&

Mimeographed Series No. 58

Civilian Life Under the

German Occupation,

if 1942-1944

l« 'ft

35

by

Vladimir D. Samarin

8 Research Program on the U.S.S.R.

New York City

1954

Mimftographcd Series No,58

s

CIVILIAN LIFE UNDER THE

GERMAN OCCUPATION,

1942-1944

by

Vladimir D« Samarin

RESEARCH PROGRAM ON THE U. C .S.R,

401 West 118th Street, New York 27, N.Y,

1954

Paoes: 90Price: $1.00

This memorandum is made available for the informationof interested scholars. It was. produced with thefinancial help of the Research "Program on the U.S.S.R.

j

(East European Fund.* Inc* ) The author is responsible|

for its contents. The material is distributed in pre-

|

- liminary form without critical editing by the ResearchProgram. Any inquiries about this manuscript or itsauthor should be directed to the Research Program*

Copyright 195^

by

Research Program on the U.S.S.R,(East European Fund, Inc.

)

401 West 118th StreetNew York 27, N.Y,

T$o part of this manuscript may be reproduced inany form without permission in writing from theResearch Pro&ram on the U;S.S.R, (East EuropeanFund, Inc.)} except by a reviewer who wishes toquote brief passages in connection with a reviewwrit^.m for a magazine, newspaper, or radio broad-

No. 58

Civilian Life Under the

German Occupation .

19^2-19^

fey

Vladimir D 6 Samarin

Mr* Samarin witnessed the German occupation

of Voronezh in July 194-2. When the Germans forci-

bly evacuated the civilian population of that city,

Mr. Samarin moved to German-occupied Oryol where he

joined the staff of the Russian-language newspaper

Rech 1 as a journalist. He left the U,S.S.R. in

19/44 as the Soviets moved westward.

Mr. Samarin bases his account on personal ob-

servations and on talks with such sources as members

of the local self-government bodies in the German-

occupied area, journalists, and officers and men of

the voluntary anti-Bolshevik Russian military units.

His report illustrates the dilemma confronting

Russians in the occupied areas who opposed the Bol-

shevik regime as well as the policy of the Germans,

but could evolve no third force strong enough to

serve as the vehicle for realizing their goals. This

dilemma was symbolized by a pitched battle which

took place between two armed Russian units, both de-

siring an independent Russia free of Bolshevik and

German control, but each having chosen opposite

temporary alliances as the method for attaining this

goal.

Many aspects of life in the occupied zone are

discussed in the report; the creation of spontaneous

ad hoc organizations to accomplish community objectives,

the~~Vlasov movement and other political currents, the

successive stages of anti-Bolshevik propaganda, and

the failures of German policy in the occupied zone.

W« 58

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N° 58 - 20

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rn: 58 - 27

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m 58 - 28

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m 58 -.29

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w 58 - 30

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58 - 31

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H" 58 - 32

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»° 58 . - 33

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¥ 58 - 3^

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M 58 - 36 -

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K 58 - 37 -

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58 - 55

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r 58 - 56 -

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58 - 57

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Hr 58 - 58

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F 58 - 75

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"0, pyccKan 3omjeh, tu y;rce 3a xojtmok". . .

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/ Available in English in Materials on the Soviet Petroleum Industry .

Research Studies Institute, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base,Alabama, July 1953.

* Those papers have been published by the Research Program in Englishin its STUDIES ON THE U.S.S.R. No. 3, Soviet £con,Qmic ?pjjfty_ l£Postwar Germanyj 184 pages;

r

i2'»25* Nos. 37 and 39 are still iwall-ablo in Russian in mimeographed form.

Note.—Authors' names are listed above only when they appear on theprinted manuscripts.