Preface

The report has been made under the rules and

regulations of CSVTU. The report basically

consists of the location and facilities of city prime,

different tests performed at construction site,

methodology of work, materials and equipments

used and live problems identified at the

construction site. The report has been made under

guidance of Er. V.K. Pandey. We sincerely thank

him for giving his precious time and guidance. We

are acknowledged to have our training work at

Rishabh city prime.

IntroductionThe Rishabh City Prime is a new concept of

residential apartments consists of 11 towers each

having 20– 2&3 BHK flats. Special care has been

taken in planning to place all flats as corner flats to

ensure sufficient light and ventilation. The 16

towers are assigned as A, B, C, D, E, H, I, J, K, L,

M blocks. Each block is of G+ 5 types. The

Rishabh Prime city is shown in a layout below:-

The super buildup area of each flat is 974 sq. ft.

The plan of one floor is shown below:-

Amenities at rishabh primeI) Badminton court

II) Gymnasium with modern equipment

III) Club house for indoor games

IV) Furnished AC guest rooms

V) Garden with beautiful landscaping

VI) Concrete road & covered drain

VII) Adequate street lights with power backup

Project teamY.L. Chandak – Architect

R.K. Sarda – Structural Engineer

Lalit Jain – Financial Advisor

Rajkumar Shukla – Legal Advisor

V.K. Pandey, Shahid Khan – Project Engineer

Rishabh builder projectsOther than Rishabh city prime, Rishabh Builders

are constructing Rishabh Green City which

contains high, medium and lower range of semi

detached duplex and single flats such as Ruby,

Topaz, and Pearl which are respectively shown in

the plan below:-

RUBY

TOPAZ

PEARL

Building materialsCement: The cement used for construction is the

Birla AA1 cement. The cement is Portland

pozzolana cement fly ash based as per

IS1489:1976. The use of pozzolana (fly ash) in

cement reduces segregation & bleeding. The

addition of pozzolana to the cement is nearly about

30%.Some of the test result for cement is:

Initial setting time of the cement - 159 min

Final setting tine of the cement - 294 min

Finess of cement is nearly 93% passing.

Specific gravity of cement – 3.14

Compressive strength of cement –

3 days strength – 260 kg/sq.cm

7 days strength – 340 kg/sq.cm

Aggregates: The aggregates are divided as coarse

aggregates (grit) & fine aggregates (sand). The

aggregates are coming from SLC, RLC aggregate

quarries.

Coarse aggregates: Aggregates retained on 4.75

mm IS sieves are the coarse aggregates. The

nominal sizes of coarse aggregates for concrete

mix design are 20mm.The coarse aggregates. The

aggregates used are angular in shape which

provides good bonding strength. The grit used is

sandstones.

20mm

Fine aggregates: The aggregate passing through a

4.75 mm IS sieves are the fine aggregates (sand).

The sand used is coarse sand for making the

concrete and other is the plaster sand. The sand

should confirm to the latest IS: 383.

Steel: The steel used as the reinforcement o

concrete are in the form of rods. These rods are of

Thermo Mechanically Treated (TMT) type. The

TMT rods using is GOEL TMT, HARIOM TMT.

The TMT using is Fe 500 that is its yield strength

is 500MPa conforming to IS: 1786. The available

TMT at the site are of diameter 6mm, 8mm,

10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm and 25mm .The

standard unit weights for TMT are:

Diameter Unit weight 6mm 0.221kg/m38mm 0.395kg/m310mm 0.625kg/m312mm 0.888kg/m3 16mm 1.58kg/m3 20mm 2.47kg/m3 25mm 3.85kg/m3

The 6mm bars are used as the stirrups.

Concrete: - the concrete in use is of M25 grade for

the superstructure and foundation. For PCC, M15

grade concrete is used.

Bricks: - The bricks that are in use are of fly ash

bricks and traditional red bricks. The fly ash bricks

are coming from different state government

approved fly ash brick industries. The sizes of

these bricks are 9”x 4.5”x 3” . The purpose of

using these bricks is only to utilize the dispose off

fly ash from industries. The water absorption of

these bricks is higher than that of traditional bricks.

The Red bricks are coming from

SLC, RLC and HB brick manufacturing industries.

TestsThe two tests which are performed at the site are

concrete cube test for determining the strength of

concrete and slump test for determining the degree

of workability.

Concrete cube test:

The concrete cube test is done to check the

crushing strength of different grades of the

concrete. The cubes are of the sizes 15cm x 15cm

x 15cm. For the determination of the crushing

strength it is required to have compression testing

machine. For proper workability the w/c ratio

varies from 0.4-0.6. If it is decreased to less than

0.4 there is result of honey- combed structure.

Slump test: The slump test is done to measure the

workability of concrete. For the slump test a

conical mould is used having bottom diameter of

200mm, top diameter of 100mm & height of

300mm. The slump observed at the site should be

in between 80mm to 110mm.

Slump checking for RCC for footing

Design of M25 concrete: - One of the design

parameters of M25 grade is as follows:-

Characteristic compre. Strength= 25N/sq.mm.

Target 28days compr. Strength= 32.1N/sq.mm

Mean 7days compressive strength= 22.2N/sq.mm

Design prop. Water cement sand coarse agg

Prop. By wt. 0 .5 1.0 1.7 3.70

Material/cu.m 167lts. 335 569.5 1239.5

in kg

Material/bag 25lts 50 110.7 185

of cement in kg

Construction detailsExcavation :- The excavation for a footing size of

8’x 7’ is done with centre line marking of column

of 6” is done from sides of footing in order to have

the centre line markings not being removed due to

excavation.

Foundations: - There are three types of

foundations in use at site are:-

I) Open foundations

II) Column foundations

III) Pile foundations

In open foundation, brick work is used. This type

of foundation is used in the medium range of semi

detached single floored flat.

Column foundations are in common use

for high range and multistoried buildings. The

sloped footings are used. For e.g.:- a column of

size 9”x 24” a footing of size of 7’x 8’ is used.

The pile foundations are used in case

of a soil having lower SBC e.g. black cotton soil.

They are also the low range of foundations. The

site calculations for the load bearing capacity of a

pile are as follows: -

8” dia. – 8-10T

10” dia. – 15T

12” dia. – 18T

15” dia. – 22.5T

The 12” dia. pile is more preferred.

Walls: - The wall thickness of 9” is used and with

the relevant long wall and short wall. The column

of rectangular shape of size 24”x 9” with length in

long wall and width in short wall. The purpose is

only to have architectural beauty.

Equipments usedVibrators: - for compacting the concrete after its

placement, concrete vibrators are used. At the site,

needle vibrators are used which is powered by

diesel engine with 10000 to 15000 vibrations per

minute at amplitude between 0.8 to 1.6 mm.The

vibrators can be lifted and can be placed near the

work manually.

Drum mixers: - the mixer in use at the site is

loader fed tilting drum 10/7 concrete mixer. These

are tilting type of mixers. “10/7” means mixer

takes 10cuft of unmixed material and gives 7cuft

of mixed concrete in each batch.

Tower hoist: - wide variety of tower hoist is

manufactured in sync with international quality

standards. For safety purpose, we offer tower hoist

with automatic brakes. Our tower hoist performs

flawlessly and possess the load capacity of 250

liters. These tower hoists are offered by us at

industry leading prices and as per the need of the

clients.

MODEL NO.: G.T.H. - 6 BATCH

CAPACITY: 10/7 CFT (250 Ltrs.)

SPECIFICATIONS: 50 FT/110 FT/200 FT

HEIGHT, WITH TILTING BUCKET

PNEUMATIC WHEEL TYPE WINCH N.B.,

PIPE SCAFFOLD CHARGES ARE EXTRA.

POWER UNIT:

(1) 10 H.P. / 15 H.P. AIR COOLED DIESEL

ENGINE OR

(2) 10 H.P. ELECTRIC MOTOR.

Live problems identified at siteThe main problems are the poor quality control,

lack of engineer’s supervision, use of unskilled

labors and use of fully hydrated cement for making

concrete which are shown in the following

images:-

HYDRATED CEMENT

POOR QUALITY FINISHING

The problems at the site can be rectified by

appointing more engineers, skilled supervisors and

giving proper training and instructions to the

labors.

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