Review and Wrap-up - TU Bergakademie Freiberg · 2018. 4. 17. · large fuel cells on syngas demonstrate ultra-deep syngas cleaning for fuel cells 90% availability commercial igcc

© IEA Clean Coal Centre www.iea-coal.org.uk

IEA Clean Coal Centre Members

Italy JapanRep. of Korea UK

Spain

BHEL

Anglo Coal

USA

ESKOM

Netherlands Group

BG Group

AustriaCanada

Germany

CEC

BRICC

ACIC

CANZ

Eletrobras DPG

SuekSIG

Schlumberger

Banpu

Poland

Arup

John Topper, Director, CCT2009, Dresden

Review and Wrap-up

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HEADLINES

CCT 2007Grandchildren to have electricity from coal through their lifetime

Coal can be part of the portfolio of solutions to long term climate protection

No single winning clean coal technology, but R & D worldwide is based on a core set of technologies

Different policies in different regions = different technology pathways

Many demos announced (but none for post combustion capture)

Financial and regulation under development but a long way to go

CCT 2009Grandchildren to have electricity from coal through their lifetime

Coal with CCS is indispensable in next decades

Still no single winning clean coal technology. Research on 2nd

generation technologies underway

Different policies in different regions = different technology pathways

Demo intentions hardened, inc post combustion but action delayed by regulation and finance until very recently

Regulation now becoming set in some major OECD countries. Finance still woefully inadequate.

0

2 000

4 000

6 000

8 000

10 000

12 000

14 000

16 000

18 000

1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

Mtoe

Other renewables

Hydro

Nuclear

Biomass

Gas

Coal

Oil

World energy demand expands by 45% between now and 2030 – an average rate of increase

of 1.6% per year – with coal accounting for more than a third of the overall rise

World primary energy demand in the Reference Scenario: this is unsustainable!this is unsustainable!

IEA WEO 2008

The continuing importance of coal in world primary energy demand

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Non‐OECD OECD

All other fuelsCoal

Shares of incremental energy demand

Reference Scenario, 2006 ‐

2030Increase in primary demand, 2000 ‐

2007

Demand for coal has been growing faster than any other energy source & is projected to

account for more than a third of incremental global energy demand to 2030

Mtoe

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1 000

Coal Oil Gas Renewables Nuclear

4.8%

1.6% 2.6%

2.2%

0.8%

% = average annual rate of growth

IEA WEO 2008

Making the best use of the EU’s indigenous energy resources (Heinz Hilbrecht EC DG Tren, CCT2009)

Clear objective for renewables, the EU's greatest potential source of indigenous energy

Coal remains an essential component of EU’s domestic energy supply as an important alternative to oil and gas – 30 % of power generation is based on coal

COM calls for all cost-effective measures to promote environmentally-compatible development of the EU’s indigenous fossil fuels

Technology is crucial; next step in the Strategic Energy Technology Plan to a Communication on Financing Low Carbon Technologies

Long-term use of coal requires highly-efficient plants and wide availability of CCS

The Reference Scenario: World electricity generation

0

2 000

4 000

6 000

8 000

10 000

12 000

14 000

16 000

2006 2030

TWh

Coal

Oil

Gas

Nuclear

Hydro

Biomass

Wind

Rest of renewables

The shares of coal & renewables in the power‐generation fuel mix increase to 2030 – mainly at the expense of natural gas & nuclear power

IEA WEO 2008

Global electricity generation (450 ppm Scenario)

This is what adopting a 450ppm CO2 concentration means in

terms of adjusted technology shares. Is it achievable?

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

2006 2030

Wind Hydrogen Other Renewables Biomass & Waste Hydro Nuclear Gas Oil Coal41%

18%

2%

6%

22%

20%

5%

9%

(1%)

21%

16%

1%1%

4%18%

40%15%

18%

World Energy Outlook 2008, IEA

adapted from VGB 2007; efficiency – HHV,net

Average worldwide

~28.4%

~1110 gCO2/kWh

~36%

~880 gCO2/kWh

EU average

~42%

~740 gCO2/kWh

State‐of‐the artPC/IGCC

CCS

<2020

~48%

~665 gCO2/kWh

Advanced R&D

but deep cuts only by

CO2 emission reduction by key technologies

gCO

2/kW

h

Energy Efficiency makes big change but deep cuts of CO2 emission

can be done only by

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)


Major Developments since 2007


E On 50% efficient plant

… 50 plus by using new materials

LocationEfficiency

Capacity

Investment

Start of operation

Wilhelmshaven50 %

500 MWe

1 billion €

2014

Size of plant Search for location

2007

Material developmentRequest for proposal

2010

ConstructionStart of operation

2014


China’s 1st Post Combustion CO2 Capture Pilot Plant

The design parameters are:

Flue gas flow to unit 2000-3000 Nm3/h

Steam consumption 3GJ/tonne CO2

Solvent consumption < 1.35 kg/tonne CO2

Owners: Huaneng

CSIRO assisted

Vattenfall’s 30 MWth oxy fuel carbon capture unit

Green Gen – The first Chinese IGCC with CO2 capture


Near Tiajin, southeast of Beijing. The first phase of GreenGen is expected on line in 2009, generating 250MWe, expanding to 650

megawatts in later phases.”nd phase with CO2 capture


OECD roadmapping – example of PCC

Current position (2009)

2009-2015

2015-2017

2017-2020

2020-2025

2025-2030

Post-2030

COMMERCIAL USC TO 25-30 MPa/600°C/620°C 46% NET, LHV, BITUM COALS, INLAND, EU, EVAP TOWER COOLING, (44%, HHV). ON HIGH MOISTURE LIGNITE 43% NET, LHV, SIMILAR CONDITIONS (37%, HHV)

COMMERCIAL USC TO 25-30 MPa/600°C/620°C

COMMERCIAL USC TO 25-30 MPa/600°C/620°C

R&D, PILOT TESTS Materials, cycles CO2 capture

700°C DEMOS R&D materials Sidestream CCS

FULL FLOW CCS DEMOS ON USC 600°C PLANTS

COMMERCIAL USC TO 35 MPa/700°C/720°C

ADVANCED FULL FLOW CCS DEMOS (scrubbing only for 700°C technology)

R&D Materials Novel post-comb Oxy-coal materials 700°C

COMMERCIAL CCS USC TO 35 MPa/700°C/720°C (scrubbing only for 700°C technology)

COMMERCIAL OXY-COAL USC TO 30 MPa/600°C/620°C

OXY-COAL CCS DEMO 700°C TECHNOLOGY

COMMERCIAL CCS USC TO 35 MPa/700°C/720°C ALL CAPTURE SYSTEMS

COMMERCIAL CCS USC ROUTINELY BEYOND 35MPa/700°C/720°C ALL CAPTURE SYSTEMS ALL COALS, ALL FIRING CONFIGURATIONS 45%+ NET, LHV, INC CO2 CAPTURE, ALL COALS

>700°C/>720°C DEMOS ALL WITH CCS, VARIOUS TYPES R&D materials

R&D Oxy-coal materials >700°C

Emissions on bitum coals: Particulates 5-10 mg/m3 SO2 <20 mg/m3 NOx 50-100 mg/m3 dry systems can give lower emissions

Emissions on all coals: Particulates 1 mg/m3 SO2 10 mg/m3 NOx 10 mg/m3 90% mercury removal

Near-zero emissions all coals: Particulates <1 mg/m3 SO2 <10 mg/m3 NOx <10 mg/m3 99% mercury removal 90% CO2 capture


OECD roadmapping – example of IGCC

Current position (2009) 2009-2015 2015-2017 2017-2020 2020-2025 2025-2030 Post-2030

5 DEMOS/EX- DEMOS OPERATE, 250-300MWe VARIOUS ENTRAINED GASIFIERS ON VARIOUS COALS 600 MWe COMMERCIAL PLANTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION. HIGHER CAP. COST THAN PCC BUT COST W. CAPTURE COMPETITIVE. 40-43% NET, LHV, 46% NEW PLANTS (LATEST F-TURBINES) ON BITUMINOUS COALS

CONSTRUCT COMMERCIAL PLANTS WITH LATEST F AND W TURBINES

85% AVAILABILITY COMMERCIAL PLANTS WITH LATEST F- AND W-CLASS GTs. SOME WITH PARTIAL CAPTURE COMMERCIAL OP OF NEW WATER QUENCH GASIFIERS

R&D AND PILOT REDUCE CAP COST INCREASE AVAILABILITY EXTEND RANGE OF COALS GAS TURBINE DEVELOPMENTS OPTIMISE IGCC BLOCKS DEVELOPMENT OF DRY SYNGAS CLEANING NON-CRYOGENIC AIR SEPARATION, e.g. ITM

FULL FLOW PRE-COMB CCS DEMOS USING SHIFT+SCRUBBING

COMMERCIAL PLANTS OPERATING WITH H- GTs ABLE TO BURN HIGH HYDROGEN FULL CO2 CAPTURE AVAILABLE CAPITAL COST COMPARABLE WITH PCC FOR NON-CAPTURE SYSTEMS EFFICIENCY 50%+ LHV BASIS ON ALL COALS (NO CO2 CAPTURE)

CO2 CAPTURE AS STANDARD USING GAS SEPARATION MEMBRANES CAPITAL COST LOWER THAN PCC WITH CCS 45%+, LHV, INC CO2 CAPTURE, ALL COALS ITM OXYGEN AS STANDARD WITH ITM-OPTIMISED H2 GT DRY GAS CU INCL MERCURY FUEL CELLS IN SOME PLANTS EVENTUALLY OTHER SYSTEMS WITH CO2 GTs CO2/H2O GTs

COMMERCIAL SCALE DEMO OF DRY GAS CLEANUP DEMONSTRATE ITM O2 IN IGCC WITH ITM-OPTIMISED GT PROVE ABOVE

OPERATE ON HIGH HYDROGEN FUELS WITH SATISFACTORY NOx EMISSIONS SO CAPTURE COMPATIBLE

DEMONSTRATE ITM OXYGEN SUPPLY IN IGCC

DEVELOP CO2 GTs DEMONSTRATE LARGE FUEL CELLS ON SYNGAS DEMONSTRATE ULTRA-DEEP SYNGAS CLEANING FOR FUEL CELLS

90% AVAILABILITY COMMERCIAL IGCC WITH H-CLASS GTSs WITH ULTRA-LOW NOx ON HYDROGEN FUEL

REDUCE COST EXTEND RANGE OF COALS ITM DEMO ON IGCC (PARTIAL FLOW) DEMOS OF HGCU SIDESTREAM GAS CU+FUEL CELL

ADVANCED CCS DEMOS

HGH AVAILABILITY COMMERCIAL PLANTS OPERATING WITH LATEST F- AND W-CLASS GTs VARIOUS GASIFIER TYPES

DEMONSTRATE NON-CRYOGENIC AIR SEPARATION

DEVELOP H-CLASS IGCC GT DEVELOP GT FOR ITM CYCLES DEVELOP NOVEL GASIFIER DESIGNS NEW POWER CYCLES PILOT GAS CLEANING+ FUEL CELLS TESTS

SLIPSTREAM TEST OF FUEL CELL ON ULTRA-CLEAN SYNGAS

Emissions: Particulates <1 mg/m3 SO2 <20 mg/m3 NOx <50 mg/m3; SCR will allow lower levels Mercury capture demonstrated

Emissions: Particulates 0.1 mg/m3 Emissions of SO2 and NOx <10 mg/m3 90% mercury removal

Near-zero emissions, all coals: Particulates 0.1 mg/m3 SO2 <10 mg/m3 NOx <10 mg/m3 99% mercury removal

Largest CO2 Storage ProjectsCourtesy IEA GHG

Sleipner capturing and injecting 1Mt/y CO2 since 1996

Weyburn capturing and injecting 1.6

Mt/y CO2 since 2000

In-Salah capturing and injecting 0.8 Mt/y CO2 since 2004

Snohvit capturing and injecting 0.7Mt/y CO2

since 2008

Rangeley injecting

0.8 Mt/y CO2 since 1980’s

CO2 wellUtsira Fm.

Sleipner CO2 injection 1994

2001

2008

2008-1994

CO2 plume in map view

Time-lapse seismic data

Non-Technical Issues

Regulation advancing now onto statute books

Permitting may run into opposition regarding storage – public attitudes are the next most crucial hurdle

Finance starting to flow but sporadic

STILL NO INTEGRATED CCS DEMO on COAL –will we be closer by CCT2011?

Will we meet the 20/20/20 target?


CLOSING COMMENTS & THANKS


CCT 2009 – What did we cover? (almost 400 of us and about 150 papers)

Keynotes:Position of German Government on continued need for coal useContinued extensive use of coal inevitable but with CCS after 2020Energy security and clean coal needed with CCSData on CO2 storage is becoming more, better and convincingKey role of materials Industry view from Siemens on application of IGCC and post combustion

Technical topicsCoal gasification – many aspectsCarbon capture –many aspects with a lot on oxy fuelCoal to LiquidsCombustion and Chemical LoopingCo-utilisation of Coal and Biomass; Underground Coal GasificationProgrammes and regional perspectives

THANKS TO AUTHORS, SPEAKERS & CHAIRS


What did we Achieve?

Contributing to the Agenda for Coal which now extends right into the highest reaches of national and international policies

Influencing and reinforcing messages on the urgency & importance of RD & D for both short term improvements and the long term drive towards a carbon free power plant

Almost 400 people came here , over 30 countries Coverage of coal

utilisation: o Policy and emerging

none technical barriers

o Long term technology development

o Short-medium term technology needs

o Coal Science Superb networking in a friendly atmosphere


Thanks to Sponsors and Supporters and Organisers

Thanks to

FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ECONOMICS AND TECHNOLOGY who gave their patronage

FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JUELICH and the INSTITUTE of ENERGY PROCESSING ENGINEERING and CHEMICAL ENGINEERING at TU BERKAKADAMIE FREIBERG who organised the conference alongside staff of IEA CLEAN COAL CENTRE

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DRESDEN for further support

VATTENFALLFREISTSAAT SACHSENRWEVGBSIEMENS Who all sponsored the conference

CCT 2011 in ZARAGOZA, SPAIN


May 2011

Zaragoza is the capital of the

region of Aragon.

Population 667.000, ranking

fifth in Spain. Weather average (May)Average 17 ºCMaximum 23 ºC Minimum 11 °C Humidity 56 %. Precipitation: 44 mm

Instituto de Carboquima (ICB)to organize the

2011 Clean Coal Technology- on behalf the Spanish Carbon Group -

Zaragoza - Tourist Information

www.turismo.ayto-zaragoza.eswww.turismodearagon.com

http://www.turismo.ayto-zaragoza.es/

http://www.turismodearagon.com/


FAREWELL Until the next time – CCT2011 - Zaragoza

Enjoy the Technical Visits

Travel home safely!

www.iea-coal.org.uk

http://www.iea-coal.org.uk/

Documents

Review and Wrap-up - TU Bergakademie Freiberg · 2018. 4. 17. · large fuel cells on syngas demonstrate ultra-deep syngas cleaning for fuel cells 90% availability commercial igcc