Road to Civil War, Civil War and ReconstructionChapter 2

I. Mexican War

II. Treaty of Guadalupe HidalgoFeb. 1848Ends Mexican WarCA, NM (including UT, NV, AZ)Rio Grande River the southern boundaryMexico gets $15 million

III. 1850sDecade of Crisis

1850sDecade of Crisis (contd)184980,000+ flood CACA a free or slave state?CA a slave state?Extend the Missouri Line?

IV. Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850 (contd)CA free stateSlavery unrestricted in UT & NM territoriesTX gets $10 million for landSlave trade abolished in D.C. & MDFugitive Slave Act

V. Kansas-Nebraska Act1. Republican PartyOpposed to the expansion of slavery & KS/NE Act.

Roger Taney Dred Scott

VI. John BrownHarpers Ferry, VABig slave rebellion?FailureCaught, tried, executedConfederate Army begins.

VII. The South SecedesDec. 20, 1860SC secedesProtect states rights, slavery, & way of lifeMS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX followed. (Later VA, AK, NC)Feb. 1861Confederate States of AmericaPres. Jefferson Davis

The South Secedes (contd)Fort Sumter, Charleston, SCS. opens canon fire; Union gives up the Federal GarrisonConf. celebrated their 1st victory; Civil War begins. (Bloodies war in U.S. history)

VIII. Civil War

Anaconda Plan

Union Plan--Gen. Winfield Scott4 Phase Plan 1st PhaseUnion Navy blockade ALL Southern Ports 2nd PhaseControl the Mississippi River3rd PhaseMarch through GA; up to Carolinas 4th PhaseCapture capital at Richmond, VA

Antietam

AntietamBloodiest day 22,000 dead Sept. 1862TURNING POINTKept Confederates from getting foreign aid!

Emancipation Proclamation

Jan. 1, 1863. Gave N. moral justification England agreed; wont help the S. Ex-slaves/free blacks joined Union 54th Mass. Infantry

IX. 1863: Turning Point1863: War Tips to the North 2. 1862-1863 Union loses at Battle of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville June 1863Gettysburg, PA Bloodiest overall battle of the war Lee; never again try to attack the N. Confederate fate sealed at Gettysburg Wont get European support; never win again

July 4, 1863Vicksburg, MS Union (Grant) got control of Miss. River Gettysburg Address Jan. 1864Grant Commander of the Union Army

Shermans March to the Sea

X. Consequences1.Generation lost; 620,000 2.Women: nurses, vet. hospitals, at home, etc. 3.1865: 4 million new Americans (13th Amend.) 4.Politics: preserving the Union; federal gov. supreme 5.American democracy survived 6. Reconstructionindustrialization

XI. Reconstruction13th AmendmentAbolishes slavery

2. 14th Amendment, 1868Protect Rights of all U.S. citizensDue process & equal protectionNo state/fed. office; Conf. officers3. 15th Amendment 1868, 1. States cant prevent citizens from voting based on: race, color, or previous servitude