JUNE 2016 ISSUE: 80WWW.TRADEMAX.CO.ZA SA R36 EACH INCL. / R360 PER ANNUM INCL.

WORLD CLASS METAL ROOFING SYSTEMS25 YEARS of EXCELLENCE

Developed by Investec Property. Peter Hassall

BESPOKE ROOFING FASTENERS FOR SOUTH AFRICA

VISIT OUR NEW PREMISES: Mega Park, Unit MP58, cnr Peter Barlow & Mill rd, Bellville South, CTOR CONTACT US: CALL 021 951 1036 or EMAIL dion.marsh@ashandlacy.com

JUNE 2016 ISSUE: 80

EDITORS COMMENTS ................................................................................................ 2CONTRIBUTORS & EVENTS ...................................................................................... 4INSULATION .............................................................................................................. 7-9COVER STORY ........................................................................................................11-12 BULK INSULATION .............................................................................................. 14-15TIMBER FASTENERS ............................................................................................. 17-20INDUSTRY EVENT ...................................................................................................... 21PRODUCT NEWS ........................................................................................................22EPDM .........................................................................................................................26-27SAFETY EQUIPMENT ........................................................................................... 29-31ROOFTOP MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................33INSULATION ......................................................................................................... 34-35MAINTENANCE, PAINTS & COATINGS ........................................................36-39LIGHTING ......................................................................................................................39TIMBER TRUSSES .................................................................................................. 40-41INDUSTRY INSIGHT .............................................................................................42-43ITC-SA EVENT ..............................................................................................................43WATERPROOFING .....................................................................................................45 CEILINGS & INSULATION ........................................................................................46WATERPROOFING .....................................................................................................47 INDUSTRY EVENT ......................................................................................................48

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Trademax Publications

SA Roofing Tel: 0861 SA ROOF (0861 727 663) Fax: 0866 991 346Email: info@trademax.co.zawww.trademax.co.za

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PUBLISHER: Billy Perrin

082 266 6976

billy@trademax.co.za

EDITOR: Celste Perrin

editor@trademax.co.za

ADVERTISING: Jacqui Marsh

jacqui@trademax.co.za

LAYOUT & DESIGN: Craig Patterson

craig@trademax.co.za

SUBSCRIPTIONS: Belinda Thwesha

belinda@trademax.co.za

DISCLAIMER

The views expressed herein are not necessarily those of Trademax Publications. Although we have done our best to ensure the accuracy of our content, neither Trademax Publications nor SA Roofing magazine will be held liable for any views expressed or information disseminated, in editorial content or advertisements, in this issue.

BESPOKE ROOFING FASTENERS FOR SOUTH AFRICA

VISIT OUR NEW PREMISES: Mega Park, Unit MP58, cnr Peter Barlow & Mill rd, Bellville South, CTOR CONTACT US: CALL 021 951 1036 or EMAIL dion.marsh@ashandlacy.com

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As such, the recent release of the TiPS Guidebook on Thermal Insulation and Energy Saving by TIPSASA (Thermal Insulation Products & Systems Association SA) could not have been more timely. SA Roofing, in this issue as well as future editions, will be sharing with you pertinent information and guidelines to help you select the right insulation products and systems that support energy efficiency in the building envelope. To start, dont miss this month's three expert articles that address insulation and energy savings.

In contrast to the other hot topics also featured in this issue stands the unfortunate arctic factor that we all have to contend with currently our economic climate. But it is because of icy trading conditions, and despite them, that we have to keep doing what we do best and we have to ensure that our target audience knows about it. SA Roofing is here to help with that.

Its hard to believe that were already facing the second half of this year, but we still have a number of industry events to look forward to that will also help keep the channels of communication open, including WoodEx for Africa, Interbuild Africa 2016, and the Cape Construction Conference and Trade Expo. Its not too late SA Roofing is going to be there, and we invite you to partner with us to position and maintain your product or service at centre stage in these tough times when being noticed counts more than ever.

Until next time, I hope you enjoy this issue of SA Roofing, packed with information to take the chill off winter. As always, feel free to drop me a line with your comments, suggestions or feedback.

Celste

A chilling prospect...This imminent winter, that is. Sliding out of May and into June, were right on the cusp of the dreary season. And judging by the frosty early mornings

of the past few days, Mother Nature is already making sure that this winter will go down as another cold one. That brings to mind the tenet that it is

never too early, nor too late, to insulate.

JUNE 20162

-Cnr Berkley and Bax Roads, Maitland 7405

AUTHORIZED DISTRIBUTOROF LAMBDABOARD AND PALRAM TRANSLUCENT SHEETING

New Youngman premises:Architecture by Martin Commerford of DHA and interiors by Leon Saven Design

ContributorsC

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Dion Marsh holds a National Diploma in Quantity Surveying and Construction Management. Involved in the roofing industry for close to 25 years already, his extensive experience ranges from contracting to manufacture and supply. More specifically, he has served as a member of the SAMCRA Technical Committee (the Southern African Metal Cladding and Roofing Association) and also as a member of the SANS1273 Working Group.

As the General Manager of Ash & Lacy South Africa (Pty) Ltd, a division of Ash & Lacy Building Systems UK, Marsh oversees the operations manufacture and supply of innovative and cost-effective building envelope solutions that yield ongoing savings

throughout the entire operational life of the building. He works closely with design professionals, property developers, contractors and building owners, offering expert consultation on energy-efficient roofing and cladding solutions that focus on sustainability and the reduction of carbon emissions.

Highly skilled in conducting comprehensive roof and cladding refurbishment assessments including alternative asbestos abatement methods Marsh is also a noted authority on the groundbreaking Ashgrid spacer system, having played an instrumental role in launching and establishing the system. With his in-depth knowledge of the South African roofing and cladding sectors, Marsh remains committed to providing the industry with premium products, forward-thinking solutions and unmatched customer service.

DION MARSH

Upcoming Events

TIMBER ROOF STRUCTURE WORKSHOPPRESENTED BY: WOLF PROFESSIONAL SERVICES9 - 10 JUNE 2016: STELLENBOSCH, WESTERN CAPE18 - 19 AUGUST 2016: CENTURION, GAUTENG27 - 28 OCTOBER 2016: SALT ROCK, KZNVisit www.wolfpro.co.za for more info

THE INSTITUTE FOR TIMBER CONSTRUCTION (ITC-SA) ANNUAL TIMBER ENGINEERED PRODUCT AWARDS19 AUGUST 2016 (DURING INTERBUILD AFRICA 2016)EXPO CENTRE NASREC, JHBEmail jenni@itc-sa.org for more info

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JUNE 20164

With three degrees under his belt, Hein Stapelberg believes in the power of logic and sensibility traits that have equipped him to successfully oversee operations at Gauteng-based Fall Protection Works (which he co-owns), leading provider of customized and turnkey fall prevention and protection systems that ensure the safety of those working at height.

Stapelberg is primarily responsible for the processes, research and administration that drives Fall Protection Works and its services, and comments that he has seen much change in the industry since his introduction to work at height back in 1999. He maintains his professional work at height qualifications through continued, hands-on engagement and participation on his

company's active worksites.

Committed to remaining at the forefront of research, development and international trends within the industry in order to bring this knowledge to market, Stapelberg actively collaborates with organizations such as the Institute for Work at Height (IWH), the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS), the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), and the Industrial Rope Access Trade Association International (IRATA).

SA Roofing thanks the SA Paint Manufacturing Association (SAPMA) for its editorial contribution to this issue that highlights some very important aspects of roof restoration, and painting specifically.

In existence for more than 70 years, SAPMAs manufacturing members represent 90% of the volume of paints and coatings produced in South Africa. The majority of companies supplying goods and services to the paint industry are associate members of SAPMA. The Associations overall objective is to promote the industry as a responsible supplier of quality products and services. As such, it maintains a mandatory code of conduct that all members adhere to.

HEIN STAPELBERG

8773 - LAMBDABOARD (MAZE) A4 ADVERT PATHS.indd 1 2016/04/14 9:58 AM

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What are some of the distinguishing characteristics amongst insulation products and their different properties?

Goldsmith: The two main mediums are open cell, being bulk or fibrous materials, and closed cell.

Closed cell products insulate against all elements, including air and moisture, and these products do not compress, nor do they fill with dust and compress over the years.

Bulk insulation needs to be installed in airtight, concealed voids such as attics. There is a condensation cycle that takes place within these products, affecting long-term insulation properties. It is important to follow the manufacturers instructions and guidelines on the correct application and installation in order to get optimum value from the products.

Every insulation product works (although some undoubtedly better than others) on the condition that they are installed correctly.

Different clients have different considerations when it comes to insulation for residential, retail, industrial and commercial application. How do the various insulation products address those needs?

Goldsmith: All applications have different requirements, based on occupancy, HVAC and the method of installation.

In the case of bulk insulation products, it is very important that they be installed where they are not compressed or exposed to wind and moisture. Remember, in residences a lot of moisture is created though occupancy in bathrooms and kitchens especially. And some factory processes induce high humidity, such as food processing, print press, and any application using hydro technologies. Closed cell products are not affected in these applications.

Radiant barriers are not thermal insulation and dont insulate against convection and conductive heat transfer.

For residential insulation, is there a different approach or best-method, and different recommended products, for conventional structures and ceilings as opposed to timber frame buildings and residences with timber ceilings or exposed beam ceilings?

Goldsmith: Since most residential buildings are not airtight, open cell and bulk insulation products do not work. Just think of wearing a jersey indoors and then stepping out into the wind the cold will cut straight through. The same principle applies here.

The hidden energy saver The significance of selecting the correct insulation product, coupled

with ensuring that it is installed correctly, cannot be overemphasized. In this article, SA Roofing taps into the expertise of Duncan

Goldsmith from leading insulation provider Rigifoam, to remind us why it doesnt pay to skimp on insulation.

Information and images provided by: Duncan Goldsmith, Co-founder and Managing Director of Rigifoam (Pty) Ltd.

Before installing LAMBDABOARD insulation. After LAMBDABOARD installation.

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There are insulated ceiling boards available that are made out of closed cell materials, with LAMBDABOARD being the most thermally efficient product on the market. The ceiling boards act as a ceiling and insulation and also protect against water leaks and moisture.

Timber frame houses would require cavity insulation (as do double brick walls in certain climates). Cavity wall insulation can be bulk insulation, provided it is airtight. Also, one-component foams can be used to seal off air leaks. Spray foam is ideal here, as its closed cell formulation adequately insulates against temperature differentials, air and moisture. It also adds structural strength.

Most importantly, the key aspect to any insulation application is the minimization of heat bridging. As an example, think of a boat hull you can have the strongest construction possible but if you have even one small hole, you will eventually sink.

What are some of the most common installation mistakes or failures you encounter? How can they be remedied?

Goldsmith: Contractors need ongoing training to ensure that they are installing the products correctly in order to achieve the quoted product performance. Employing cheap, high-turnover labour is not the answer and should not be practiced. But there are other underlying problems that the industry must combat.

First, the suppliers sales pitch can be a serious problem if it is only based on getting the order and not about the best investment for the building owner or tenant. Unfortunately, putting the clients best interests first is a practice that is not always, nor consistently, carried out. The cheap and nasty salesmans pitch, to make a quick commission cheque, is the industrys biggest hurdle. Every commercially available insulation product will do its job and insulate, provided that it is used as intended, and installed correctly. Industry players need to make a concerted effort to ensure that the right products are utilized for the right applications in the right way.

Secondly, the perceived high cost of proper insulation at installation stage should not be a deterrent, as the savings in energy usage will offset the initial expense within a few years. Insulation is the hidden energy saver and shouldnt be compromised during the building process.

A main problem when it comes to specifying insulation is that a strong focus is placed on the amount of savings achieved at the time of construction, and not necessarily on the long-term benefits. Judgement is passed on upfront savings, which could lead to cheaper product selection. But this is a short-sighted approach. It is not the designer or specifier that has to foot the utility bill every month, but the tenant. Often the tenant bears unnecessarily high utility costs because the insulation is not performing optimally costs that could have been avoided or lessened had quality insulation been specified at the outset. Nothing is cheap if you want long-term value, and yet insulation is treated as a cheap component to the building process.

One needs to look beyond the cost at specification stage and pay more attention to the best application for the client.

What safety aspects are of importance in the field of insulation?

Goldsmith: The risk of fire is always an issue, but people get misled in this regard. While some non-combustible products burn worse than combustible materials in real-life fires, one needs to look at fire spread more than burning characteristics. This is because everything, even steel, burns if the temperature of the fire gets high enough.

South African fire tests are antiquated and not to international standards. Insurance underwriters are now starting to dictate the test procedures since it is their risk. In terms of insulation, there are a myriad of other combustible items in a building that one needs to be more conscious of.

You travel abroad for business regularly. How do you see South African products compare to overseas offerings?

Goldsmith: South African products are of international standard. But again, they are not always specified correctly or installed correctly, and too often done on the cheap. One aspect to note is that not all local products are environmentally friendly. Some contain HCFCs and formaldehyde-based binders. So, as an occupancy issue, they pose an environmental and health risk.

What advances have you seen within the industry over the past few years?

Goldsmith: Great strides have been made in educating the market on insulation, with load shedding having played a considerable role in this promotional drive. The future is bright for the insulation sector as more and more people are becoming conscious of their energy savings options, further spurred by Eskom tariff increases. But now the correct methods of installation need to be addressed.

How do you feel about the current legislation that governs insulation, or energy efficiency in buildings? What additional measures do you feel need to be put in place to improve standards in our country?

Goldsmith: Its a great start, but some modifications are needed. For example, long-term insulation properties or compromising on efficiency during installing (compression) are not allowed for. It is perhaps wishful thinking, but the government needs to give tax incentives to those that comply.

Furthermore, legislation should include environmental concerns because it is not a level playing field at present. Too many products offered are cheap but do not comply, whereas complying products cost more because they include more expensive technologies. Moreover, legislation needs to focus on installed values and not brochure values.

Do you have a parting word of advice for our readers?

Goldsmith: Dont be penny wise and pound foolish when choosing your insulation medium.

For more information, the author can be reached via email to duncan@rigifoam.com.

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NLAMBDABOARD CASE STUDY Insulation materials are rated for their ability to restrict heat transfer. This is also referred to as thermal resistance, and is expressed as the R-value.

Since Rigifoam introduced LAMBDABOARD to the local building industry in 2008, the product has become widely recognized for its high R-value performance: LAMBDABOARD has the highest R-value per 25mm thickness.

LAMBDABOARD is a flexible faced PIR (polyisocyanurate) cored insulation board made on a continuous laminator. With reference to the SANS204 regulations within the building code, LAMBDABOARD is well suited to meet those demands as its high insulation properties compare so favourably to other commercially available insulation products. Due to its high R-value performance, the design U-value of the insulation system (thermal transmittance, or the transfer of heat through a material or a building element) can be achieved with a minimum thickness. This, in turn, enables the overall footprint of the building to decrease and thereby reduces the cost of construction.

RATIONAL DESIGN APPLICATION

A dated 45,000m shopping complex was in need of major renovations that included replacement of the entire roof as well as all the insulation. However, shortly after commencement of the project, the professional team encountered a problem with the specifications for the insulation upgrade.

During the feasibility assessment, the quantity surveyor had allowed, and budgeted for, 135mm thick fibreglass wool-type insulation in accordance with the deemed-to-satisfy requirements under SANS10400-XA. Unfortunately the allowance had not taken into account the additional structure that was needed to support the roof sheeting over the 135mm insulation without compressing it, which would have negatively

impacted its performance. (The fibreglass would have been squashed over the purlins and lowered the average thickness.) The team had to change course and consider board-type insulation. At first it appeared that compliant, deemed-to-satisfy 80mm LAMDABOARD was not an option due to strict budget constraints. However, by undertaking a Rational Design approach, the thickness of the required insulation was reduced and along with it, the cost.

In this case, it was determined that the deemed-to-satisfy approach would have resulted in a compromise on heat bridges over purlin where bulk insulation was compressed, in addition to presenting considerable fitting challenges. The engineering and energy management professional who was commissioned to do the rational design explained that, as insulation is added to obtain the required thickness of 135mm, at some point only marginal returns will be yielded. For example, if the first 60mm does 80% of the job, the next 20mm might take it up to 90%, with the next 20mm perhaps taking it up to 95%, but the rest contributing almost nothing.

Calculations showed that, with LAMBDABOARD insulation, only 50mm across the entire mall was necessary to comply. This figure was later adjusted to 60mm in order to accommodate the reuse of three existing chillers, and was subsequently confirmed by the projects mechanical engineer. The final required thickness of 60mm was the minimum roof insulation that allowed them to reuse the existing chillers and still achieve the HVAC load.

The surplus money that resulted from the savings on insulation was channelled into a more efficient HVAC system that allowed for free cooling whenever possible. It was felt that, in that specific climate zone, the free cooling would actually yield higher energy savings than a thicker insulation board could achieve.

For more information, visit www.rigifoam.com.

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Safintra corporate ad for SA Builder

Thursday, March 05, 2015 4:33:21 PM

Issues around incorrect installation make up a large percentage of customer complaints for both residential and commercial/industrial sectors. Safintra advocates selecting an experienced and approved metal roofing installation partner who is familiar with the various metal roofing profiles, and whose installation experience can enhance the design, technical, structural and aesthetic vision, as well as adhere to the associated budgetary constraints of a building project.

ON-SITE HANDLING AND STORING It is commonplace for concealed fix metal roofing to be rolled on site, and stored for later installation. Aluminium, ColourPlus, ZincAL and Rheinzink are all premium quality materials and should therefore be taken care of. All roofing materials must be kept dry during transit and storage, otherwise moisture can collect between sheets (particularly in the case of stacked sheets), causing significant damage and greatly reducing the materials service life. If a bundle becomes wet, separate the sheeting and wipe it with a clean cloth to dry thoroughly.

Best practice for on-site storage and metal

roofing installation Metal roofing and cladding have become popular choices for every architect and contractor on the cutting edge of green, practical roofing and cladding. While the durability benefits, reduced energy costs and colour variety for

aesthetics are obvious, it is key that every aspect of metal sheeting, including the material selection, profile (pierced or concealed), insulation requirements,

fasteners, accessories and finally installation, be carefully considered.

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Proper on-site storing and handling of metal roof sheeting ensures aesthetic value and functional integrity.

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JUNE 2016 11

CORROSION BASICSIn dealing with metal sheeting, an installer needs to remain mindful of the potential for corrosion at all times, as different metals have different physical and chemical characteristics including the degree to which each of them corrodes.

If two dissimilar metals are placed together, and water is present, an electrolytic circuit is created and one of the metals will start corroding while the other is relatively protected or untouched. However, if two roofing products are made of the same material, they are naturally compatible with one another. A mistake often encountered is where incompatible materials are used for roofing and guttering, causing accelerated drip corrosion (resulting from, for example, rainwater run-off into gutters).

INSPECTION BEFORE INSTALLATIONBefore commencing installation, the contractor should verify that the following items have been checked and are acceptable:

The fastener challenge Even the best planned and executed metal roofing package can be undone by one simple component: a substandard fastener. While some failures can be attributed to the wrong choice of fastener, the most common cause is products that do not meet the required standard. This is why it is imperative that roofing installers ensure the correct class and types of fasteners and accessories are always used in order to avoid premature corrosion of roofing components.

Safintra recommends that installers ask for technical assistance from manufacturers to prevent dissimilar metals being coupled and to reduce corrosion.

Cleaning up during and after installation Swarf can refer to steel debris that comes about from cutting or piercing steel roofing, and may include shavings or filings or other material. This swarf tends to embed itself into either the paint coat or metal coat of the roofing, rendering it difficult to remove.

If left on the surface of the metal roof, these particles will cause rust stains that will detract from the finished appearance of a project. These stains are often mistaken for early deterioration of the product.

Ponding and dust collection challenges Often, in unusually ribbed profiles, or in profiles not used with the correct pitch, extended moisture periods can occur and ribs can prevent sand and water from flowing away.

Researching the technical specifications of products in order to ascertain whether the selected profile is correct for the specific application will extend the life of the roof.

Sunscreen good for people, bad for roofing material In recent years it has been found that sunscreens containing semi-conducting metal oxides such as titanium oxide and zinc oxide will continue to damage the paint system on metal roofing materials in the presence of UV light and moisture.

It is therefore recommended that installers wear clean, dry, cut-resistant gloves to prevent the roof from being in contact with titanium or zinc oxides.

ENSURE YOUR WARRANTIESSafintra recommends cleaning the surface of your roof regularly to ensure that material warranty conditions are met. There are reputable organizations within the southern African market that can assist with this and work with manufacturers to ensure that all is done in a matter befitting the warranty terms.

PIERCED OR CONCEALED PROFILES?

The above guidelines are true irrespective of the profile selected; however, concealed fix profiles such as Saflok and Newlok lessen the burden of fastener selection as these profiles have exceptional wind uplift strength and allow for natural thermal movement.

FOR MORE INFORMATION

Safintra has seven branches across South Africa, in Johannesburg, Durban, Cape Town, Nelspruit, Polokwane, Port Elizabeth and Bloemfontein. Further operations are in Namibia, Botswana, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania and East Africa.

Safintra is a member of the Safal Group, one of the largest metal roofing companies on the African continent.

SAFINTRA

(t) +27 11 323 6300(e) marketing.safintraSA@safalgroup.com (w) www.safintra.co.za

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It is of the utmost importance to use the correct and most compatible fasteners for every application.

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Studies have shown that compression of insulation reduces its performance by up to 50% depending on the installation methodology. It is precisely because of the detrimental effects of compression that SANS204 specifically stipulates that insulation must maintain its position and thickness throughout the roof assembly, except where it crosses roof battens or purlins.

THE CHALLENGEPer the prescriptive route of compliance, SANS10400-XA stipulates that a prescribed minimum total R-value be achieved based on the building classification and geographical location. These minimum requirements are unfortunately not being achieved in a large majority of new buildings being constructed in South Africa, due to compression caused by incorrect installation methods. And this has hugely negative ramifications on the overall energy efficiency and associated operational costs incurred over the life cycle of the building.

Compressed insulation can also result in reduced performance of the outer weather sheet, especially when the highly preferred concealed fix profiles are utilized.

Installing concealed fix clips directly over bulk insulation results in compression ranging anywhere from 4mm to 20mm below the clip. This varied compression can result in misalignment of the clip, which affects the overall clipping action of the roof sheet.

There is also considerable negative pressure imposed on the underside of the roof sheet when the uncompressed insulation on either side of the clip expands and attempts to bulk back to its design depth. This is particularly prevalent when thicker insulation is specified to meet the prescribed thermal performance.

Unaddressed thermal bridging also plays a considerable role in reducing the overall thermal performance of a roof assembly. SANS204 stipulates that, when steel roof sheeting is affixed to steel purlins, a thermal break with a minimum R-value of 0,2m2.K/W must be installed between the roof sheet and purlin. Bulk insulation compressed down to 4mm below roof sheeting or concealed fix clips does not achieve this requirement.

THE SOLUTIONDespite the challenges faced with over purlin installation, it is still the preferred method and has been proven to be the most effective.

Countries such as Australia and the UK had to face the very same challenges when energy efficiency standards were introduced to their markets many years ago. With the energy efficiency standards in South Africa being in relative infancy stage in comparison to our overseas counterparts, we are in an extremely favourable position to draw on the collective experiences of trusted international industry partners, such as CSR Bradford from Australia and Ash & Lacy Building Systems in the UK, to overcome these challenges.

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insulating roof assemblies where a minimum thermal performance is prescribed in accordance with the SANS10400-XA building code. However, compression of bulk insulation significantly reduces the performance of this form of insulation and this is presenting the South African roofing sector

with some very real installation challenges.

Article and images provided by: Dion Marsh, General Manager of Ash & Lacy South Africa (Pty) Ltd.

Physical mock-up with measured tapered compression.

Misaligned concealed fix clip caused by compressed insulation.

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There are a number of tried-and-tested systems designed to reduce or prevent compression of bulk insulation when installed over purlin, by raising the height of the outer weather sheet. However, it is imperative that the overall structural performance of the roof assembly and the attachment of the outer weather sheet be carefully considered when selecting a system. It is important to note that certain systems have very specific restrictions of use and are not designed as structural components of a roof assembly.

MECHANICAL SPACERS1

Mechanical spacer systems, such as the Ash & Lacy AshgridTM system, are engineered to perform as structural components of the roof assembly and are used to eliminate compression of the insulation blanket whilst taking the guesswork out of roof assembly connections.

They comprise of lightweight structural steel purlins with engineered support brackets that are mechanically locked into position at specified centres. Mechanical spacer systems provide a structural interface between the primary purlin and the raised outer weather sheet. The support brackets are available in a variety of heights to accommodate corresponding blanket thicknesses.

The support brackets are secured directly to the purlins, creating a defined cavity for the insulation material and keeping fasteners within safe working lengths. The outer weather sheet is secured directly to the raised structural purlin, thereby ensuring clip alignment and fastener performance.

Specific loading requirements are achieved by varying the support bracket centres.

Mechanical spacer systems form the backbone of single and dual skin built-up systems where specific structural, thermal and fire performance is required.

1 Only accredited, independently tested mechanical spacer systems should be used.

FOAM SPACERS2

Foam spacers, such as the CSR Bradford ThermodeckTM spacer, are manufactured from high-density, extruded closed cell rigid foam.

These spacers are secured directly to the purlins in continuous lengths after the insulation blanket has been draped over purlin. They still cause compression at the purlin, but allow the blanket to regain some loft between purlins by simultaneously elevating the weather sheet and providing the required thermal break.

Draping the insulation over purlin results in a tapered compression, which does still affect the overall R-value of the installed insulation. It is extremely important to compensate for this loss in overall R-value by increasing the depth of the specified insulation blanket and packer accordingly. Accurate thermal modelling should be carried out to determine the additional depth of insulation required.

2 IMPORTANT NOTEFoam spacers have a number of design constraints that limit their application:

NOT suitable for any form of concealed fix roofing profiles NOT suitable for roof pitches exceeding 5 NOT suitable for high wind zones NOT suitable for roof surfaces that support static or

dynamic loads, including but not limited to loads such as: foot traffic, air-conditioning units, hot flues, vents, aerials, walkways, solar panels, etc.

NOT suitable as a wall spacer system

CONCLUSIONThe additional costs associated with the incorporation of a suitable spacer system into the roof assembly design remain negligible when considering the cost savings achieved by insulation that ultimately achieves its full design capability over the life cycle of the building.

Achieving energy-efficient, structurally sound and compliant roof assemblies no longer needs to be an onerous task for professionals and contractors. With proven installation methods and tighter on-site quality control, bulk insulation, whether used in single skin or dual skin applications, can still achieve its well earned reputation as an affordable solution in achieving excellent thermal, acoustic and fire performance.

For more information, send an email to the author at Dion.Marsh@ashandlacy.com.

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Ashgrid bracket and bar.

Ashgrid with bulk insulation and straining wire.

Thermodeck spacer.

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It is customary for structural engineers to design the structures and connections. Dowel-type fasteners such as screws, nails or bolts, as well as sheet metal fasteners are common connectors used for timber structures. These particular screws are suitable for many applications, for example:

For flooring that utilizes derived timber products: With an outer thread diameter ranging from 4.0mm to 4.5mm.

For cladding or decking in solid wood: With a diameter range of 4.5mm up to 5.5mm. (SPAX offers these fasteners in stainless steel for those scenarios where the structures are exposed to harsh weather conditions.)

In connections of structural members out of solid wood or glue-laminated wood: Depending on the size of the timber members, with a diameter range of 6.0mm to 10.0mm (up to 12.0mm) self-tapping, and up to 16mm in pre-drilled timber members.

NOT ALL SCREWS ARE ALIKE It is possible to differentiate between screws based on their thread length, the partial thread, and full thread.

With partial-threaded screws, timber members can be tightened together. Screws with a partial thread and washer head are perfectly suitable for tightening building parts together, or for tying down rafters. With full-threaded screws it is possible to reinforce timber members or high load-bearing connections in many variations.

The following types of connections can be carried out easily and efficiently with SPAX self-tapping screws. Note: The rules applied for alignment and the load-bearing design are according to Eurocode 5 and the SPAX ETA 12/0114.

First connection: Beam to post with inclined screws. The washer head screw is the clamping tool to keep the two members in place during installation. The full-threaded screws secure the connection and ensure long-lasting load transfer.

Second connection: Bracing to post and bracing to beam with screws. Here again the washer head screw is the clamping tool to keep the bracing in place, offering free hands during installation. The full-threaded screws secure the connection and ensure high load-bearing capacity.

For equal load-bearing capacity of the full-thread screws, the effective penetration length lef(point side) and lef,k(head side) in both members should be equal.

For the first connection, beam to post, in case the beam is considerably high, the minimum penetration length in the post as a general rule should be at least lef = 14 x d1 (with d1 = outer thread diameter).

For the second connection with bracing, in case the post is considerably small in width or the bracing is considerably high, and for bracings with an angle of 45 to post or beam, the minimum penetration length in the post or beam as a general rule should be in minimum lef = 10 x d1.

The right fastener for the right connection

When it comes to timber structures, connections play an important role. They have an impact on the architectural design, load-bearing behaviour and stiffness, visibility and workflow during the pre-manufacturing as well as on-

site assembly stages. SPAX, specialist fastener provider, tells us more.

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Connection 1: Beam to post. Connection 2: Bracing to post and bracing to beam.

Information and images by: SPAX

AVAILABLE FROM:

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ALIGNMENT OF SCREWS FOR BEAM TO POST CONNECTION:

STRUCTURAL DESIGN FOR A GIVEN EXAMPLE OF BEAM TO POST CONNECTION:

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= midpoint of screw in timberd1 = outer thread diameter of respective screw

h = height of beam in minimum 12 x d1For SPAX 6mm: h 72mmFor SPAX 8mm: h 96mm

w = width of post in minimum 12 x d1For SPAX 6mm: h 72mm (100mm preferred)For SPAX 8mm: h 96 mm (120mm preferred)

a3,c = spacing parallel to grain for SPAX according to ETA 5xd1For SPAX 6mm: a3,c 30mmFor SPAX 8mm: a3,c 40mmFor other screws: See Eurocode 5 a3,c = 10xd1, which is double to SPAX

a4,c = spacing perpendicular to grain for SPAX according to ETA 3xd1For SPAX 6mm: a3,c 18mmFor SPAX 8mm: a3,c 24mmFor other screws: See Eurocode 5 even up to a3,c = 4xd1

= angle of screw to beam in a range of 60 to 75

lef,k = effective screw length head side

lef = effective screw length point side

11.0kN Design Value of fastener axial withdrawal resistance per screw, according to Eurocode 5 and SPAX ETA-12/0114, considering reduction factor kmod = 0.9 for wind loads and M = 1.3 for material. For vertical uplift (e.g. wind), both full-thread screws equal to 19.3kN; for horizontal loading in beam direction both screws equal to 7.0kN.

NOTE: For the screw design, the SPAX design guide (with explanations and load-bearing tables) is available in the SPAX download section on www.spax.com.

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ALIGNMENT OF SCREWS FOR BRACING TO POST OR BRACING TO BEAM CONNECTION:

DESIGN OF SCREW LOADED ON PULL OUT

Fax,,Rk = characteristic value of fastener axial withdrawal resistancenef = effective number of fastenersfax,k = characteristic withdrawal parameterd1 = outer thread diameterlef = effective thread length in member 2 (point side)lef,k = effective thread length in member 1 (head side)k = characteristic density of wooden member = angle between the screw axis and the direction of the grain

= midpoint of screw in timberd1 = outer thread diameter of respective screw

h = height of bracing in minimum 12 x d1For SPAX 6mm: h 72mmFor SPAX 8mm: h 96mm

w = width of post in minimum 12 x d1For SPAX 6mm: h 72mm (100mm preferred)For SPAX 8mm: h 96 mm (120mm preferred)

a3,c = spacing parallel to grain for SPAX according to ETA 5xd1For SPAX 6mm: a3,c 30mmFor SPAX 8mm: a3,c 40mmFor other screws: See Eurocode 5a3,c = 10xd1, which is double to SPAX

a4,c = spacing perpendicular to grain for SPAX according to ETA 3xd1For SPAX 6mm: a3,c 18mmFor SPAX 8mm: a3,c 24mmFor other screws: See Eurocode 5 a3,c = 4xd1

= angle of screw to bracing 90

lef,k = effective screw length head side

lef = effective screw length point side

Alternative: Traditional wood-wood connection secured with SPAX washer head screw.

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min. = 15.9kNPull out head side:Fax,,Rk = 12N/mm 8mm 255mm 0.85 1 = 20.8kN

Reduction for governing load (wind) according to Eurocode 5 kmod = 0.9Reduction for material wood according to Eurocode 5 M = 1.3

Design value of fastener axial withdrawal resistance:Fax,,Rd = 15.9kN 0.9 / 1.3 = 11.0 kN governing

Design value of steel tensile resistance: ftens,d = 17.0 / 1.3kN = 13.1kN

Group effect: 11.0 kN 20.9/2 = 10.3kN per screw; vertical component per screw = 9.65kN, horizontal component per screw = 3.5kN.

SPAX products are available in South African from FixTec.

For more information, visit www.fixtec.co.za.

Custom sized skylights,access hatches & glass pyramids

Tel: (021) 551 7533 www.fsroofwindows.co.za

Affordable Reduces electricity use Eco friendly Tubular Skylights

In the past, sassda found that, despite entry being free, some participating companies got held up in the actual application process. But now, sassda representatives can visit prospective entrants offices and assist them with the paperwork to ensure the process is as quick and easy as possible. In this way, we also hope to increase the number of local and international entries from the 44 that we received in 2014, with the overall aim of ensuring the cream of South Africas stainless steel crop rises to the top in 2016, says sassda Executive Director, John Tarboton.

BOOST TO INDUSTRYLooking at the role the awards have to play in the growth and development of the local stainless steel sector, Tarboton says the importance of the awards shouldnt be underestimated. Theyre instrumental in raising awareness of stainless steel and its myriad of uses and applications within the local and global economy. By recognizing excellence within the local stainless steel sector in particular, the awards have become a source of inspiration to ensure that global quality standards are adhered and strived for.

In terms of entry requirements, individuals and companies (locally and abroad) that are involved in the design, production, conversion, distribution, use or specification of stainless steel are eligible to enter. The criteria for entries are as follows:

Excellence: Exceptional work concepts and execution Innovation: Creativity, originality and advancement Sustainability: For the business and environment Efficiency: Keeping to deadlines and minimizing costs Quality: Of the products and work done Impact on the environment: Ensuring minimal carbon

footprint Job creation: Employment opportunities created

This years revitalized awards are accommodating an enhanced list of categories, adjusted and expanded to improve their relevance to the real-world scenario that entrants face on a daily basis.

They now include:

Architecture Building and Construction Engineering Export Achievement Ferritic Stainless Steel Duplex Stainless Steel Food and Beverage Catering and Hospitality Art Manufacturing Innovation Product Development Environmental Excellence; as well as Student, Lifetime Achievement and Business Excellence

awards.

A CLEAR RETURN ON INVESTMENTOverall, Tarboton says, the awards are an invaluable means of promoting entrants businesses. Our aim is to boost the aspirational value of the awards by ensuring that participants see the clear return on investment that their participation and winning provides. This through the creation of greater market awareness of their product or service, as well as contact and networking with other key players in the industry. Ultimately, the awards should be seen as the Oscars of the local industry. And with this streamlined entry process, we are putting our money where our mouth is when it comes to ensuring that everyone who deserves to be a winner, is a winner, he concludes.

Entries for the awards close on 31 July 2016 and will be judged by an independent panel of judges drawn from recognized professionals, representing all sectors of industry. Finalists and winners will be announced at a gala banquet on 20 October 2016.

For more information, or to enter, visit http://sassda.co.za/stainless-steel-awards-entry-form-2016/ or send an email to francis@sassda.co.za.

In pursuit of brilliance The new-look 2016 sassda - Columbus Stainless Awards are gearing up to

recognize a stellar list of award winners in October, with the news that sassda (the Southern Africa Stainless Steel Development Association) will provide a free

consulting service to assist companies requiring help with the entry process.

John Tarboton - Executive Director of sassda.

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Etex specializes in the manufacturing and marketing of building materials across four business units: cladding and building boards in fibre cement and plaster, roofing materials, passive fire protection, and high-performance insulation and ceramic wall and floor tiles.

Subsequent to the acquisition of the Lafarge Gypsum business in November last year, Marley Building Systems can now deliver to the market a complementary collection of brands from one supplier. These brands include Marley Roofing for roofing, Kalsi for fibre cement, Siniat for plasterboard and Equitone for decorative faades.

This move has been welcomed by architects and building contractors, among other industry players, making Marley Building Systems a one-stop-shop for superior roofing, cladding and dry construction solutions.

At the recent African Construction and Totally Concrete Expo at the Gallagher Convention Centre, Mark Irving, Managing Director of Marley Building Systems in South Africa, said the company is working hard to entrench its presence in South Africa and cross-border into the rest of Africa. We want our products to tell a story, he said. A story that reflects the creative, technically sound and performance-driven commitment of Marley Building Systems to sustainable building solutions in Africa.

NEW RANGE OF CLAY ROOFING TILESThe product portfolio of Marley Roofing includes all types of concrete and clay tiles as well as the more modern fibre cement slates.

Working with some of South Africas leading roofers in providing a vast range of roofing products, Marley Building Systems is confident that Marley Roofing will continue as a stronghold in the marketplace through its delivery of precision-engineered products that meet environmental standards (SABS ISO14001) and surpass quality and performance standards for applications ranging from educational, hospitality and healthcare, to commercial and residential.

The new range of international clay roofing tiles now available through Marley Building Systems is a prime example of the competitive edge that has been added to Marley Roofings offering.

The range is different and revolutionary, and our most demanding customers have already taken a liking to it, says Isaac Simelane, Architectural and Specification Manager at Marley Building Systems. The high quality of the tiles is obtained with an advanced technological process that is soluble salts resistant (perfect for coastal areas), ice resistant, watertight and impermeable, with a low porosity of less than 3%.

For more information, email Ayanda Ndlovu, Communications and Product Manager, at ayanda.ndlovu@marley.co.za or call (011) 316 2121.

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Marley Building Systems a subsidiary of Belgian industrial group, Etex, is redefining building methodology with innovative, sustainable and

complete building solutions.

Marley Building Systems also had a workshop area at the expo where visitors could attend scheduled product demonstrations on

the four brands currently in the company stable.

Marley Building Systems stand at the African Construction and Totally Concrete Expo held at Gallagher Convention Centre on

10 and 11 May 2016.

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Innovative. Sustainable. Complete.

Tel: 011 316 2121Fax: 011 316 4138

Web: www.marleybuildingsystems.co.za

Innovation is at the heart of our priorities. Our extensive product range blends sustainability and architectural creativity to inspire better ways ofbuilding and living.

Our Fibre Cement Facades, Fibre Cement & Gypsum building boards and Roofing solutions put us in a unique position to contribute to complete solutions for building projects

Tel: 0860 ISOVER (476837) Fax: 086 673 1088 www.isover.co.zaDownload the isover SA app

Factorylite is a leading Glasswool roof Insulation faced on one side with either a reinforced foil or white metalized foil. It is specially developed for metal buildings and has two main attributes that are critical when choosing insulation. Firstly stabilizing the indoor comfort levels providing efficient thermal and acoustic properties and secondly the prevention of moisture collecting due to condensation which can lead to physical degradation. Factorylite Features and Benefits

Lamination The lamination process of applying adhesives and a facing to the Glasswool insulation blanket is a critical part of the products designed performance. It can greatly affect the thickness recovery of the insulation and the fire properties of the material due to the performance of the facing and amount/type of adhesive applied. ISOVERs lamination process is monitored under stringent conditions in accordance to ISO 9001.CondensationCondensation should be controlled in metal buildings, as condensed water droplets on the metal can corrode the integrity of the structure. Using aluminum foil on its own as a vapor-retarder does not control condensation. Factorylite insulation is of utmost importance as its thermal performance ensures that dew point is not reached.

Energy Efficiency - Meets the requirements of SANS 10400 XA by reducing heat loss/gain due to the inherent thermal insulation properties and is suitable for high humidity applications and eliminates condensation. Acoustic Properties - Offers exceptional acoustic properties & enhances indoor environmental quality by absorption of noise.Fire Properties - Factorylite is a non combustible material tested to SANS 10177 Part 5 and achieves a Class 1 fire index rating when tested to SANS 10177 Part 3. It also meets the international norms and standards tested to EN 13823, EN 13501-1 and ASTM E-84Environmental Sustainability - Glasswool is made from a combination of naturally occurring silica, fluxing agents and up to 80% recycled glass. Glasswool has a Zero Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) and no CFCs or HCFCs are produced in the production process.

ISOVERs Factorylite Insulation

Accreditation Membership

P56399 Factorylite Editorial Design.indd 1 2014/07/21 1:06 PM

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Tel: 0860 ISOVER (476837) Fax: 086 673 1088 www.isover.co.za Download the isover SA app

Metal Buildings

Shopping Centres

Commercial Buildings

Warehouses

Schools

Hospitals

Factorylite insulation meets the requirements

P56397 Factorylite Advert Design.indd 1 2014/07/18 3:29 PM

Tel: 0860 ISOVER (476837) Fax: 086 673 1088 www.isover.co.zaDownload the isover SA app

Factorylite is a leading Glasswool roof Insulation faced on one side with either a reinforced foil or white metalized foil. It is specially developed for metal buildings and has two main attributes that are critical when choosing insulation. Firstly stabilizing the indoor comfort levels providing efficient thermal and acoustic properties and secondly the prevention of moisture collecting due to condensation which can lead to physical degradation. Factorylite Features and Benefits

Lamination The lamination process of applying adhesives and a facing to the Glasswool insulation blanket is a critical part of the products designed performance. It can greatly affect the thickness recovery of the insulation and the fire properties of the material due to the performance of the facing and amount/type of adhesive applied. ISOVERs lamination process is monitored under stringent conditions in accordance to ISO 9001.CondensationCondensation should be controlled in metal buildings, as condensed water droplets on the metal can corrode the integrity of the structure. Using aluminum foil on its own as a vapor-retarder does not control condensation. Factorylite insulation is of utmost importance as its thermal performance ensures that dew point is not reached.

Energy Efficiency - Meets the requirements of SANS 10400 XA by reducing heat loss/gain due to the inherent thermal insulation properties and is suitable for high humidity applications and eliminates condensation. Acoustic Properties - Offers exceptional acoustic properties & enhances indoor environmental quality by absorption of noise.Fire Properties - Factorylite is a non combustible material tested to SANS 10177 Part 5 and achieves a Class 1 fire index rating when tested to SANS 10177 Part 3. It also meets the international norms and standards tested to EN 13823, EN 13501-1 and ASTM E-84Environmental Sustainability - Glasswool is made from a combination of naturally occurring silica, fluxing agents and up to 80% recycled glass. Glasswool has a Zero Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) and no CFCs or HCFCs are produced in the production process.

ISOVERs Factorylite Insulation

Accreditation Membership

P56399 Factorylite Editorial Design.indd 1 2014/07/21 1:06 PM

EPDM is a 100% cured, single-ply roofing membrane made of a synthetic rubber, Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Terpolymer. EPDM is unmatched when it comes to long-term service life. For more than 50 years, EPDM has proven to be reliable and sustainable. Moreover, EPDM can be recycled at the end of its service life.

When it comes to selecting building materials while playing your part in helping to conserve natural resources, it is both practical and viable to choose products with long life expectancies that will minimize or delay the need for replacement. In this regard, one cannot beat the exceptional service life that EPDM yields:

30-Year aged EPDM exhibits properties that actually exceed those of new EPDM

One of only a few membranes with 50+ years of real-world experience

Industry-leading UV weathering resistance compared to other membranes

Excellent resistance to hail damage (documented in numerous tests)

Added protection against premature failure caused by condensation

Extremely repairable membrane, even at the end of its service life

LIFE CYCLE ANALYSISIn a study assessing the cradle-to-grave impact of raw materials, manufacturing, installation and disposal, additional environmental benefits of EPDM were identified. Some of the reasons why EPDM outperforms other waterproofing products include:

1. Long service life: EPDM has been tested and used for more than 45 years.

2. Natural resource conservation: EPDM weighs half of what bitumen weighs and consumes fewer natural resources.

3. Reduced oil consumption: Asphalt is a by-product of oil. EPDM can be produced from natural gas.

4. Ponding water: EPDM is not affected by ponding water and has been used as pond liners for decades.

5. Flashing details: Many bitumen products exclude details from their warranties, but with EPDM the flashing details are covered.

6. Safer adhesive technology: EPDM uses a chemical bond and does not require any flames or heat to install.

7. EPDM is completely maintenance-free and comes with a guarantee of up to 30 years.

8. Fewer seams: EPDM comes in 9m-wide sheets, which eliminates the need for multiple seams.

9. Durability: Asphalt tends to become brittle with age, leaving it vulnerable. EPDM retains its elasticity.

10. Puncture resistant: EPDM has been proven to outperform asphalt in numerous tests over the years.

INSTALLATION METHODS To waterproof roofs, three main installation methods are used for EPDM.

1.FULLY ADHERED SYSTEM

The fully adhered roof system offers a high degree of stability and uplift protection where high wind is a concern.

The EPDM is adhered directly to the substrate using a bonding adhesive that is specifically formulated to bond the single-ply membrane to just about any surface.

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DM The ABCs of EPDM

Sustainability and environmental conservation are two of the top priorities in todays construction industry. And using building materials with a long life expectancy is one of the best ways to achieve long-term sustainability, says Robert Brooker from Waterbrothers. In this article, he tells us why EPDM should be at the top of the product list.

Article and images by: Robert Brooker, Owner of Waterbrothers cc

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2.BALLASTED SYSTEM

Because of its fast installation and insulation properties, ballasted systems are an extremely economical choice.

The EPDM membrane is loosely laid on the substrate together with a geotextile for added protection, and then a ballast consisting of stone or pavers is used to hold the membrane in place. The ballast helps to shield the membrane from the elements, thereby extending its service life.

3.INVERTED BALLASTED SYSTEM

This is the preferred roofing system especially designed for high-traffic roofs.

It is comprised of a layer of loosely laid single-ply EPDM with an insulation board covered by a geotextile, and then a ballast is added to hold the whole system down. Quick to install, this system can also be retrofitted to existing buildings where the roof can accommodate the load.

The inverted ballasted system makes the building extremely energy efficient in both hot and cold climates.

For more information, visit www.waterbrothers.co.za or email the author at info@waterbrothers.co.za.

JUNE 2016

TEL: 082 776 1097ENQUIRIES: info@trussworks.co.za

ALL TYPES OF SLATE FOR ALL TYPES OF ROOFS

ALL UNDERONE ROOF

NATURALLY SLATE is a roong company based on pure quality natural products. We are the sole importers of Spanish conventional slate. We also specialize in Mazista, sheeting, Zinc Titanium proles/ashings and bespoke truss designs.

Tel: (021) 704 1122Fax: (021) 704 1110Email: erik@naturallyslate.co.za / info@tsrw.co.zaAddress: 12 Ferndale drive, Ottery, 7800 (Cape Town)

Spanish Slate Mazista Slate Roof Repairs Roof Inspections Zinc Titanium Proles Sheet Roong Bespoke Truss Design

TSRW can install into any roof prole and any pitch. Roof windows are very well-suited to thatch roofs, especially when large eaves shadow the windows below. Roof windows also add to the beauty of exposed beam ceilings.

Since 1988, TSRW has been trusted to install top-quality roof windows. They complement every roof.

We are the leading manufacturer of the centre pivot roof window in Africa.

Call us today for your custom-t window

Specialist manufacturer of roof windows and skylights Well over 40,000 windows tted nationwide Adheres to SANS10400-A and SANS10400-XA Natural light with a view Improved ventilation and heat control www.tsrw.co.za

Scaffolders, painters, roofers and maintenance and construction crews all use it. To the industry at large, the shock absorbing lanyard has become so synonymous with safety at height that, nowadays, most manufacturers sell it as a unit stitched to and integrated with the full body harness rather than an add-on item. Shock absorbing lanyards (also known as fall arrestors, energy absorbers and a range of other terms) are the go-to safety gear for work at height professionals. It is safe to assume that the shock absorbing lanyard is the single most used item among fall protection equipment in South Africa and possibly the world. So why any hesitation, and why isnt it unequivocally accepted and used by all?

Here are a few things to consider before buying a set of shock absorbing lanyards:

IT ALLOWS FOR A FALLTake a moment to consider that. When working at height, the one thing central to a persons safety is whether they can actually fall (off, from, or into) or not. The standard operating procedure for a shock absorbing lanyard includes it allowing you to actually fall. Thats comparable to having a proven cure for malaria, but in order for it to work, you first need to contract malaria. Whatever happened to prevention being better than cure?

It could be said that the shock absorbing lanyards modus operandi has a primary assumption that reads: The user is falling, uncontrollably and with no other measures in place, from an unknown height. The shock absorbing lanyard requires the user to fall before it starts to address the situation.

The shocking truth about shock absorbing lanyardsMany view the widespread use of shock absorbing lanyards as a turning

point in height safety (safety for the masses) and hail it as a lifesaver. But others reel at the mere sight of it. Hein Stapelberg of Fall Protection Works explores this point of contention and helps us understand why an apparent

leap in the right direction on the worksite is frowned upon by some.

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ITS ABILITY TO DO ITS WORK (ARRESTING A FALL) DEPENDS ON THE ENVIRONMENT IT IS USED INShock absorbing lanyards are designed and manufactured in such a way that the equipment starts getting activated by a force exceeding 2kN roughly comparable to a load of 200kg. Work situations that pose a risk of falling vary widely, and therefore the resulting force of a persons fall can also vary, depending on several factors. Examples include how much slack is in the lanyard at the time, the projection of the fall (e.g. straight down or in a pendulum motion), the persons body posture and orientation at the time, etc.

These types of factors influence the force that is finally exerted on the shock absorbing lanyard and, in turn, the relative effectiveness with which it can perform its duties.

In addition, moisture levels, ambient heat, age and the exposure of the materials to chemicals (even airborne) can all affect the tearability or force-absorbing performance of the shock absorbing lanyard. And that means little predictability and varying performance.

ITS EASY TO USE IT INCORRECTLY Shock absorbing lanyards are advanced pieces of equipment resulting from many years of research and development. The typical shock absorbing lanyard is made up of various elements: connectors, connection rings, webbing, buckles, protective sheaths, etc.

However, some of these elements have been shown to be incompatible with other components within the fall protection system during what could be considered normal use. For example, as a result of the violent shaking and twisting of the equipment during the arrest of a fall, some connectors may inadvertently become disconnected from the anchor point during the fall event.

Moreover, it can easily happen that a lanyard gets used incorrectly in a way that exceeds the ability of the equipment to arrest a fall safely. Examples include overloading or cross-loading it.

On South African worksites, it is unfortunately not uncommon to find users inadvertently short-circuiting the shock absorbing element of the lanyard through incorrect tie-back practices.

YOU NEED SPACE LOTS OF IT Most shock absorbing lanyards found on construction sites are inexpensive, simple designs that are not adjustable in any way. That means the user will fall the entire length of the lanyard before it is activated. And once it is activated, it stretches even more. The result of this is that the area below the user might have to be significantly clear and open essentially free from any obstacles that might interfere with the fall trajectory or the pendulum of the user after a fall. But in reality, very few worksites offer that option.

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TSites are usually a maze, made up of scaffolding, formwork, tools, equipment and structures. In such cases, a persons fall may still be arrested, but the safely part effectively falls away. Many fall injuries actually result from the casualty striking an obstacle during the fall or during the resulting swing.

FALL ARRESTED. NOW WHAT?

In a real sense, the shock absorbing lanyard effectively led to the establishment of an entire rescue industry. Being suspended in a full body harness is extremely uncomfortable and dangerous. And all the more so when suspended at the end of a 2m-long lanyard, which is commonly attached to the users back attachment point. It's a high-risk position to be in, and it demands an immediate response in order to limit the damage that is already occurring within the casualtys body. With most shock absorbing lanyards, theres little on offer at this point for the user. Some have built-in relief straps (a strap that you can stand on, but which is attached to a point on your harness), but such measures are temporary.

There are many more considerations to be aware of when choosing your fall protection equipment. With proper training and good fall protection planning, and by using products from reputable manufacturers, it is possible to use shock absorbing lanyards safely. But the current trend of grab and go is not conducive to favourable statistics.

Shock absorbing lanyards are often not the best (or even a good) solution for working in a fall risk position. Consult a qualified industry professional to assist you with the best-suited safety equipment and a custom safety programme for your specific operational needs.

For more information, send an email to the author at hein@fallprotectionworks.com or call 0860 No-FALL.

www.cityceilings.co.za

City Ceilings offers a complete range of products for drywall partitioning, suspended and skimmed ceiling material and all other accessories.

Unit 1 Maynhardt Street, Strand

Tel: 021 854 8550/2Email: sales@cityceilings.co.za

Unit 8 Lansdowne Junction, Induland Crescent, Lansdowne

Tel: 021 691 0084Email: sales@cityceilings.co.za

Stockist of:

Strand Lansdowne

The primary function of private hospitals is to provide healthcare services. However, they are effectively a business just like any other large enterprise. They are faced, like any other property owner, with the challenge of having to manage multiple facilities at their premises. One fact that is most frequently overlooked is effective management of the rooftop space of hospital and clinic buildings.

Outsourced rooftop management can assist healthcare groups and facilities to simplify the management function and associated challenges, including health and safety requirements, space management, asset management, and the effective meter management of the energy consumption of equipment that resides on the roofs of these facilities. The lack of rooftop management can even result in a loss of revenue.

These rooftops house a wide variety of telecommunications infrastructure in order to provide communication for hospital patients, staff, IT equipment, visitors as well as surrounding areas. Without an asset register, it is almost impossible to track the abundance of equipment from a variety of tenants. Without control, equipment can be installed on the rooftop without the knowledge of the healthcare facility. This leads to the challenge of general access to this equipment, as management are not aware of what equipment resides on the rooftop but more importantly, who is allowed access to this equipment. Without rooftop management, lease management is difficult, since a lack of this information hinders the ability to review leases when they expire, and pricing cannot be maintained in line with current market values.

Rooftops tend to become labyrinths of masts, antennas, satellite dishes, security cameras, transceivers and more. This haphazard and unmanaged approach may be in breach of health and safety regulations. And more often than not, facilities managers are unaware of this fact. Exposed cabling and points of connection that are not properly enclosed may be a fire hazard, and ignorance does not remove the liability to the property owner should something go wrong. An outsourced rooftop management service can assist to identify these areas of risk and provide recommendations to resolve them.

Most buildings rooftop space is limited, so it is imperative for this area to be effectively managed as there is an overall increase in demand for wireless technologies to be deployed. If this is achieved, space for water tanks, solar panels and generators can be taken into consideration.

There are many benefits to effective rooftop management; however, this is often overlooked as it requires specialist skills and knowledge of telecommunications infrastructure and equipment. This is not the core business of either hospitals or the majority of facilities managers. Without this expertise to understand exactly what infrastructure is installed and for what purpose, it becomes almost impossible to adequately manage the rooftops real estate.

Outsourcing this service to an expert service provider can help healthcare facilities and private hospital groups to address this challenge head-on. A comprehensive service, including a full audit, professional advice and active management of rooftop equipment, provides a complete managed solution and service through a single point of contact. A complete managed rooftop service can assist private healthcare groups to leverage professional management and the standardization of rooftop installations across their entire property portfolio.

Rooftop management for healthcare facilities

In this article, Mark Swemmer from Jasco Property Technology Management shares his view on the importance of effective rooftop

management, and how a comprehensive rooftop service can benefit the private healthcare industry.

Article by: Mark Swemmer, Business Manager - Jasco Property Technology Management

Mark Swemmer, Business Manager - Jasco Property Technology Management

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY REGULATIONS

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Insulation and the Energy Efficiency

RegulationsTIPSASA, the Thermal Insulation Products & Systems Association SA, has released its highly anticipated TiPS Guidebook on Thermal Insulation & Energy Saving. SA Roofing appreciates the opportunity to share with our readers valuable information contained in the TiPS Guidebook, not only in this issue, but future editions as well. To start, we refresh ourselves with

some current regulatory mandates.

GOVERNMENT: REGULATION XANational Building Regulations and Building Standards Act 103 of 1977

Amended 9 September 2011 to addPart X: Environmental sustainability &

PART XA Energy usage in buildings

REGULATION XA1:Design & construct buildings

energy efficient

APPOINTCompetent Person:

Engineer to do the design

RATIONAL DESIGN

NOTE:SANS10400-XA & SANS204 have the

same insulation requirements

REGULATION XA2:At least 50% of annual hot water

other than electrical heating (solar, heat pumps, etc.)

PURCHASE

SANS10400-XAEnergy usage in Buildings

Building Envelope Requirements: Orientation & shading; Walls;

Fenestration; and Roof Assemblies

SANS204 ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS

DEEMED-TO-SATISFY

REGULATION XA3:To comply with XA1a) SANS10400-XA; orb) Rational design; orc) Theoretical calculation

OBTAIN

Agrment Certification Fit for purpose

AGRMENT SOUTH AFRICA

or or

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REGULATION XA1In order to contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases, buildings and extensions to buildings in respect of which plans and specifications are to be drawn and submitted in terms of the Act, having A1, A2, A3, A4, C1, C2, E1, E2, E3, E4, F1, F2, F3, G1, H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5 occupancies or building classifications in accordance with Regulation A20, excluding garage and storages areas contained within such occupancies, shall be designed and constructed so that they:

a) are capable of using energy efficiently while fulfilling user needs in relation to vertical transport, if any, thermal comfort, lighting and hot water; or

b) have a building envelope and services which facilitate the efficient use of energy appropriate to its function and use, internal environment and geographical location.

Equipment and plant required for conducting the business of the occupant shall be excluded from these requirements.

REGULATION XA2At least 50% by volume of the annual average hot water heating requirement shall be provided by means other than electrical resistance heating, including but not limited to solar heating, heat pumps, heat recovery from other systems or processes and renewable combustible fuel.

REGULATION XA3The requirements of sub-regulation XA1 shall be deemed to be satisfied when such building is designed and constructed in accordance with the following requirements:

a) has an orientation of the longest axis, shading, services and building envelope in accordance with SANS10400-XA; or

b) is the subject of a rational design by a competent person, which demonstrates that the energy usage of such building is equivalent to or better than that which would have been

achieved by compliance with the requirements of SANS10400-XA; or

c) has a theoretical energy usage performance determined using certified thermal calculation software, less than or equal to that of a reference building in accordance with SANS10400-XA.

SANS10400-A: 2010 EDITION 3REGULATION A2PLANS AND PARTICULARS TO BE FURNISHED

A2 (1) Any person intending to erect any building, shall submit to the local authority the following plans and particulars, together with the application:

(g) a declaration by a person registered in a

professional category of registration in terms of one of the councils for the professions identified in the Council for the Built Environment Act, 2000 (Act No. 43 of 2000) in the relevant portion of Form 1 contained in SANS10400-A as to how the applicable functional regulations shall be satisfied.

REGULATION A19APPOINTMENT OF PERSONS RESPONSIBLE FOR DESIGN, INSPECTION AND ASSESSMENT DUTIES

A19 (13) Where any person provides any information or certificate required in terms of this Regulation of which he or she knows to be incomplete or false, such person shall be guilty of an offence.

SOURCE CREDIT

TiPS Guidebook on Thermal Insulation & Energy Saving TIPSASA 2016

For more information, visit the TIPSASA website at www.tipsasa.co.za.

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SANS10400 PART A BUILDING OCCUPANCY APPLICABLE TO REGULATION XA1

A1 Entertainment & Public Assembly E3 Other institutional (residential)

A2 Theatrical & indoor sport E4 Health care

A3 Place of instruction F1 Large shop

A4 Worship F2 Small shop

A5 Outdoor sport F3 Wholesalers store

B1 High risk commercial service G1 Offices

B2 Moderate risk commercial service H1 Hotel

B3 Low risk commercial service H2 Dormitory

C1 Exhibition hall H3 Domestic residence

C2 Museum H4 Dwelling house

D1 High risk industrial H5 Hospitality

D2 Moderate risk industrial J1 High risk storage

D3 Low risk industrial J2 Moderate risk storage

D4 Plant room J3 Low risk storage

E1 Place of detention J4 Parking garage

E2 Hospital

JUNE 2016 35

As full restoration can be reasonably expensive, it is recommended to homeowners that they carry out a certain amount of general maintenance on their homes roofs. Moreover, poorly maintained roofs can cause severe damage to interior and exterior walls.

Any unwashed areas of the roof that are not exposed to natural rainfall, including fascia and spouting systems, should be hosed down at least once every six months. Furthermore, it is important to promptly remove any organic growth like lichen or moss build-up, as it can damage the surface of the roofing material. For removal of organic growth, a recognized moss treatment process should be undertaken.

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roof restoration (Part 2)In the previous instalment of our Roofing Matters series, Toni Stella

pointed out important aspects of roof restoration and painting specifically. Here he continues to share pertinent facts and very practical solutions to very common problems, while giving further pointers that will

ensure the paint work ends in a job well done. Article by: Toni Stella, National Training Manager of the SA Paint Manufacturing Association (SAPMA)

Adding new colour not only makes a roof look more attractive but also boosts property values.

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COMMON ROOFING PROBLEMS AND EFFECTIVE SOLUTIONSM

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Dirty surface

Clean the surface thoroughly, using an alkaline degreaser. Mix 1 part of the alkaline degreaser with 5 parts of water. Apply with a cloth or sponge, and allow soaking into the dirt. Scrub the surface and rinse off thoroughly with clean water.

Allow the surface to dry properly before painting.

Roof leaks Fix all leaks before painting. Leaks might be due to broken tiles, ineffective flashings, overlaps between roof

sheeting, weathered areas around roof nails, etc. Treat the surface with a waterproofing compound.

Algae and fungus

Remove by scraping, wire brushing or scrubbing with a hard bristle brush and fresh water. Apply a fungal wash, diluted with 1 part of water to 1 part fungal wash. Be sure to protect your hands and eyes. Leave to dry, then scrub thoroughly with plenty of fresh water and a hard bristle brush to remove all traces of

fungal wash and dead growth.

New, unpainted roofing in overall sound condition

Wash/scrub down thoroughly with an alkaline degreaser. Rinse well with fresh water and allow the surface to dry.

Cement/Fibre cement roofing

Scrub the surface using an alkaline degreaser solution and bristle broom (course scrubbing brush) to remove debris and loose material.

Use a breathing filter to avoid inhaling any dust. Scrape the surface to create a sound base. Rinse thoroughly with tap water while scrubbing the surface with the bristle broom. Allow to dry completely before painting. Seal the entire roof with masonry primer.

Bare areas of cement or fibre-reinforced surfaces

Prime with an acrylic roof paint, undiluted. For aged and friable surfaces, prime with a bonding liquid.

New galvanized iron roofing material

Degrease by brushing a galvanized iron cleaner onto the entire surface. Rinse with tap water. Repeat cleaning until a water break free surface is achieved. To check this, pour half a cup of water on the surface

and wipe your hand through it. The water must run freely. If it collects in droplets, it is not water break free. If the surface is less than 1km from the sea, apply a coat of anti-corrosive primer. Apply two coats of acrylic roof paint.

Aged/Rusted galvanized iron roofing material

Scrub rusted areas with emery paper or a wire brush until the surface is bright. Apply galvanized iron cleaner to the entire surface and leave to react for 2 minutes. Hose and scrub down with tap water, using a hard bristle brush or broom to obtain a water break free surface

(see explanation above). Patch prime-prepared bright metal areas, where galvanizing has been depleted by rust, using an anti-corrosive

primer. If the surface is less than 1km from the sea, prime the entire roof with anti-corrosive primer. Apply two coats of acrylic roof paint.

Previously painted with enamel (still in good condition)

Sand the existing paint to a matt surface. Wash thoroughly with an alkaline degreaser and Scotch-Brite pads. Rinse with clean running water.

Peeling, flaking or cracking paint

Strip back to the metal using a paint stripper that penetrates the paint, causing it to blister. Use a paint scraper to remove the blistered paint. Use steel wool or emery paper if necessary. Wash thoroughly and sand the metal surface. Prime the surface immediately.

New mild steel, coated with factory-applied red primer

Sand the steel before applying a metal primer.

Corrosion of mild steel

Corrosion occurs as red rust. Remove the rust by means of mechanical driving, abrasion, sand blasting or coarse sand. Alternatively, use a rust converter. This is a one-step rust converter, primer and sealer for the treatment of rust.

The creamy white water-based product converts rust into a dark blue material to show that conversion has occurred. Remember that a rust converter may only be used on mild steel. The rust converter must be protected with a full paint system.

Before applying a rust converter, remove all greases, oils, tars etc. with an alkali degreaser, and remove thick rust or blisters by wire brushing so that only thin surface rust remains.

Apply a rust converter by brush or spray. Wait for 3 hours and rinse thoroughly with water before commencing with painting.

Galvanized iron (new and bright)

Degrease with galvanized iron cleaner. Remove white rust with emery paper, but be sure not to ruin the layer of galvanizing. The surface is clean when water that is poured over it runs smoothly off the surface in a water break free line. Prime with a galvanized metal primer.

Galvanized iron gutters

Degrease the gutters (as described above), rinse thoroughly and allow to dry. Paint the inside of the gutter with bitumen.

Weathered and unpainted galvanized iron

Clean with alkaline degreaser. Scrub with a wire brush, rinse thoroughly and allow to dry. Prime with a metal primer within 24 hours.

JUNE 2016 37

Leaks are usually confined to small areas and caused by one or more of the following problems:

FACTS ABOUT TILED ROOF LEAKSPA

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PROBLEM REPAI