase 1a

• Community studies– How are communities coping in the face of AIDS

crisis? How have their responses been undermined? Strengthened?

– What informal and community-based social protection currently exists at community level? What are local NGOs doing?

– What do people value? Want?

• Baseline household and community study for later impact assessment (pre-intervention)

Broad research issuesPhase 1b

• Institutional Study– Roles and relationships between government

Ministries/departments, NGOs, agencies and community organizations for financing, procurement, implementation, training.

• State or non-state? State may not be best at delivering, why not work with NGOS?

• But can’t just leave them out—need to bring them in and build capacity.

– Policy processes affecting program development and implementation

• Institutional context, dissonance, compartmentalization, capacities, partnerships, strength of civil society organizations,

• Evidenced-based policies?

Broad research issuesPhase 2

• How have formal interventions modified community and other local approaches (support/undermine resilience)? – How affected local social relations?– Behavior change?

• How have local practices informed/affected formal interventions (in design and practice)

• How can lessons from phase 1 be translated into policy?

• Follow up impact studies– Indicators?

Specific research issues

• Gender-specific vulnerabilities• Targeting (AIDS-affected or poor?)• Cash or food or both? • Appropriate level of benefits-social minimum• Testing alternative designs• Impacts

– Economic and social– Adults and children

Process issues

• What is the role of this discussion group? Thematic reference group?

• Management structures?

• Feedback to communities– Not just report back at end but at various

stage along the way– Does Renewal have a protocol for this?

Importance of regional emphasis 1

• Need comparability across projects– Not necessarily intervention design but

answering common sets of questions in different institutional contexts

– Standardization of designs– Can look at common interventions across

countries, in later stage of Renewal– Renewal partners can look at similar

questions in similar interventions in their countries, with design support from Renewal.

Importance of regional emphasis 2

• Need to involve regional institutions in Renewal generally, and in its social protection theme. They are interested in this theme.– Follow up on 2006 Livingstone call for action, NPAs– SADC, East African Community, African Union,

COMESA– Important to interact with these bodies, learn of their

interests and have an audience there for our findings.• Need to involve the NAPs in these projects.

Comment on the proposals, ongoing interaction.• Ensure relevance of research and audience for

results