SAARC Disaster Management Centre New Delhi

Afghanistan

India Bhutan Bangladesh

Pakistan

Nepal Maldives

Sri Lanka

DISASTER RECOVERY : TOWARDS REBUILDING BETTER FUTURE

Prof Santosh Kumar Director

SAARC Disaster Management Center dirsdmc@gmail.com

country no_

disasters

no_

killed

no_

injured

no_

affected

no_

homeless

total_

affected

total_

damged

Afghanistan 108 8965 2861 7761895 54605 7819361 167110

Bangladesh 103 10180 77318 81745164 215263 82037745 5884000

Bhutan 5 224 28 20000 1000 21028 0

India 234 68385 186835 621743241 10640545 632570621 29269510

Maldives 3 106 2214 14938 13000 30152 470100

Nepal 42 3323 944 3180922 95575 3277441 69852

Pakistan 86 81132 140121 48412983 5036205 53589309 24281648

Sri Lanka 37 36663 23316 8737227 1669433 10429976 2014750

year Disaster event Funding support

1999 Orissa Cyclone, INDIA Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

2001 Gujarat EarthQuake, India Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

2004 Tsunami, Srilanka, Maldives, India Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

2004 Flood, Bangladesh Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

2005 Earth quake Pakistan Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

2007 Cyclone , Bangladesh Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

2008 Floods, NEPAL –India Kosi Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

2010 Floods Pakistan Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

2013 Uttrakhand Floods, India Govt. ADB, World Bank, UN,INGOs &

Others

• Disaster Recovery is inevitable.

• Country misses its growth path from the impact of disaster by loosing higher percentage of GDP.

• The fruits of development investment are affected badly and

• hence there is a big impact on poverty and human development indicators

• Post disaster recovery is visible • and governance has its commitment as building

credibility amongst the people. • Inclusion of disaster mitigation in recovery has

paid immensely in risk reduction. • It has helped in building institutions, policy,

programmes and many long term interventions and policy shifts

• Resource is a problem for recovery and dependence on the external resources

Year Event Recovery

1999 Orissa Cyclone , India ADB/World Bank/UN/& other agencies

2001 Gujarat EQ, India ADB/World Bank/UN/& other agencies

2004 Tsunami, India, SriLanka,Maldives ADB/World Bank/UN/& other agencies

2004 Floods, Bangladesh ADB/World Bank/UN/& other agencies

2005 Earthquake, Pakistan,India ADB/World Bank/UN/& other agencies

2007 Cyclone, bangladesh ADB/World Bank/UN/& other agencies

2008 Kosi Floods, India, Nepal ADB/World Bank/UN/& other agencies

2010 Floods, Pakistan ADB/World Bank/UN/& other agencies

The recovery is

• In south Asia, countries such as Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Pakistan, Sri lanka and which undertook post disaster recovery been also able to innovate , establish and strengthen DRR system

• On the other hand it has remained confined to the recovery project itself.

• Challenge is to have seamless integration with development

Bangladesh

• Incorporate DRR into all national policies, planning and programmes at all ministries and all levels. – Establish and sustain budgetary allocation and

dedicated funds on climate change adaptation (CCA),climate change mitigation (CCM) and DRR.

– Research and development in pilot appropriate approaches for DRR and CCA and scaling them up at national level.

– Encourage local actions and community based organizations to strengthen disaster risk reduction.

– Enact and Implement the National Disaster Management Act and National Disaster Management Plan.

– Enhancing regional, sub-regional and bi-lateral cooperation including early warning, dissemination, networking and sharing of good practices

• long term disaster recovery is a good entry point for making investment in mitigation for handling risk management in a more systematic manner.

• This is an investment in (re )building future better for ensuring sustainable development.

Pakistan

• Following the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan, the World Bank committed about US$1 billion to recovery and reconstruction efforts. Achievements include the provision of timely shelter support to 550,000 people and the reconstruction of more than 400,000 earthquake-resistant houses.

• Country has been able to set up NDMA, NDMC, Legislation on DRR, Community Based DRR programme

Sri Lanka:

• A significant share of the IDA support from the Tsunami Emergency Reconstruction Program I and II (US$75 million each), helped to reconstruct approximately 44,000 damaged houses, with over 100,000 families benefiting from livelihood cash grants, the first installment of which was paid within three months of the tsunami

Trans boundary recovery

• A few tran boundary disasters also took place ( Kosi Nepal floods, Pakistan India earthquake, Tsunami India-Srilanka Maldives

• No joint recovery designed or undertaken.

• No headway made in attempting trans boundary disaster recovery framework

• No initiative taken for developing institutional mechanism

Conclusion

• Disaster risk reduction disaster recovery should be taken as an opportunity for disaster risk reduction.

• Component of disaster long term disaster recovery programme should be classified into negotiable and non-negotiable instruction.

• This integration of CCA and sustainable development priorities in the light of increasing trend of disasters national and their recovery would be the need of the hour.

•

conclusion

• Important to develop regional mechanism which seamlessly be integrated into national priorities.

• The recovery framework should focus on addressing funding gap emerging out of disaster.

• The recovery framework should also be addressing inclusiveness as a guiding principle .

• Recovery should be equity based not infrastructure biased recovery

• Move from social and eco blind recovery to holistic recovery