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7B  defining relative clauses

Use defining relative clauses to say which person, thing, or place you are talking about.for people who / that Fred’s the man who cleans the school.

A dentist is someone that takes care of people’s teeth.for things which / that A watch is a thing which shows the time.

A dictionary is a book that tells you the meanings of words.

for places where This is the office where I work.

• When you use a relative pronoun (who / which / that / where) you don’t need to use a subject or object pronoun (he / they / it / her / them, etc.).

>> Now go to exercises 7.1 and 7.2 to practise.

7C  can / can’t (permission)

Use can to give permission (to say it’s OK to do something).Use can’t (= cannot) to refuse permission (to say it isn’t OK to do something).+ – ?I / You / We / They can borrow the bike.

I / You / We / They can’t smoke here.

Can I / you / we / they go out?

He / She / It can use my mobile phone.

He / She / It can’t park here.

Can he / she / it use your car?

Short answersYes, I / you / we / they can. No, I / you / we / they can’t.Yes, he / she / it can. No, he / she / it can’t.

• Use an infinitive without to after can.>> Now go to exercises 7.3 and 7.4 to practise.

7D  because, so

Use because to explain why something happens.

I was late for work because I missed the bus.

Use so to explain what the result is.

I missed the bus so I was late for work.

>> Now go to exercises 7.5 to practise.

 prepositions of place: in / on / at

in for an enclosed space (e.g. rooms, towns, continents)

My brother works in a big hotel.The children are in the playground.

for private cars and taxis He went to work in his car.

on for surfaces (e.g. rivers, mountains) and lines (e.g. paths, coasts, roads)

We’ve got a villa on the Mediterranean coast.We had a lovely holiday on the River Thames.

for public transport (e.g. planes, trains, buses, boats)

She got a job on a ship.I don’t like travelling on buses.

at for a particular point, or building We met at the station.Wait at the reception desk.

with home and work They’re at work.He’s working at home.

to say where people study He’s a pupil at Park School.My daughter is at university.

>> Now go to exercise 7.6 to practise.

7.1 Match 1–8 with a–h.1 e A chemist is a person2 A canteen is a place 3 A mechanic is someone 4 A bus is a vehicle 5 A postman is someone 6 A camera phone is a phone7 An airport is a place 8 A classroom is a place a that mends cars. b where planes arrive and leave.c which carries people around town.d that takes pictures. e who sells medicines. f where you have lessons. g who brings letters to your house.h where you eat in a school.

7.2 Underline the correct word.Example He’s the man that / he mended our car.1 This is the house where / which we had a party. 2 He’s the man who / he teaches my children.3 Our college has a machine that / who makes hot drinks.4 A nurse is someone that / where works in a hospital.5 What do you call a shop where / which you buy newspapers?6 French is one of the subjects that / it we study at school.

7.3 Order the words to make sentences and questions.Example photocopy can a make I ? Can I make a photocopy?1 have a can today we lunch break long ?2 can’t you in office smoke the 3 jeans you at wear work can ?4 the use can’t you computer boss’ 5 classroom in we eat our can’t

7.4 Complete the library rules with can / can’t and a verb from the box.

3 read make do 7  play eat bring write

Example You can’t write in the library books.1 You photocopies on the library photocopier.2 You food in the library.3 You newspapers in the library.4 You computer games at the library.5 You your homework here.6 You animals into the library.

7.5 Complete the sentences using because or so.Example I was ill so I stayed at home.1 Your boss was angry you were late this morning.2 The roads aren’t very good, Rajendra uses a bicycle to

deliver the mail.3 I joined a travel agency I can get cheap holidays.4 Sua doesn’t sign her name, she can’t write.5 It’s the weekend, we don’t have to work today.6 He’s learning English he wants to work in the USA.

7.6 Right or wrong? Tick (3) or correct the sentences.Example Don’t run on the corridor. Don’t run in the corridor.1 I don’t like travelling at busy trains.2 My sister’s studying Maths at university.3 Their house is in the south coast. 4 Meet me in the coffee machine.5 Holly and Anna work in an office.6 They got on the taxi and sat down.