Research Article Development of Educational Platform for

Research ArticleDevelopment of Educational Platform forExperiments of Electric Machines

Yuan-Chieh Chin

Electrical Engineering Chienkuo Technology University Changhua 50094 Taiwan

Correspondence should be addressed to Yuan-Chieh Chin cycccctuedutw

Received 25 February 2014 Accepted 29 March 2014 Published 22 April 2014

Academic Editor Her-Terng Yau

Copyright copy 2014 Yuan-Chieh Chin This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licensewhich permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited

An educational platform to improve the test and the evaluation of the experimental data in electric machine laboratory isdevelopedThe system is complement to the course taught of electricmachines to undergraduate studentsThe proposed system canautomatically acquire the experimental data from data acquisition device on the personal computer and transfer the data throughinterface card to the host server The host sever performs the essential calculations of the obtained parameters After the studentsenter their computational value through system interface the host server could record compare estimate and chart the result inreal time The system not only improves the efficiency of the experimental data evaluation but also provides the online commentsincluding experimental purposes principles necessary instrument equipment special notes operation procedures and resultsrecording

1 Introduction

In 1988 Keyhani and Hao [1] proposed a microcomputer-aided data acquisition system for laboratory testing of trans-formers and electrical machines Their system focuses on themeasurement of the characteristics of synchronous machineand transformer The analysis software of Keyhani and Haorsquossystem only aims at the synchronous motor V type char-acteristic curve and transformers open-circuit short-circuitexperiments In 2000 Kasten [2] proposed an integratingcomputerized data acquisition and analysis system Kastenrsquossystem provides the safe operations of instrumentationsand measurement procedures over wide range of experi-mental tests The data acquisition and subsequent analysisof Knastanrsquos system is LabVIEW by National InstrumentsIn 2004 Sellschopp et al [3] proposed an automated sys-tem for frequency response analysis with application to anundergraduate laboratory of electrical machines Sellschoppand Arjonarsquos system provides a LabVIEW-based automatedsystem to carry out frequency response tests in electri-cal machines laboratory An advantage of Sellschopp andArjonarsquos system is its friendly-user interface and avoiding therisky utilization of oscilloscopes in laboratory experiment In

2006 Shuhui and Challoo [4] proposed a new approach thatby integrating computer-assisted teaching methodology inclassroom presentation substantially restructures the courseso that it provides a comprehensive treatment of electric-drive systems

In the traditional electric machinery experimental sys-tems of laboratory courses the students have always towait for a long time to get the instructorrsquos comments afterthey submit their experimental results Comparing withthe above mentioned systems propose an integrated onlinesystem with clientserver architecture to improve the recordevaluation and verification process of the experimental datain electric machine laboratory The proposed system canautomatically acquire the experimental data from data acqui-sition device on the personal computer and transfer the datathrough interface card to the host server The host sever per-forms the essential calculations of the obtained parametersAfter the students enter their computational value throughsystem interface the host server could record compareestimate and chart the result in real time The following liststhe seven achievements of the system and the eight functionsapplied in the electric machinery experiments

Hindawi Publishing CorporationMathematical Problems in EngineeringVolume 2014 Article ID 984638 10 pageshttpdxdoiorg1011552014984638

2 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

Figure 1 The practical instrument of one experimental set

The seven achievements are

(1) innovative and powerful database interconnectiontechnology with high feasibility

(2) practical data acquisition technology(3) highly portable recording technology(4) novel characteristic drawing technology without the

drawing orders(5) practical network database technology in production

office and study(6) innovative network data comparing and error auto-

matic distinguishing technology(7) smart technology to automatically adjust the param-

eters of the network practice

The eight functions of the online real-time electricmachineryexperimental system are

(1) automatic measurement computer-based data acqui-sition interface

(2) automatic recording it is convenient and portable forstudents to save the data

(3) characteristic curve drawing users can draw thecharacteristic figures by setting some variables

(4) online practice the network system can verify thecorrectness automatically

(5) online handover the network system can identify ifthe homework is handed

(6) online inquiring function for teachers teacherscan recognize students homework and examinationresults automatically

(7) online library it provides the online E-books forstudents to read and survey

(8) online smart questioning system it can adjust thedifficulty of the examination and grade automatically

In addition to the automatic measurement and recordingfunctions other education organizations without the auto-matic measuring interface can also use this system They canuse many functions such as automatic saving characteristiccurve drawing and online homework handover by import-ing the experimental data obtained with the traditionalwiring into this system

2 Laboratory Setup and System Architecture

The main equipment of laboratory includes the traditionalunits as follows transformers DC machines three-phasesynchronousmachines single phase inductionmotors three-phase induction motors and so forth Additional equipmentis por modules digit meters starters synchronous lampsload resistor banks and field rheostats In the proposed sys-tem wemust have the other equipment including voltage andcurrent transducers torque generator and speed generator tocombine with DAQ card and PC

The laboratory experiment may consist of many exper-imental sets The practical instrument of one experimentalset can be seen in Figure 1 Each set equips transformerinduction motor synchronous machine DC machine signalconditioner AD converter and PC with interface card Theoverall view of the system architecture is shown in Figure 2[5]

First the system must calculate the measurement datagrabbed at voltage signal and a current signal at an instantthrough the data acquisition card (PCL-818) [6] Then thevarious handwritten data can be record and save in Accessdatabase Make use of the concert of the database and ASP toupload to the host server systemThe host sever compares theautomated computational data with the upload data whichwas calculated by the studentThe verification results reply tothe client system immediately

In the laboratory experiments students have to assemblethe circuit connect the necessary instrument make themeasurements and essential computations compare the datato the expected behavior and input the computational datato PC The initial experimental signal should be processedthrough signals conditioner and DAQ card (PCL-818) sothat the converted experimental data can be transmitted topersonal computer and keep a record in client PC Afterthat students input their computational data and submitboth of the data including recorded measuring data indatabase and inputted computational data to host server viainterface cardThe integrated online system will compute therecorded measuring data automatically so that the systemcould compare the automated computational data to anotherdata which are inputted and computed by students lately

3 Parameters Determining

The equivalent circuits of electric machines are very usefultool for determining the electric machinesrsquo response to

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 3

Experiment set N

TransformerInduction machines

Synchronous machinesDC machines







Experiment set 3Experiment set 2Experiment set 1

middot middot middot




Signals conditionerSignals conditionerSignals conditionerSignals conditioner

AD converterand counter




PC 1 (client) PC 2 (client) PC 3 (client) PC N (client)

NET

Host PC (server)

Figure 2 The overall view of system architecture

changes in load However if a model is to be used for a realmachine it is necessary to what the elementary parametervalues are that go into the model How can the parametersbe determined for a real electric machine These pieces ofinformation may be found by performing a series of tests onthe electric machines

For example wanting to experimentally determine thevalues of the inductances and resistances in the transformermodel shown in Figure 3 an adequate approximation ofthese values can be obtained with only two tests the open-circuit test and the short-circuit test The open-circuit testconnections are shown in Figure 4 Full line voltage is appliedto the primary of the transformer and the input voltageinput current and input por to the transformer aremeasuredThe short-circuit test connections are shown in Figure 5The input voltage is adjusted until the current in the short-circuited windings is equal to its rated value

From this information the series equivalent elements119877eq119883eq and the admittance of the excitation branch 119877119862 119883119872 canbe determined as follows [7]

Themagnitude of the excitation admittance can be foundfrom the open-circuit test voltage and current

10038161003816100381610038161198841198641003816100381610038161003816 =119868OC119881OC (1)

The angle of the admittance can be found from knowledge ofthe circuit por factorThe open-circuit por factor (PF) is givenby

PF = cos 120579 =119875OC119881OC119868OC (2)

++

minusminus

IP

VP RC

jXeq

jXM

Req ISa

aVS

Figure 3 The approximation transformer model referred to theprimary side

Wattmeter

V

A

Transformer

+

minus

(t)

ip(t)

p(t)

Figure 4 Connection for transformer open-circuit test

and the por factor angle 120579 is given by

120579 = cosminus1119875OC119881OC119868OC (3)


Wattmeter

V

Transformer

A

(t)

ip(t)

+

minus

p(t)

is(t)

Figure 5 Connection for transformer short-circuit test

Transformer

DC generator

Inductionmachine

Main menu

Three-phaseinduction


motor generator

Single phaseinduction

motorSynchronous

motorSynchronous

generator DC motor

DC machineSynchronousmachine

Items selectionand test

Results analysisand upload

Ok

End

Yes

Host servercheck and record

Test again No

Figure 6 The overall view of the program modules and flow chart

Web serverServlet

JSPHTML

XML

Application server

JSP

HTML

XML Relational database

Client application

Firewall

Clientbrowser

Clientbrowser

Data-tierMiddle-tierClient-tier

(Inside)

(Outside)

Figure 7 Multitier architecture


Signals conditioner

Voltage signals

Network interface card N

Host PC (server)

Torque signal

Speed signal

Current signals

CN1 CN2

PCL-818

Figure 8 The processing flow of the experimental signals

+

+

+

_

V+

V+

Vminus

Vminus

V+

Vminus

Signal in

Signal in

Signal out

minus

minus

C1 C2 C3

R1 R2

R3 R4

C4 C5 C6

C7

C8

R5

R6

C9

C10

C11

C12

R7

R8

R10

R9

C13

C14

Figure 9 One channel voltage signal conditioner

Therefore the admittance 119884119864is

119884119864=119868OC119881OCang minus 120579 =

119868OC119881OCang minus cosminus1PF = 119866

119862minus 119895119861119872

=1

119877119862

minus 1198951

119883119872

(4)

and themagnitude of the series impedance can be found fromthe short-circuit test voltage and current

1003816100381610038161003816119885SE1003816100381610038161003816 =119881SC119868SC (5)

The por factor of current is given by

PF = cos 120579 =119875SC119881SC119868SC (6)

and the overall impedance angle 120579 is given by

120579 = cosminus1119875SC119881SC119868SC (7)

Therefore the series impedance 119885SE is equal to

119885SE =119881SC119868SCang120579 =119881SC119868SCang minus cosminus1PF = 119877eq + 119895119883eq (8)


+

Signal in

Signal inSignal out

Hall-sensor

R1

minus

V+

Vminus

C1

C2

VR1

VR2

VR3

Figure 10 One channel current signal conditioner

ConditionerSpeed signal

Clock out

(a)

ConditionerTorque signal

Voltage out

(b)

Figure 11 Speed signal conditioner and torque signal conditioner

+

minus DIF

CHA

CHB

500 V

100 V

10 V

+

minus DIF

500 V

100 V

10 V

10 V

25 V

10 V

25 V

A

B

Figure 12 Voltage converter

100 kΩ times 1

100 120583F times2

N4001 times 4

Figure 13 Rectifier

The above-mentioned items the input voltage inputcurrent and input por to the transformer can be measuredmanually by students and automatically by the system If themeasurement is performed in the automatic mode all thepor signals would be handled based on the rules of signalprocessing in the following where 119868 is the effective value ofline current 119881 is the effective value of line voltage 119878

119894is the

input apparent por 119876119894is the input reactive por and 119875

119894is the

input active por [8ndash10]

119868 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119868119894)2

119881 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894)2

119878119894= radic3119881119868

119876119894= radic31

119899

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894) (119868119894)

119875119894= radic(119878

119894)2minus (119876119894)2

(9)

From the above equations the required quantities can beobtained through the calculation program designed withvisual basic with the extracted voltage and current signalsfrom data acquisition card

4 System Interface and Soft Architecture

The system interface was designed on the basis of convenientuse and friendly interaction between student and this systemThe overall view of the program module and flow chartis shown in Figure 6 By using the system interface it isvery convenient to choose different kinds of experimentalmachine and the subunitsrsquo experiment can be proceededsubsequently The system program can be divided into twoparts client system and host server systemThe client systemis written in visual basic and MS access and runs on top of


Addressdecoder

Status

Data buffer

DMA logic

IRQ logic

Register

Select

PC b

us

Data mux

12 bit ADconverter

Sampleand hold

Gainswitch

Prog GainAmplifier

ChannelScan Logic

Logic

RAM

Trig

16 bitDig out

16 bitDig in

MUX16 SE

or8 DIFF

Counter number 1

Counter number 2

Counter number 0

2 CH 12 bitcode latch


LCLREMcontrol

10 MHZOSC

10

10

100 MHz

1 MHz

10 MHzIn

InOut

Out

Internal data bus

CTR0 CLKCTR0 gate

CLK1

CLK2

Out1

Out2

DA 0

DA 1

CTR0 out8254

EOC

Digitaloutput

Digitalinput

Analoginput

Figure 14 DAQ card (PCL-818)

Figure 15 The title screen

Windows XP Professional or Windows 7 Professional Thehost server system is writing in HTML and active server page(ASP) and runs on top ofWindows 7 Server Both of the clientand server computers have to connect to LAN or internet

In this paper the development environment includes VBand internet-based programs Therefore the whole structureof software can also be divided intoVB and internet operationmodes

The internet-based program is mainly focused on thedesign and arrangement of online operation where the func-tions of plot of characteristic curve development of online

Figure 16 The pop-up menu appears

platform for automatic data evaluation online examinationfunction for teachers and online database are included

N-tier application architecture provides amodel bywhichdevelopers can create flexible and reusable applications Bysegregating an application into tiers require the option ofmodifying or adding a specific layer instead of reworkingthe entire application A three-tier architecture is typicallycomposed of a presentation tier a business or data accesstier and a data tier The current internet is mainly the b-based structure which is three-tie architecture followed bythe collected mainframe and two-tier clientserver In theb development field three-tier architecture is often used to


Figure 17 The subunit three-phase induction motor load test

refer to websites commonly electronic commerce websiteswhich are built using three tiers

(1) A front end b server serving static content andpotentially some cached dynamic content In b-basedapplication front end is the content rendered bythe browser The content may be static or generateddynamically

(2) Amiddle dynamic content processing and generationlevel application server for example Ruby on RailsJava EE ASPNET PHP ColdFusion and Perl plat-form

(3) A back-end database or data store comprising bothdata sets and the database management system soft-ware that manages and provides access to the data

In the three-tie architecture the connection and coor-dination between servers would be more complicated thanthose in two-tie structure when dealing with a service Forthe users in the client the distributed processing can beconveniently completed with single internet connection andthe uniform user interface of browser Figure 7 is the typicalthree-tie application structure developed with JAVA [11 12]

The three-tie structure includes client-tie for user inter-face middle-tie for core application tools and data-tie fordata storage and processing The middle-tie can be furtherdivided into b-tie and application-tie The application-tieis composed of Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) to deal withimplementation of specific task The user can be the oneaccessed from internet or EJB And the b server is thegateway to access the system for user through the internetThis structure not only provides the distributed applicationenvironment but also completes the cross-platform functionThe firewall performs the encryption and verification

Therefore the teaching and experiment system in thispaper is designed with Java Server Pages (JSP) which is a newdynamic webpage standard introduced by SunMicrosystemsin June 1999 JSP is a b development technology based on JavaServlet and Java groups which is an extension of Servlet 21

APIWith this advanced technology the dynamicwebsite canbe built with security and cross-platform functions

The structure of JSP is similar to ASP However ASPis only applied in Windows NT2000 On the other handJSP can be directly applied in most b servers without anymodification to meet the idea of Java - ldquowrite once runanywhererdquo

Java2 platform enterprise edition is a structure for enter-prise applications developed by Sun This structure has beensupported by many software providers and has becomethe main product of enterprise application JSP is a keycomponent on the platform of J2EE JSP and ASP bothare based on the Web development technology for dynamicweb pages These two techniques can also provide softwarecompiled function for designers and make the webpageseparated logically In addition they both can provide moreconvenient and simpler development of website than CGI

5 Experimental Results

The processing flow of the experimental signals is shown inFigure 8 The details of transducers in the signal block aredescribed in Figures 9 10 11 12 and 13 The DAQ card isshown in Figure 14

When the student starts the client system heshe canchoose English or Chinese interface and the title screen isshown as in Figure 15 After the title screen the pop-upmenuwill appear as shown in Figure 16 The student can chooseexperimental unit and subunit according to hisher experi-mental purpose in Figure 16 For example a student chosethe induction motor unit then heshe could get the subunitthree-phase induction motor load test as shown in Figure 17The screen in Figure 17 can be divided into three windowsThe left window expresses the content of the experimentincluding purpose principle instrument equipment specialnote operation procedure and result recording The rightupper window shows the automated measured experimentaldata The right bottom window shows the wiring diagramof the chosen experiment After the students select (click)the test button in Figure 17 the measurement model will begotten as shown in Figures 18 and 19

Another case is the three-phase synchronous motor v-curve test shown in Figures 16 and 21 They show nonload12 full load and full load V-curves and inverse V-curves ofthe three-phase synchronous motor

As can be seen in Figures 18 19 20 and 21 the smallerleft-up window of the screen shows the automated measuredexperimental data The left-down window shows the curvesaccording to what has been chosen which was describedin the right bottom window (the differences between themas shown in Figure 18 to Figure 21) In the meantime theexperimental data is resaved as an access table which includesthe calculated value by student The access file can beuploaded to the host server system through the b-basedinterface as shown in Figure 22

The host sever compares the automated computationaldata with the upload data which was calculated by thestudent The verification results reply to the client system


Figure 18 The measurement model 1 (speed versus current porfactor torque etc)

Figure 19 The measurement model 2 (por versus efficiency)

Figure 20 The V-curves (load current versus field current on thesame graph to the same scale)

Figure 21 The inverse V-curves (por factor versus field current onthe same graph to the same scale)

Figure 22 The b-base upload interface

Figure 23 The experimental check screen

immediately The b screen showed the comparisons betweenthe automated computation data and the calculated dataFigure 23 showed the experimental check screen


6 Conclusions

An educational platform for undergraduate student in elec-tric machines is developed in this paper The goal of theproject is to provide a real-time system which possessesautomatic data acquisition measurement analysis and real-time verification and instructional comment for experimentto electricmachines laboratoryThe advantages of this systemmake the student more familiar with theory and practice inspecific content of electrical machines course Besides theinstructor could efficiently and rapidly evaluate the studentrsquosexperimental results and reply to the comment immediately

Conflict of Interests

The author declares that there is no conflict of interestsregarding the publication of this paper

References

[1] A Keyhani and S Hao ldquoMicrocomputer-aided data acquisitionsystem for laboratory testing of transformers and electricalmachinesrdquo IEEE Transactions on Power Systems vol 3 no 3pp 1328ndash1334 1988

[2] D G Kasten ldquoIntegrating computerized data acquisition andanalysis into an undergraduate electric machines laboratoryrdquoin Proceedings of the 30th ASEEIEEE Frontiers in EducationConference pp 13ndash17 Kansas City Mo USA 2000

[3] F S Sellschopp A Marco and L Arjona ldquoAn automatedsystem for frequency response analysis with application toan undergraduate laboratory of electrical machinesrdquo IEEETransactions on Education vol 47 no 1 pp 57ndash64 2004

[4] L Shuhui and R Challoo ldquoRestructuring an electric machinerycourse with an integrative approach and computer-assistedteaching methodologyrdquo IEEE Transactions on Education vol49 no 1 pp 16ndash28 2006

[5] Y C Chin ldquoThe computer-aided system for electric machinerylabrdquo in Proceedings of the UICEE Annual Conference on Engi-neering Education pp 183ndash185 Queensland Australia 2003

[6] Advantech Data Acquisition Card (PCL-818) Advantech Co2007

[7] S J Chapman Electric Machinery Fundamental McGraw-Hill5nd edition 2010

[8] ldquoIEEE standard definitions for the measurement of electricpower quantities under sinusoidal nonsinusoidal balanced orunbalanced conditionsrdquo IEEE Std 1459-2010 IEEE Standard2010

[9] ldquoElectromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)mdashPart 4-30 Testingand Measurement TechniquesmdashPower Quality MeasurementMethodsrdquo IEC Std 61000-4-30 2008

[10] MH J Bollen and I YHGu Signal Processing of PowerQualityDisturbances John Wiley amp Sons 2006

[11] F Martin Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture Addi-son-Wesley 2002

[12] W W Eckerson ldquoThree Tier clientserver architecture achiev-ing scalability performance and efficiency in client server app-licationsrdquo Open Information Systems vol 10 no 1 1995

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Hindawi Publishing Corporationhttpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014

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Algebra

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Figure 1 The practical instrument of one experimental set

The seven achievements are

(1) innovative and powerful database interconnectiontechnology with high feasibility

(2) practical data acquisition technology(3) highly portable recording technology(4) novel characteristic drawing technology without the

drawing orders(5) practical network database technology in production

office and study(6) innovative network data comparing and error auto-

matic distinguishing technology(7) smart technology to automatically adjust the param-

eters of the network practice

The eight functions of the online real-time electricmachineryexperimental system are

(1) automatic measurement computer-based data acqui-sition interface

(2) automatic recording it is convenient and portable forstudents to save the data

(3) characteristic curve drawing users can draw thecharacteristic figures by setting some variables

(4) online practice the network system can verify thecorrectness automatically

(5) online handover the network system can identify ifthe homework is handed

(6) online inquiring function for teachers teacherscan recognize students homework and examinationresults automatically

(7) online library it provides the online E-books forstudents to read and survey

(8) online smart questioning system it can adjust thedifficulty of the examination and grade automatically

In addition to the automatic measurement and recordingfunctions other education organizations without the auto-matic measuring interface can also use this system They canuse many functions such as automatic saving characteristiccurve drawing and online homework handover by import-ing the experimental data obtained with the traditionalwiring into this system

2 Laboratory Setup and System Architecture

The main equipment of laboratory includes the traditionalunits as follows transformers DC machines three-phasesynchronousmachines single phase inductionmotors three-phase induction motors and so forth Additional equipmentis por modules digit meters starters synchronous lampsload resistor banks and field rheostats In the proposed sys-tem wemust have the other equipment including voltage andcurrent transducers torque generator and speed generator tocombine with DAQ card and PC

The laboratory experiment may consist of many exper-imental sets The practical instrument of one experimentalset can be seen in Figure 1 Each set equips transformerinduction motor synchronous machine DC machine signalconditioner AD converter and PC with interface card Theoverall view of the system architecture is shown in Figure 2[5]

First the system must calculate the measurement datagrabbed at voltage signal and a current signal at an instantthrough the data acquisition card (PCL-818) [6] Then thevarious handwritten data can be record and save in Accessdatabase Make use of the concert of the database and ASP toupload to the host server systemThe host sever compares theautomated computational data with the upload data whichwas calculated by the studentThe verification results reply tothe client system immediately

In the laboratory experiments students have to assemblethe circuit connect the necessary instrument make themeasurements and essential computations compare the datato the expected behavior and input the computational datato PC The initial experimental signal should be processedthrough signals conditioner and DAQ card (PCL-818) sothat the converted experimental data can be transmitted topersonal computer and keep a record in client PC Afterthat students input their computational data and submitboth of the data including recorded measuring data indatabase and inputted computational data to host server viainterface cardThe integrated online system will compute therecorded measuring data automatically so that the systemcould compare the automated computational data to anotherdata which are inputted and computed by students lately

3 Parameters Determining

The equivalent circuits of electric machines are very usefultool for determining the electric machinesrsquo response to


Experiment set N




















NET

Host PC (server)






10038161003816100381610038161198841198641003816100381610038161003816 =119868OC119881OC (1)


PF = cos 120579 =119875OC119881OC119868OC (2)

++

minusminus

IP

VP RC

jXeq

jXM

Req ISa

aVS


Wattmeter

V

A

Transformer

+

minus

(t)

ip(t)

p(t)



120579 = cosminus1119875OC119881OC119868OC (3)


Wattmeter

V

Transformer

A

(t)

ip(t)

+

minus

p(t)

is(t)


Transformer

DC generator

Inductionmachine

Main menu



motor generator


motorSynchronous

motorSynchronous

generator DC motor




Ok

End

Yes


Test again No


Web serverServlet

JSPHTML

XML

Application server

JSP

HTML


Client application

Firewall

Clientbrowser

Clientbrowser


(Inside)

(Outside)



Signals conditioner

Voltage signals


Host PC (server)

Torque signal

Speed signal

Current signals

CN1 CN2

PCL-818


+

+

+

_

V+

V+

Vminus

Vminus

V+

Vminus

Signal in

Signal in

Signal out

minus

minus

C1 C2 C3

R1 R2

R3 R4

C4 C5 C6

C7

C8

R5

R6

C9

C10

C11

C12

R7

R8

R10

R9

C13

C14



119884119864=119868OC119881OCang minus 120579 =


119862minus 119895119861119872

=1

119877119862

minus 1198951

119883119872

(4)


1003816100381610038161003816119885SE1003816100381610038161003816 =119881SC119868SC (5)


PF = cos 120579 =119875SC119881SC119868SC (6)


120579 = cosminus1119875SC119881SC119868SC (7)




+

Signal in

Signal inSignal out

Hall-sensor

R1

minus

V+

Vminus

C1

C2

VR1

VR2

VR3



Clock out

(a)


Voltage out

(b)


+

minus DIF

CHA

CHB

500 V

100 V

10 V

+

minus DIF

500 V

100 V

10 V

10 V

25 V

10 V

25 V

A

B


100 kΩ times 1

100 120583F times2

N4001 times 4

Figure 13 Rectifier


119894is the


119894is the


119868 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119868119894)2

119881 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894)2

119878119894= radic3119881119868

119876119894= radic31

119899

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894) (119868119894)

119875119894= radic(119878

119894)2minus (119876119894)2

(9)





Addressdecoder

Status

Data buffer

DMA logic

IRQ logic

Register

Select

PC b

us

Data mux

12 bit ADconverter

Sampleand hold

Gainswitch

Prog GainAmplifier

ChannelScan Logic

Logic

RAM

Trig

16 bitDig out

16 bitDig in

MUX16 SE

or8 DIFF

Counter number 1

Counter number 2

Counter number 0



LCLREMcontrol

10 MHZOSC

10

10

100 MHz

1 MHz

10 MHzIn

InOut

Out

Internal data bus

CTR0 CLKCTR0 gate

CLK1

CLK2

Out1

Out2

DA 0

DA 1

CTR0 out8254

EOC

Digitaloutput

Digitalinput

Analoginput




































6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










Experiment set N




















NET

Host PC (server)






10038161003816100381610038161198841198641003816100381610038161003816 =119868OC119881OC (1)


PF = cos 120579 =119875OC119881OC119868OC (2)

++

minusminus

IP

VP RC

jXeq

jXM

Req ISa

aVS


Wattmeter

V

A

Transformer

+

minus

(t)

ip(t)

p(t)



120579 = cosminus1119875OC119881OC119868OC (3)


Wattmeter

V

Transformer

A

(t)

ip(t)

+

minus

p(t)

is(t)


Transformer

DC generator

Inductionmachine

Main menu



motor generator


motorSynchronous

motorSynchronous

generator DC motor




Ok

End

Yes


Test again No


Web serverServlet

JSPHTML

XML

Application server

JSP

HTML


Client application

Firewall

Clientbrowser

Clientbrowser


(Inside)

(Outside)



Signals conditioner

Voltage signals


Host PC (server)

Torque signal

Speed signal

Current signals

CN1 CN2

PCL-818


+

+

+

_

V+

V+

Vminus

Vminus

V+

Vminus

Signal in

Signal in

Signal out

minus

minus

C1 C2 C3

R1 R2

R3 R4

C4 C5 C6

C7

C8

R5

R6

C9

C10

C11

C12

R7

R8

R10

R9

C13

C14



119884119864=119868OC119881OCang minus 120579 =


119862minus 119895119861119872

=1

119877119862

minus 1198951

119883119872

(4)


1003816100381610038161003816119885SE1003816100381610038161003816 =119881SC119868SC (5)


PF = cos 120579 =119875SC119881SC119868SC (6)


120579 = cosminus1119875SC119881SC119868SC (7)




+

Signal in

Signal inSignal out

Hall-sensor

R1

minus

V+

Vminus

C1

C2

VR1

VR2

VR3



Clock out

(a)


Voltage out

(b)


+

minus DIF

CHA

CHB

500 V

100 V

10 V

+

minus DIF

500 V

100 V

10 V

10 V

25 V

10 V

25 V

A

B


100 kΩ times 1

100 120583F times2

N4001 times 4

Figure 13 Rectifier


119894is the


119894is the


119868 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119868119894)2

119881 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894)2

119878119894= radic3119881119868

119876119894= radic31

119899

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894) (119868119894)

119875119894= radic(119878

119894)2minus (119876119894)2

(9)





Addressdecoder

Status

Data buffer

DMA logic

IRQ logic

Register

Select

PC b

us

Data mux

12 bit ADconverter

Sampleand hold

Gainswitch

Prog GainAmplifier

ChannelScan Logic

Logic

RAM

Trig

16 bitDig out

16 bitDig in

MUX16 SE

or8 DIFF

Counter number 1

Counter number 2

Counter number 0



LCLREMcontrol

10 MHZOSC

10

10

100 MHz

1 MHz

10 MHzIn

InOut

Out

Internal data bus

CTR0 CLKCTR0 gate

CLK1

CLK2

Out1

Out2

DA 0

DA 1

CTR0 out8254

EOC

Digitaloutput

Digitalinput

Analoginput




































6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










Wattmeter

V

Transformer

A

(t)

ip(t)

+

minus

p(t)

is(t)


Transformer

DC generator

Inductionmachine

Main menu



motor generator


motorSynchronous

motorSynchronous

generator DC motor




Ok

End

Yes


Test again No


Web serverServlet

JSPHTML

XML

Application server

JSP

HTML


Client application

Firewall

Clientbrowser

Clientbrowser


(Inside)

(Outside)



Signals conditioner

Voltage signals


Host PC (server)

Torque signal

Speed signal

Current signals

CN1 CN2

PCL-818


+

+

+

_

V+

V+

Vminus

Vminus

V+

Vminus

Signal in

Signal in

Signal out

minus

minus

C1 C2 C3

R1 R2

R3 R4

C4 C5 C6

C7

C8

R5

R6

C9

C10

C11

C12

R7

R8

R10

R9

C13

C14



119884119864=119868OC119881OCang minus 120579 =


119862minus 119895119861119872

=1

119877119862

minus 1198951

119883119872

(4)


1003816100381610038161003816119885SE1003816100381610038161003816 =119881SC119868SC (5)


PF = cos 120579 =119875SC119881SC119868SC (6)


120579 = cosminus1119875SC119881SC119868SC (7)




+

Signal in

Signal inSignal out

Hall-sensor

R1

minus

V+

Vminus

C1

C2

VR1

VR2

VR3



Clock out

(a)


Voltage out

(b)


+

minus DIF

CHA

CHB

500 V

100 V

10 V

+

minus DIF

500 V

100 V

10 V

10 V

25 V

10 V

25 V

A

B


100 kΩ times 1

100 120583F times2

N4001 times 4

Figure 13 Rectifier


119894is the


119894is the


119868 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119868119894)2

119881 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894)2

119878119894= radic3119881119868

119876119894= radic31

119899

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894) (119868119894)

119875119894= radic(119878

119894)2minus (119876119894)2

(9)





Addressdecoder

Status

Data buffer

DMA logic

IRQ logic

Register

Select

PC b

us

Data mux

12 bit ADconverter

Sampleand hold

Gainswitch

Prog GainAmplifier

ChannelScan Logic

Logic

RAM

Trig

16 bitDig out

16 bitDig in

MUX16 SE

or8 DIFF

Counter number 1

Counter number 2

Counter number 0



LCLREMcontrol

10 MHZOSC

10

10

100 MHz

1 MHz

10 MHzIn

InOut

Out

Internal data bus

CTR0 CLKCTR0 gate

CLK1

CLK2

Out1

Out2

DA 0

DA 1

CTR0 out8254

EOC

Digitaloutput

Digitalinput

Analoginput




































6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










Signals conditioner

Voltage signals


Host PC (server)

Torque signal

Speed signal

Current signals

CN1 CN2

PCL-818


+

+

+

_

V+

V+

Vminus

Vminus

V+

Vminus

Signal in

Signal in

Signal out

minus

minus

C1 C2 C3

R1 R2

R3 R4

C4 C5 C6

C7

C8

R5

R6

C9

C10

C11

C12

R7

R8

R10

R9

C13

C14



119884119864=119868OC119881OCang minus 120579 =


119862minus 119895119861119872

=1

119877119862

minus 1198951

119883119872

(4)


1003816100381610038161003816119885SE1003816100381610038161003816 =119881SC119868SC (5)


PF = cos 120579 =119875SC119881SC119868SC (6)


120579 = cosminus1119875SC119881SC119868SC (7)




+

Signal in

Signal inSignal out

Hall-sensor

R1

minus

V+

Vminus

C1

C2

VR1

VR2

VR3



Clock out

(a)


Voltage out

(b)


+

minus DIF

CHA

CHB

500 V

100 V

10 V

+

minus DIF

500 V

100 V

10 V

10 V

25 V

10 V

25 V

A

B


100 kΩ times 1

100 120583F times2

N4001 times 4

Figure 13 Rectifier


119894is the


119894is the


119868 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119868119894)2

119881 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894)2

119878119894= radic3119881119868

119876119894= radic31

119899

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894) (119868119894)

119875119894= radic(119878

119894)2minus (119876119894)2

(9)





Addressdecoder

Status

Data buffer

DMA logic

IRQ logic

Register

Select

PC b

us

Data mux

12 bit ADconverter

Sampleand hold

Gainswitch

Prog GainAmplifier

ChannelScan Logic

Logic

RAM

Trig

16 bitDig out

16 bitDig in

MUX16 SE

or8 DIFF

Counter number 1

Counter number 2

Counter number 0



LCLREMcontrol

10 MHZOSC

10

10

100 MHz

1 MHz

10 MHzIn

InOut

Out

Internal data bus

CTR0 CLKCTR0 gate

CLK1

CLK2

Out1

Out2

DA 0

DA 1

CTR0 out8254

EOC

Digitaloutput

Digitalinput

Analoginput




































6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










+

Signal in

Signal inSignal out

Hall-sensor

R1

minus

V+

Vminus

C1

C2

VR1

VR2

VR3



Clock out

(a)


Voltage out

(b)


+

minus DIF

CHA

CHB

500 V

100 V

10 V

+

minus DIF

500 V

100 V

10 V

10 V

25 V

10 V

25 V

A

B


100 kΩ times 1

100 120583F times2

N4001 times 4

Figure 13 Rectifier


119894is the


119894is the


119868 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119868119894)2

119881 = radic(1

119899)

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894)2

119878119894= radic3119881119868

119876119894= radic31

119899

119899

sum

119894=1

(119881119894) (119868119894)

119875119894= radic(119878

119894)2minus (119876119894)2

(9)





Addressdecoder

Status

Data buffer

DMA logic

IRQ logic

Register

Select

PC b

us

Data mux

12 bit ADconverter

Sampleand hold

Gainswitch

Prog GainAmplifier

ChannelScan Logic

Logic

RAM

Trig

16 bitDig out

16 bitDig in

MUX16 SE

or8 DIFF

Counter number 1

Counter number 2

Counter number 0



LCLREMcontrol

10 MHZOSC

10

10

100 MHz

1 MHz

10 MHzIn

InOut

Out

Internal data bus

CTR0 CLKCTR0 gate

CLK1

CLK2

Out1

Out2

DA 0

DA 1

CTR0 out8254

EOC

Digitaloutput

Digitalinput

Analoginput




































6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










Addressdecoder

Status

Data buffer

DMA logic

IRQ logic

Register

Select

PC b

us

Data mux

12 bit ADconverter

Sampleand hold

Gainswitch

Prog GainAmplifier

ChannelScan Logic

Logic

RAM

Trig

16 bitDig out

16 bitDig in

MUX16 SE

or8 DIFF

Counter number 1

Counter number 2

Counter number 0



LCLREMcontrol

10 MHZOSC

10

10

100 MHz

1 MHz

10 MHzIn

InOut

Out

Internal data bus

CTR0 CLKCTR0 gate

CLK1

CLK2

Out1

Out2

DA 0

DA 1

CTR0 out8254

EOC

Digitaloutput

Digitalinput

Analoginput




































6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra




































6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra


















6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra










6 Conclusions




References




















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra
















Volume 2014




Journal of











Journal of


Function Spaces






Algebra









Documents

Research Article Development of Educational Platform for