Development of Tools for Risk Assessment and Risk Communication for Hydrogen Applications

By Angunn Engebø and Espen Funnemark, DNVICHS, Pisa 09. September 2005

Risk Assessment and Communication

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Introduction

• Risk management and accidents

• Definitions…

• The Hydrogen Incident and Accident Database HIAD

• The use of data for Risk assessment, Improvement of safety and Demonstration of safety

Arabdrill 19

Piper Alpha; “the day after”

“Disasters…. happen when

the decisions are made by

people who cannot

remember what

happened last time”

Daily Telegraph, 17 May 1990

“It might seem to an outsider

that industrial accidents occur

because we do not know how

prevent them. In fact they

occur because we do not use

the knowledge that is

available” Trevor Kletz

KNOWLEDGE OF PAST ACCIDENTSKNOWLEDGE OF PAST ACCIDENTS

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Managing RISK

• Controlling risk• Being wise BEFORE

the unwanted event• Learning by one’s

mistakes and…• Learning by OTHERS’

mistakes

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Managing RISK

• Controlling risk• Being wise BEFORE

the unwanted event• Corporate learning• Cross Sectorial

learning

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Disabling injury/Fatality

Less serious injuries

Material damage

1

Incident/“near-miss”accident

8

17

94

SYNERGIDatabase

Incidents AND Accidents

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

How to prevent accidents

• Understanding how accidents occur– Initiation (Causes)– Propagation (Consequences)– Barriers (Safety functions)

• Implementing measures to prevent the initiation AND to limit the propagation

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

How to demonstrate safety

• Understanding how accidents occur

• Implementing measures to prevent the initiation AND to limit the propagation

• Demonstrating how the implemented measures will prevent recurrence of previous accidents

• TOOLS: Risk Assessment and Accident Data

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

What is Risk ?

“the combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm” (ISO/IEC Guide 51)

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Risk Assessment & Management

What can go wrong?

How often? How big?

So what?

What do I do?

HAZID

FREQUENCY ASSESMENT

CONSEQUENCE ASSESMENT

RISK ASSESSMENT

RISK RISK MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Objectives of HySafe WP5 HIAD

• A common methodology and format for hydrogen accident/incident data collection and storage

• A tool for providing input to risk management and assessments

• A source for understanding hydrogen accident phenomena, scenarios and hazard potential

• Encourage and facilitatate industry partners to share experience

Web-serverWeb-serverclient

client

client

client

client

client

HTML Graphical

User Interface (GUI)

Hydrogen Incident and

Accident Data

Hydrogen Incident and

Accident Data

Structured Hydrogen

Incident and Accident Data

Structured Hydrogen

Incident and Accident Data

HIADHIAD

HIAD Hydrogen Incident & Accident Database

HIAD Administration

Pre-event conditions

Nature of event

Post-event actions

Conse-quences of event

References

HIAD Administration

• Index

• Information sources

• Dates of entry and last revision

• HIAD operator and data providerdetails

Pre-event conditions

• Date and time of event

• Weather conditions

• Geographical location

• Type of H2 application

• Operation phase or mode

Nature of event

• Systems and componentsaffected or involved

• Chain of events

• Causal relations

• Relevant safety systems andemergency response

• Releases, fire and explosionspecifications/details

Consequences of event

• Fatalities and injuries

• Property, environment andeconomical loss and damage;description and costs involved

Post-event actions

• Clean-up and restoration

• Legal/legislation initiatives

• Lessons learned

• Investments made

HIAD References

• Hyperlinks/references to filesand documents, web-sites, etc.

• Specification of attachments,e.g. maps, drawings, photos, etc

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Hazard Identification

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Frequency Assessment

• Models – probabilistic

• Tools: Fault tree assessment

• Prerequisites:– Accident data/RAM data– ”Exposure” data– Relevance/applicability– Amount of data Improve Precision

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Consequence Assessment

• What are the likely consequences ?

• Are the modelled consequences comparable to a real accident ?

• Tools : – Event Tree Analysis – Consequence models

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Is the risk acceptable ?

• Are our employees exposed to a higher risk ?

• Are the measures implemented to protect our neighbours effective ?

• Do the neighbours feel safe ?• Risk acceptance criteria under

development in HySafe WP12 utilizing HIAD and other available accident and reliability data

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

What to do ?

• Managing risk

• Selecting effective preventive and mitigating measures

• Demonstration of safety:

CREATE TRUST IN PUBLIC

SAFE INTRODUCTION OF H2

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Thanks to our HySafe partners

WP 5 HIADDNV

JRC

Air Liquide

HSE/HSL

INERIS

Norsk Hydro

TNO

Volvo

WP 12 RA methods– DNV– Norsk Hydro– CEA– FZK– HSE/HSL– INASMET– INERIS– JRC– Risø

ICHS, Pisa 8-10. September 2005

Thank you for your attention