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Pierre Y. Julien
River Engineering and Modeling
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, Colorado
River Mechanics and Sediment Transport
Lima Peru – January 2016
Objectives
Brief overview of methods and case studies for river engineering and modeling:
1. Degradation, Scour and Gravel Mining;
2. Aggradation, Sedimentation and Flushing;
3. Dredging and Sediment Management.
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1. Degradation, Scour and Gravel Mining
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4
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October 1998 Flood
Flood Prone Areas (Oct 1998 Flood)
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Channel realignment
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Sand and Gravel Mining
Kampong Kubang Bedengong Kampong Lubok Segintah
River Sand Mining
Sand Mining Pumping Activity
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Longitudinal Flood Profile for Sg Muda (Q=1340m3/s)
Mud
a B
arra
ge
Mer
deka
B
ridg
e
Exp
ress
way
Bri
dge
Rai
lway
Bri
dge B
ridg
e
Pip
e
Bri
dge
Off-stream Sand and Gravel Mining
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•Diversion to Sg. Merbok not
recommended
• Likely sedimentation
upstream of Muda Barrage
2. Aggradation, Sedimentation and Flushing
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QQQQin s in in s in
Qs out Q s in Q out Q in<
=Q out Q in=Qs out Qs in>
2 W W
2 WW
Convergence implies
degradation
Divergence implies
aggradation
a) b)
Environmental Considerations
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Example 3-D Model Mississippi
DykesPGC1
Slide 24
PGC1 Typical dike construction on the Mississippi RiverPhil Combs, 8/29/2002
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Cottage Bend
1995
1976
1984
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From JulienRiver MechanicsCUP 2002
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L&D No. 3
Locks and Dams
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Sedimentation Problems Can Be Solved
Bengal and Indus
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Sediment Flushing
CSU Hydraulics Laboratory
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3. Dredging and Sediment Management
Dredging Methods in the US and South Korea
Pierre Y. JulienColorado State University
World Water ForumDaegu, April 2015
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DragC - 2000 ppm
Pump
Hoppers
Overflow C - 20 000 ppm
GantryH frame A frame
HoistPumpDischarge line
SpudSuction line
Ladder
C - 10 000 ppmCutterhead basket
Closed-nose basket Open-nose basket
A frame
Anchor lines
DustpanLadder
Short dis- charge pipe
Water injectionDetail of dustpan
(a) Hopper dredge
(b) Dustpan dredge
(c) Cutterhead dredge
Suction line
Cutterhead
Anchor
Port swing cable
Dredge
Starboard swing cable
Anchor
Spud up Spud down
Pontoon
Flexible discharge
To disposal site
•Dipper Dredge, NY, USACE
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Clamshell Dredge
•Mystic River Clamshell Dredge, New England District, USACE
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Hopper Dredge
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Dustpan Dredge
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Cutterhead Dredge
Cutterhead Dredge
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•Closed-nose Basket Cutterhead Dredge, Delaware River, USACE
•Open-nose Basket Cutterhead Dredge, Savannah River , USACE
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Disposal site for dredged material
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•Middle Rio Grande, NM, USBR
•Middle Rio Grande, NM, USBR
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•Middle Rio Grande, NM, USBR
River Widening and RetrofittingNakdong River near Busan, South Korea
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Nakdong River Estuary Barrage
•from Ji et al. ASCE-JHE, Nov. 2011
Nakdong River Estuary Barrage
64•Photo of Sangju Weir in South Korea from Hwayoung Kim
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Dr. Everett Richardson, CSUCinzia Santoro, U. CataniaDr. Carl Nordin, CSU Dr. Chris Thornton, CSU Dr. Drew Baird, USBRDr. Sangkil Park, PNUDr. Un Ji, KICTDr. Sangdo An, K-waterJonathan Aubuchon, USBRRobert Padilla, USBRDr. Aminuddin Ab Ghani, USM Dr. Azazi Zakaria, USMDr. Dan Gessler, Halden lab.Dr. Phil Combs, ERDCPatrick O’Brien, CRREL and ERDCHwayoung Kim, K-water and CSUDr. Tom Pokrefke, ERDC… so many others …
