Role of Strategic Management for Improving Human Reliability

8/6/2019 Role of Strategic Management for Improving Human Reliability

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ROLE OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

FOR IMPROVING HUMAN

RELIABILITY

Dr. Hitesh Kapoor Aman DheerAssistant Professor, Management, Assistant Professor, Computer ScienceUIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh. SGGS College, Sector 26 Chandigarh.Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]


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STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

Strategic management is a field that deals with the majorintended and emergent initiatives taken by general managerson behalf of owners, involving utilization of resources( includinghardware, software and humans i.e. personnel), to enhance theperformance of rms in their external environments.

By a strategic approach to Human Resource Management,includes managerial process requiring human resource (HR)policies and practices to be linked with the strategic objectivesof the organization. Just as the term human resourcemanagement has been contested, so too has the notion of

SHRM. Nowadays, Managers look forward to form the policies and

follow those practices that a help in increasing the reliability ofemployees so that effect on productivity and performance ispositive and also this practice helps in achieving organizationalobjectives.


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RELIABILITY

Reliability is the probability that a device,system, or process will perform its prescribedduty without failure for a given time when

operated correctly in a specified environment. n Most systems humans and machines are

linked in one System. The system that requireoperation by a human, who thereby becomesan integral part of the system and can havesignificant effect on system reliabilty


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HUMAN RELIABILITY

Human involvement in systems is minimized in

todays world due to invention of embedded

systems or fully automatic systems. But this

involvement plays an important role in proper

functioning of the system (machine) as a whole as

the instructions what operation to perform is to be

given by operator. Addition of human as a factor to

study the reliability of a system has given a newdimension to reliability study.

SYSTEM RELIABILITY = SOFTWARE RELIABILITY +HARDWARE RELIABILITY + HUMAN RELAIBILITY


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HUMAN ERRORS


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CASE STUDY

Industry: Pharmaceutical Industry (Ind Swift,Baddi Unit)

Module: Liquid Dosage Forms Syrups Section. Sample Size: The data is collected by visiting

the 12 workers personally alternate days everyweek for one full month therefore the total no.of observations is 180 (i.e. 15 observations forevery worker on the panel sample).


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CATEGORIZATION OF ERRORS FOR

LIQUID DOSAGE FORMS SYRUPS

Classification of Human

BehaviorError Category Classification of Human Errors

Skill Based Errors

Slip in Action Setting or resetting of Digital Counter

Memory LapseLate Switch on Machine

Wrong quantity of material to be filled

Mistakes

Rule BasedBottle & Cap Size Mismatch

Wrong side of label filled

Knowledge basedSetting timings for machines

Setting up of tray for coding machine

Violations

RoutineSetting up of bottle size

Early switching of machine

ExceptionsWrong label or not feeded

No switching on the machine


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EXCUSES CITED FOR OCCURRENCE OF

ERRORS

Tiredness.

Repetitive work.

Wrong information communicated regarding bottle size

i.e. wrong information passed on to by superior or thisdone due to peer pressure.

Busy in talking to somebody.

In anticipation of high workload

Mind occupied in some other process ( due to stress) High stress level(personal, financial)

Hurriedness(to perform well as per targets of companyand pressure of superiors and peers to perform well )

Health reasons


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FINDINGS

On the basis of the information gatheredthrough the observation chart filled by variousrespondents, the following data was derived

Type of Error Number of errors occurred during visits

Slip in Action 2

Memory Lapse 3

Routine violations 2

Knowledge Based errors 3

Rule Based errors 1

Total 11


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Total number of observations i.e. sample size:12 operators 15 days = 180

Number of errors that occurred: 11 Human Error Probability Rate(HEP): (Total

number of errors / Number of observations) 100

Therefore, HEP for liquid dosage form Syrups= (11/180) 100 = 6.11%


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HEP CATEGORY WISE

Type of Error Numbe

r of

errors

Total

Observa

tions

HEP

Slip in Action 2 180 (2/180) 100

= 1.11%

Memory Lapse 3 180 (3/180) 100

= 1.67%

Routine violations 2 180 (2/180) 100

= 1.11%

Knowledge Based

errors

3 180 (3/180) 100

= 1.67%

Rule Based errors 1 180 (1/180) 100

= 0.556%

Total 11 180 (11/180)

100 = 6.11%

0.00%

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

Slipin

Action

emory

apse

R

outine

violations

Knowledge

ased

e

rrorsRule

ased

errors

Series2


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There is high degree positive correlation

(r = 0.9) between Stress Level and Manual Errors.

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15

Total StressPoints

Number of

errors in a day


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When the whole scenario is taken w.r.t toemployee, then it has been observed that theemployee whose behavior is usually erratic andmore stressed on a particular day or during the

observation time commits more errors.

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

a b c d e f g h i j k l

Employee nameStress

points

/no

.of

errors

Total Stress

PointsNumber of

Errors


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ROLE OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN

IMPROVING HUMAN RELIABILITY

Ensuring that HR is fully integrated into strategicplanning by allowing coherent HR policies, whichenable line managers to use HRM practices as partof the day-to-day work

Commitment: Flexibility: Quality: Proper and effective Communication:. Work Force planning: Linking Performance Management to Mission

Accomplishment: Ensure High Productivity:


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Optimize utilization of resources including capacity andmaterials Reduce risk by evaluating alternatives and outcomes

before deciding Plan models in such a way that human performance be

taken as a set of control modesstrategic (based on long-term planning), tactical (based on procedures),opportunistic (based on present context), and scrambled(random) - and proposes a model of how transitionsbetween these control modes occur.

Ensure that people development issues are addressedsystematically Ensuring Quality Work Life Human Factor Risk Management (HFRM) model SWOT Analysis of employees


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THAN YOU

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Role of Strategic Management for Improving Human Reliability