RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

1.External respiration

2.Internal respiration

RESPIRATIONExternal Internal

Between environment and lungs

Between blood and cell

http://activity.ntsec.gov.tw/lifeworld/english/content/body_cc4.html

RESPIRATORY

TRACT

Bronchi

Epiglottis

TRACHEA

TUBULAR PASSAGEWAY FOR AIR

Bronchioles

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiT621PrrO0Respiration Video

The Mechanics of Breathing

DIAPHRAGMDome-shaped muscle attached to rib cage that contracts& flattens out during breathing

Observe what happens to the diaphragm.

PRESSUREforce of air pressing down

Less air particles- Low air pressure

More air particles- High air pressure

High to Low Pressure

(Many to Less)

How do you change the pressure?

Air pressure (outside air)

Air pressure (empty space)

Air pressure (inside balloon

Breathing – The Lungs

• Breathing animation

"nature hates a vacuum"

http://www.biosci.ohiou.edu/introbioslab/Bios170/diffusion/Diffusion.html

Breathing in - inhaling

• Rib cage– expands

• Diaphragm– moves downward

• Pressure– reduces inside lung

• Result – air is drawn into the lungs

Breathing out - exhaling• Rib cage– contracts

• Diaphragm– moves upward / inward

• Pressure– increases inside lung

• Result – air is pushed out of the lung

BREATHING

Breathing – The Lungs• Breathing animation

Write a paragraph explanation/ summary on how breathing works. Discuss the role of the ribcage and the diaphragm and how these creates a pressure difference so breathing can take place.

"nature hates a vacuum" http://www.biosci.ohiou.edu/introbioslab/Bios170/diffusion/Diffusion.html

Gas Exchange

Air Composition

Inhaled air

Nitrogen N2 – 79% Oxygen O2 – 20% CO2 – 0.04% Others - 0.96%

Exhaled air

Nitrogen N2 – 79% Oxygen O2 – 16% CO2 – 4% Others - 1%

Breathing – The Alveoli

• Diffusion– The movement of gas from an area of high

concentration to an area of low concentration.

http://patrickpoon.com/etp/Diffusion.html

http://www.biosci.ohiou.edu/introbioslab/Bios170/diffusion/Diffusion.html

DIFFUSION

http://patrickpoon.com/etp/Diffusion.html

Alveoli

CO2 and O2 exchanged at the same time

venule (deoxygenated blood)

arteriole (oxygenated blood)

Breathing – The Alveoli

O2

O2 O2

O2

O2 CO

2

CO2

CO2CO2

CO2

Breathing in Breathing outhigh concentrationof oxygen

high concentrationof carbon dioxide

low concentrationof oxygen

low concentrationof carbon dioxide

Diffusion

To the heart

From the heart

RespirationFood + Oxygen CO2 + water + ENERGY

Glucose + O2 CO2 + water + ENERGY

C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ENERGY

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY

Cell Respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy