SALIENT FEATURES OF THE WORKING DRAFT ON CORDILLERA REGIONAL
AUTONOMY HB 5595/SB 3315
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE WORKING DRAFT ON CORDILLERA REGIONAL
AUTONOMY HB 5595/SB 3315
nardz andananTHREE (3) PARTS
HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDREGIONAL AUTONOMY WORKING DRAFT
Pre- Spanish Period There were independent communities (ili),
tribes, highlanders and lowlanders living independently but engaged
actively in trade relations
b. Spanish Period
1521 Magellan landed in Mactan1500 - Spanish conquistadores were
aware of the difficulties of subduing the natives under colonial
control 1576 - first recorded resistance to encroachment/incursions
in the highlands of the Cordillera 1598 - Bangued occupied by
Spanish-Iluko forces1615 - baptism of 3,000 Tingguians led by
Miguel Domaoal1846 Abra created as a politico-militar province 1863
Bangued chosen as capital of Abra
* Despite eventual colonization, there was continued armed
confrontation and resistance/ disapproval of colonial policies
c. American Regime
1898 US paid Spain for 20M dollars in the Treaty of Paris1901
Aug. 19 - civil government formally established in Abra1905
February- Abra re-annexed to Ilocos Sur as a sub-province1917 March
9- re-established as a province by Act No. 2683 thru EO No. 23 by
Gov-Gen. Francis Burton Harrison * 1908 Aug. 18 Montaosa was
created
* While US Pres. William McKinley admonished the way the
highlanders were treated, they were still referred to as
tribal/natives* Armed confrontation continued unhalted due to mine
exploration activities physical dislocation, damage to resourcesd.
Japanese Occupation WWII - Pacific ware. Philippine Republic
1957- Commision on National Integration
1966- RA 4695 (Division Law) Mt. Province was divided into 4
regular provinces Benguet/ Ifugao/ Mt. Province/ Kalinga-Apayao = a
measure projected to facilitate development in the region but
actually meant to hamper Cordillera militancy due to the
introduction of big-ticket projects, i. e. Chico Dam
1972 - Martial Law was declared
1973- Cellophil Resource Corporation Timber and pulpwood License
Agreement No. 261 (99,430 has. + 99,230 has)
*Emergence of anti-government organizations/ movements. There
were organization members who went underground to include men of
the cloth.
1975- Presidential Assistance on National Minorities (PNAMIN) to
soften opposition (scholarship, etc.)
1978 Sept. 24- first inter-tribal peace ancestral land rights
issue was raised
* Cordillera concept/consciousness evolved
1986 - EDSA
1986 Sept. 13 - Sipat at Mt. Data Hotel between the late Pres.
Cory Aquino and Conrado Balweg (CPLA/CBA)
1987- ratification of the Phil. Constitution
*It contained a provision in Sec. 15, Art. X: There shall be
created autonomous regions in Muslim Mindanao and the
Cordilleras.
1987 July 15 Pres. CCAquino signed EO 220 creating a Cordillera
Administrative Region - Abra/ Benguet/ Ifugao/ Mt. Province and
Kalinga-Apayao
1987 Sept. AO 36 was issued establishing regional offices in
CAR
Province/CityCapitalPopulation(2010)[4]Area(km2)AbraBangued234,7333,975.6ApayaoKabugao112,6363,927.9BenguetLa
Trinidad403,9442,826.59IfugaoLagawe191,0782,517.8KalingaTabuk
City201,6133,119.7Mountain ProvinceBontoc154,1872,097.3Baguio
City318,67657.5
Population census of Cordillera
ARYearPop.%19901,146,19120001,365,412+19.1%20101,616,867+18.4%Source:
National Statistics Office[1]Purposes of CAR?
To administer the affairs of the regionTo accelerate economic
and social growth and developmentTo prepare for the establishment
of an autonomous Cordillera region
Regional bodies were created: CRACEBCBA - a commission
1990 Jan. 30 RA 6766 (Organic Act) rejected except in Ifugao1998
Mar 07 RA 8438 rejected except in Apayao (1995)Why again? There is
already a 1991 Local Government Code (RA 7160)? There is already
IPRA (RA 8371)?
2005 Sept. 30 Supreme Court said: It is hoped that Congress will
pass another Organic Act which is finally acceptable to the people
of the Cordilleras.Poverty remains dismal (peace); economic growth
unsustained Legal basis for the national government to give special
attentionPolicies, programs/ projects/ activities are of national
character and scope discriminatory to CARDevelopment initiatives/
national government response in CAR must be appropriate, equitable
and under peoples control Why again? There is already a 1991 Local
Government Code (RA 7160)? There is already IPRA (RA 8371)?
CAR is relatively and ruggedly mountainous requiring more
resources uniform application not favorable to CARRespect for
self-determination/ indigenous communitiesRespect for the right to
ancestral land/ ancestral domainRespect/recognition of indigenous
systems, culture, structure and preservation Preservation of our
identity Local autonomy (devolution) is different from regional
autonomy (additional powers granted by the Constitution)Basic
PrinciplesRegional Identity CAR to be established as a political
unit with legal personality and corporate powers to transact
business, determine/ formulate its own policies and pursue its
development programs and prioritiesPart of the Republic of the
Philippines not separatedExisting structure (LGUs/ Regional
Offices/ government agencies and instrumentalities shall continue
to exist and enjoy their powers and benefitsNon-diminution of
existing powers and benefits of NGAs/GOCCsNo termination (even
during reorganization); those paid by the national government will
continue to receive their salaries from their respective
agenciesCordilleran defined all citizens domiciled within the
areaSalient Features of the Working Draft on Cordillera
Autonomy
173 sections/ 17 articles
Artikulo I
Sakop/teritoryo - Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mt.
Province, Baguio City and Tabuk City (component city of Kalinga)
Dagiti laeng bumutos pabor iti Organic Act iti maaramid a plebisito
ti makapagkameng batay iti Sec. 18, Art. X ti Constitusyon
(pamunganayan linteg)dagiti madi, agsublida iti naggappuanda a
rehion (Sec. 163)
2. Tattao Cordilleran (Sec. 3)Artikulo II Pagibatayan a
Principio
Paset ti Pilipinas maysa/maibilang kas LGU (RA 7160)
2. Self-determination (bukod a panangimaton) (Sec. 5,
95)devolutionlocal autonomy konsultasyon iti kanito nga adda
proyekto/ programa a maiganwat (Sec. 9, c)
3. Gobierno national agtultulloy mangted ti Internal revenue
allotmentmangipaay tulong/ suporta (subsidy) Sec. 167
4. Gobierno lokal agtultuloy ken awan maksay iti turay ken
benepisio nga aw-awatenda iti agdamaArtikulo II Pagibatayan a
Principio
5. Ahensia ti gobierno national agtultuloy a mangipatungpal
kadagiti annongda addaanda latta iti presupuesto para kadagiti
programa/ proyekto da adda latta dagiti turay ken benepisio
(powers/ authorities) nga ituyang ti lintegAdda latta ken awatenda
ti sueldo da iti ahensia da
*Pagdumaanna: ti presupuesto (budget) da ket maitipon iti
regional government tapno maidagadag a maikanatad met laeng
Artikulo II Pagibatayan a Principio
6. Kultura/ kadawyan ken nainsigudan nga ugali, paglintegan,
kababalin no la ketdi saan a maikaniwas iti linteg, moralidad ken
polisia (Sec. 8, 9, 14
Mabigbig/masalwadanMapadur-asMaipatungpal/ mausar kadagiti lugar
a pakaipakatanna
7. Kinabaknang/ rekursos naturales (Sec. 9)
imatonan ti regional autonomous governmentMasurot met laeng ti
maikanatad a bingay (equitable sharing) kas idagadag ti linteg
probinsia, munisipio ken barangay (sec. 11)Mausar/mabungkar a
mangitag-ay ti kasasaad ti panagbiag ti sapasap ngem maliklikan ti
panangbusoArtikulo II Pagibatayan a Principio
8. Kinakurapay/awan trabaho mapadur-as ti ekonomya
9. Hustisya paris-paris a pannakataming; mabigbig ti kalintegan
ti tunggal maseknan
9. Edukasyon kalinteganMarespeto dagiti pagadalan ti gobierno
(kolehiyo/unibersidad) ken
9. Familya
10. Private sector/non-government organizationsArtikulo III Ti
Autonomous a rehion Cordillera
Buklen dagiti probinsia, siudad, municipio ken barangay a
masakopanna
Saan a maksayan wenno mapabassit ti agdama a bileg, akem ken
aw-awaten a benepisio dagiti gobierno lokal ken ahensia ti
gobierno; imbes, mapapigsada pay.
Ti Presidente ti Pilipinas ti mangwanawan iti rehion
(supervision)
Dagiti bileg ti autonomous a rehion ken dagiti saanna a
masakupan (Sec. 20, Art. X, Constition)
- pls. see Sec. 28, Working Draft
Jurisdiction on matters, to wit: Administrative
OrganizationCreation of sources of revenuesAncestral domain,
natural resources and EnvironmentPersonal, Family and property
relationsRegional urban and rural planning and developmentEconomic,
social and tourism developmentEducational policiesPreservation,
safeuarding and development of the cultural heritageSuch other
matters as may be authorized by law for the promotion of the
general welfare of the people of the region
Artikulo III - A Relasyon ti Region iti ahensia ti gobierno
(NGAs)
Saanda a mapukaw; saan a maksayan/ mapabassit ti bileg ken
benepisio/ sueldo da; imbes, mapapigsada pay.
Ti linteg ti serbisyo sibil ti mangsakop mainaig iti
pannakadutok, pannakaikkat, pannakai-demote, pannakaital-o, kdpy
dagiti opisyal ken empleado; dagiti Cordilleran ti maikkan
prioridad.
Ti Presidente ti Pilipinas ti mangwanawan iti rehion
(supervision) a bayabayen ti Regional Governor
Dumalan iti Career Executive Service Exam dagiti dutokan ti
presidente a Regional Director/ Assistant RD. Maarisit da manipud
iti tallo (3) nga irekomenda ti Regl. Governor.
Artikulo III - A Relasyon ti Region iti ahensia ti gobierno
(NGAs)
Ti pundo dagiti ahensia ti gobierno national ti maitipon iti
pundo ti rehion tapno maisierto ti panagsisinnurot da.
Dagiti korporasyon a kukua ti gobierno (GOCCs) ket agtultuloy a
mapataray babaen iti linteg a nangparnuay/nangipasdek
kadakuada.
Saan a sakupen ti autonomous regonal government ti GSIS, SSS,
Pag-ibig, kdpy a kaparisda nga ahensia.Artikulo III-B Relasyon ti
Region iti gobierno lokal (LGUs)
Saan a mapukaw; saan a maksayan/ mapabassit ti bileg ken
benepisio dagiti LGUs (prob/ siudad/ mun/ brgy)
Ti Presidente ti Pilipinas ti mangwanawan kadagiti LGUs
(supervision) a bayabayen ti Regional Governor
Saan a masagid ti IRA da
Isuda ti manggamulo iti maparnuay/ mapataod da a panguartaan/
buis babaen iti bukodda nga ordinansaAgbutos da latta kadagiti
opiyales da: congressman, gobernador, vice-governor, bokal, mayors,
vice-mayor, SB, kapitan, kagawad
Artikulo III-B Relasyon ti Region iti gobierno lokal (LGUs)
Bumingayda iti buis a maparnuay/ mapataod sipud pannakabungkar
ti kinabaknang iti masakupanda a lugar (national wealth). 40% ti
ibati ti gobierno national sipud bingayna.
Dagiti linas-od ti linteg a nangbuangay iti maysa a siduad
(chartered city) ket suroten ken ipatungpalna.
Mabalinda ti agtutulag ken agtitinnulong a mangiganwat iti
proyekto wenno programa no la ketdi ta maiyannatop iti linteg.
Artikulo IV DAGITI OPISYALES
Regional Governor- 25 y/o - 5 a tawenRegional Vice-Governor- 25
y/o- 5 a tawen- mabutosan at-large/ 3 years per term /3 terms
Kameng ti Regional Assembly- 25 y/o- 2 a tawen- mabutosan iti
kada distrito/siudad (2) / 3 years per term /3 terms
Maipawil ti panagkandidato ti maysa a kabagyan iti 4th degree
iti nasao a puesto
Sakupen ida ti linteg ti COMELEC, LGCode, etc.Maaddaan da iti
katulongan nga staff
NATIONAL GOVERNMENTREGIONAL
GOVERNMENTPROVINCESMUNICIPALITIESCITIESBARANGAYSLINE
AGENCIESGOVERNANCE/SUPERVISIONArtikulo V SANGAY EHEKUTIBO
Ti Regional Governor ti mangimaton, mangwanawan, mangipatungpal
kadagiti alagaden, akem ken pagrebbengan kas ituyang ti linteg
Maaddaan iti katulongan nga staff; regional offices ken
executive assistants (1 per province/chartered city) = ES,
Accountant, Treasurer, Administrator, General Services Officer,
etc.
Adda mabuangay a Regional Development Board a tumulong nga
agplano. Buklen dagiti gobernador ti probinsya, mayor ti siudad,
kdpy.
Secretariat ti National Economic and Development Authority
Artikulo VI BISE-GOBERNADOR TI REHION
Presiding Officer ti Assemblya
Artikulo VII ASEMBLYA LEHISLATIBO
Maysa kada distrito ti probinsia ken siudad nga addaan
charterPara panday linteg wenno ordinansa, polisia, kdpyMangadal/
Agaprobar ti presupuesto, resolusyonMaaddaan ti Sekretaryo ken
legislative staff
Artikulo VIII PATRIMONYA, EKONOMYA KEN PANAGDUR-AS
- ti panangpadur-as, panangangusar ken panangimaton kadagiti
rekursos naturales wenno kinabaknang ket imatonan ti gobierno ti
rehion imbes a ti gobierno national malaksid ti uranium, coal ken
petroleum
Artikulo X AGRIKULTURA, AGRARIAN REFORM, TRADE KEN INDUSTRYA,
TURISMO KEN KOOPERATIBA
Artikulo XI EDUKASYON, SIENSYA KEN TEKNOLOHIYA, LENGUAHE, ARTS,
KULTURA KEN SPORTS
Artikulo XII SOCIAL JUSTICE KEN PAGSAYAATAN
Artikulo XIV DADDUMA A PROBISYONArtikulo XV AMENDMENT KEN
REVISIONSArtikulo XVII - Panagepekto
Artikulo XIII KAPPIA, LINAK KEN TALNA
pakaseknan daytoy ti PNPti sarikedked ken depensa ti rehion ket
imatonan ti Armada Puersa ti PilipinasMaiparit ti sabali wenno
pribado nga armadoTi Regional Police Director no mabalin ket
Cordilleran a mapili manipud iti lima (5) nga inominar ken
irekomendar ti Gobernador
Artikulo XIII KAPPIA, LINAK KEN TALNA
pakaseknan daytoy ti PNPti sarikedked ken depensa ti rehion ket
imatonan ti Armada Puersa ti PilipinasMaiparit ti sabali wenno
pribado nga armadoTi Regional Police Director no mabalin ket
Cordilleran a mapili manipud iti lima (5) nga inominar ken
irekomendar ti Gobernador
Artikulo IX PAMATAUDAN TI PUNDO
Panggep pangpadur-as iti rehion ken pangpataray iti operasyon ti
gobiernoPaggapuannaBingay manipud iti buis a maur-or kas idagadag
ti OA sec. 103Bingay manipud kadagiti mapataodna sec.
104Presupuesto manipud iti gobierno national Sec. 106Donasyon wenno
tulong-suporta Sec. 108Bayad a buis manipud kadagiti GOCCs iti
laksid ti lugar ti principal nga address na sec. 105Bingay manipud
kadagiti collecting agencies 80% (regional Treasurer/ 50% to the
collecting agency) Sec. 107Artikulo IX PAMATAUDAN TI PUNDO
1% of the national internal revenue taxes80% for development
projects
40% Share of the National wealth Tax (mining, royalties,
environmental services, forestry and fishery charges, energy
production chargesFor preservation and further development of the
environment2% share out of the Economic Zones Tax (businesses)For
Trade and industry programs20% Share of Excess in Value Added
TaxFor cottage industry programsArtikulo IX PAMATAUDAN TI PUNDO
15% Share of Total Excise Tax on locally manufactured
Virginia-type cigarettesFor agriculture programs15 % share of
incremental excise tax on Burley and Native Tobacco Products For
agriculture programs 40% Share of Hydro-electric power tax (special
privilege tax on developersFor maintenance of watershed1% share of
net income of PAGCOR, PCSO For construction and maintenance of
school buildings, hospitals and related structures and services
Future impositionsArtikulo XVI PAMATAUDAN TI PUNDO
Subsidy Sec. 167
10 Billion first 5 years5 Billion next 5 years
20% Regional Government10% Provinces/City4% component city6%
Trust Fund
Barangays umawat ti saan a nababbaba ngem 1%Munisipio umawat ti
saan a nababbaba ngem 10%
Agyamanak unay
