Ronald Eckert, BTU Cottbus International Case Studies for

Megacity Research Project TP. Ho Chi MinhIntegrative Urban and Environmental Planning Framework

Adaptation to Climate Change

Ronald Eckert, BTU Cottbus

International Case Studies for Municipal Adaptation PlansInternational Case Studies for Municipal Adaptation Plans1. DPA – Megacity Project Roundtable | 08th March 2011

Outline & Objectives of this Presentation

► to introduce the Adaptation Cycle, a concept for integrating adaptation into a classical project cycle (based on OECD and UNDP)cycle (based on OECD and UNDP)

► to give insights into selected international adaptation initiativesadaptation initiatives

► to present main steps of the Adaptation Cycle as i t f d t ti i iti ti ( ltmain parts of an adaptation initiative (results

from screening of case studies)

► to highlight the importance of cross-sectoral adaptation

► to highlight the role of urban planning as discipline to shape the urban form and to manage urban development processes

| 2International Case Studies for Municipal Action PlansRonald Eckert | 8th March 2011

urban development processes

Screening of Selected Adaptation Plans

Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for London

C l i d f

Singapore’s National Climate Change Strategy

Fi l R 8►Consultation draft 2010►Greater London Authority►http://www.london.gov.uk/

► Final Report 2008►Ministry of the

Environment and Water priorities/environment/climate-change/climate-change-adaptation-strategy

Resources►http://app.mewr.gov.sg/dat

a/ImgUpd/NCCS Chapter 2adaptat o st ategy►Available in Vietnamese

Rotterdam Climate Proof

a/ gUpd/ CCS_C apte __-_VA.pdf

Framework for Adaptation Rotterdam Climate Proof (RCP) Adaptation Programme►Release 2009►Extension of Rotterdam

Framework for Adaptation to Climate Change in the City of Cape Town (FAC4T)►Report from 2006►Extension of Rotterdam

Climate Initiative (RCI)►http://www.rotterdamclima

►Report from 2006►Environment Resource

Managementteinitiative.nl/ ►http://www.capetown.gov.za

/EN/ENVIRONMENTALRESOURCEMANAGEMENT/PUBLICA


TIONS/Pages/Reportsand.aspx

The Adaptation Cycle

1. Awareness Raising & Consultation

2. Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities

Information3. Detailed Risk-

Assessment7 Monitoring &

Mapping

7. Monitoring & Evaluation

Review

4. Identification of Adaptation OptionsIntegration p p

6. Implementation of Adaptation Options

IntegrationImplementation

5. Prioritisation and Selection of Adaptation Options

Adaptation Options


of Adaptation Options

1. Awareness Raising & Consultation

1.Awareness Rai-sing & Consultation

2.Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities

3.Detailed Risk-Assessment

7.Monitoring & Evaluation

4. Identification of Adaptation Options

Evaluation

5.Prioritisation and Selection of Adaptation Options


► Raising awareness of key stakeholders (in the field of urban planning) on linkages between climate change, vulnerability and development

► Raising awareness of effected/ likely affected population► Raising awareness of effected/ likely affected population

► Involvement and consultation of different stakeholders, of formal and informal institutions and the public


institutions and the public

1. Awareness Raising & ConsultationExample: Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for London

► Involvement of formal and informal institutions

S h i l i f diff k h ld► Strong emphasis on consultation of different stakeholders

► Strategies puts emphasis on the involvement of the broader public.

► Collection and evaluation of community comments on website www.london.gov.uk/climatechangeo do go u /c atec a ge


2. & 3. Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities






Evaluation



► Quick assessment of risks and vulnerabilities to the human, natural and urban system based on downscaled IPCC scenarios

► Followed by an in-depth climate risk assessment and localized projections according to identified impacts, risks and vulnerable sectors using modellingaccording to identified impacts, risks and vulnerable sectors using modelling and geographic information systems

► Evaluation of vulnerability of the population


► Evaluation of vulnerability of the population

2. & 3. Pre-screening of Climate Risks and VulnerabilitiesExample: Framework for Adaptation to Climate Change in the City of Cape Town

► City of Cape Town already linked global emission scenarios with downscaled impact assessment (local level) and then with consequences for the human and natural system

► Example: climate variability results in changes of precipitation pattern, this in p y g p p p ,turn will endanger the water supply

► Linked adaptation measures: promotion of less water consumption and extension of catchment areas


extension of catchment areas

4. & 5. Identification of Adaptation Options






Evaluation



► Compilation of adaptation options within 4 categories of risk management measures: Prevent, Prepare, Respond and Recover

► Selection of adaptation strategies and examination whether selected options will decrease vulnerabilities and risks (avoidance of mal-adaptation)will decrease vulnerabilities and risks (avoidance of mal adaptation)

► Methods: cost-benefit-analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, multi-criteria analysisalso cost for non-action may be considered


also cost for non-action may be considered

4. & 5. Identification of Adaptation OptionsExample: Singapore’s National Climate Change Strategy

► Methods of cost-benefit-analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, multi-

i i l i d i i fcriteria analysis and estimations of the cost for non-action to select appropriate adaptation measures

► Combination of adaptation and mitigation measures:mitigation measures:

− Flood protection measureEnhancing urban environment− Enhancing urban environment

− Promotion of clean public transport− Improvement of energy efficiency

d tiand power generation− Improvement of water efficiency








Evaluation

l i i i l d i hi i i



► Implementation into new strategic plans and/ or within existing statutory documents (city-wide masterplan, etc.) – formal and informal planning

► Important questions to be raised to clear the responsibility for implementation− Which administrative units are involved and responsible?− What mechanism and policies are needed for implementation?What mechanism and policies are needed for implementation?− Related taxation, incentives and legislative powers− Which spatial dimensions are needed?

Extend top down with bottom up approaches?


− Extend top-down with bottom up approaches?

6. Implementation of Adaptation OptionsExample: Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for London

► London’s strategy provides a Roadmap to Resilience, with a summary of the key actions, and an action plan, including ways for the GLA Group to mainstream d i i l d iadaptation across its plans and strategies

► 11 objectives are linked with 34 actions, lead partners (policy, administration, others), timeframe and targets for their delivery, related policies and legislation, budget allocation


7. Monitoring & Evaluation






Evaluation



► indispensable to correct past mistakes and improve current practices► opportunity to test the accuracy of ex ante projections of climate vulnerabilities

► Monitoring of− the implementation process of adaptation measuresthe implementation process of adaptation measures− the measure itself, whether it delivered the intended benefits or whether it

causes adverse impactsand the baseline climate conditions


− and the baseline climate conditions

Case Studies

Thank you for your attention


Documents

Ronald Eckert, BTU Cottbus International Case Studies for