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AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
S1-8 Space Weather Activity at KMITL and Its
Research Networks in Thailand
Pornchai Supnithi1 , Prasert Kenpankho1, Tharadol Komolmis2,Mamoru Ishii3
1Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Thailand Chiangmai University, Thailand
3National Institute of Information and Communication Technology (NICT), Japan
International Collaboration on Space Weather Forecast
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Overview
• Founded in 1961 • Faculty members: ~1,000 • Student body: ~24,000 • Research university in Thailand • Emphasis: Science, Engineering, ICT, Education and Architecture
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Location
International airport
Train station GISTDA KMITL
Highway Bangkok
center
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
4
Members: 5
Assoc. Prof. Pornchai Supnithi
Asst. Prof. Tulaya Limpiti
Asst. Prof. Prasert Kenpankho
Assoc. Prof. Punyawee Surachai Pimsalee
Space and Atmospheric Communication and Informatics Research Group
Students: 7
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Current Research Activities
5
Ionospheric Study in the Equatorial Region
Ionospheric and GNSS Data Center
foF2, h’F, foE, Spread F Sporadic E, etc.
TEC analysis
Scintillation
2-D map Thailand, ASEAN
Applications
SHM model NN model
Improved IRI model
Main theme
Research Targets
Monitoring
Prediction model
Slant Delay gradient analysis
Plasma Bubble study
Disaster
Satellite Communication
Aeronautical Navigation Capacity-Building
Monitoring
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Near-Future Research Targets in SW
6
Ionospheric Study in the Equatorial Region
Ionospheric and GNSS Data Center
foF2, h’F, foE, Spread F Sporadic E, etc.
TEC analysis using Beidou data
Scintillation 2-D map Thailand, ASEAN
Applications
SHM model NN model
CubeSat Project
Main theme
Research Activity
Set up stations in Laos/Cambodia
Ionospheric signature related to plasma
bubble, ionospheric storm, earthqueake
Slant Delay gradient analysis
Plasma Bubble study
GBAS experiments for Aeronautical Navigation
Capacity-Building
Link more stations
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
What kinds of data do you want? Which area? How often? For what?
• GNSS data (1-sec) – equatorial and low-latitude stations – Arctic or Antartica stations
• Ionosonde/Digisonde data – equatorial and low-latitude stations – Arctic or Antartica stations
• Scintillation data
7
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
data name Observing Period (start to end)
Object Instrument Location of instrument
project name
tempresolution
frequency of data
GPS Novatel Bangkok KMITL Magnetometer 2012DEC-2013MAR gsm19fd (Canada) Phuket SEALION 5 sec ionogram/image data 2003-2014 ionosphere ionosphere Chumphon SEALION 5 min ionogram/image data 2004-2014 ionosphere ionosphere Chiangmai SEALION 5 min GPS (Nongkhai) 2008- ionosphere Trimble Nongkhai CU, Kyto 1 sec GPS(Sukhothai) 2009- ionosphere Trimble Sukhothai CU, Kyoto 1 sec GPS(Phimai) 2003- ionosphere Topcon Phimai CU, Kyoto 1 sec GPS data 2008- ionosphere Topcon Bangkok SEALION 1 sec GPS data 2004- ionosphere Topcon Chumphon SEALION 1 sec GPS data 2004- ionosphere Topcon Phuket SEALION 1 sec GPS data 2004- ionosphere Topcon Chiangmai SEALION 1 sec GPS data 2009- ionosphere Novatel Bangkok ENRI 1 sec foE data (CPN) 2004-2012 ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chumphon SEALION 1 hour foEs data (CPN) 2004-2012 ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chumphon SEALION 1 hour
foF2 data (CPN) 2004-2010 ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chumphon SEALION obtained = 5 min, created = 15 min
foF2 data (CMG) 2004-2010 ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chiangmai SEALION obtained = 5 min, created = 15 min
MUF data (CPN) 2004-2010 ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chumphon SEALION obtained = 5 min, created = 15 min
MUF data(CMG) 2004-2010 ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chiangmai SEALION obtained = 5 min, created = 15 min
h'F data (CPN) 2004-2010 ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chumphon SEALION obtained = 5 min, created = 15 min
h'F data (CMG) 2004-2010 ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chiangmai SEALION obtained = 5 min, created = 15 min
Spread F data (CPN) 2004SEP-2005AUG 2008SEP-2009APR MAR&APR2006-2013
ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chumphon SEALION obtained = 5 min, created = 15 min
Spread F data (CMG) 2004SEP-2005AUG 2008SEP-2009APR MAR&APR2006-2013
ionosphere FM/CW ionosonde Chiangmai SEALION obtained = 5 min, created = 15 min 8
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
What kinds of technique do you want to learn?
• 3-D mapping • Satellite data analysis (COSMIC, etc.) • Incoherent scatter radar analysis • TEC analysis related to earthquake • Cloud computing/Data Analytics • Space Weather Operation Center
Management
9
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Current Partners • Japan: Nagoya University, Kyoto university • Japan: NICT, ENRI, JAXA • Thailand: AIT, Chulalongkorn University, Chiangmai Unviersity,
Mahidol University, Khon Kaen University • Thailand: National Science and Technology Development
Agency (NSTDA), Geo-Informatic and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA), Ministry of Digital Economy, Aeronautical Radio of Thailand (AeroThai), ThaiCom
10
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Which countries/institutes do you want to collaborate with?
• CAS, China • APSCO, AOSWA, IRI Working Group • ASEAN countries • India • Institute with facilities at Arctic/Antartica
areas • Peru, Brazil, Argentina • All countries
11
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Chumphon Ionosphere Station
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
13
Ionogram MUF
Sporadic-E
Spread-F
No Spread-F With Spread-F With Sporadic-E
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
14
foF2
(MH
z)
Chiang Mai
Chumphon
Kototabang
Local Time
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
hmF2
(km
)
Chiang Mai
Chumphon
Kototabang
200
250
300
350
400
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Local Time
foF2
hmF2
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
15
RSF Occurrence Rate (CPN Station)
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
%RSF Occurrence
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
SEP JAN
OCT FEB
NOV MAR
APR DEC
SEP JAN
OCT FEB
NOV MAR
APR DEC
SEP JAN
APR
%
LT LT LT LT LT LT
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
Chiangmai (CMU) 2008 2009
Chumphon (CPN) 2008 2009
Kototabang (KTB)
40%
50%
50%
35%
The higher rate mostly occurs during the equinoctial months
data is not available
20%
10%
5%
20%
15%
10%
15%
The %RSF occurrence at CMU is not over 20% in average.
20%
20%
25%
10%
The %RSF is not over 20% in average at CPN in NOV, DEC, JAN and FEB
10% 20%
20%
20%
The %RSF is not over 20% in average at KTB from OCT to JAN and APR
10%
35%
35%
40%
The higher rate occurs in SEP, FEB and MAR
This confirms that the plasma bubble is generated around the magnetic equator and then expand to the higher latitude area.
In general, %RSF occurrence at CPN is higher than KTB and CMU
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
17
Scintillation Experiment
DIF
Acquisition Tracking Loop • Navigation data • Scintillation
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Results
18
0 5 10 15 20 25 30-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
Time (min)
I am
plitu
te
PRN03
1,500 1,501 1,502 1,503 1,504 1,505-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
Time (sec)
I am
plitu
te
PRN03
0 5 10 15 20 25 30105
106
107
108
109
1010
1011
Time (min)
Sig
nal I
nten
sity
PRN03
raw-SIdetrended-SI
0 5 10 15 20 25 3010-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
101
Time (min)
Sig
nal I
nten
sity
PRN03
SI
0 5 10 15 20 25 30-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Time (min)
C/N
o
PRN03
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Time (min)
S4 In
dex
PRN03
S4-corrS4-total
0 5 10 15 20 25 300
10
20
30
40
50
Time (min)
Ele
vatio
n A
ngle
PRN 03
I-channel amplitude The intensity of raw signal and detrended signal
The final signal intensity
The C/No estimation
The elevation angle
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Location of DPT stations
1. CHAN
2. CHMA
3. NKRM 4. NKSW
5. PJRK
6.SISK
8. SRTN
9.UDON 10.UTTD
11. DPT9
7. SOKA
19
No Ã∑‘∫ ◊‚•ƒ®£å‘√Õ∆”¢©◊ø◊‡œÃ GPS Base Stations
Station
1 จนัทบุรี Chanthaburi CHAN
2 เชียงใหม่ Chiang Mai CHMA
3 นครราชสีมา Nakhon Ratchasima
NKRM
4 นครสวรรค ์ Nakhon Sawan NKSW
5 ประจวบคีรีขนัธ์ Prachuap Khiri Khan
PJRK
6 ศรีสะเกษ Si Sa Ket SISK
7 สงขลา Song Khla SOKA
8 สุราษฏร์ธานี Surat Thani SRTN
9 อุดรธานี Udon Thani UDON
10 อุตรดิตถ ์ Uttaradit UTTD
11 กรุงเทพฯ DPT9 DPT9
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
VTEC on 08JUL12 at 09:43:21UT at 11 GPS stations of DPT
Estimated by ASHM and LS Maximum SH Degree : N = 15
Observed VTEC : T (TECU)
Estimated VTEC : Te (TECU)
dT = Te – T (TECU)
T vs. Te (TECU) dT = Te – T (TECU) Number of observation :
p = 57
Number of SH coefficients :
q = (N+1) 2 = 256
20
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
Iono-GNSS Data Center
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
23
Ionospheric delay gradient
1 2 1 2( ) ( )k k kR RdSTEC STEC STEC B B= − + − 1 2
2
( ) ( )40.3( )k kSTEC t STEC tI t
df −
∇ =
Ionospheric delay gradient (mm/km) 23
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
24
Ionospheric effects to GBAS
S. Saito 2011.
Reference Station
GNSS Satellites
Ionosphere
Airplane Differential correction???
Plasma bubble
• Plasma bubble frequently occurs in low-latitude region after sunset , and more occurrence during high solar activity period.. • This phenomena can cause ionospheric delay gradient and also scintillation, which degrades the GBAS performance.
The ICAO has recently realized the impact of this issue and recommended each country to investigate ionospheric delay gradient in that region. 24
AOSWA 2015, Fukuoka, Japan, 2-5 March, 2015
THANK YOU Q&A
25