SafeAut Omatic FlightBack and Land Ingof Aircraft · aerodays 2011. madrid, 31-03-2011 3 sofia wbs sofia project wp 0 management isdefe wp 1 operational issues dfs wp 2 system design

AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 1

At: AERODAYS 2011

Session 4A2

Date: 31/03/2011

By:

Juan Alberto Herrería ([email protected])

Tel: + 34 91 271 1747

SOFIA

Safe AutOmatic Flight Back andLandIng of Aircraft


SOFIA Overall Data

Budget: 4,997,984 €

Duration: 39 months

Start date: 1st September, 2006

Web Site: www.sofia.isdefe.es

SOFIA Consortium:


SOFIA WBSSOFIA Project

WP 0MANAGEMENT

ISDEFE

WP 1OPERATIONAL ISSUES

DFS

WP 2SYSTEM DESIGN

SIA

WP 4VALIDATION

GALILEO

WP 5DISSEMINATION & EXPLOITATION

ISDEFE

WP 3SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENTTHALES

WP 1.1FRF Environment

GALILEO

WP 1.2FRF Integration in

Airspace

DFS

WP 1.3

Regulatory IssuesDFS

WP 1.4

Certification Issues

ISDEFE

WP 2.1

FRF Functions Allocation

SIA

WP 2.2Safety Assessment

ISDEFE

WP 2.3FRF Functions Design

SIA

WP 2.4

Data Requirements

GALILEO

WP 3.1

Specification of the Test Bed

SKYSOFT

WP 3.2

Platforms Adaptation

THALES

WP 3.3

FRF FunctionsImplementation

THALES

WP 3.4Data SystemDevelopment

SIA

WP 3.5

Test Bed Integration

DFS

WP 4.1

Validation Plan

ISDEFE

WP 4.2

Validation Trials

GALILEO

WP 4.3

Evaluation ofResults

THALES

WP 5.1

Dissemination & Exploitation Plan

SKYSOFT

WP 5.2SOFIA Web Site

ISDEFE

WP 5.3Dissemination

Activities

ISDEFE


SOFIA’s Operational Concept

Enabling the automatic return to Enabling the automatic return to ground of an airplane in the ground of an airplane in the

event of event of onboard hostile onboard hostile actionsactions


SOFIA Core: the FRF (1/2)

The Flight Reconfiguration Function (FRF) is SOFIA´s core:• Disables the control and command of the aircraft from the cockpit

• Takes the control of the airplane under on-board security emergencies

• Manages to safely return the airplane to ground

PILOT

Actuators

Control Devices

FRF

COMM

FMS

FCS

FMS FCS

Actuators

Control Devices

FRF

COMM

FCS

FCSFMS


• The flight plan can be created according to three solutions:

1. By an Authority on Ground and

negotiated with the FRF system

(Flight Planning with negotiation)

2. Integrally by the FRF system

(Flight Planning without negotiation)

3. In a military airplane and

transmitted to the aircraft

(Military A/C Relay)

• The execution of the new flight plan

is autonomously performed by FRF

SOFIA Core: the FRF (2/2)

It means to create and execute, without any control from ground, a new flight plan towards a secure airport and landing the airplane at it


FRF Procedures


FRF Functions

Decision Centre Function (DCF)• Manages FRF capabilities and controls events

Health Monitoring System Interface (HMS)• Monitors for external systems failures critical to FRF

Route Planning and Static Flight Monitoring (RPL)• Generates a suitable flight path to a secure airfield

Guidance Management and Leg Management (GLM)• Performs flight guidance

Route Re-planning (RRP)• Performs re-routing due to a conflict

Dynamic Flight Monitoring (DFM)• Monitors aircraft performances and resolves conflicts

External Communication (COM)• Processes the information to be exchanged with the GSDS

Display Management (DSM)• Manages displays when FRF is active


Trajectory Generation by FRF

The Trajectory is generated by FRF considering:

• Destination airfield according to the threat

• Jeppessen data

• Weather, terrain, obstacles, restricted areas and PSA (Prohibited for Security Areas)

• Fuel

• Aircraft performances

FRF enables Trajectory updates due to:

• ATC messages (e.g. change in destination airfield)

• Weather

• Traffic

• Obstacles, PSA

AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 10

Validation Resources

FlightTrials

GroundSimulations

Preliminary Validation(Implementation)

Final Validation

FRF

IoA I-23 Aircraft

DAI DA-42 Aircraft

THA/AIRLAB

GAL ATENA

DFS ATC

DAI DA-42 Simulator

ATCOs

PILOTS

18 flights

4 flights

17 runs

200.000 FH

5 runs

AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 11

Procedures Validation (ATCOs)

• Overall Results related to the procedures :

– One unique procedure for SOFIA must be committed (ICAO)

– All three FRF procedures are workable by the ATCOswith safety within acceptable limits

– Minimum of 15 minutes for the negotiation phase

• Ranking of Solutions

– Solution flight replanning

without negotiation with D/L


with negotiation


without negotiation without D/L

AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 12

FRF Validation by Pilots

• 20 THAV pilots and experts attended the 14 different scenarios and provided feedback:

– FRF can use either public airways or specific waypoints

– To investigate FRF maintaining altitude until IAF, as for radio-loss procedures, instead of initiating descent as for regular flight

– To investigate FRF performing an emergency descent (power dive) to reach safety altitude as soon as possible instead of idle descent to optimize range

AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 13

FRF in the Flight Trials

• The FRF system was easily integrated on the A/C

• FRF automatisation can be used in an open, easy to adapt way to support the flight crew in case of repeatable flight operation

• Such functionality can be of big interest for smaller aircraft in case of problems like disorientation, bad weather, etc. But at least as emergency procedure

• EASA issued a “permit to fly” for the I-23

AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 14

Take Home Messages (I)

• SOFIA defined different procedures for managing aircraft in security emergency being controlled by FRF

• Safety and operation of these procedures were validated and approved by ATCOs

• SOFIA started the assessment of regulatory and certification frameworks for such systems

– Discussions with ICAO, EASA, EUROCONTROL, SESAR, National CAAs

• It is needed a ground authority and system (GSDS) at European level to:

– Take legal responsibility of decisions

– Generate and track the flight plan for the FRF aircraft

– Coordinate with national authorities, ANSP and airports

AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 15

Take Home Messages (II)

• SOFIA moves aviation security a step forward

• SOFIA opens the door towards the exploration of new application areas for FRF functionality– Safety

– Small general aviation aircraft

– Highly automated systems

– UAS

– Single crew operations

• SOFIA validated some FRF functions now available for aircraft operations in the future SESAR environment– 4D trajectory management

– Trajectory generation

AERODAYS 2011. Madrid, 31-03-2011 16

THANK YOU VERY MUCH

ANY QUESTION?

Documents

SafeAut Omatic FlightBack and Land Ingof Aircraft · aerodays 2011. madrid, 31-03-2011 3 sofia wbs sofia project wp 0 management isdefe wp 1 operational issues dfs wp 2 system design