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ReviewVisual System Modeling

Tools

Todd BacastowPenn State University

Geospatial System Analysis & Design

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Representing System Architecture

Conceptual Physical

Logical View Implementation View

Process View Deployment View

Use Case View

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Relationship Between Models and Diagrams

Use CaseDiagramsUse Case

DiagramsUse CaseDiagrams

ScenarioDiagramsScenario

DiagramsCollaborationDiagrams

StateDiagramsState

DiagramsComponentDiagrams

ComponentDiagramsComponent

DiagramsDeploymentDiagrams

StateDiagramsState

DiagramsObjectDiagrams

ScenarioDiagramsScenario

DiagramsStatechartDiagrams

Use CaseDiagramsUse Case

DiagramsSequenceDiagrams

StateDiagramsState

DiagramsClassDiagrams

ActivityDiagrams

Models

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Use Cases

• Describe interactions between users and computer systems (both called actors) .

• Capture user-visible functions. • Achieve discrete measurable

goals.• Are typically used during

Analysis and Design.

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Use Cases

Actor A

Your SystemUse Case

Actor B

Actor A

Use case disgrams(UML)

Use Case

Use Case

Use Case

Use Case

Actor C

Data

Interface

Application

Use case diagramUse case list

Expended use case

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Use Case Diagram

Telephone Customer

In-StoreCustomer

Clerk

Identify Movie

Open Account

Return Movie

Customer

ReviewAccount Status

Actor

Use Case

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Use Case Report

• The Use Case Report provides documentation for the Use Case.

• A Use Case is not complete without the report.

• The elements of the Use Case Report are shown on the right.

• Brief description• Precondition• Flow of events

– Main flow– Subflows– Alternate flows

• Postcondition• Special Requirements• Enclosures

– Diagrams– Pictures of the UI

• Brief description• Precondition• Flow of events

– Main flow– Subflows– Alternate flows

• Postcondition• Special Requirements• Enclosures

– Diagrams– Pictures of the UI

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Class Diagrams

• Are the most fundamental UML Diagram.

• Describe the classes in the system, and the static relationships between classes.

• Class diagrams are used during Analysis, Design and Development.

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UML Class Diagram

DVD Movie VHS Movie Video Game

Rental Item

Rental Invoice

1..*1

Customer

Checkout Screen

1

0..1

1

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UML Class Diagram

DVD Movie VHS Movie Video Game

Rental Item{abstract}

Rental Invoice

1..*1

Customer

Checkout Screen

0..1

1

Simple

Association

Class

Abstract

Class

Simple

Aggregation

Generalization

Composition

(Dependency)

Multiplicity

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Parts of a Class

• Classes can have four parts– Name– Attributes– Operations– Responsibilities

• Classes can show visibility and types.

• All parts but the Name are optional.

MyClassName

+SomePublicAttribute : SomeType

-SomePrivateAttribute : SomeType

#SomeProtectedAttribute : SomeType

+ClassMethodOne()

+ClassMethodTwo()

Responsibilities

-- can optionally be described here.

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Collaboration Diagrams

• Collaboration diagrams describe interactions and links

• Focus on exchange of messages between objects

• Appears during Analysis phase• Enhanced during Design phase

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:Check-out Manager

:Customer

:Inventory

1: enter_customer()

3: enter_movies()

5: add(customer, movies)

7: print invoice() 2: IsValidCust(CustId)

4:GetMovieByBarcode()

Collaboration Diagram

:Clerk

Object

Message

:Rented Items

8: generateRentalTotal()

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Sequence Diagrams

• Can be “morphed” from Collaboration Diagrams.

• Describe interactions between objects arranged in time sequence

• Focus on objects and classes involved in the scenario and the sequence of messages exchanged

• Associated with use cases• Used heavily during Analysis phase

and are enhanced and refined during Design phase

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Sequence Diagram

1: find customer()2: search (string)

4: search (string)

6: add(Cust, item)

3: enter movie()

5: rent (movie)

7: printInvoice() 8: generateRentalTotal()

Object

Lifeline

ActivationMessage

:CheckoutMgr :InventoryCust:Customer :RentedItems:Employee

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Component Diagram

«applica tion»V ideo

W orksta tion(vsta tion .exe)

« lib rary»D B S erverIn terface

(dbsvr.d ll)

Supplied byM icrosoft

«lib rary»A pplica tionFram ework(appfr.d ll)

Component

Interface

Dependency

Note

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C heck O ut Term ina l:C lerk C lien t

P hone C lerk Term ina l:C lerk C lien t

:S tore S erver

S erverD B

S toreS erver

A pp«TC P /IP »

«TC P /IP »

Node

Communication

Association

Deployment Diagram

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Identify Caller

Create Account

Obtain Name& Address

Open Account?Current

Customer? [no] [no]

[yes][yes]

Action State

Start State

Decision

End State

Activity Diagram

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Identify Movie

PlaceOrder

Place Order

FillOrder

Pay

DeliverMovie

PickupMovie

Customer Manager Walking Clerk

Fork Point

Join Point

CollectMoney

Swimlanes and Fork/Join Points

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State Diagram

Validate

do/checkaccount

custom er appears

Check-Out

do/check-outvideo

[account valid ]/get first video

[m ore videos]/get next video

Check-OutComplete

[no m ore videos]

[account notvalid]State

Transition

Activity

Guard

Action

Event

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UML Diagram Usage

Development Phase

UML Diagrams

Analysis Use Cases, Class Diagrams, Activity Diagrams, Collaboration Diagrams, Sequence Diagrams

Design Class Diagrams, Collaboration Diagrams, Sequence Diagrams, State Diagrams, Component Diagrams Deployment Diagrams

Development Collaboration Diagrams, Sequence Diagrams, Class Diagrams, State Diagrams, Component Diagrams, Deployment Diagrams

Implementation Package Diagrams, Deployment Diagrams