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1 INTRODUCTION
Purpose and need of electric-bike
Economic conditions around the world have been very encouraging
Global growth which as 48 in 2005 reached 49 in 2006 and is expected to hover
around this level in the current year alsoWhile the Chinese economy is growing at around
10 without any signs of slow down the Indian economy is also continuing to grow at
more than 8 In the coming years I am expecting that the Indian economy will be
booming owing to the heavy demand on infrastructure Energy sector is growing by leaps
and bounds as it is receiving the highest attention of both the State Governments and
Central Government
India has moved from an agrarian economy to a manufacturing
economy The manufacturing sector now contributes around one-fourth of the total GDP
and the industrial output has now crossed USD 65 Billion in value
Global steel production is continuing its growth and the production in 2006 crossed 12
billion ton mark In spite of some control measures adopted by Chinese Government the
crude steel registered an impressive growth and has crossed 450 million tons India is also
witnessing a huge growth in steel production and it is expected that steel industry will
continue to grow by more than 12 per annum
Sustainable economic growth of India as well as rest of the world will
depend on effective energy planning Nearly 40 of the worldrsquos energy comes from
petroleum Natural gas contributes to another 20 and these two natural resources account
for 60 of the worldrsquos energy The growth in consumption of oil and natural gas in the past
has been such that the consumption has been doubling every 15 years This trend is likely
to continue and will lead to complete depletion of natural resources in next 30 years
It is significant to note that more than 20 of the worldrsquos total primary energy is
consumed in transportation There are more than 410 million cars currently in the world
and in another 20 years the automobile population will reach one billion mark It is also
significant to note that after 1970 the new oil discoveries have been very few and any new
discoveries will not make any significant contribution to the worldrsquos energy pool
Transportation sector which consumes a large share of energy resource of the
country also contributes significantly towards pollution We at Electrotherm have made it
our mission to provide vehicles which are emission free which do not use petroleum
products and which are inexpensive to acquire and operate Our launch of battery operated
YoBykes has been highly successful and Electrotherm is now developing several new
vehicles for the Indian market Our launch in India has developed interest for our vehicles
for international market also and in the future we will be exporting these vehicles to other
countries Electrotherm will continue to provide leadership in this segment by delivering
innovative cost effective practical and environmental friendly electric vehicles
Economic and environmental forces are frequently pitted against each
other and many a times the financial cost of environmentally friendly technologies and
goods is so high that one has to strike a balance or look for Government subsidies Our
Electric Vehicles are unique in this aspect as they are not only economical but also
environment friendly You will be pleased to note that the ldquo2007 Overdrive Automotive
Product of the Yearrdquo award was given to Yo-Bykes of Electrotherm
2
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
Objectives Of The Study
The objectives set for the study are ndash
To find out the awareness of consumer about the electric bike in Raipur city
To find out the reason why consumer refers to electric bike
To find out the factor influencing the sales of electric bike
What are the post purchase experiences of electric bike consumer
To find out the market share of different manufacturing Companies dealing in electric bike
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The success of any event heavily depends upon the way chosen for its execution This includes ensures of some basic question to the specific focus on constraints as well In other words they can call the methodology as the backbone of any research It also includes research or study method Thus when they talk of methodology they not only talk of methodology they not talk of methods but also consider the logic behind the methods they use in the context of their study objective and explain way use are using them so that study results are capable of being evaluated logically
Statement Of Problem
ldquoA study various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike - A study in Raipur City rdquo
Purpose Of The Study The purpose is to study the perception of buyer and user towards Electric-bike in Raipur city
Population
Population refers to the total of items about which information is desire The attributes that are the object of study are referred to as characteristics and the units possessing them are called as elementary units The aggregate of such units is generally described as
3
population Thus all the units in any field of inquiry constitute universe and all elementary units constitute population
The population can be finite and in finite the population is said to be finite if it is consist of a fixed number of elements so that it is possible to enumerate it in its totality An infinite population is which it is theoretically impossible to observe all the elementsThe population is specific group of people firms conditions activities etc which forms the pivotal of research for developing and using a sample it become primary duty of a researcher to define the population from which to draw the sample
Population ndash To achieve the objective the city of Raipur was selected
Sample
The sample is the representative unit of population The researcher has taken the consumer as sample for this research Since in this research the researcher has collected the sample according to his own convenience So the sample is stratified proportionate sample and the sample size of the research is 30
This refers to number of items to be selected from the universe to constitute a sample The size of the sample should neither be excessively large nor too small It should be optimum An optimum sample size is one which fulfills the requirement of efficiency representativeness reliability and flexibility
Sampling Method
In this research the stratified proportionate Sampling Method has been used In this method the population is divided into several sub-populations that are individually more homogenous than the total population(the different sub population are called ldquostratardquo) and then we select items from each stratum to constitute a sample In other words under this sampling the organizers of the inquiry purposively choose the particulars unit of the universe for constituting a sample on the basis that the small mass that they so select out of a huge one will be typical or representative of the whole
Here the total population ie the total number of consumer in raipur region is 300 it is divided in the following four stratas 1 Working womenhelliphelliphellip = 902 Working menhelliphelliphelliphellip = 303 College going girlshelliphellip = 1304 College going boyshelliphellip = 50
Thus for strata with N=90 We have p = 90300 =030And hence n =030 30 = 9
Similarly for strata with N = 30 we have p = 30300 = 010And hence n = 010 30 = 3
And for strata with N = 130 we have p = 130300Hence n = 043 30 =13
4
And for strata with N = 50 we have p = 50300 = 016Hence n = 016 30 = 5
Sample Plan
Sample Unit 4
Sample Size 30
Geographical area covered Raipur
Sample ratio 110
Data Collection
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has defined Researcher should keep in mind two types of data primary data and secondary data The primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus happen to be original in character The secondary data on the other hand are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process
Both primary data and secondary data were used in accomplishment of objective of the research
27 Questionnaire
The term questionnaire refers to a self-administered process whereby the respondent himselfherself reads the questions and records hisher answers without assistance of an interviewer Although the instrument is essentially question asking and data gathering tool A questionnaire is more structured and standardized The questionnaire consists of a number of questions printed or typed in a definite order on a form or a set of forms This method of data collection is quite popular in case of big enquiries
29 Delimitation
There is some specific delimitation in the study they are-
1 The generalization of data is subjective to the population of Raipur city
2 The generalization of finding is subject to the accuracy of data provided by the respondents
5
LITERATURE REVIEW
companyrsquos vision of electric-bike
COMPANYrsquoS VISION
VisionA world class engineering major catering to manufacturing and metallurgical sector along with leadership in electric vehicles
Core Valuesbull Business ethicsbull Customer Focusbull Professional pridebull Mutual Respectbull Speed and innovationbull Excellence in manufacturingbull Total quality
Corporate MissionDevelop and provide reliable metallurgical equipment products and services at competitive pricesintegrating best manufacturing practices and providing innovative and eco friendly technologies andproducts for the benefit of the society
Corporate Objectives
1048707 Business Portfolio Growtho To further consolidate Electrotherm position as a leading supplier of metallurgical equipment in national and international marketo To grow its engineering capabilities by providing turnkey solutions to the customers and implement projects from concept to full commercializationo To diversify across the electric vehicle business to become a leading player in battery operated vehicles in the countryo To establish a strong product and services brand in the domestic and international market
1048707 Customer Focuso To develop a special relationship with customers to ensure not only customer delight but customer successo To expand the relationship with existing customers by offering additional services in engineering energy conservation strategies environment protection technologies and best operating practiceso To expand the customer base by providing them with newer products
6
o To use customer feedback for design improvement and new product development
1048707 Dynamic Corporationo To develop an agile and effective organization which adopts and adapts to thechanges in business environment by continuously assessing the opportunities andencashing them and evaluating the threats to mitigate themo To develop a learning organization having technology based competitive edge incurrent businesses and future initiatives21st Annual Report for the year ending March 312007
1048707 Performanceo To continuously improve the performance with emphasis on cycle time reduction andcost control in order to sustain long term competitivenesso To improve on project execution time and cost to ensure long term viabilityo To operate and maintain the manufacturing facilities at par with the best-runengineering and metallurgical companies in the world with respect to productivityequipment availability operational reliability and product qualityo To achieve quality by embedding the best practices in all systems and processes
1048707 Human Resource Developmento To enhance commitment of employees by rewarding and recognizing superiorperformanceo To imbibe a culture of team building innovation empowerment and openness inorder to align all individuals towards the companyrsquos goalso To build and sustain a learning organization of competent world class engineers andprofessionals
1048707 Financial Soundnesso To continuously strive to reduce cost of capital through prudent deployment offundso To develop sound commercial policies which ensure reasonable returns andremuneration
1048707 Environment Protectiono To contribute to reduction in global warming and pollution by encouraging anddeveloping environmental friendly technologies and productso To become a lead player in developing electric and hybrid electric vehicles which notonly lead to cleaner cities but also will reduce consumption of liquid fuel which islargely imported by the country
1048707 Research amp Developmento To continue efforts in developing cost effective reliable and efficient technologies forIndian and overseas customerso To pass on the benefit of Research amp Development to the customerso To carry out research in development of alternate fuels and technologies
7
Profile of electrotherm which is major manufacturers of electric bike
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr Mukesh Bhandari Chairman
Mr Shailesh Bhandari Managing
Director
Mr Harish Sharma Whole Time
Director
Mr Narendra Dalal Whole Time
Director
Mr Avinash Bhandari Whole Time
Director
Mr Naveen Nakra Director
Mr Nilesh Desai Director
Mr Madhusudan Somani Director
Mr Ram Singh Director
Brig Pradeep Krishna Prasad Director
13 What is electric-bike
Y0-BYKE runs on Battery and is the most economical two-wheeler in the world Cheapest to buy cheapest to run and cheapest to maintain I have extensively tested model Y0-SMART and I am very happy with it and highly satisfied I have driven it double seat (120 kg) and it climbed a 20 degree slope double seat On the steep slope the speed
8
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
It is significant to note that more than 20 of the worldrsquos total primary energy is
consumed in transportation There are more than 410 million cars currently in the world
and in another 20 years the automobile population will reach one billion mark It is also
significant to note that after 1970 the new oil discoveries have been very few and any new
discoveries will not make any significant contribution to the worldrsquos energy pool
Transportation sector which consumes a large share of energy resource of the
country also contributes significantly towards pollution We at Electrotherm have made it
our mission to provide vehicles which are emission free which do not use petroleum
products and which are inexpensive to acquire and operate Our launch of battery operated
YoBykes has been highly successful and Electrotherm is now developing several new
vehicles for the Indian market Our launch in India has developed interest for our vehicles
for international market also and in the future we will be exporting these vehicles to other
countries Electrotherm will continue to provide leadership in this segment by delivering
innovative cost effective practical and environmental friendly electric vehicles
Economic and environmental forces are frequently pitted against each
other and many a times the financial cost of environmentally friendly technologies and
goods is so high that one has to strike a balance or look for Government subsidies Our
Electric Vehicles are unique in this aspect as they are not only economical but also
environment friendly You will be pleased to note that the ldquo2007 Overdrive Automotive
Product of the Yearrdquo award was given to Yo-Bykes of Electrotherm
2
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
Objectives Of The Study
The objectives set for the study are ndash
To find out the awareness of consumer about the electric bike in Raipur city
To find out the reason why consumer refers to electric bike
To find out the factor influencing the sales of electric bike
What are the post purchase experiences of electric bike consumer
To find out the market share of different manufacturing Companies dealing in electric bike
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The success of any event heavily depends upon the way chosen for its execution This includes ensures of some basic question to the specific focus on constraints as well In other words they can call the methodology as the backbone of any research It also includes research or study method Thus when they talk of methodology they not only talk of methodology they not talk of methods but also consider the logic behind the methods they use in the context of their study objective and explain way use are using them so that study results are capable of being evaluated logically
Statement Of Problem
ldquoA study various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike - A study in Raipur City rdquo
Purpose Of The Study The purpose is to study the perception of buyer and user towards Electric-bike in Raipur city
Population
Population refers to the total of items about which information is desire The attributes that are the object of study are referred to as characteristics and the units possessing them are called as elementary units The aggregate of such units is generally described as
3
population Thus all the units in any field of inquiry constitute universe and all elementary units constitute population
The population can be finite and in finite the population is said to be finite if it is consist of a fixed number of elements so that it is possible to enumerate it in its totality An infinite population is which it is theoretically impossible to observe all the elementsThe population is specific group of people firms conditions activities etc which forms the pivotal of research for developing and using a sample it become primary duty of a researcher to define the population from which to draw the sample
Population ndash To achieve the objective the city of Raipur was selected
Sample
The sample is the representative unit of population The researcher has taken the consumer as sample for this research Since in this research the researcher has collected the sample according to his own convenience So the sample is stratified proportionate sample and the sample size of the research is 30
This refers to number of items to be selected from the universe to constitute a sample The size of the sample should neither be excessively large nor too small It should be optimum An optimum sample size is one which fulfills the requirement of efficiency representativeness reliability and flexibility
Sampling Method
In this research the stratified proportionate Sampling Method has been used In this method the population is divided into several sub-populations that are individually more homogenous than the total population(the different sub population are called ldquostratardquo) and then we select items from each stratum to constitute a sample In other words under this sampling the organizers of the inquiry purposively choose the particulars unit of the universe for constituting a sample on the basis that the small mass that they so select out of a huge one will be typical or representative of the whole
Here the total population ie the total number of consumer in raipur region is 300 it is divided in the following four stratas 1 Working womenhelliphelliphellip = 902 Working menhelliphelliphelliphellip = 303 College going girlshelliphellip = 1304 College going boyshelliphellip = 50
Thus for strata with N=90 We have p = 90300 =030And hence n =030 30 = 9
Similarly for strata with N = 30 we have p = 30300 = 010And hence n = 010 30 = 3
And for strata with N = 130 we have p = 130300Hence n = 043 30 =13
4
And for strata with N = 50 we have p = 50300 = 016Hence n = 016 30 = 5
Sample Plan
Sample Unit 4
Sample Size 30
Geographical area covered Raipur
Sample ratio 110
Data Collection
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has defined Researcher should keep in mind two types of data primary data and secondary data The primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus happen to be original in character The secondary data on the other hand are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process
Both primary data and secondary data were used in accomplishment of objective of the research
27 Questionnaire
The term questionnaire refers to a self-administered process whereby the respondent himselfherself reads the questions and records hisher answers without assistance of an interviewer Although the instrument is essentially question asking and data gathering tool A questionnaire is more structured and standardized The questionnaire consists of a number of questions printed or typed in a definite order on a form or a set of forms This method of data collection is quite popular in case of big enquiries
29 Delimitation
There is some specific delimitation in the study they are-
1 The generalization of data is subjective to the population of Raipur city
2 The generalization of finding is subject to the accuracy of data provided by the respondents
5
LITERATURE REVIEW
companyrsquos vision of electric-bike
COMPANYrsquoS VISION
VisionA world class engineering major catering to manufacturing and metallurgical sector along with leadership in electric vehicles
Core Valuesbull Business ethicsbull Customer Focusbull Professional pridebull Mutual Respectbull Speed and innovationbull Excellence in manufacturingbull Total quality
Corporate MissionDevelop and provide reliable metallurgical equipment products and services at competitive pricesintegrating best manufacturing practices and providing innovative and eco friendly technologies andproducts for the benefit of the society
Corporate Objectives
1048707 Business Portfolio Growtho To further consolidate Electrotherm position as a leading supplier of metallurgical equipment in national and international marketo To grow its engineering capabilities by providing turnkey solutions to the customers and implement projects from concept to full commercializationo To diversify across the electric vehicle business to become a leading player in battery operated vehicles in the countryo To establish a strong product and services brand in the domestic and international market
1048707 Customer Focuso To develop a special relationship with customers to ensure not only customer delight but customer successo To expand the relationship with existing customers by offering additional services in engineering energy conservation strategies environment protection technologies and best operating practiceso To expand the customer base by providing them with newer products
6
o To use customer feedback for design improvement and new product development
1048707 Dynamic Corporationo To develop an agile and effective organization which adopts and adapts to thechanges in business environment by continuously assessing the opportunities andencashing them and evaluating the threats to mitigate themo To develop a learning organization having technology based competitive edge incurrent businesses and future initiatives21st Annual Report for the year ending March 312007
1048707 Performanceo To continuously improve the performance with emphasis on cycle time reduction andcost control in order to sustain long term competitivenesso To improve on project execution time and cost to ensure long term viabilityo To operate and maintain the manufacturing facilities at par with the best-runengineering and metallurgical companies in the world with respect to productivityequipment availability operational reliability and product qualityo To achieve quality by embedding the best practices in all systems and processes
1048707 Human Resource Developmento To enhance commitment of employees by rewarding and recognizing superiorperformanceo To imbibe a culture of team building innovation empowerment and openness inorder to align all individuals towards the companyrsquos goalso To build and sustain a learning organization of competent world class engineers andprofessionals
1048707 Financial Soundnesso To continuously strive to reduce cost of capital through prudent deployment offundso To develop sound commercial policies which ensure reasonable returns andremuneration
1048707 Environment Protectiono To contribute to reduction in global warming and pollution by encouraging anddeveloping environmental friendly technologies and productso To become a lead player in developing electric and hybrid electric vehicles which notonly lead to cleaner cities but also will reduce consumption of liquid fuel which islargely imported by the country
1048707 Research amp Developmento To continue efforts in developing cost effective reliable and efficient technologies forIndian and overseas customerso To pass on the benefit of Research amp Development to the customerso To carry out research in development of alternate fuels and technologies
7
Profile of electrotherm which is major manufacturers of electric bike
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr Mukesh Bhandari Chairman
Mr Shailesh Bhandari Managing
Director
Mr Harish Sharma Whole Time
Director
Mr Narendra Dalal Whole Time
Director
Mr Avinash Bhandari Whole Time
Director
Mr Naveen Nakra Director
Mr Nilesh Desai Director
Mr Madhusudan Somani Director
Mr Ram Singh Director
Brig Pradeep Krishna Prasad Director
13 What is electric-bike
Y0-BYKE runs on Battery and is the most economical two-wheeler in the world Cheapest to buy cheapest to run and cheapest to maintain I have extensively tested model Y0-SMART and I am very happy with it and highly satisfied I have driven it double seat (120 kg) and it climbed a 20 degree slope double seat On the steep slope the speed
8
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
Objectives Of The Study
The objectives set for the study are ndash
To find out the awareness of consumer about the electric bike in Raipur city
To find out the reason why consumer refers to electric bike
To find out the factor influencing the sales of electric bike
What are the post purchase experiences of electric bike consumer
To find out the market share of different manufacturing Companies dealing in electric bike
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The success of any event heavily depends upon the way chosen for its execution This includes ensures of some basic question to the specific focus on constraints as well In other words they can call the methodology as the backbone of any research It also includes research or study method Thus when they talk of methodology they not only talk of methodology they not talk of methods but also consider the logic behind the methods they use in the context of their study objective and explain way use are using them so that study results are capable of being evaluated logically
Statement Of Problem
ldquoA study various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike - A study in Raipur City rdquo
Purpose Of The Study The purpose is to study the perception of buyer and user towards Electric-bike in Raipur city
Population
Population refers to the total of items about which information is desire The attributes that are the object of study are referred to as characteristics and the units possessing them are called as elementary units The aggregate of such units is generally described as
3
population Thus all the units in any field of inquiry constitute universe and all elementary units constitute population
The population can be finite and in finite the population is said to be finite if it is consist of a fixed number of elements so that it is possible to enumerate it in its totality An infinite population is which it is theoretically impossible to observe all the elementsThe population is specific group of people firms conditions activities etc which forms the pivotal of research for developing and using a sample it become primary duty of a researcher to define the population from which to draw the sample
Population ndash To achieve the objective the city of Raipur was selected
Sample
The sample is the representative unit of population The researcher has taken the consumer as sample for this research Since in this research the researcher has collected the sample according to his own convenience So the sample is stratified proportionate sample and the sample size of the research is 30
This refers to number of items to be selected from the universe to constitute a sample The size of the sample should neither be excessively large nor too small It should be optimum An optimum sample size is one which fulfills the requirement of efficiency representativeness reliability and flexibility
Sampling Method
In this research the stratified proportionate Sampling Method has been used In this method the population is divided into several sub-populations that are individually more homogenous than the total population(the different sub population are called ldquostratardquo) and then we select items from each stratum to constitute a sample In other words under this sampling the organizers of the inquiry purposively choose the particulars unit of the universe for constituting a sample on the basis that the small mass that they so select out of a huge one will be typical or representative of the whole
Here the total population ie the total number of consumer in raipur region is 300 it is divided in the following four stratas 1 Working womenhelliphelliphellip = 902 Working menhelliphelliphelliphellip = 303 College going girlshelliphellip = 1304 College going boyshelliphellip = 50
Thus for strata with N=90 We have p = 90300 =030And hence n =030 30 = 9
Similarly for strata with N = 30 we have p = 30300 = 010And hence n = 010 30 = 3
And for strata with N = 130 we have p = 130300Hence n = 043 30 =13
4
And for strata with N = 50 we have p = 50300 = 016Hence n = 016 30 = 5
Sample Plan
Sample Unit 4
Sample Size 30
Geographical area covered Raipur
Sample ratio 110
Data Collection
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has defined Researcher should keep in mind two types of data primary data and secondary data The primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus happen to be original in character The secondary data on the other hand are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process
Both primary data and secondary data were used in accomplishment of objective of the research
27 Questionnaire
The term questionnaire refers to a self-administered process whereby the respondent himselfherself reads the questions and records hisher answers without assistance of an interviewer Although the instrument is essentially question asking and data gathering tool A questionnaire is more structured and standardized The questionnaire consists of a number of questions printed or typed in a definite order on a form or a set of forms This method of data collection is quite popular in case of big enquiries
29 Delimitation
There is some specific delimitation in the study they are-
1 The generalization of data is subjective to the population of Raipur city
2 The generalization of finding is subject to the accuracy of data provided by the respondents
5
LITERATURE REVIEW
companyrsquos vision of electric-bike
COMPANYrsquoS VISION
VisionA world class engineering major catering to manufacturing and metallurgical sector along with leadership in electric vehicles
Core Valuesbull Business ethicsbull Customer Focusbull Professional pridebull Mutual Respectbull Speed and innovationbull Excellence in manufacturingbull Total quality
Corporate MissionDevelop and provide reliable metallurgical equipment products and services at competitive pricesintegrating best manufacturing practices and providing innovative and eco friendly technologies andproducts for the benefit of the society
Corporate Objectives
1048707 Business Portfolio Growtho To further consolidate Electrotherm position as a leading supplier of metallurgical equipment in national and international marketo To grow its engineering capabilities by providing turnkey solutions to the customers and implement projects from concept to full commercializationo To diversify across the electric vehicle business to become a leading player in battery operated vehicles in the countryo To establish a strong product and services brand in the domestic and international market
1048707 Customer Focuso To develop a special relationship with customers to ensure not only customer delight but customer successo To expand the relationship with existing customers by offering additional services in engineering energy conservation strategies environment protection technologies and best operating practiceso To expand the customer base by providing them with newer products
6
o To use customer feedback for design improvement and new product development
1048707 Dynamic Corporationo To develop an agile and effective organization which adopts and adapts to thechanges in business environment by continuously assessing the opportunities andencashing them and evaluating the threats to mitigate themo To develop a learning organization having technology based competitive edge incurrent businesses and future initiatives21st Annual Report for the year ending March 312007
1048707 Performanceo To continuously improve the performance with emphasis on cycle time reduction andcost control in order to sustain long term competitivenesso To improve on project execution time and cost to ensure long term viabilityo To operate and maintain the manufacturing facilities at par with the best-runengineering and metallurgical companies in the world with respect to productivityequipment availability operational reliability and product qualityo To achieve quality by embedding the best practices in all systems and processes
1048707 Human Resource Developmento To enhance commitment of employees by rewarding and recognizing superiorperformanceo To imbibe a culture of team building innovation empowerment and openness inorder to align all individuals towards the companyrsquos goalso To build and sustain a learning organization of competent world class engineers andprofessionals
1048707 Financial Soundnesso To continuously strive to reduce cost of capital through prudent deployment offundso To develop sound commercial policies which ensure reasonable returns andremuneration
1048707 Environment Protectiono To contribute to reduction in global warming and pollution by encouraging anddeveloping environmental friendly technologies and productso To become a lead player in developing electric and hybrid electric vehicles which notonly lead to cleaner cities but also will reduce consumption of liquid fuel which islargely imported by the country
1048707 Research amp Developmento To continue efforts in developing cost effective reliable and efficient technologies forIndian and overseas customerso To pass on the benefit of Research amp Development to the customerso To carry out research in development of alternate fuels and technologies
7
Profile of electrotherm which is major manufacturers of electric bike
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr Mukesh Bhandari Chairman
Mr Shailesh Bhandari Managing
Director
Mr Harish Sharma Whole Time
Director
Mr Narendra Dalal Whole Time
Director
Mr Avinash Bhandari Whole Time
Director
Mr Naveen Nakra Director
Mr Nilesh Desai Director
Mr Madhusudan Somani Director
Mr Ram Singh Director
Brig Pradeep Krishna Prasad Director
13 What is electric-bike
Y0-BYKE runs on Battery and is the most economical two-wheeler in the world Cheapest to buy cheapest to run and cheapest to maintain I have extensively tested model Y0-SMART and I am very happy with it and highly satisfied I have driven it double seat (120 kg) and it climbed a 20 degree slope double seat On the steep slope the speed
8
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
population Thus all the units in any field of inquiry constitute universe and all elementary units constitute population
The population can be finite and in finite the population is said to be finite if it is consist of a fixed number of elements so that it is possible to enumerate it in its totality An infinite population is which it is theoretically impossible to observe all the elementsThe population is specific group of people firms conditions activities etc which forms the pivotal of research for developing and using a sample it become primary duty of a researcher to define the population from which to draw the sample
Population ndash To achieve the objective the city of Raipur was selected
Sample
The sample is the representative unit of population The researcher has taken the consumer as sample for this research Since in this research the researcher has collected the sample according to his own convenience So the sample is stratified proportionate sample and the sample size of the research is 30
This refers to number of items to be selected from the universe to constitute a sample The size of the sample should neither be excessively large nor too small It should be optimum An optimum sample size is one which fulfills the requirement of efficiency representativeness reliability and flexibility
Sampling Method
In this research the stratified proportionate Sampling Method has been used In this method the population is divided into several sub-populations that are individually more homogenous than the total population(the different sub population are called ldquostratardquo) and then we select items from each stratum to constitute a sample In other words under this sampling the organizers of the inquiry purposively choose the particulars unit of the universe for constituting a sample on the basis that the small mass that they so select out of a huge one will be typical or representative of the whole
Here the total population ie the total number of consumer in raipur region is 300 it is divided in the following four stratas 1 Working womenhelliphelliphellip = 902 Working menhelliphelliphelliphellip = 303 College going girlshelliphellip = 1304 College going boyshelliphellip = 50
Thus for strata with N=90 We have p = 90300 =030And hence n =030 30 = 9
Similarly for strata with N = 30 we have p = 30300 = 010And hence n = 010 30 = 3
And for strata with N = 130 we have p = 130300Hence n = 043 30 =13
4
And for strata with N = 50 we have p = 50300 = 016Hence n = 016 30 = 5
Sample Plan
Sample Unit 4
Sample Size 30
Geographical area covered Raipur
Sample ratio 110
Data Collection
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has defined Researcher should keep in mind two types of data primary data and secondary data The primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus happen to be original in character The secondary data on the other hand are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process
Both primary data and secondary data were used in accomplishment of objective of the research
27 Questionnaire
The term questionnaire refers to a self-administered process whereby the respondent himselfherself reads the questions and records hisher answers without assistance of an interviewer Although the instrument is essentially question asking and data gathering tool A questionnaire is more structured and standardized The questionnaire consists of a number of questions printed or typed in a definite order on a form or a set of forms This method of data collection is quite popular in case of big enquiries
29 Delimitation
There is some specific delimitation in the study they are-
1 The generalization of data is subjective to the population of Raipur city
2 The generalization of finding is subject to the accuracy of data provided by the respondents
5
LITERATURE REVIEW
companyrsquos vision of electric-bike
COMPANYrsquoS VISION
VisionA world class engineering major catering to manufacturing and metallurgical sector along with leadership in electric vehicles
Core Valuesbull Business ethicsbull Customer Focusbull Professional pridebull Mutual Respectbull Speed and innovationbull Excellence in manufacturingbull Total quality
Corporate MissionDevelop and provide reliable metallurgical equipment products and services at competitive pricesintegrating best manufacturing practices and providing innovative and eco friendly technologies andproducts for the benefit of the society
Corporate Objectives
1048707 Business Portfolio Growtho To further consolidate Electrotherm position as a leading supplier of metallurgical equipment in national and international marketo To grow its engineering capabilities by providing turnkey solutions to the customers and implement projects from concept to full commercializationo To diversify across the electric vehicle business to become a leading player in battery operated vehicles in the countryo To establish a strong product and services brand in the domestic and international market
1048707 Customer Focuso To develop a special relationship with customers to ensure not only customer delight but customer successo To expand the relationship with existing customers by offering additional services in engineering energy conservation strategies environment protection technologies and best operating practiceso To expand the customer base by providing them with newer products
6
o To use customer feedback for design improvement and new product development
1048707 Dynamic Corporationo To develop an agile and effective organization which adopts and adapts to thechanges in business environment by continuously assessing the opportunities andencashing them and evaluating the threats to mitigate themo To develop a learning organization having technology based competitive edge incurrent businesses and future initiatives21st Annual Report for the year ending March 312007
1048707 Performanceo To continuously improve the performance with emphasis on cycle time reduction andcost control in order to sustain long term competitivenesso To improve on project execution time and cost to ensure long term viabilityo To operate and maintain the manufacturing facilities at par with the best-runengineering and metallurgical companies in the world with respect to productivityequipment availability operational reliability and product qualityo To achieve quality by embedding the best practices in all systems and processes
1048707 Human Resource Developmento To enhance commitment of employees by rewarding and recognizing superiorperformanceo To imbibe a culture of team building innovation empowerment and openness inorder to align all individuals towards the companyrsquos goalso To build and sustain a learning organization of competent world class engineers andprofessionals
1048707 Financial Soundnesso To continuously strive to reduce cost of capital through prudent deployment offundso To develop sound commercial policies which ensure reasonable returns andremuneration
1048707 Environment Protectiono To contribute to reduction in global warming and pollution by encouraging anddeveloping environmental friendly technologies and productso To become a lead player in developing electric and hybrid electric vehicles which notonly lead to cleaner cities but also will reduce consumption of liquid fuel which islargely imported by the country
1048707 Research amp Developmento To continue efforts in developing cost effective reliable and efficient technologies forIndian and overseas customerso To pass on the benefit of Research amp Development to the customerso To carry out research in development of alternate fuels and technologies
7
Profile of electrotherm which is major manufacturers of electric bike
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr Mukesh Bhandari Chairman
Mr Shailesh Bhandari Managing
Director
Mr Harish Sharma Whole Time
Director
Mr Narendra Dalal Whole Time
Director
Mr Avinash Bhandari Whole Time
Director
Mr Naveen Nakra Director
Mr Nilesh Desai Director
Mr Madhusudan Somani Director
Mr Ram Singh Director
Brig Pradeep Krishna Prasad Director
13 What is electric-bike
Y0-BYKE runs on Battery and is the most economical two-wheeler in the world Cheapest to buy cheapest to run and cheapest to maintain I have extensively tested model Y0-SMART and I am very happy with it and highly satisfied I have driven it double seat (120 kg) and it climbed a 20 degree slope double seat On the steep slope the speed
8
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
And for strata with N = 50 we have p = 50300 = 016Hence n = 016 30 = 5
Sample Plan
Sample Unit 4
Sample Size 30
Geographical area covered Raipur
Sample ratio 110
Data Collection
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has defined Researcher should keep in mind two types of data primary data and secondary data The primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus happen to be original in character The secondary data on the other hand are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process
Both primary data and secondary data were used in accomplishment of objective of the research
27 Questionnaire
The term questionnaire refers to a self-administered process whereby the respondent himselfherself reads the questions and records hisher answers without assistance of an interviewer Although the instrument is essentially question asking and data gathering tool A questionnaire is more structured and standardized The questionnaire consists of a number of questions printed or typed in a definite order on a form or a set of forms This method of data collection is quite popular in case of big enquiries
29 Delimitation
There is some specific delimitation in the study they are-
1 The generalization of data is subjective to the population of Raipur city
2 The generalization of finding is subject to the accuracy of data provided by the respondents
5
LITERATURE REVIEW
companyrsquos vision of electric-bike
COMPANYrsquoS VISION
VisionA world class engineering major catering to manufacturing and metallurgical sector along with leadership in electric vehicles
Core Valuesbull Business ethicsbull Customer Focusbull Professional pridebull Mutual Respectbull Speed and innovationbull Excellence in manufacturingbull Total quality
Corporate MissionDevelop and provide reliable metallurgical equipment products and services at competitive pricesintegrating best manufacturing practices and providing innovative and eco friendly technologies andproducts for the benefit of the society
Corporate Objectives
1048707 Business Portfolio Growtho To further consolidate Electrotherm position as a leading supplier of metallurgical equipment in national and international marketo To grow its engineering capabilities by providing turnkey solutions to the customers and implement projects from concept to full commercializationo To diversify across the electric vehicle business to become a leading player in battery operated vehicles in the countryo To establish a strong product and services brand in the domestic and international market
1048707 Customer Focuso To develop a special relationship with customers to ensure not only customer delight but customer successo To expand the relationship with existing customers by offering additional services in engineering energy conservation strategies environment protection technologies and best operating practiceso To expand the customer base by providing them with newer products
6
o To use customer feedback for design improvement and new product development
1048707 Dynamic Corporationo To develop an agile and effective organization which adopts and adapts to thechanges in business environment by continuously assessing the opportunities andencashing them and evaluating the threats to mitigate themo To develop a learning organization having technology based competitive edge incurrent businesses and future initiatives21st Annual Report for the year ending March 312007
1048707 Performanceo To continuously improve the performance with emphasis on cycle time reduction andcost control in order to sustain long term competitivenesso To improve on project execution time and cost to ensure long term viabilityo To operate and maintain the manufacturing facilities at par with the best-runengineering and metallurgical companies in the world with respect to productivityequipment availability operational reliability and product qualityo To achieve quality by embedding the best practices in all systems and processes
1048707 Human Resource Developmento To enhance commitment of employees by rewarding and recognizing superiorperformanceo To imbibe a culture of team building innovation empowerment and openness inorder to align all individuals towards the companyrsquos goalso To build and sustain a learning organization of competent world class engineers andprofessionals
1048707 Financial Soundnesso To continuously strive to reduce cost of capital through prudent deployment offundso To develop sound commercial policies which ensure reasonable returns andremuneration
1048707 Environment Protectiono To contribute to reduction in global warming and pollution by encouraging anddeveloping environmental friendly technologies and productso To become a lead player in developing electric and hybrid electric vehicles which notonly lead to cleaner cities but also will reduce consumption of liquid fuel which islargely imported by the country
1048707 Research amp Developmento To continue efforts in developing cost effective reliable and efficient technologies forIndian and overseas customerso To pass on the benefit of Research amp Development to the customerso To carry out research in development of alternate fuels and technologies
7
Profile of electrotherm which is major manufacturers of electric bike
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr Mukesh Bhandari Chairman
Mr Shailesh Bhandari Managing
Director
Mr Harish Sharma Whole Time
Director
Mr Narendra Dalal Whole Time
Director
Mr Avinash Bhandari Whole Time
Director
Mr Naveen Nakra Director
Mr Nilesh Desai Director
Mr Madhusudan Somani Director
Mr Ram Singh Director
Brig Pradeep Krishna Prasad Director
13 What is electric-bike
Y0-BYKE runs on Battery and is the most economical two-wheeler in the world Cheapest to buy cheapest to run and cheapest to maintain I have extensively tested model Y0-SMART and I am very happy with it and highly satisfied I have driven it double seat (120 kg) and it climbed a 20 degree slope double seat On the steep slope the speed
8
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
LITERATURE REVIEW
companyrsquos vision of electric-bike
COMPANYrsquoS VISION
VisionA world class engineering major catering to manufacturing and metallurgical sector along with leadership in electric vehicles
Core Valuesbull Business ethicsbull Customer Focusbull Professional pridebull Mutual Respectbull Speed and innovationbull Excellence in manufacturingbull Total quality
Corporate MissionDevelop and provide reliable metallurgical equipment products and services at competitive pricesintegrating best manufacturing practices and providing innovative and eco friendly technologies andproducts for the benefit of the society
Corporate Objectives
1048707 Business Portfolio Growtho To further consolidate Electrotherm position as a leading supplier of metallurgical equipment in national and international marketo To grow its engineering capabilities by providing turnkey solutions to the customers and implement projects from concept to full commercializationo To diversify across the electric vehicle business to become a leading player in battery operated vehicles in the countryo To establish a strong product and services brand in the domestic and international market
1048707 Customer Focuso To develop a special relationship with customers to ensure not only customer delight but customer successo To expand the relationship with existing customers by offering additional services in engineering energy conservation strategies environment protection technologies and best operating practiceso To expand the customer base by providing them with newer products
6
o To use customer feedback for design improvement and new product development
1048707 Dynamic Corporationo To develop an agile and effective organization which adopts and adapts to thechanges in business environment by continuously assessing the opportunities andencashing them and evaluating the threats to mitigate themo To develop a learning organization having technology based competitive edge incurrent businesses and future initiatives21st Annual Report for the year ending March 312007
1048707 Performanceo To continuously improve the performance with emphasis on cycle time reduction andcost control in order to sustain long term competitivenesso To improve on project execution time and cost to ensure long term viabilityo To operate and maintain the manufacturing facilities at par with the best-runengineering and metallurgical companies in the world with respect to productivityequipment availability operational reliability and product qualityo To achieve quality by embedding the best practices in all systems and processes
1048707 Human Resource Developmento To enhance commitment of employees by rewarding and recognizing superiorperformanceo To imbibe a culture of team building innovation empowerment and openness inorder to align all individuals towards the companyrsquos goalso To build and sustain a learning organization of competent world class engineers andprofessionals
1048707 Financial Soundnesso To continuously strive to reduce cost of capital through prudent deployment offundso To develop sound commercial policies which ensure reasonable returns andremuneration
1048707 Environment Protectiono To contribute to reduction in global warming and pollution by encouraging anddeveloping environmental friendly technologies and productso To become a lead player in developing electric and hybrid electric vehicles which notonly lead to cleaner cities but also will reduce consumption of liquid fuel which islargely imported by the country
1048707 Research amp Developmento To continue efforts in developing cost effective reliable and efficient technologies forIndian and overseas customerso To pass on the benefit of Research amp Development to the customerso To carry out research in development of alternate fuels and technologies
7
Profile of electrotherm which is major manufacturers of electric bike
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr Mukesh Bhandari Chairman
Mr Shailesh Bhandari Managing
Director
Mr Harish Sharma Whole Time
Director
Mr Narendra Dalal Whole Time
Director
Mr Avinash Bhandari Whole Time
Director
Mr Naveen Nakra Director
Mr Nilesh Desai Director
Mr Madhusudan Somani Director
Mr Ram Singh Director
Brig Pradeep Krishna Prasad Director
13 What is electric-bike
Y0-BYKE runs on Battery and is the most economical two-wheeler in the world Cheapest to buy cheapest to run and cheapest to maintain I have extensively tested model Y0-SMART and I am very happy with it and highly satisfied I have driven it double seat (120 kg) and it climbed a 20 degree slope double seat On the steep slope the speed
8
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
o To use customer feedback for design improvement and new product development
1048707 Dynamic Corporationo To develop an agile and effective organization which adopts and adapts to thechanges in business environment by continuously assessing the opportunities andencashing them and evaluating the threats to mitigate themo To develop a learning organization having technology based competitive edge incurrent businesses and future initiatives21st Annual Report for the year ending March 312007
1048707 Performanceo To continuously improve the performance with emphasis on cycle time reduction andcost control in order to sustain long term competitivenesso To improve on project execution time and cost to ensure long term viabilityo To operate and maintain the manufacturing facilities at par with the best-runengineering and metallurgical companies in the world with respect to productivityequipment availability operational reliability and product qualityo To achieve quality by embedding the best practices in all systems and processes
1048707 Human Resource Developmento To enhance commitment of employees by rewarding and recognizing superiorperformanceo To imbibe a culture of team building innovation empowerment and openness inorder to align all individuals towards the companyrsquos goalso To build and sustain a learning organization of competent world class engineers andprofessionals
1048707 Financial Soundnesso To continuously strive to reduce cost of capital through prudent deployment offundso To develop sound commercial policies which ensure reasonable returns andremuneration
1048707 Environment Protectiono To contribute to reduction in global warming and pollution by encouraging anddeveloping environmental friendly technologies and productso To become a lead player in developing electric and hybrid electric vehicles which notonly lead to cleaner cities but also will reduce consumption of liquid fuel which islargely imported by the country
1048707 Research amp Developmento To continue efforts in developing cost effective reliable and efficient technologies forIndian and overseas customerso To pass on the benefit of Research amp Development to the customerso To carry out research in development of alternate fuels and technologies
7
Profile of electrotherm which is major manufacturers of electric bike
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr Mukesh Bhandari Chairman
Mr Shailesh Bhandari Managing
Director
Mr Harish Sharma Whole Time
Director
Mr Narendra Dalal Whole Time
Director
Mr Avinash Bhandari Whole Time
Director
Mr Naveen Nakra Director
Mr Nilesh Desai Director
Mr Madhusudan Somani Director
Mr Ram Singh Director
Brig Pradeep Krishna Prasad Director
13 What is electric-bike
Y0-BYKE runs on Battery and is the most economical two-wheeler in the world Cheapest to buy cheapest to run and cheapest to maintain I have extensively tested model Y0-SMART and I am very happy with it and highly satisfied I have driven it double seat (120 kg) and it climbed a 20 degree slope double seat On the steep slope the speed
8
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Profile of electrotherm which is major manufacturers of electric bike
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr Mukesh Bhandari Chairman
Mr Shailesh Bhandari Managing
Director
Mr Harish Sharma Whole Time
Director
Mr Narendra Dalal Whole Time
Director
Mr Avinash Bhandari Whole Time
Director
Mr Naveen Nakra Director
Mr Nilesh Desai Director
Mr Madhusudan Somani Director
Mr Ram Singh Director
Brig Pradeep Krishna Prasad Director
13 What is electric-bike
Y0-BYKE runs on Battery and is the most economical two-wheeler in the world Cheapest to buy cheapest to run and cheapest to maintain I have extensively tested model Y0-SMART and I am very happy with it and highly satisfied I have driven it double seat (120 kg) and it climbed a 20 degree slope double seat On the steep slope the speed
8
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
dropped to FIVE km per hour but Y0-SMART climbed the full slope on its own For a Y0-bike that costs less than the cheapest petrol scooter having Self-start almost zero maintenance cost and almost zero running cost and totally zero fear this performance is FANTASTIC This top model Y0-SMART costing 29000- is the best and most socially acceptable model It has some lockable space under the seat to keep your stuff It is very comfortable People wonrsquot even know that it is an E-bike or Y0-BYKE There is no self-start button Just insert the key and turn it and twist the accelerator The bike will move absolutely silently You wont even know
I have also extensively tested Y0-TUFF the cheapest model costing 17500- It has a beautiful comfortable seat excellent brakes excellent headlight beam shock absorbers in front and ideal for school kids and such people whose day-to-day life is governed by bicycles There is a large carrier at the back but no clasp Company is going to provide clasp soon Since this model has pedals like bicycle in case the charge in the battery is over you can easily pedal it like an ordinary bicycle The pedaling effort is almost same as that in an ordinary bicycle and is very easy I have actually manually pedaled it non-stop (single seat) over a distance of SIX km and the effort required was exactly same as required in an ordinary bicycle
I have also actually pedaled LUNA moped and TVS50 moped and found that pedaling effort required in Y0-TUFF is TWENTY TIMES LESS than the effort required in LUNA and TVS50 moped This is because of three main reasons lt1gtThe arm-length of the pedals is same as ordinary bicycle thus giving same mechanical advantage amp velocity ratio as ordinary bicycle lt2gtThe seating geometry on Y0-TUFF is very ergonomic for pedaling lt3gtThe weight of YO-TUFF is much less than LUNA or TVS50
A charger is given free with each bike I put it on charging every night and by morning it is fully charged and I ride whole day without any problem Electricity required for charging is ONE UNIT which costs Rs375 for full SIX to EIGHT hour charge which is almost like free of cost
In one full charge I have actually covered over 80 km on Y0-Smart If you want to calculate cost of charging then it comes to less than FIVE paise per km (Rs375 divided by 80 km) which is much cheaper than any petrol driven motorcycle Even if your petrol motorcycle is giving 80 km per liter of petrol which costs Rs55- per liter your running cost comes to almost 70 paise per km Thus Y0-BYKE running cost is FOURTEEN TIMES CHEAPER than the cheapest petrol motorcycle Y0-BYKE is much cheaper than even bus fare
Y0-Smart scooter Y0-TUFF model
9
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
front dicky of Y0-Smart scooterY0-Smart dials
Petrol driven motorcycles and scooters need regular change of engine oil every 2000 km which costs Rs200- per litre In Y0-BYKEs there is no such cost which is further money saved The petrol bikes also need regular maintenance like servicing chain-sprocket lubrication spark plug cleaning and replacement carburetor cleaning and many other things which cost money Y0-BYKEs need no such maintenance because there is nothing to be serviced there is no chain-sprocket no spark plug no carburetor nothingApart from wheels and pedals the only moving part in Y0-BYKEs is the electric motor which is completely encased in metal and is located inside the rear hubThere are SIX models of Y0-BYKE ranging in price from Rs17500- to Rs29000- The cheapest model is named Y0-TUFF and price is Rs17500- It has the same frame like a standard gents bicycle as well as large wheels and pedals like in bicycle Y0-TUFF Tires are 26 inch diameter and 175 inch thick same like standard full size gents bicycle Y0-tuff is not suitable for females wearing long flowing dress or Saree Two other large wheeled Y0-BYKE models which have pedals and use the same Y0-Tuff battery and suitable for females wearing long dress are Y0-TREND costing 19500- and Y0-TEEN costing 20400- Both Y0-TREND and Y0-TEEN have slightly smaller diameter wheels and have lower seat height suitable for females All these three models use a composite single battery which is 41 cm tall 17 cm wide and 11 cm thick It is locked on the bike (there is a key to open this lock) and can be unlocked and carried into the house for charging Its weight is 13 kg It is convenient to carry and has a convenient handle for carrying it The battery can be unlocked amp removed from the bike by lifting the rider seatThese three large wheeled models can carry 75 kg weight Top speed is 25 km per hour and can run 50 km before charging is required
Battery voltage is 36 Volts and battery life is 20000- km There is a fourth large wheeled model with pedals named Y0-TRUST (also suitable for females) which uses TWO batteries which can travel 75 km on a single charge and costs Rs21500- There are TWO more models with small wheels like Scooty named Y0-SPIN and Y0-SMART Both these models work at 48 Volts Y0-SPIN costs Rs26000- range per charge is 55 km and battery life is 20000 kmsY0-SMART costs 29000- range per charge is75 kms and battery life is 25000 kms
10
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Y0-BYKE number plate Y0-Smart handle
Charging the battery is very simple The charger has two wires coming out of it At the end of one wire is two-pin plug which fits into any electric wall socket in your house At the end of the other wire is a suitable plug which fits into the socket of the Y0-BYKE On the charger is a small indicator light While the battery is being charged this light is red When the charge is complete this light turns green When light goes green just disconnect the charger wires from both ends and keep the charger at home and start riding the Y0-BYKE
The day I began my testing of the Y0-Smart model of Y0-BYKE was great I got stopped by a Cop for driving in the cycle lane on the one way part of Law College Road on which from Canal-Roads-Chowk up to Nal-Stop on the right side there is a lane
reserved exclusively for cyclists and marked by a few inches high divider Many motorcycles were going in that lane which is illegal I also went on Y0-Smart At Nal-Stop traffic light Policeman was catching motorcyclists for going in bicycle lane He was confiscating their Licenses I also was stopped He asked for my License I said I donrsquot have License Then he asked for PUC I said I donrsquot have PUC Then he asked for Regn Certificate I said I donrsquot have He then took out his official receipt book for collecting FINE and asked me vehicle number I said I donrsquot have number He said ldquoEh How can that berdquo And walked behind the Y0-Smart and read the number ldquoShree 420rdquo (see photo) ldquoWhat nonsenserdquo he shouted ldquoCome to inspectorrdquo So he took me to inspector and explained ldquoThis man has no License no PUC no Registration Certificate and on number plate he has written Shree 420 see policeman pointed at my Y0-Smart Inspector looked at my Y0-Smart and told policeman ldquoLet him gordquo
Battery lock of model Y0-TUFF Y0-TUFF is the motor
Policeman was shocked and asked inspector ldquoWhy should we let him gordquo Inspector replied ldquoBecause he is Shree 420 This is Y0-BYKE It does not need anything
11
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
It does not need even petrol Then inspector turned to me and said Sir ldquocan you please explain about the bike to my man and educate him while I collect FINE from the motorcyclists for doing exactly what you did I was very happy This is the biggest advantage But even bigger advantage than this is that I never have to go to petrol pump I donrsquot use petrol Not even diesel or kerosene
Basic features of electric bike
Advantage of
ELECTRICbike
Ten good reasons from A to B magazine
12
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
1 Hill ClimbingThat may sound obvious but its the primary advantage A good electric bike effectively flattens hills increasing your average speed and eliminating the groan factor when a gradient comes into view Provided you supply a reasonable amount of effort you can expect to climb hills of 1 in 10 (10) on an electric bike with ease and clear a maximum gradient of 1 in 7 (14) or much more In hilly country the effect is nothing short of miraculous
2 SafetyIt sounds unlikely doesnt it But the mathematics is compelling Think of a steep and busy road with cars climbing at 30mph If you previously slogged up the hill at 6mph but can tackle the same gradient at 12mph with an electric bike you will see 33 fewer cars and they will pass you at 18mph rather than 24mph Or at least we think thats correct Whatever the figures theres no doubt that an electric bike helps to keep you out of danger The same general principle applies to road junctions - the faster your acceleration the sooner you can get out of trouble And with no need to rush the hills you wont be tempted to ride downhill at breakneck speed another useful safety feature
3 Running CostsPurchase cost is a little more than a conventional bike mechanical wear and tear is about the same and electricity is so cheap as to be largely irrelevant but there is an extra expense in terms of battery depreciation Consequently an electric bike costs more to run - typically 5 - 8 pence per mile against 42 pence per mile for a non-assisted bike (a)However electric bike running costs should really be compared with those of a moped or a car when the electric bike replaces car mileage With cars costing 50 - 80 pence per mile an electric bike can save a great deal of money
4 Personal FitnessSurely a conventional bike will keep you fitter That of course depends how much - if at all - you use it Research (b) has found that 46 of conventional bikes are used only once or twice a week with a further 30 being used once a fortnight or even less By contrast a recent survey of electric bicycle owners reveals that a third ride their bike at least once a day and 81 use the bike at least once a week (c) The figures confirm our experience that an electric bike typically gets used at least twice as often as a conventional machineBecause riding an electric bike is a great deal more enjoyable in hilly country into strong winds or when carrying heavy loads users tend to make better use of them The motor provides up to half the effort but more regular use means more exercise for the rider
5 No SweatSweat may not be a serious issue when youre out for a leisure ride but its more important if youre cycling to work Although some employers are rather grudgingly providing showers and other facilities for cyclists the great majority have no intention of doing so An electric bike eliminates the problem at source Oddly enough you wont sweat on an electric bike even if you put in the same amount of effort as you do on an ordinary bike This is because you will be going faster and the wind chill effect is greater keeping you cool In hot weather its possible to maintain a normal schedule by transferring a bit more
13
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
load to the electric motor In colder weather - or if you feel in need of exercise - just throttle back or turn the motor off
6 Clean amp GreenElectric bikes obviously consume energy where a conventional bikes does not (provided we ignore the environmental cost of growing and processing food - see below) However the amount of energy used is very small compared to a moped motorcycle or car Besides fuel the only consumables are the batteries and these can normally be recycled when life-expired As for energy use electric bikes typically consume fuel at an average rate of 100 to 150 watts of electrical energy against 15000 or so for a car (admittedly travelling faster out of town at least) In terms of fuel consumption an electric bike achieves about 800-2000mpg (280 - 700 kmlitre) (d) No other commercially available vehicle can match figures of this kindIf its hard to place these numbers in your own lifestyle think of a 100 watt electric light bulb burning for an evening - thats enough energy to propel an electrically-assisted bike for 20 to 40 miles
7 Genuinely SustainableTheres a lot of nonsense talked about sustainability in transport but an electric bicycle can be made genuinely sustainable Purchase electricity from a green supplier or generate your own with a roof-mounted windmill or solar panel array and the vehicles fossil fuel consumption will be zero Surely a conventional bike does that already
Only if you grow the food you consume whilst riding it Unfortunately most modern food production and distribution is so fuel-intensive that the consumption of a typical cyclist is not terribly good To see this in practise take a look at our Climate Change pages
8 Faster TravelIn theory a car can average a high speed but in practise speed often falls below 10mph in cities The problem is congestion - motorcycles get around this to some extent but theyre still confined to the road network An electric bike can maintain a higher average speed than a bicycle but take advantage of the same network of cycle facilities giving access to routes that cars and motorcycles cannot reach The result is often a faster door-to-door journey time than any other mode And by taking advantage of the uncongested cycle network but eliminating hills and headwinds electric bikes are often the most consistent mode of travel
9 High Resale ValueElectric bikes are new technology and these are early days but the evidence points to a much better resale value than a conventional bike True a typical electric bike costs more
to buy at pound400-pound1000 but it seems youll get most of that back if you sell the machine on
10 Motorized but no Red TapeYou know how it is MOT due log book missing insurance costs rising year on year
14
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Electric bikes are treated just like ordinary bicycles for legislative purposes so theres absolutely no registration or legislation to worry about You are of course free to insure the machine if you wish but theres no compulsion to do anything but enjoy yourself
ELECTROTHERM(INDIA)LIMITED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
15
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Comparison of Fiscal 2007 with Fiscal 2006 and Fiscal 2005 Income Comparison
DETAILS 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05
SALES (Rs LACS) 7308865 344721 1837684
COMPOUNDED ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (SALES)
89 89 89
GROWTH IN SALES (ANNUAL) 112 88 221
EARNING BEFORE INTEREST amp TAX (EBIT) (Rs IN Lacs)
963535 383946 162942
GROWTH IN EBIT (ANNUAL) 151 136 852
PROFIT AFTER TAX - (Before Deferred Tax) (Rs IN LACS)
544835 262778 135014
GROWTH IN PROFIT AFTER TAX (ANNUAL)
107 95 1692
CAPITAL EMPLOYED (Rs IN LACS)
6182408 2854352 1242897
NET WOTH (Rs IN LACS) (Incl Deferred Tax)
2443719 730025 352745
OPERATING PROFIT NET SALES 745 762 735
GROSS RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (ROCE)
1559 1345 1311
DEBIT EQUITY RATIO 135 216 206
CURRENT RATIO 177 129 176
EARNING PER SHARE (Rs) 8286 3554 2833
DIVIDEND RATE 20 20 15
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE (Rs) 25438 12798 6654
16
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
SN Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
A INCOME 1 Furnace amp Engineering 1656115 1758538 1837684
2 Special Steel Division 4963361 1699800 -
3 Electric Vehicles 689390 18872 -
Sub Total 7308866 3447210 1837684
4 Other Income 31866 18360 22162
5 Increase in Stock 255376 97359 111479
Total Income 7596107 3562929 1971325
The income for Mar 05 increased from Rs18377 crores to Rs 34472 crores in Mar 06 a jump of 88 In the year Mar 07 the income further increased to Rs 73089 crores a jump of 112 The jump was on account of increased sales of special steel division and launching of Electric vehicles
Export salesThe break of domestic and export sales for the last three years are given below
Particulars 2006-07 Rs Lacs
2005-06 Rs Lacs
2004-05 Rs Lacs
Domestic Sales 6617534 3036107 1499008
Exports
Export Sales 515138 411103 338676
Deemed Export Sales 176193 000 000
Total Exports 691331 411103 338676
Total 7308865 3447210 1837684
17
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
The exports are steadily increasing The exports could have been much higher but several orders which are under execution will actually be completed in the current financial year (2007-08) and the export figures will be reflected in the current year
18
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Stock Performance
Performance of share price of ELECTROTHERM in comparison to BSE Sensex for the year 2006 ndash 2007 is as under
Manufactures of electric bike and their Products
Electric Scooter Products
Model YO SpeedManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 36650
19
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Model TVS Teenz ElectricManufacturer TVS
Model myEbike SportyManufacturer Paradise Electro Auto
Model Xite K100LAManufacturer Xite
Price 26500
Model Xite K101LAManufacturer Xite
Price 29500
Model Xite K103LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Xite K102LAManufacturer Xite
Price 30500
Model Avon e-lite 016 EBManufacturer Avon
Model Avon e-bike VXManufacturer Avon
Model Atlas AngelManufacturer Atlas
Model Atlas ClassicManufacturer Atlas
Model Hero VelocitiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
20
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Model CityByke City RideManufacturer CityByke
Model e-CoupeManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model e-TrendyManufacturer Youth Bikes
Price 30000
Model Vijaya Glide-25Manufacturer Vijaya Value Electric
Model Accura ScooterManufacturer Accura Bikes
Model YASH PrettyManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH AcuteManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH WhizManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model YASH DocileManufacturer CYNOSURE Enterprises Ltd
Model KEV Hai BikeManufacturer Kailash
Model Hero AdvantaManufacturer Hero Electric Hero Ultra
21
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Model Hero ExtraManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model Hero MaxiManufacturer Hero Electric Ultra Motors
Model YO SpinManufacturer Electrotherm
Price 20749
Model Petra EnvoManufacturer Petra
Model EKO COSMIC - IManufacturer Eko Vehicles
22
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
31 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Analysis is an attempt to organize and summaries data in order to increase result usefulness in such a manner that enables to relate critical points with the objectives of study The data after collection has to be processed an analyzed in accordance with the out line laid down for the purpose at the time of developing the research plan Technically speaking analyzing implies editing coding classification and tabulation of collected data so that they are amenable to analysis The terms analysis refers to the computation of certain measures along with searching for pattern of relationship that exists among data groups
Interpretation refers to task of drawing inferences from the collected facts after an analytical andor experimental study In fact it is a search for broader meaning of research finding the task of interpretation has to measure aspects that is (i) the effort to establish continuity in research though linking the results of a given steady with those of another and (ii) the establishment of some explanatory concepts
Interpretation is concerned with relationships within the collected data partially over lapping analysis Interpretation also extends beyond the data of the study to include the result of other research theory and hypotheses Thus interpretation is the device though which factors that seem to explain what has been observed by researcher in the course of study can be better understood and it also provides a theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further researches
Interpretation is essential for the simple reason that the usefulness and utility of research finding lie in proper interpretation Interpretation leads to the establishment of explanatory concepts that can serve as a guide for further research studies it opens new avenues of intellectual adventure and stimulates the quest for more knowledge
23
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Age Profile
Age-group Respondents Percentage ()Less than 25 years 24 80
25 ndash 30 years 6 2030 ndash 35 years 0 035 ndash 40 years 0 0
40 years and above 0 0Total 30 100
24
6
0 0 00
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Age Profile
Less than 25 years
25 ndash 30 years
30 ndash 35 years
35 ndash 40 years
40 years andabove
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) are under the age group of less than 25 years
24
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Gender
Gender Respondents Percentage ()Male 8 2667
Female 22 7333Total 30 100
gender
27
73
Male
Female
Interpretation ndash From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (7333) are female
25
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Occupation
Occupation Respondents Percentage ()Govt employee 3 10
Private employed 8 2666Self-employed 2 666
Other 17 5666Total 30 100
3
8
2
17
0
5
10
15
20
1
respondent
occupation
Govt employee
Private employed
Self-employed
Other
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (5666) are others (such as student)
26
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Income Profile
Income (monthly) Respondents Percentage ()Below Rs10000 10 4333
Rs10001 ndash Rs20000 14 40Rs20001 ndash Rs30000 5 1333
Rs31000 ndash above 1 333Total 30 100
10
14
5
10
5
10
15
1
respondent
Income profile
Below Rs10000
Rs10001 ndashRs20000
Rs20001 ndashRs30000
Rs31000 ndash above
Interpretation ndash It is found that majority of the respondents (4333) falls under the income group of below-Rs10000
27
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Size of Family
Size of Family Respondents Percentage ()Below-4 10 3333
5-8 20 66679-12 0 0
12-above 0 0total 30 100
10
20
0 005
101520
1
respondent
Size of family
Below-4
5-8
9-12
12-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6667) belongs to 5-8 family size
28
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
How many member eligible to ride two wheeler of Family
Member Respondents Percentage ()Below-2 10 3333
3-5 19 63335-7 1 333
7-above 0 0Total 30 100
10
19
1 00
10
20
1
respondent
family member who is eligeble to ride bike
Below-2
3-5
5-7
7-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (6333) belongs to 3-5 family member are eligible to ride two wheeler bike
29
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Important feature would you look for while purchasing a two wheeler
Features Respondents Percentage ()Appearance and weight 2 666
Speed and handling 0 0Cost and Mileage 25 8333
Others 3 10total 30 100
20
25
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
1
respondent
Appearance andweight
Speed and handling
Cost and Mileage
Others
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (8333) are consider cost and mileage
30
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Price Range of two-wheeler Bike
Price range Respondents Percentage () 20000-30000 5 1666
30001-40000 14 466640001-50000 10 3333
50001-above 1 333total 30 100
5
14
10
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1
Respondent
Price range would you prefer while purchasing a to wheeler
20000-30000
30001-40000
40001-50000
50001-above
Interpretation ndash It is found from the above table that majority of the respondents (4666) prefer 30001-40000 price range while purchasing a two wheeler
31
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Aware about Electric bike
Aware Respondents Percentage ()Yes 29 9666No 1 333
Total 30 100
Percentage of awarness of electric bike
Yes97
No3
Yes
No
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (97) in Raipur city are aware of Electric Bikes
32
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Sources of Information about electric-bike
Sources Respondents Percentage ()Newspapers 5 1666
TV commercials 12 40Relatives Friends 12 40
Any Others 1 333Total 30 100
5
12 12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1
Respondent
Sources of information about E-bikeNewspapers
TV commercials
Relatives Friends
Any Others
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (40) consider TV commercials and RelativesFriends is a main source of information
33
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Advertising influence your buying Decision
Buyer decision Respondents Percentage ()Strongly agree 3 10
agree 17 5666undecided 9 30
disagree 1 333Strongly disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
3
17
9
10
02
468
101214
1618
1
Respondent
Chart of buyer who is influences with ad Stronglyagree
agree
undecided
disagree
Stronglydisagree
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (5666) are agree to influenced by the while seeing advertising
34
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Seen the ad of e-bike
Seen Respondents Percentage ()Yes 24 8000No 06 2000
Total 30 100
Percentage of Person who is seen the ad of E-bike
80
20 Yes
No
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (80) in Raipur city are aware that electric bike by seen the ad of e_bike
35
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Basic features of Electric-bike you are aware of
features Respondents Percentage ()Low weight 5 1666
Low running cost 19 6333Registration not required 1 333
Others 5 1666Total 30 100
5
19
1
5
0
5
10
15
20
1
Respondent
Awarness of basic feature of E-bike
Low weight
Low running cost
Registration notrequired
Others
Interpretation - It is found from the above table that majority of respondents (6333) are aware the low running cost of electric bike
36
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
How would you rate of the electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate of E-bike comparison to conventional bike
0 02 102 20
1 306 40
4 506 60
7 702 80
0 900 100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Respondent
Interpretation - From the above table it is found that majority of respondents (2333) rate 70 of electric bike in comparison to conventional bike
Rate Respondents Percentage ()0 0 0
10 2 66620 2 66630 1 33340 6 2050 4 133360 6 2070 7 233380 2 66690 0 0
100 0 0Total 30 100
37
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
-
Factors are responsible for lower market share of E-bike compared to conventional bike
Appearance
0 50 4
7 310 2
8 1
3 -12 -2
0 -30 -40 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
respondent
Appe
aran
ceAppearance Respondents Percentage ()
+5 0 0+4 0 0+3 7 2333+2 10 3333+1 8 2667-1 3 10-2 2 667-3 0 0-4 0 0-5 0 0
Total 30 100
38
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Speed
1 50 4
3 39 2
11 1
0 -13 -2
2 -30 -4
1 -5-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Respondent
Sp
eed
Speed54
Speed Respondents Percentage ()+5 1 333+4 0 0+3 3 10+2 9 30+1 11 3667-1 0 0-2 3 10-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 1 333
Total 30 100
39
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Battery Backup
0 51 4
4 36 2
9 1
4 -12 -22 -3
0 -42 -5
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10
Respondent
Bat
tery
Bac
kup
FACTORS Respo ndents PERCENTAGE
Battery backup Respondents Percentage ()+5 0 0+4 1 333+3 4 1333+2 6 20+1 9 30-1 4 1333-2 2 667-3 2 667-4 0 0-5 2 667
Total 30 100
40
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
POSITIVE NEGATIVE +VE -VEAppearance 25 5 8333 1667
Speed 24 6 80 20
Battery Backup 20 10 6667 3433
Total 69 21 7667 2333
25
5
24
6
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Appearance Speed BatteryBackup
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOWER MARKET SHARE OF E-BIKE
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
Interpretation - According to respondent (3433) Battery Backup is one of the factor for lower market share of E_Bike becouse which is got 10 higest Negative response rather than others factors
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
DEFINITION OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis may be define as a proportion or a set of proportion set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as highly probable in the light of establish facts
41
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Hypothesis also define as a principle instrument in research and is predictable statement capable of being tested by scientific method that relate an independent variable to some variable
Some characteristics of hypothesis
1 Hypothesis should be clear and precise
2 It should be capable of being tested
3 It should state relationship between variables
4 It should be stated as far as possible in the most simple terms so that the same as easily understandably by all the concerned
5 It should be limited in scope and must be specific
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
Basic concept in the context hypothesis
1 Null hypothesis2 Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis (Ho)- consumerrsquos are not affected by advertising promotional strategy
Alternative hypothesis (Ha)- consumer are affected by advertising promotional strategy
Level of significance = 5
TEST ADOPTED
t-test was adopted
t-test t-test is based on t-distribution and is considered an appropriate test for
judging the significance of a sample mean or for judging the significance of
difference between the means of two samples in case of small sample(s) when
population variance is not known (in which case we use variance of the sample as
an estimate of the population variance
42
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Test of hypothesis-
i) Ho micro = 30 Ha micro ne 30
Factor not influence the consumer Factor influence the consumer
Consumer perception toward Consumer perception toward
Electric Bike Electric Bike
As the sample size is 30(since n=9) and the population standard deviation is not
known we shall use T-test assuming normal population and shall work out the
statistic T under
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
ii) To Find X and SD we make the following
X = sum (Xi )n
X = 1709=1888(Approx)
Standard Deviation = radicsum( Xi - X)2n-1
Degree of freedom = (n-1 ) = 9-1
= 8
= radic398859-1
sno Xi ( Xi ndash X ) (Xi ndash X )2
1 25 612 3745 2 14 -488 2381 3 29 1012 10241 4 12 -688 4733 5 17 -188 353 6 24 512 2621 7 19 012 001 8 7 -1188 14113 9 23 412 1697
170 39885
43
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
= radic398858
= radic4985
= 728
Xi -micro t =
SD radicn
micro = 30
1888-30 T = 728 radic9
= 1112242
= 459
The critical region for an alpha of 05
44
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
The value of t at 5 level of significance with 8 degree of freedom of two ndashtailed
test is 230
As the critical value of t is more than the calculated value Therefore Null
hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted
Null Hypothesis-
Ho = factor not influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
Alternative Hypothesis-
Ha ne Factor influence the consumer perception toward Electric Bike
LIMITATIONS
45
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Any research or study always has some limitations under which this has to
be undertaken This one too was not an exception These limitations are poised by the
environment hellip some external and some inherent This study has been conducted with
utmost consideration to the adequacy of data and quality of information though as
mention earlier the reliance on the sources can not be minimized to zero in context of
precision The limitation can be enlisted as hereunder-
1 The perception level of the respondents
2 Availability of documents as sources of secondary information
3 Reliability of information collected from various public information sources such as
magazines and website
4 Respondents are not willing to fill the questionnaire
5 Sometimes the respondents are not available at their place
6 Very often the respondent do not express their true feelings in such case their habit
preference practice cannot be assessed correctly
7 Some of the respondents refuse to give the important information best known to
them
However in spite of these limitations all efforts have been put to make the report correct genuine and fulfilling the objectives of the reports
46
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
FINDINGS
Majority of respondents ie 9666 are aware of Electric Bike in Raipur city
Most of respondents ie 5666 are agree to advertisements influence their buying
decision
Most of the respondents ie 8333 are consider the cost and mileage while
purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler
sectors
Battery Backup is one of the factor which is affected the sales of electric bike
47
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
On the basis of this study the following suggestions have been made to make the help in sales of electric bike more effective -
There is need to bring more awareness of various others feature of electric bike brings to a consumer mind by providing them vouchers and literatures in different regional languages
There should be free fair justified and honest competition amongst the various electric bike companies
Manufacturerdealer should be given timely information of the governments changed policies regarding two wheeler sector
CONCLUSION48
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
This research identified and evaluated the consumer perception toward various factor about electric bike The results of this research show that there is a combination of positive and negative effect of that factor on consumer perception Here most of the respondents are consider the cost and the mileage while purchasing a new bike so there are ample potential to electric bike in two wheeler sectors But their battery is one of the factor which is effected the sales of electric bike because its performance is not good
49
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book Reference
1 Kotler philip ldquoMarketing Managementrdquo New Delhi Prentice hall of India 2003
2 Kothari CR ldquo Research Methodologyrdquo New Delhi vishwa Prakash 2003
3 Robbins S P ldquoOrganizational Behavior New Delhi Pearson Education 2004 Tenth Edition Page no ndash 123 ndash 124
4 ldquoBusiness Research Methodsrdquo ICFAI books
Web Reference
1 wwwEVfuturecom
2 wwwinduselectranscom
Questionnaire50
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
Dear Sirmadam I am a MBA Student of Rungta College of engineering and Technology As a part of academic curriculum I am conducting a research on the topic ldquoA study of various factors which influence the consumer perception towards electric bike with the Special reference of Raipur regionrdquo I need your kind help and support to complete this research The success of this research will depend on your true and clear response So kindly provide me your opinion to fill these questionnaires I hereby declare that this information is kept confidential and will not be misused
Bhupendra Kumar Verma MBA-II(sem)
1 Name - ------------------------------------------------------
2 Age - -------------------------------------------------------------
3 Gender- a) Male b) Female
4 Occupation- Put a tick( ) mark against the right option a) Govt Employee b) Private Employee c) Self employed d) Others
5 Income per month ndash Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below 10000 b) 10001-20000 C) 20001-30000 d) 30001 and above
6 Size of family-Put a tick ( ) mark against the right option a) Below -4 b) 5-8 c) 9-12 d)12 and above
7 Members in family who are eligible to ride two wheelers a) below-2 b) 3-5 c) 5-7 d) 7- above
8 What important Features would you look for while purchasing a two ndashwheeler
51
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
a)Appearance and weight b)Speed and handling c)Cost and mileage d)Others
9 Which price range would you prefer while purchasing a two Wheeler a) 20000-30000 b) 30001-40000
c) 40001-50000 d) 50001 and above
10 Are you aware about Electric bikes a)Yes b) No
11 How did you come to know about e-bike a)news paper b)TV commercials c) RelativeFriends d) Any others
12Do advertisements influence your buying decision-
13 Have you seen the ad of E-bike a) Yes b) No
14 What are the basic features of e-bike you are aware of- a) Low weight b) Low running cost c) Registration not required d) Others
15 How would you rate the E-bike in comparison to conventional Bike
Best ------------------------------------------------------------worst100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
52
Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53
16 Which factor do you think responsible for lower market share of E-bike as compared to conventional bike+5 +5 +5+4 +4 +4+3 +3 +3+2 +2 +2+1 +1 +1
Appearance Speed Battery Backup-1 -1 -1-2 -2 -2-3 -3 -3-4 -4 -4-5 -5 -5
17 Please give your valuable suggestion to help increase the sales of E-bike
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks for your co-operation
53