sap/abapAll Screen Shots

8/16/2019 sap/abapAll Screen Shots

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Tutorials on SAP-ABAP

Dictionary• Creating a Transparent Table• Creating a structure in ABAP Dictionary• Creating Search helps (Elementary and collective• Creating a secondary index• !or"ing #ith table maintenance generator• Creation o$ a %ogical Database• Creation o$ a &ie# cluster• 'o# level loc"ing o$ database tables• Creation o$ a table pool and pooled table

Reports• PD &ie#er• Convert internal table data into )T*% #ith out using unction *odules• Convert internal table data into )T*% using unction *odules• Adding custom context menu in classical list• Dynamic Selection Screen (Drop do#ns+ pushbuttons+ radio buttons+ icons• Creating Dynamic variant using table T&A'&• Display images (li"e company logo on the selection,screen• Custom Parameter,id Creation• Creating Dynamic Patterns• Scheduling a bac"ground -ob by triggering an event• Per$ormance Tuning using Parallel Cursor• Creating a Transaction &ariant• E,mailing the bac"ground -obs• ABAP Programming standards• ABAP Per$ormance Tuning Chec"list• .nderstanding S/% Trace• Changing the text 0Sales 1rder0 to 0Billing 'e2uest0 in the transactions &A34+&A35 and &A36• Creation o$ a #eb service in SAP• Calling a #eb service in ABAP that validates an email id• )andling $avorites in ABAP !or"bench• 7mplementing events in Table *aintenance• .sing Sorted table and 7ndex #hile processing internal tables• Displaying 8raphics using ABAP Program• The eatures o$ ABAPT* 9e# Editor , Part 5• The eatures o$ ABAPT* 9e# Editor , Part 4• !or"ing #ith *enu Painter• Dynamic &ariant in a report• Creating 4 helps #ith ease• 1b-ect oriented programming (11P explained #ith an example• Calling an ' C $unction module $rom one system to another• .pdating *aterial *aster long text (BAS7C DATA TE:T+ 79SPECT719 TE:T and79TE'9A% C1**E9T• System debugging , Explained in detail• *ESSA8E :::: 'A7S798 ::::; !hat is this


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• Di$$erences bet#een %S*! and BDC• ABAP Per$ormance Standards• Create = *odi$y = Delete records in any table $rom CS& $ile• Do#nload data $rom tables #ith user de$ined delimiters• Creation o$ a 9umber 'ange 1b-ect• Creation o$ a Dynamic 7nternal table• )' 7n$otype Creation• A real,time example on sending PD $ile as an email (Complete program• Developing a simple interactive report• Demo on 7nteractive reporting (1ne more example• Do#nloading $ile on to the application server• Creating a unction *odule• Creating a dynamic selection screen on a report• Displaying 6D 8raphs in ABAP• Creating a Tabstrip on the selection screen• Dynamic SE%ECT statement• Do#nloading report output into Excel using 1%E• .nderstanding ABAP .nit• .nderstanding 0Chec"point 8roup0• .nderstanding 0Coverage Analy>er0• TP $ile trans$er in Bac"ground• Converting an :*% $ile #ith many hierarchy levels to ABAP $ormat

Dialog Programming• Table Control using #i>ard• Splitter Controls and 8raphs• Text Edit Control .sage and Example• Displaying images on the screen• !or"ing #ith Screen Painter• Demo on Tabstrips

• !or"ing #ith Chec"box• Demo using Table Control• Display %ogo on Screen

BDC Programming• )o# to do BDC #ithout #riting BDC Program• Creating a simple database table using BDC• BDC recording $rom testing client to development client

Creation of Transparent Table

4; Enter the table name and press Create


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5; Enter the description, Delivery class and check on table maintenance allowed. Then click on thetab Fields.


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6; Enter the ZCHAR in ields tab and ZCHAR!DE in ield type tab.

?; Do"ble click on ZCHAR!DE. Then it will ask or #ave. $ress %&E#'.


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@; #ave it as a local ob(ect on pressin) *ocal ob(ect b"tton


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+. ow it will ask or the creation o the data element. $ress &es.

-. Click on the Field label tab and enter the len)ths and descriptions accordin)ly.


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. Then press De inition tab and enter the domain.


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/. Do"ble click on that 0char!d to create domain, then it will ask or save be ore )oin) ne1t screen.

$ress &es.

43; #ave it as a local ob(ect.


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22. ow it will ask or domain creation. $ress &es.


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23. 4ive short description or that domain which yo" are creatin). And mention the data type in datatype ield and len)th in no. characters ield an press E TER.


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25. Then press Ctrl6F5. 7t will ask or save be ore activation. #ave it as a local 8b(ect.


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4?; $ress Enter.

4@;Then the ollowin) screen appears. $ress on back b"tton.


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4 ; $ress Ctrl6F5. &o" will )et the ollowin) screen. $ress 9ack b"tton.

2-. &o" will )et the ollowin) screen.


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2 . Create one more ield Z :; and )ive data element name as Z :;!DE. And do"ble click on%Z :;!DE


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2/. #ave it by pressin) &es.

53; ow it will ask or the data element creation. $ress &es.


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32. 4ive short description o the data element. And )ive the len)ths and ield labels accordin)ly inField label tab.

33. $ress on De inition tab and )ive the domain name in Domain ield. Do"ble click on Z :;!D.


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56; 7t will ask or save. $ress &es.

3=. #ave it as a local 8b(ect.


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5@; ow it asks or Domain creation. $ress &es.

3+. 4ive short description in short te1t ield. Enter the data type and no. characters, $ress Enter.

Then $ress on Activate b"tton or $ress Ctrl6F5.


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3-. #ave this as a local ob(ect.


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3 . $ress enter.


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5 ; ow yo" will )et the ollowin) screen. $ress 9ack b"tton.


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52. $ress enter.


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65; $ress 9ack b"tton.


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55. ow we created two ields. And Data elements and Domain or these two ields.

ow we have to maintain the technical settin)s. $ress on Technical settin)s b"tton.


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5=. 4ive the data class and si0e cate)ory o the table as per the re>"irement.

And press the back b"tton.


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6@; ow activate the table by pressin) the activate b"tton or CTR*6F5.


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5+. $ress enter.

5-. ow yo" will )et the ollowin) screen.


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5/. ow enter the data in the ields and #ave it.


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?3; &o" will )et the ollowin) screen a ter clickin) the Reset 9"tton.


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=2. Enter the data or the second entry into the table.

=3. #ave it and press reset.


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=5. &o" will )et the ollowin) screen.


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==. A)ain enter the data or the third entry.

=?. $ress save, Reset @8ptional and 9ack b"tton.


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=+. ow yo" will )et the ollowin) screen.


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? ; To see the table contents )o to :tilities à Table contents à Display. 8r press Ctrl6#hi t6F2B.


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= . &o" will )et the ollowin) screen.


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=/. $ress on r"n b"tton or press F . ow it will display the table contents.


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ow en(oy by creatin) tables on yo"r own.

Creating a Structure in ABAP Dictionary

4o to transaction #E22 and select the radio b"tton Data type'. Enter a str"ct"re name startin) with & orZ.


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Then press #A E , CHEC and ACT7 ATE .

#tr"ct"re Created #"ccess "lly.

Creating Search Helps (Elementary and Secondary)9y ikram Chellappa, ;o"ri Tech #ol"tions

4o To #E22 T code.

#elect the radio b"tton o search help.

$rovide the search help name. #elect the create b"tton.


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#elect E*E;E TAR& search help.

$ress Enter.

$rovide the short description, the selection method.

$rovide the ields.


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#ave it, Check 7t G Activate it.

Then e1ec"te it.

e can see the screen like this, and then press F= in this pa)e.


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Then press F= iew the o"tp"t like this.

This is the o"tp"t or elementary search help.

The Collective #earch Help is like this.


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4oto T Code #e22.

$rovide name. #elect collective search help b"tton.

$ress enter.

$rovide the al"es


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#elect incl"de search help.

Then provide search help name, which is already de ine by the same ields.

Then save it, activate it G e1ec"te it.


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$ress F= we can see the o"tp"t like this.

Di 9etween Elementary search helps G Collective search helps

2 Elementary search helps describe a search path. The elementary search help m"stde ine where the data o the hit list sho"ld be read rom @selection method , how the


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e1chan)e o val"es between the screen template and selection method is implemented@inter ace o the search help and how the online inp"t help sho"ld be de ined @onlinebehavior o the search help .

3 Collective search helps combine several elementary search helps. Collective searchhelp th"s can o er several alternative search paths.

5 An elementary search help de ines the standard low o an inp"t help.

= A collective search help combines several elementary search helps. The "ser can th"schoose one o several alternative search paths with collective search help.

? A collective search help comprises several elementary search helps. 7t combines allthe search paths that are meanin) "l or a ield.

+ 9oth elementary search helps and other search helps can be incl"ded in a collectivesearch help. 7 other collective search helps are contained in collective search help, theyare e1panded to the level o the elementary search helps when the inp"t help is called.

Creating a secondary inde

There are two types o inde1esI $rimary inde1 and secondary inde1. $rimary inde1 is a"tomaticallycreated "sin) the primary keys de ined.

#econdary inde1 co"ld be created as per the "ser re>"irement. This article disc"sses abo"tcreatin) a secondary inde1.

4o to transaction #E22.


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For o"r demo p"rpose, we have considered the table ZA:TH8R.

To know i there are any secondary inde1es available, click on 4oto à 7nde1es

Followin) pop"p appearsI


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#ave and activate.

ow yo" can observe the inde1 created above in the list nowI


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;a1im"m n"mber o secondary inde1es we can have are /.

How to make #E*ECT statement to make "se o any partic"lar secondary inde1K

Secondary Indexes

Consider the ollowin) e1ampleI#E*ECT L FR8; #$F*7 M!H7 T# 8RAC*E N7 DEO@P#$F*7P P#$F*7QBB2P N.......E D#E*ECT.

7n the above e1ample, BB2 is the secondary inde1 o the table #$F*7. 7tNs a well known act that the e icientway o retrievin) data rom the database tables is by "sin) secondary inde1es. ;any database vendors providethe optimi0er hints or the same. From #A$ v=.?, optimi0er hints can be provided by the M!H7 T#parameter. This is dependent on the database systems that s"pport optimi0er hints. The point to be noted hereis these optimi0er hints are not standardi0ed by the #S* standards. Each database vendor is ree to providethe optimi0er hints.ow to know which inde1 to "se or o"r tableI2. 4o to #E22 and there speci y the table name3. ow rom the men", )oto inde1es5. select the re>"ired inde1.

ow s"ppose that the identi ier BB2 represents a non "ni>"e secondary inde1 comprisin) o the col"mnsC7T&FR8; and C7T&T8. The inde1 name sho"ld be de ined asI

Utablename QU7nde1 7denti ierlike #$F*7QBB2 in the above e1ample.

The se>"ence o ields in the HERE condition is o no relevance in "sin) this optimi0ers inde1. 7 yo" speci y

hints incorrectly, A9A$ T; i)nores them b"t doesnNt ret"rn a synta1 error or r"ntime error.The code was written in RV5 =.+C.

Code

Consider the ollowin) e1ampleI

RE$8RT #"resh!test.

TA9*E#I sp li.

DATA I t!sp li *7 E sp li 8CC:R# B 7TH HEADER *7 E.

#E*ECT L FR8; sp li 7 T8 TA9*E t!sp li M!H7 T# 8RAC*E N7 DEO@P#$F*7P P#$F*7QBB2P N.

*88$ AT t!sp li. R7TE IV t!sp li.E D*88$.

!or"ing #ith Table $aintenance %enerator


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4o to #E22 and enter the Z table name or which the table maintenance )enerator has to be )enerated.Click on Chan)e.

Click on :tilities à Table ;aintenance 4enerator


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Enter the lo)ical database name as shown above .

7 we are "sin) *o)ical Database or HR p"rpose, we sho"ld check the check 9o1 7n o types @HR only .$ress CREATE 9"tton as shown above.

7t wo"ld prompt or packa)e name and workbench re>"est .


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8n pressin) #ave b"tton, ollowin) screen appears, promptin) or the details o the root node.

Click on create b"tton. Followin) screen appearsI


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ow enter the details o all the tables "nder *FA2 @as shown below .

Click on create 9"tton.


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Click on create 9"tton.

ow create a ode with hierarchically "nder *F92.


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#elect Transaction with parameters @$arameter transaction '


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Click on save.

ow yo" can create the table entries thro")h the transaction created above.

For o"r demo p"rposes, let "s provide search help or ;AT R and ER #.


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*et "s "se the standard search help available or ;AT R and ER #.


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The c"rrency and >"antity ields are a"tomatically maintained here.


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4o back to the main screen


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Here we can desi)n o"r own selection screen as per the re>"irements.


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Database pro)ram @with some incl"des are a"tomatically created "pon the creation o lo)ical databaseI

4o back to the main screen.

Here we can maintain te1ts or select options and parameters.


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avi)ate to the main screenI


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Here we can maintain doc"mentation or o"r created Z lo)ical database.


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Click on Display.


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Creation of a 'ie# cluster

9y T. .#wapna

View Cluster

A view cl"ster is the set o ob(ects, s"ch as views, reports or tables, which belon) to one b"siness"nction. The data can be arran)ed either hierarchically or non hierarchically in view cl"ster. A viewcl"ster transaction edits the comple1 cross table data in a view cl"ster. The transaction navi)ation bo1shows the comple1 b"siness ob(ect with its components or s"b ob(ects.

Example:

*et "s create a iew Cl"ster on ;aterial Details. The view cl"ster wo"ld incl"de three tables namely,;ARA, ;ARC and ;ARD. e need to create maintenance views or each o these tables.

Maintenance view for a!le M"#"

To create maintenance view or the table ;ARA ollow the proced"re below. 4o to transaction #E22.4ive a view name say Z;;! !;ARA and click on %Create


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9y de a"lt all the key ields wo"ld be added. e can add more ields by clickin) on the b"tton Tableields.

ow #ave and activate the view.

Maintenance view for a!le M"#C

Follow the same proced"re as above. 7n the Tab iew ields, )ive %#< in the col"mn %$< or the ields;A DT and ;AT R as shown in the screen shot belowI


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This is beca"se the ields ;A DT and ;AT R wo"ld be illed in the view or ;ARA and th"s they act ass"bsets and appear as header data when we create entries in view cl"ster.

Maintenance view for a!le M"#$

Follow the same proced"re as above. 7n the Tab iew ields, )ive %#< in the col"mn %$< or the ields;A DT, ;AT R and ER # as shown in the screen shot belowI

This is beca"se the ields ;A DT, ;AT R and ER # wo"ld be illed in the view or ;ARC and th"sthey act as s"bsets and appear as header data when we create entries in view cl"ster.

a!le Maintenance %enerator for &MM V M"#"

ow, or each view we need to create a table maintenance )enerator, which has to be done as ollowsI


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ote that the 8verview screen n"mbers wo"ld chan)e or each view. 7t wo"ld be %3< or the viewZ;;! !;ARC and it wo"ld be %5< or the view Z;;! !;ARD.

Creatin( view cluster

The pre re>"isites or creatin) the iew Cl"ster are now ready. 4o to transaction #E?= and select theb"tton %Edit iew Cl"ster


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An in ormation messa)e wo"ld pop "p sayin)

Contin"e by pressin) %Enter


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8n Clickin) the %8b(ect #tr"ct"re< the ollowin) screen appears. #elect the % ew Entries< b"tton to enterthe maintenance views created to orm a cl"ster.

Enter the val"es as shown belowI

The entries wo"ld be entered in a hierarchical manner. The short te1t is the description o the view. The%$redecess< col"mn speci ies the predecessor o that view. #o in this case, the predecessor oZ;;! !;ARA is Z;;! !;ARA itsel . The predecessor o Z;;! !;ARC is Z;;! !;ARA and thepredecessor o Z;;! !;ARD is Z;;! !;ARC. The %DE$< col"mn e1plains whether the entry is aHeader entry or a Dependent entry. 7t is %R< or the view Z;;! !;ARA, beca"se it is a header entry anddoes not depend on any other view. hereas, it is %#< or Z;;! !;ARC and Z;;! !;ARD, beca"seZ;;! !;ARC is dependent on Z;;! !;ARA and Z;;! !;ARD is dependent on Z;;! !;ARC.The col"mn %$8#< speci ies the se>"ence o the views. 7n the col"mn %#tart< select the radio b"ttona)ainst the entry or Z;;! !;ARA as it comes irst in the hierarchy.

A ter enterin) the above entries, press %Enter


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ow select each line and click on %Field dependence< b"tton. A pop "p appears sayin) %Fielddependencies s"ccess "lly )enerated


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The view cl"ster is now created s"ccess "lly.

)ote:

2. The view cl"ster can be created on the tables whose data has to be stored in a hierarchicalmanner.

3. 8ne has to check whether proper orei)n key relationships are maintained between the tablesappearin) in the cl"ster. #ometimes while )eneratin) the Field dependencies, errors may occ"r ithe orei)n keys are not maintained properly.

estin( the View Cluster

From the initial screen o the transaction %#E?=< )ive the view cl"ster name and click on %Test


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o# le el loc"ing of database table

9y #wetabh #h"kla, 7n osys Technolo)ies

ormally i a person opens table maintenance )enerator and tries to maintain the table, no one else canmaintain the same table at the same time. This is beca"se o table level lock by de a"lt in #A$. 8nly one "sercan maintain any table at a time thro")h #;5B or any transaction that calls table maintenance )enerator. 7n thet"torial below we will see how to remove table level lock and apply row level lock. This way any n"mber o"sers can modi y the table at same time. 9"t any partic"lar row can be modi ied by only one "ser at a time. ewill create a transaction or this p"rpose. The transaction will call o"r c"stom report. This c"stom report will callthe table maintenance )enerator o the table a ter deletin) table level lock.

7n c"rrent e1ample let


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e will make sin)le screen maintenance or this table. #ave it. #o inally we have table maintenancecode a"tomatically )enerated in "nction )ro"p ZTE#T!#H: #5.

5. Create lock ob(ect E&T##!E=55#H in #E22. 4ive it name as EZTE#T!#H: #5.


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ow save and activate the *ock ob(ect. #A$ creates two "nction mod"les correspondin) to lock ob(ector en>"e"e and de>"e"e o the table.

=. ow create a report ZRE$!#H: #5 and transaction code ZTE#T!#H: #5 to call this report. Thistcode will call table maintenance )enerator o table ZTE#T!#H: #5 .


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?. ormally i a person opens table maintenance )enerator and tries to maintain the table, no one elsecan maintain table at the same time. This is beca"se o table level lock by de a"lt in #A$. 8nly one"ser can maintain any table at a time. 7n report ZRE$!#H: #5 we will delete the table level lock andp"t row level lock so that m"ltiple "sers can maintain table at same time. Rows locked by one "serwill not be editable by other "ser. Check the report and comments )iven below.

LG LLG Report ZRE$!#H: #5LGLGLG A"thor I #wetabh #h"klaLG Date I B?V33V3BB/LG Description I To delete table level lock rom table.LG LRE$8RT 0rep!sh"ks5.

LL#election ran)e or view maintenanceDATAI 9E47 8F selekttab 8CC:R# 2. P#elektionsbereich 7 C*:DE #TR:CT:RE vimsellist.DATAI E D 8F selekttab,

LLTable o inactive C:A "nctions or view maintenance9E47 8F e1cl!c"a! "nct 8CC:R# 2. Pinaktive C:A Fkt bei iew $ le)e 7 C*:DE #TR:CT:RE vime1cl "n.DATAI E D 8F e1cl!c"a! "nct.

DATAI lt!en>!del T&$E #TA DARD TA9*E 8F se>)5, lt!en>!read T&$E #TA DARD TA9*E 8F se>)-, lw!en>!read T&$E se>)-, lw!en>!del T&$E se>)5, lv!s"brc T&$E sy s"brc.

LRead all the lock details in systemCA** F: CT78 NE S:E!READ3N EO$8RT7 4 )client W sy mandt )name W N N )"name W NLN TA9*E# en> W lt!en>!read.

L e will search entry or table level lock or o"r table*88$ AT lt!en>!read 7 T8 lw!en>!read HERE )name ES NR#TA9*EN A D )ar) C# NZTE#T!#H: #5N.

;8 E C8RRE#$8 D7 4 lw!en>!read T8 lw!en>!del. A$$E D lw!en>!del T8 lt!en>!del.E D*88$.

LDelete table level lock entry or o"r tableCA** F: CT78 NE S:E!DE*ETEN EO$8RT7 4 check!"pd!re>"ests W 2 7;$8RT7 4 s"brc W lv!s"brc


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TA9*E# en> W lt!en>!del.

L ow call the table maintenace )enerator.CA** F: CT78 N 7E !;A7 TE A CE!CA**N EO$8RT7 4 action W N:N view!name W NZTE#T!#H: #5N show!selection!pop"p W NON TA9*E# dba!sellist W selekttab e1cl!c"a! "nct W e1cl!c"a! "nct.

+. X"st one more chan)e in table maintenance screen. ow open table maintenance "nction)ro"p@ZTE#T!#H: #5 in #E B. e know or table maintenance #A$ a"tomatically creates code inthe "nction )ro"p. ow we will make some modi ication in that e1istin) code to chan)e the behavior.8pen the screen yo" created thro")h table maintenance and add one mod"le.

8pen the screen BBB2 and add one mod"le in $98 o the screen as shown in i)"re below.


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Check the code below to be added in the mod"le m!chan)e!lockin).

;8D:*E m!chan)e!lockin) 8:T$:T.LCall the "nction mod"le correspondin) to the lock ob(ect we created CA** F: CT78 NE S:E:E!EZTE#T!#H: #5N EO$8RT7 4 matnr W 0test!sh"ks5 matnr werks W 0test!sh"ks5 werks EOCE$T78 # orei)n!lock W 2 system! ail"re W 3 8THER# W 5. 7F sy s"brc E B.L row is locked..hence )ray.. *88$ AT #CREE . screen inp"t W B. ;8D7F& #CREE . E D*88$. E D7F.E D;8D:*E. P m!chan)e!lockin) 8:T$:T

-. ow we are ready or testin). Call the transaction once and make some entries in table. 7n belowscreenshot 7 have entered some random val"es. #ince we have not maintained any check tables etc,so val"es may be invalid. That can be taken care in real scenario.


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#ave data.

*et


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#o the entry opens in chan)e mode.

ow open a second session o the transaction and see. ow the same material and plant combinationcan not be chan)ed by any other "ser or session.

Session 2

8pen transaction ZTE#T!#H: #5


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#o we can see that o"r transaction is able to achieve a row level lockin) and has removed table levellockin).

Creation of a table pool and pool table

9y iran "mar andakatla, 7ntelli)ro"p

7n this T"torial, we create a Table pool irst and then createV @add a table to Table pool a $ooled Table.

#tep 2I

4o to transaction #E22. 4o to :tilities à 8ther Dictionary 8b(ects


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#tep 3I

#elect Radio b"tton Table poolVCl"ster 4ive table $ool ameI ZT9*!$88*.

Then press F? or choose Create.

#tep 5I

Then #elect Radio b"tton Table $ool. $ress Enter.


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#tep =I

Then yo" )o to maintain $oll #creen there )ive #hort Description.

#tep ?I

Then )o to Technical settin)s.


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#tep +I

7n the ;aintain technical #ettin)s' screen $rovide #i0e cate)ory.

#ave and activate the table $ool. 4o back to #E22.

#tep -I


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4o to #E22 A9A$ DictionaryI 7nitial #creen.

Create a Z table.

#tep I

;aintain Delivery and ;aintenance attrib"tes or the Z table.


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Add ields to the Z table.

;aintain Technical settin)s and Enhancement Cate)ory.

#tep /I

Then 4o to E1tras à Chan)e table cate)ory


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#tep 2BI

Choose Table type.

7n o"r E1ample it is $ooled table.

#tep 22I

4o back to Delivery and ;aintenance tab and provide $oolVCl"ster val"e.


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e have s"ccess "lly created Table pool and $ooled table.

PD* 'ie#er

9y #ai "mar 9, Ente)

This $ro)ram helps yo" to view any o"tp"t in $DF viewer as shown below. 7t


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INITIALIZATION.LS_#ONTROL_PARAM-'ETOTF + , ,.LS_#ONTROL_PARAM-NO_DIALO' + , ,.

START-OF-SELE#TION.

#ALL F"N#TION , B#DWB SF//////01, E PORTIN'* AR#$IVE_INDE +* AR#$IVE_INDE _TAB +* AR#$IVE_PARAMETERS + #ONTROL_PARAMETERS + LS_#ONTROL_PARAM P_VBELN + P_VBELN* MAIL_APPL_OB( +* MAIL_RE#IPIENT +* MAIL_SENDER +* O"TP"T_OPTIONS +* "SER_SETTIN'S + , , IMPORTIN'

* DO#"MENT_O"TP"T_INFO + L_DO#"MENT_O"TP"T_INFO (OB_O"TP"T_INFO + L_(OB_O"TP"T_INFO* (OB_O"TP"T_OPTIONS + L_(OB_ O"TP"T_OPTIONS E #EPTIONS FORMATTIN'_ERROR + INTERNAL_ERROR + 2 SEND_ERROR + 0 "SER_#AN#ELED + 1 OT$ERS + % . IF SY-S"BR# ) /.* MESSA'E ID SY-MS'ID TYPE SY-MS'TY N"MBER SY-MS'NO* WIT$ SY-MS'V SY-MS'V2 SY-MS'V0 SY-MS'V1. ENDIF.

#ALL F"N#TION ,#ONVERT_OTF, E PORTIN' FORMAT + ,PDF, IMPORTIN' BIN_FILESIZE + PDF_FSIZE TABLES OTF + L_(OB_O"TP"T_INFO-OTFDATA LINES + LT_PDF E #EPTIONS ERR_MA _LINEWIDT$ + ERR_FORMAT + 2 ERR_#ONV_NOT_POSSIBLE + 0 OT$ERS + 1.

* o34ert p56 to 78tr93 8tr93 LOOP AT LT_PDF INTO LS_PDF. ASSI'N LS_PDF TO )FS_ #ASTIN'. #ON#ATENATE LV_#ONTENT )FS_ INTO LV_#ONTENT IN BYTE MODE. ENDLOOP.

#ALL S#REEN //.


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*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& Mo5;


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Con ert internal table data into HT$& format #ithout using *unction$odules

9y #"man "mar Chinnam

The o"tp"t o this T"torial is same as previous one b"t in this we are not "sin) any "nction mod"les toconvert internal table data to HT;* table.

*&----------------------------------------------------------------**& Report YTEST_TABLE_$TML*&

http://www.saptechnical.com/Tutorials/ABAP/HTML/usingFM.htmhttp://www.saptechnical.com/Tutorials/ABAP/HTML/usingFM.htm


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*&----------------------------------------------------------------*REPORT ?te8t_t>===< t>=35 F9et>


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APPEND t_@t


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TABLES 5>t>_t>= + t_@t < E #EPTIONS 69t @ + 2 ;9_re6;8e_69386er + 0 934>;t@or9t? + % ;3H3o 3_error + J @e>5er_3ot_>tor_3ot_>


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Con ert internal table data into HT$& format using *unction $odules

9y #"man "mar Chinnam

Followin) F"nction ;od"les are "sed to convert internal table data to HT;* Table.

2. !7TA9!T8!HT;*!HEADER# is "sed to pop"late col"mn headin)s.5; !7TA9!T8!HT;*!*A&8:T is "sed to pop"late col"mn cell properties. 6; !7TA9!T8!HT;* is "sed to convert internal table data to HT;*.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& Report YTEST_TABLE_$TML


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*&*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*REPORT ?te8t_t>=


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@e>5er + t_@e>5er.*-Pop;te #o=5er + >_@e>5er TABLES

@t < + t_@t < 69e5er 9t>=


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Adding custom conte t menu in classical list

*y +oy,it %hosh- *M ndia

*&---------------------------------------------------------------**& Report Z_#ONTE T_MEN"_DEMO*&*&---------------------------------------------------------------**& p;=t SAPTe @39 >=t9o3DATA: 9_4=>H TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF 4=>H INITIAL SIZE / 9_4=>p TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF 4=>p INITIAL SIZE /.* WorH>re> 5e r>t9o3DATA: _4=>H TYPE 4=>H _4=>p TYPE 4=>p.START-OF-SELE#TION.

* Set ;8to 8t>t;8 SET PF-STAT"S ,BASI#,.* Fet @ @e>5er 5>t> SELE#T * FROM 4=>H INTO TABLE 9_4=>H "P TO %/ ROWS. IF 8?-8;=r + /.* Fet @ t> SELE#T * FROM 4=>p INTO TABLE 9_4=>p FOR ALL ENTRIES IN 9_4=>p W$ERE 4=ep-4=e89 H INTO _4=>H. FORMAT #OLOR #OL_$EADIN'. WRITE : / _4=>H-4=eH-er5>t 0% _4=>H-er et %% _4=>H-er3> . $IDE: _4=>H-4=e


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WINDOW STARTIN' AT 2/ 2/ ENDIN' AT 2/ /. END#ASE.*&---------------------------------------------------------------**& For o3_ t e3;_re ;e8t*&---------------------------------------------------------------** #re>t9o3 o6 ;8to o3te7t e3;- It 98 >


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From this method @D7#$ATCH it calls the ro"tine 8 !CT;E :!RES:E#T which is de ined in o"rpro)ram.


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$etail list:

Dynamic Selection Screen (Drop do#ns+ pushbuttons+ radio buttons+icons)

9y #warna #, Tata Cons"ltancy #ervices

Followin) is the code in which the selection screen chan)es based on the "serNs click on the radio b"ttons. Theentire selection screen is chan)ed. The F b"tton is disabled and selection screen p"sh b"tton which chan)esdynamically based on radio b"tton and does the "nctionality o the F b"tton.

*&----------------------------------------------------------------**& Report Z_88 r ** P;=t SAPTe @39 >= e /C t>= e 85t>= e @rt>= e.*DE#LARATIONS FOR SELE#TION S#REEN STAT"SDATA 9t_; o TYPE TABLE OF 8?-; o .***********SELE#TION-S#REENS**********************SELE#TION-S#REEN BE'IN OF BLO#! =


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SELE#TION-S#REEN #OMMENT 2 JC te7t_// .*DYNAMI# LIST BO BASED ON "SER SELE#TIONSPARAMETERS o3e AS LISTBO VISIBLE LEN'T$ 2/ MODIF ID o5.PARAMETERS t o AS LISTBO VISIBLE LEN'T$ 2/ MODIF ID r>5.PARAMETERS t@ree AS LISTBO VISIBLE LEN'T$ 2/ MODIF ID >5.SELE#TION-S#REEN END OF BLO#! =


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8 ree3-> t94e + /. 8 ree3-598p?_05 + ,/,. MODIFY S#REEN. ENDIF. ENDLOOP. ENDIF.*#LI#! OF T$IRD RADIO IF p + , ,. 88 r69e3 Re8o;r e8,. WRITE 9 o3_3e _e p t94e + /. 8 ree3-598p?_05 + ,/,. MODIFY S#REEN. ENDIF. IF 8 ree3- ro;p + ,MOD,. 8 ree3-93te38969e5 + ,/,. 8 ree3-> t94e + /.

8 ree3-598p?_05 + ,/,. MODIFY S#REEN. ENDIF. IF 8 ree3- ro;p + ,#AD,. 8 ree3-93te38969e5 + , ,. 8 ree3-> t94e + . 8 ree3-598p?_05 + , ,. MODIFY S#REEN. ENDIF. ENDLOOP. ENDIF.*#"STOMISIN' T$E TOOLBARS OF T$E SELE#TION S#REEN*WIT$ F B"TTON DISABLED APPEND : ,PRIN, TO 9t_; o ,SPOS, TO 9t_; o ,ONLI, TO 9t_; o . #ALL F"N#TION ,RS_SET_SELS#REEN_STAT"S, E PORTIN' p_8t>t;8 + 8?-p6He? TABLES p_e7


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85t>===. PERFORM 61_4>


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OT$ERS + 2. IF 8?-8;=r ) /. MESSA'E ID 8?- 8 95 TYPE 8?- 8 t? N"MBER 8?- 8 3o WIT$ 8?- 8 4 8?- 8 42 8?- 8 40 8?- 8 41. ENDIF.ENDFORM. 61_4>=== e.*pop;p to 598p? te@ 8e=35


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*#o3t93;e =;tto3 98


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8n click o the 9"tton in the Application toolbar, here %#ales and Distrib"tion


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Dynamic 'ariant using the table T'A '

9y Xoy(it 4hosh, 79; 7ndia

*et "s say or the )iven selection screen we need to create a dynamic variant.

0tep 4. First maintain a variable with val"es in table T AR . This can be done rom transaction #T AR .*ater this variable needs to be assi)ned to the variant.

0tep 5. e1t create the dynamic variant by pressin) the #A E b"tton on the selection screen.

7n the ne1t screen @A9A$I #ave as ariant enter ariant name, description, set the %#election variable<@* radio b"tton and press %#election variable< p"sh b"tton.


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7n the ne1t screen check that )reen tra ic li)ht is on "nder col"mn T @TI Table variable rom T AR .

Then click on the b"tton.

ow rom the pop"p select the variable name created in #tep2 and save the variant.


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7t will pop"late %Airline< select option with the val"es maintained in T AR table a)ainst variableZA7R*7 E!C8DE.

Display images (li"e company logo) on the selection,screen

*y %aura! *aner,i- Cap(emini ndia

4o to #; B and or "ploadin) the ima)e.


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#elect 9inary Data

#elect the Find 9"tton

$ress

$ress the Create b"tton

Enter name and description

#elect the ima)e to "pload


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Assi)n a packa)e @m"st

$ress #ave and 8


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rite the ollowin) report

CodeI

REPORT =_pro /J.* START OF DO NOT #$AN'E***********************************DATA: 5o H93 TYPE REF TO 93er p9 t;re_ o3tror> -ret_ o5e o3te3t_t?pe LI!E 0p>r> - o3t_t?pe o3te3t_r> - o3t_t> LI!E 0 9 e O##"RS / p9 _89 e TYPE 9.* END OF DO NOT #$AN'E*************************************DATA : 8; 1C 3; 1C 3; 2 1C.PARAMETERS: p_5; ? 1C DEFA"LT ,1, .PARAMETERS: p_5; ? 1C DEFA"LT ,%, .AT SELE#TION-S#REEN O"TP"T. PERFORM 8@o _p9 .START-OF-SELE#TION.*&-------------------------------------------------------------------*& For 8@o _p9*&-------------------------------------------------------------------FORM 8@o _p9 . DATA: rep95 LI!E 8?-rep95. rep95 + 8?-rep95. #REATE OB(E#T p9 t;re_ o3tro


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4iven below is the desired o"tp"t

Custom Parameter,id Creation

9y Abhi(it Daptary, Cap)emini 7ndia

0tep4 I Creation o parameter 7D.

$arameter 7D can be created in the table T$ARA. X"st enter the name o the parameter id in thetable and that parameter 7D will be created.


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7t will ask or the te1t o the parameter 7d. Enter the te1t o the parameter 7D and click on the 0aveb"tton.

Enter the $acka)e and the transport n"mber.

The parameter id can be seen in the table P"#" .


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#tep3I :sin) the parameter 7d that yo" have created.

ow )o to the 0E44 transaction or creatin) a data element and enter the parameter id at theurther Characteristics tab at the parameter 7d section.

Activate the data element and "se it with the pro)ram. 7t will act the same )ood as a standard one.

Create Dynamic Patterns

9y Xoy(it 4hosh, 79; 7ndia

0tep4 . Create a pattern with only one line that contains 7898E .


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$"t this above e1pression and press save b"tton.

0tep5. ow rom C;8D create a pro(ect and incl"de enhancement #E:EDBB2 in it.


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ow insert the ollowin) code block in the incl"de pro)ram and activate it.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& I3 :,. APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er. _=;66er + ,*& Mo5; t:,. APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er. _=;66er + ,*& F;3 t. Spe . Re6. :,. APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er. _=;66er + ,*& De4e3?C:,. APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er.

_=;66er + ,*& #re>te D>te :,. APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er. _=;66er + ,*& Pro r> T?pe :,. APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er. _=;66er + ,*& ProQe t P@>8e :,. APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er. _=;66er + ,*& De8 r9pt9o3 :,. APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er. _=;66er +,*********************************************************************,.


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APPEND _=;66er TO =;66er. W$EN OT$ERS.* Do 3ot@93END#ASE.

*astly activate the pro(ect

Scheduling bac"ground -obs by triggering e ents


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Step1 : Create event from transaction SM62.

Give event name and description and press save button

Step2 : Create a program that triggers this event by calling the FM ‘ BP_ ! "T_RAIS # .

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


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*& Report Z_TRI''ER_EVENT **& **&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& **& **&---------------------------------------------------------------------*REPORT Z_TRI''ER_EVENT .#ALL F"N#TION ,BP_EVENT_RAISE, E PORTIN' e4e3t95 + ,Z_TRI''ER_(OB,

E #EPTIONS BAD_EVENTID + EVENTID_DOES_NOT_E IST + 2 EVENTID_MISSIN' + 0 RAISE_FAILED + 1 OT$ERS + % .IF 8?-8;=r ) /. Wr9te: ,E4e3t 6>9


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#n the popup screen press $ After event” button and give the event name and then press save button.


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ow )o back to the initial screen and press 0tep; b"tton

$rovide pro)ram and variant name and a ter providin) all the val"es press save b"tton.


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7n the initial screen press save b"tton.


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0tep< I ow e1ec"te the pro)ram to tri))er the event and as well check the back)ro"nd (ob.


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R"n transaction #;5-

Check the stat"s o (ob de ined above


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FROM


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Enter the transaction code ;;B2. ow click on b"tton CREATE.

Followin) in ormation messa)e wo"ld appearI

Click Enter to proceed.

ow the ;;B2 transaction wo"ld appear.


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Click on E1it and #ave'.

Followin) pop"p wo"ld appearI

Click Enter to proceed. Followin) screen wo"ld appearI


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#ave yo"r entries and )o back to the main screen.

ow enter the transaction variant name and click on Chan)e b"tton as shown belowI

ow click on 7nsert Row.

Enter the name o the screen variant created earlier or "se F= help to select the val"eI


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ow click on 4oto à Create ariant Transaction

Enter the val"es as shown above. Click on Enter. The ollowin) #E/5 transaction wo"ld appearI


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The name o the Transaction ariant is a"tomatically proposed. #ave yo"r entries.

ow )o to Transaction Z;;B2 and check yo"r transaction variantI

&o" can observe that the ield 7nd"stry sector and ;aterial type de a"lt to the val"e we have )iven earlierand are o"tp"t enabled only.

E,$ailing the bac"ground -obs

*y /arini


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This t"torial deals abo"t the proced"re in a"tomatic e mailin) o the back)ro"nd (obs. The o"tp"t o theback)ro"nd (ob is sent to the recipient as an email.

Consider the ollowin) simple pro)ramI

'EP1'T >bac"ground test;

!'7TEF Ghello SAPTechnical;com teamG;

e wo"ld sched"le the above pro)ram as a back)ro"nd (ob and send the o"tp"t o the same as anemail.

4o to Transaction #;5+.

Enter the (ob name.

$ress Enter. Followin) pop"p screen appearsI


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Enter yo"r pro)ram name as shown above and click on #A E.

Click on 9ack b"tton to navi)ate to the main screen.


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Click on the b"tton #pool list recipient' as shown above.

Enter the name o the recipient to which the o"tp"t to be sent.

ow come back to the main screen and click on #tart Condition'.

#elect 7mmediate and click on save.


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#ave yo"r (ob. 8nly a ter yo" save, the (ob wo"ld be set to stat"s Released.

&o" can )o to transaction #;5- to monitor the back)ro"nd (ob.

ow )o to #A$ inbo1 @transaction #9 $V#8B2 to check the stat"s o the back)ro"nd (obI

7n the above screenshot, yo" can observe an email related to the (ob we created earlier. 8pen theattachment to see the o"tp"t o the back)ro"nd (obI


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ABAP Programming . /aming Standards

9y #"priya Xoshi

Followin) are the per ormance standards need to be ollowin) in writin) A9A$ pro)ramsI

or all "*"P Pro(rams > ransaction Codes

"dd the !elow header at the !e(innin( of Every "*"P pro(ram ************************************************************************* OB(E#T ID :* PRO'RAM TITLE :* MOD"LE :* PRO'RAM TYPE :* INP"T :

* O"TP"T :* #REATED BY :* #REATION DATE :*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* DES#RIPTION :***************************************************************************


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* Mo5969 >t9o3 @98tor?:*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* DATE "8er ID TS Ver Tr>38port Re ;e8t De8 r9pt9o3*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*************************************************************************

Naming conventions to be followed :

Other Objects


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%pplication area corresponds to the application area you are &or ing li e

' ( 'asis C ( C) F( F# * ( +M

S , S- S%M M , MM Supply

ABAP Performance Standards

9y Aveek 4hose, 79; 7ndia

$escription #esult ?@-) or )>"A Comments

R"n E1tended synta1 checks with character literals checkbo1switched on G Code 7nspector to recti y all relevant errors and

warnin) @e.). :se the res"lts o the above checks to remove allvariablesVconstants etc that are declared b"t are not "sed

Transaction #E5B @A9A$ R"ntime Analysis m"st be checked to


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meas"reVcompare pro)ram per ormanceVr"ntime i pro)ram hasm"ltiple ine icient databases selects or complicated internal table

operations:se transaction #TB? @#S* Trace to see what indices yo"r

database accesses are "sin). Check these indices a)ainst yo"rwhere' cla"se to ass"re they are si)ni icant. Check other indices

or this table and where yo" have to chan)e yo"r where' cla"se to"se it. Create new indices i necessary, b"t do not or)et to checkthe impact by cons"ltin) onsite coordinator.

T&$E @data element command is "sed while declarin) the ieldswhenever easible instead o *7 E. Remember not always the data

element name matches with the table ield name

7nternal Table is de ined with T&$E #TA DARD TA9*E 8F' Gork Areas is "sed instead o header lines

4lobal variables are minimi0ed by declarin) local variables or bypassin) variables thro")h parameters G ar)"ments while creatin)

internal s"bro"tine@s

7n #E*ECT statement, only the re>"ired ields are selected in the

same order as they reside on the database tableVstr"ct"reVview

For selectin) sin)le row rom a database table, #E*ECT :$ to 2Rows' is "sed. #elect #in)le' is "sed only when "ll primary key

combination is known

o #E*ECT L is "sed :se #E*ECT 7 T8 TA9*E' rather than #E*ECT 7 T8

C8RRE#$8 D7 4 F7E*D# 8F TA9*E'

Always speci y as many primary keys as possible in HEREcla"se to make the #elect e icient

Always select into an internal table, e1cept when the table will bevery lar)e @i.e., when the internal table will be )reater than ?BB,BBBrecords . :se :p to Rows' when the n"mber o records needed

is known

#elect statement within a 4ET event is not "sed ild cards like %AM< is avoided as m"ch as possible

ested #elect is not "sed instead 7nner Xoin' andVor For allEntries' is "sed. For all Entries' is to be "sed over *oop at 7TA9 V#elect V E D*88$' @F8R A** E TR7E# retrieves a "ni>"e res"lt

set so ens"re yo" retrieve the "ll key rom the database

hen creatin) (oins over database tables there sho"ld be an inde1at least on the inner table or the ields in the (oin condition else

"se F8R A** E TR7E#' select statement

:sa)e o X87 is limited to a ma1im"m o 3 i.e. not more than 5database tables are (oined at one time

CHEC that the internal table "sed in F8R A** E TR7E# is 8Tempty as this will retrieve all entries rom the table

Delete ad(acent d"plicate entries rom internal table be oreselection rom database table "sin) F8R A** E TR7E#'

statement

For copyin) internal tables "se %W< operator instead o *oopin) G Appendin)

#8RT inside a *88$ is not "sed #ort internal table by ields in the correct order, which are "sed in


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a READ TA9*E statement "sin) 97 AR& #EARCH. 7 the order osortin) is invalid the 97 AR& #EARCH will never work

For lar)e internal tables where only some rows are to beprocessed, "se #8RT and then the READ TA9*E command is"sed to set inde1 to irst relevant row be ore loopin) rom that

inde1. :se CHEC or 7FYEO7TYE D7F as appropriate to e1it

rom the loop

#ort ields and #ort 8rder on the #8RT statement sho"ld bementioned e1plicitly @e.). #8RT 7TA9 9& F*D2 F*D3

A#CE D7 4

Hashed table is "sed or processin) lar)e amo"nt o data@provided that yo" access sin)le records only, and all with a "lly

speci ied key

DE*ETE or #8RT is not "sed on a hashed table since it increasesmemory cons"mption

#orted table is "sed or ran)e accesses involvin) table key orinde1 accesses

Fields speci ied in the HERE condition with the critical operators

8T and U @ne)ative #S* statements cannot be "sed or asearch "sin) database inde1es. henever possible orm"late #S*statements positively

hen codin) 7F or CA#E, testin) conditions are nested so that themost re>"ently tr"e conditions are processed irst. Also CA#E is

"sed instead o 7F when testin) m"ltiple ields e>"al to' somethin)

*88$ AT 7TA9 7 T8 8R AREA HERE W %OOO< sho"ld be"sed instead o *88$ AT 7TA9 7 T8 8R AREA V CHEC

7TA9 W %OOO


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• *ock data to be edited• Read c"rrent data rom the database

• $rocess data and write it to the database

• Release the locks set at the be)innin)Try to avoid lo)ical databases. 7 yo"r pro)ram "ses a lo)icaldatabase, b"t does not re>"ire all ields belon)in) to a certain

4ET event, always "se the F7E*D# addition to red"ce the amo"nto data selected by the lo)ical database

Avoid the a))re)ate @Co"nt, ;a1, ;in "nctions in the databaseselection

:se $arallel C"rsor methods or nested loop into the internaltables i second internal table contains considerable n"mber o

records

7n #mart ormV #apscript do not make red"ndant data retrievalwhere data is available in inter ace

0nderstanding S1& Trace

9y Aveek 4hose, 79; 7ndia

Performing an S ! "race:

4; %ccess transaction S/01. From the initial screen clic the chec bo3 for S45 traceunder the trace re uests clic "race on#

2. 7un the program containing the S45 uery that needs to be analy8ed in the S9" editor.6; Come bac to S"$% screen under /race re uests clic "race off . ?; Click =ist trace to view the trace o the c"rrent statement.

Screen shot of the initial S"$% screen


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After clic&ing list trace


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'asic !ist "race


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The basic list trace shows the se>"ence o database operations that are takin) place while a >"ery isprocessed, it incl"des prepare, etch, open, reopen, e1ec"te. 7n addition the basic list trace also )ives thed"ration e1ec"tion or each o the operations with color le)end.

Summari(ing the basic trace list )menu path: *oto + Summar,-

A basic trace list can be s"mmari0ed to see the s"mmation o e1ec"tion times o similar databaseoperations. :se men" pathI 4oto à #"mmary. The above screen shot depicts the s"mmed "p e1ec"tion

time. The s"mmary option lists the s"mmed "p e1ec"tion time o all the >"eries that the #S* trace hascapt"red at its r"ntime, b"t the identi ication o a partic"lar >"ery can be done "sin) the P $ B Process $which is displayed as the irst col"mn o the above screen shot. For e1ample, D6 is the process 7D orone o the #S* statements.

Summar, of a particular trace


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To )et the total e1ec"tion time, speci ically or a partic"lar #S* #tatement, select all the P $correspondin) to it and click s"mmari0e in the application toolbar. This leads to a compressed data o#S* trace as above.

.olor legends indicating the processes in a trace 1

:se the men" pathI 4oto #how color le)end to know abo"t the color speci ication in the trace.

Color legends indicating the processes in a trace 2


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The above screen shot indicates that the >"ery e1ec"tion time has e1ceeded its threshold with the linkpink color. A chan)e in ob(ect name is indicated with the chan)e in color to yellow. These colors therebyindicate whether the >"ery is well written and also the c"rrent stat"s o the database server.

Extended list

@From basic trace listI click e1tended list b"tton in application toolbar to view the e1tended list . Thee1tended list shows the c"rsor id declared or the #S* statement, the connection type also .

Cursors: A c"rsor is a handle or name or an area in memory in which a parsed statement and otherin ormation or processin) the statement are kept s"ch an area is also called a private #S* area.

Altho")h most 8racle "sers rely on the a"tomatic c"rsor handlin) o the 8racle "tilities, the pro)rammaticinter aces o er application desi)ners more control over c"rsors. 7n application development, a c"rsor is a


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named reso"rce available to a pro)ram and can be "sed speci ically or the parsin) o #S* statementsembedded within the application.

Identical select statements

:se the men" pathI 4oto à 7dentical #elects to view a comprehensive list o identical select statementse1ec"ted d"rin) the trace and the n"mber o times they were e1ec"ted. 7dentical select statements are)ro"ped based on the where clause.

ote that identical select statements have similar execution plan "sed or their processin) therebysavin) time o e1ec"tion and provide increased per ormance, too.

Identical select statements displayed


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The above screen shot shows the list o identical select statements and the n"mber o time they )ote1ec"ted.

Database Operations Measured by SQL Trace

The #S* Trace analysis helps in meas"rin) the e1ec"tion time o the ollowin) data base operations that

are per ormed when e1ec"tin) an #S* statement.

4A $EC="#E: This operation declares a new c"rsor and assi)ns the #S* statement to that c"rsorcreated.

5A P#EP"#E: This operation converts the #S* statement into native #S* and rames o"t an e1ec"tionplan or that statement.

3A 1PE): This operation opens the declared c"rsor and passes the parameters or database access.


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7n ;en" bar 4o to #ystem #tat"s

Do"ble click on the #creen n"mber 2B2


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Do"ble click on ;8D:*E C:A!#ETZE

Do"ble Click on $ERF8R; C:A!#ETZE .


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#croll down "p to the line 2=3?. Here we need to create an Enhancement.


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Ri)ht Click on the pa)e 4o to Enhancement 7mplementation Create

The below screen will appear ;ark the check bo1

Click on create enhancement 7mplementation @F


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Enter the Enhancement 7mplementation, #hort te1t and Click on Create Composite 7mplementation.

The 9elow screen will appear


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Enter the name or Composite enhancement implementation and #hort Te1t.

Then Click on Creation o Enhancement @Enter


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Click on #ave and Assi)n it in correspondin) $acka)e.

9y scrollin) down select the already created Enhancement 7mplementation,

Click on contin"e.


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4o to #E B create a new 0pro)ram named 0title.

Click on &es.


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Enter the $ro)ram name and contin"e.

Enter the Title o the created pro)ram and Assi)n Type as ;od"le $ool.

Click on #ave.


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#ave it in $acka)e.

Ri)ht Click on 0title Create 4:7 Titles

Enter the Title Code And Title.


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Click on Trans er or @Enter

Create another Title code.

Assi)n the Title code and title.


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Repeat the above same proced"re.

Ri)ht Click on Ztitle and Click on Activate.


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The created 4:7 title will display "nder 4:7 Title.


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Type #A$; =?A in $ro)ram 4o to #"bro"tines.

#croll down in C:A!#ETZE .


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The 9elow screen will display.

Type the 9elow Code

IF 8?-t o5e + ,VA/ ,.


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SET TITLEBAR ,Z/ , OF PRO'RAM ,ZTITLE, WIT$ )TFS .ELSEIF 8?-t o5e + ,VA/2,. SET TITLEBAR ,Z/2, OF PRO'RAM ,ZTITLE, WIT$ )TFS .ELSEIF 8?-t o5e + ,VA/0,. SET TITLEBAR ,Z/0, OF PRO'RAM ,ZTITLE, WIT$ )TFS .ENDIF.

Click on save and Click on activate Enhancements @Ctrl6F5


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4o to $ro)ram and Click on 4enerate.


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ow yo" can )o and view the transaction screen.

4o to AB2.

4o to AB3.

4o to AB5.


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Creation of a #eb ser ice in SAP

9y Ra)hava akada, ;o"ri Tech #ol"tions

7n this #cenario, 7 wo"ld like to e1plain abo"t creatin) a eb #ervice with a simple scenario.'

Creatin) a eb #ervice

7n the "nction library @#E5- , display the "nction mod"le.

8pen the "nction ;od"le I ME_GET_CURRENT_USER_ID

Choose Utilities More Utilities Creating a Web Service From Function Module


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7n the ollowin) screen, enter the re>"ired data and select the checkbo1 Name Ma!!ing . 7 the checkbo1 NameMa!!ing is ticked, the wi0ard accepts the e1istin) names or the end point.

Choose Continue .

7n the ollowin) screen, enter the re>"ired data and select the checkbo1 Release Service "or runtime .


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#ave as local ob(ect.

Testin) a eb #ervice.

Prerequisites

8pen the transaction #AD;7 .

#elect the eb service de inition yo" have created "nder S#$% $!!lication "or RFC&Com!liant FMs

#elect and e1pand the Z E9!4ET!C:RRE T!:#ER' and select the eb #ervice as shown inscreen.


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&o" have entered the address o the application server on which the X3EE En)ine is r"nnin) intransaction #AD;7 "nder Goto $dministration Settings .

Check the X3EE #erver and check in yo"r server.

C'oose Web Service (ome!age )E*ecute +utton ,


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#elect the Doc"ment #tyle' "nder #tyle de inition in #D*.

The !eb service re2uires authentication;

Enter the "ser and password


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Click on the Test'.

#elect the 8perations'.


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Fill in val"es or the method parameters "nderneath the headin) Re-uest i" re-uired . Choose Send

The re>"ired val"es are displayed "nder the Res!onse headin). The eb service has not been testeds"ccess "lly.


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E #EPTIONS >r ; e3t_3ot_6o;35 + p t94e + 2 93ter3>9te + 2. #ALL MET$OD @ttp_ t9o3_6>9te + 2 @ttp_pro e8893 _6>99< >55re88,. ENDIF.

8"tp"tI

Handling fa orites in ABAP !or"bench

*y 0unitha


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This doc"ment details the proced"re in handlin) the avorites in the A9A$ orkbench. 7 wo"ld alwayswant to add my re>"ently "sed ob(ects in the avorites. For o"r learnin) p"rpose, let "s add the packa)e# D$!DE;8!T:T8R7A*# @Demo t"torials or eb Dynpro A9A$ to the avorite list.

4o to Transaction #E B and select $acka)e' rom the list bo1. Enter the packa)e name# D$!DE;8!T:T8R7A*# as shown belowI

ow open the list bo1 Favorites' and click on AddI

The ollowin) messa)e appearsI

ow veri y the same by openin) the avoritesI


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ow click on Environment ;odi ication Events

Followin) screen is displayed.


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Click on the b"tton in the Editor col"mn and enter the ollowin) codeI @$lease note that yo" sho"ld also

code F8R; and E DF8R; as well .

#ave and activate the table.

estin( the scenario I

4o to #;5B and try creatin) new entries. Do not enter the val"es or Created on' and Created by'.


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Check yo"r entries in the database table. &o" can observe that the date and "ser name are a"tomaticallyilled in. #ee the screenshot belowI

0sing Sorted table and 9nde #hile processing 9nternal tables

*y 0uresh Fumar Parvathaneni

There wo"ld have been many instances where we wo"ld have to process lar)e entries in an internal tablewith a HERE condition. This article is intended to demonstrate the comparison between three di erentmethods in handlin) this sit"ation.

irst Method I The normal method "sed by most o "s. #tandard internal table processin) "sin) HEREcondition

0econd Method I #ame as above, b"t here we wo"ld be "sin) the #orted table

hird Method I #orted table and "sin) the 7nde1

Followin) is the demo pro)ram ill"stratin) the above three methodsI

REPORT ZINTERNAL_TABLE_OPERATIONS.* Pro r> to 6935 t@e =e8t et@o5 93 re>593 t@e 93ter3>< t>=r P>r4>t@>3e39* T?pe 5e r>t9o3TYPES: BE'IN OF TY_MARA MATNR LI!E MARA-MATNR MTART LI!E MARA-MTART END OF TY_MARA.* I3ter3>< t>=t9o3DATA: T_MARA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TY_MARA T_MARA TYPE SORTED TABLE OF TY_MARA WIT$ NON-"NI "E !EY MTART.* V>r9>=t9o3DATA: W_#O"NTER TYPE I W_R"NTIME TYPE I W_R"NTIME2 TYPE I W_TABI LI!E SY-TABI .

* T>=re> 5e6939t9o3DATA: WA_MARA TYPE TY_MARA.SELE#T MATNR M>ter9>< N; =er MTART M>ter9>< T?pe FROM MARA INTO TABLE T_MARA.T_MARA G + T_MARA G.* #ASE : Pro e8893 93ter3>< t>=


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LOOP AT T_MARA INTO WA_MARA W$ERE MTART E ,F$MI,. ADD TO W_#O"NTER.ENDLOOP.'ET R"N TIME FIELD W_R"NTIME2.* #>< ;te R;3t9 eW_R"NTIME2 + W_R"NTIME2 - W_R"NTIME .WRITE W_R"NTIME2.#LEAR W_#O"NTER.* #ASE 2: "893 > Sorte5 t>=< ;te R;3t9 eW_R"NTIME2 + W_R"NTIME2 - W_R"NTIME .WRITE W_R"NTIME2.#LEAR W_#O"NTER.* #ASE 0: "893 INDE o3 > 8orte5 t>=< ;te R;3t9 eW_R"NTIME2 + W_R"NTIME2 - W_R"NTIME .WRITE W_R"NTIME2.

Followin) is the analysis report in microseconds, as per the data vol"meI

#ecords I 32,5/B

teration)o

2sin( )ormal =11P 9G/E#E

2sin( 0orted ta!le =11P9 G/E#E

2sin( )$E on 0ortedta!le

2 /- - 223 5/ -/ 2B5 5/ -- 2B= 5= B /? =3 5- 2B

#ecords I 253,+/5

teration)o

2sin( )ormal =11P 9G/E#E

2sin( 0orted ta!le =11P9 G/E#E

2sin( )$E on 0ortedta!le

2 5=35/ 5?--= 5?+-3 5=3-2 5 3?B 5?/3


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5 5==/3 5+?5= 5??== 5=2/ 5?+/? 5? =

#orted table mi)ht have )iven a better per ormance here i the ield in the HERE condition is the irstield in the internal table. However, rom the above statistics, we can say that method 5 is better than theother 3 methods. 7n prod"ction environment, the data wo"ld be h")e and the per ormance co"ld be m"ch

improved with this simple techni>"e.

Displaying %raphics using an ABAP Program


7 wo"ld like to e1plain abo"t a simple report pro)ram to display )raphics. The #A$ 4raphics can be "sedor vario"s b"siness p"rposes'.

7n this article 7 am e1plainin) abo"t a simple #ales analysis on a yearly basis.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& Report Z'RAP$_TEST*&*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*REPORT Z'RAP$_TEST.DATA: BE'IN OF TAB O##"RS % #LASS %C TYPE # VAL 2C TYPE I VAL2 2C TYPE I VAL0 2C TYPE I END OF TAB.DATA: BE'IN OF OPTTAB O##"RS # 2/C END OF OPTTAB.

MOVE: ,6>3, TO TAB-#LASS 2 TO TAB-VAL TO TAB-VAL2 % TO TAB-VAL0.APPEND TAB.#LEAR TAB.MOVE: , oo


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DIM + ,Ye>r8, TITL + ,S>


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• Click or chan)es to e ect.

eatures in "*"P M )ew Editor

irst =ooJ:

iew o the new A9A$ T; Editor @ rom #E5 I

$isplay eatures

Followin) are some o the eat"res that co"ld be observed while writin) the codeI


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=ine )um!ers

As observed in the above screenshot, the new A9A$ T; editor displays the line n"mbers or easy navi)ationthro")h the code.

Chan(ed line indicators

The chan)ed lines in the c"rrent session are marked with .

These indicators wo"ld vanish once yo" come o"t o the pro)ram.

*ooJmarJs

9ookmarks allow in navi)atin) and code editin). There are / n"mbered bookmarks provided by #A$ and"nlimited "nn"mbered bookmarks. 9ookmarks co"ld be accessed by the ri)ht click o the mo"se in the7ndicator ;ar)in @The complete le t portion o the A9A$ T; editor .

To set a bookmark, ri)ht click on the 7ndicative ;ar)in, click on 9ookmarks 9ookmark B @9ookmarks aren"mbered B to / . A 9l"e la) with the bookmark n"mber wo"ld appear on the 7ndicative ;ar)in.

To navi)ate to any bookmark marked earlier, ri)ht click on the 7ndicative ;ar)in, 4o to 9ookmark 9ookmark B.

Code /ints

Code hints appear as yo" type in A9A$ T; editor. For e1ample, i yo" start typin) or $arameters, ollowin)occ"rsI

• hen typed $, nothin) appears.• hen typed $A, code hint $AC appears.


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• hen typed $AR, code hint $ARA;ETER# appears.

$ress TA9 to choose the )iven code hint.

Chan(in( the ont and Colors of codin( environment

Click on , available at the ri)ht side bottom o the editor. Click on Fonts and Colors' on the le t side o thewindow that is appeared a ter clickin). From here, we can set di erent colors and onts or di erent elementson the editor.

Gindow 0plitter

The window splitter allows yo" to work on di erent parts o the code sim"ltaneo"sly.

The window co"ld be set to splitter mode by do"ble clickin) the splitter line above thevertical scrollbar @shown below .

The split screen is seen as belowI


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Also visit Feat"res o A9A$ ew Editor $art 3

The *eatures of ABAP /e# Editor Part 7

9y #"resh "mar $arvathaneni

GorJin( with Colors and onts I

#witch to the new editor @i the de a"lt editor shown is the old editor .

7n the ew A9A$ editor, click on the b"tton options' available at the bottom o the ri)ht hand side, asshown in the below screen shotI


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Followin) pop "p appearsI

ow select Fonts and Colors' available on the le t side.


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:sin) this, yo" can desi)n how the screen sho"ld look like, For e1ample, yo" can dictate how thecomments sho"ld appear @like Font, si0e, ore)ro"nd color and back)ro"nd color . *et "s take the samecomments' section or o"r scenario here.

Comments are c"rrently displayed as shown belowI

ow click on the options b"tton and select Fonts and Colors'. #elect Comments' rom the list bo1I


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ow chan)e the way yo" wo"ld like the options to appear in this sectionI

#ave and check how the way comments appear now.


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Above screenshot is or D8'. e wo"ld "se this or o"r demo p"rpose to better "nderstand the codetemplate.

rite some sample code in yo"r editor.

ow select yo"r pro)ram code and click the ri)ht b"tton o the mo"se. #elect Format #"rro"nd bytemplate Do @ @as shown in the ollowin) screenshot


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ow observe yo"r codeI

&o"r code is now s"rro"nded by the code template D8'.

Creatin( custom code template I

ow we wo"ld work on creatin) o"r own code template or o"r "t"re "se.

As observed in the earlier screenshots, there is no code template available or s"bro"tine. *et "s create acode template or the same.


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#elect yo"r code and click on ri)ht b"tton. #elect Format E1tract template

Enter the name or yo"r code template.

Click on 8 .


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ow we need to de ine the position where the selected te1t @s"rro"nded te1t to appear.

Click on the empty line between orm' and end orm' and click on 7nsert ta)'

#elect #"rro"nded Te1t rom the )iven options.


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#ave and e1it.

To test o"r code template, write a sample code in o"r pro)ram.

Ri)ht click and select o"r code template.


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8"r code template is displayed as belowI

ow ("st enter the orm name to complete yo"r s"bro"tine de inition.

0ettin( *reaJHpoints I

8pen the new A9A$ editor and write some sample code in it.


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Activate yo"r pro)ram.

To set the break point, click on indicator mar)in, available on the le t side o the line n"mbers. @#ee thescreenshot below I

9reak point in set now.

!or"ing #ith $enu Painter


For theoretical concepts on ;en" $ainter, please visit 0"P.help.com

Create a program in S9" /( Code.

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/d1/801d0f454211d189710000e8322d00/frameset.htmhttp://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/d1/801d0f454211d189710000e8322d00/frameset.htm


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9nter the /itle of the +rogram %nd Select the /ype as 93ecutable +rogram.

%nd clic on save. Save it in a 7elevant +ac age.

Go to /(code S9;<

9nter the +rogram name and Status name.


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Clic on create

9nter the Short te3t for Status.


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Clic on Menu 'ar.

Specify a Menu =ame file

-ouble clic on File.


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9nter the Code and te3t >alues.

Clic on save chec and %ctivate.

+ress 93ecute or F .


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Clic on Continue and 9nter.

Created Menu is displayed here.


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"o create a "itle/ .lic& on "itle !ist#

Clic on create.

9nter the /itle Code and /itle. Clic on continue.


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Created /itle -isplayed.

Clic on Save.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**& Report ZMEN"_PAINTER*&*&---------------------------------------------------------------------**&*&*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*REPORT ZMEN"_PAINTER.TABLES: MARA.DATA: MATNR TYPE MARA-MATNR ERSDA TYPE MARA-ERSDA ERNAM TYPE MARA-ERNAM DISPLAY TYPE # SAVE TYPE # DELETE TYPE # #LEAR TYPE # E IT TYPE # O!_#ODE LI!E SY-"#OMM.#ALL S#REEN / .*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


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*& Mo5;


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9nter M%7% in the /able Fieldname /e3t 'o3 /hen clic on Get From -ictionary.


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Select the re uire fields and clic on continue.

#nsert these bo3es on the screen.


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Create re uire chec bo3 from toolbo3.

Give the re uired =ame /e3t and Function Code =ame .

Clic on Save Chec and %ctivate.


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Output:

9nter the Material number and +ress -isplay.

Clic on -isplay.


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>alues are displayed as sho&n belo&.

Similarly ?ou Can >ie& Clear %nd 93it.

Clear , #t &ill clear all the displayed contents.


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93it ( #t &ill return to code..

*e can @se the same operation in Function Aeys.

F? ClearF+ DisplayF- E1it.


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#tep 2I 4o to transaction #E5 to speci y the $ro)ram name and select % ariant< radio b"tton and%Display


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#tep 5I 7n this step, provide s"itable meanin) or the variant. As we need to de ine selection variable or%Date created< item on selection screen, check the bo1 "nder * as shown in the selection screen belowI


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#tep =I 7n the previo"s step, select %#election ariables< on the men". 7t leads to the ne1t screen as

shown below. As we have decided to create selection variable or %Date created< item only, in this screenyo" )et to see the variable as %Date created


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Creating *6 helps in ease

9y 4a"rab 9aner(i

4o to #E+2 and create a )eneral te1t TO like the one shown below.

• #elect 4eneral Te1t rom Doc"ment Class• #elect *an)"a)e• Type ame and press create

Type in what yo" want to see in o"tp"t

:2 is or the *old ext yo" see in the headin) o the F2 Help. 7 yo" don


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D(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((D D D(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((

REPORT Z'B_TEST_SEAR#$_$ELP .

* INTERNAL TABLE FOR STORIN' NAMES IN SELE#TION LIST5>t>: =e 93 o6 t_9t>= o ;r8 / 3> e /C t?pe e35 o6 t_9t>=.*FIELDNAME AND TAB NAME FOR T$E SELE#TIONDATA :69e= LI!E 569e8 O##"RS / WIT$ $EADER LINE.*T$E TABLE FOR RET"RNIN' T$E NAME OF T$E SELE#TED ITEMDATA : ret;r3_t>= LI!E 558@ret4>< O##"RS / WIT$ $EADER LINE.*START T$E SELE#TION S#REEN BLO#!8er> eter8: p_3> e /C t?pe .8e== + t_9t>= FIELD_TAB + 69e=


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3b-ect oriented programming (33P) e plained #ith an e ample

9y 4a"rab 9aner(i

Create a class that keeps track o a bank acco"nt balance. Then write a pro)ram to "se this class.

Steps in'ol'ed I

• R"n the class b"ilder "tility @ 0E5< . • Create a class called ZACC8: T11, where 11 is the last two di)its o yo"r lo)on7D. • Declare a $R7 ATE attrib"te 9A*A CE o type D;9TR to store the acco"ntbalance. • Create the ollowin) $:9*7C methodsI

o #ET!9A*A CE @#ets the balance to a new val"e 7;$8RT7 4 E !9A*A CE T&$E D;9TR

o DE$8#7T @Adds a deposit amo"nt to the balance and ret"rns the newbalance

7;$8RT7 4 A;8: T T&$E D;9TR RET:R 7 4 E !9A*A CE T&$E D;9TR

o 7THDRA @#"btracts a deposit amo"nt rom the balance and ret"rnsthe new balance.

7;$8RT7 4 A;8: T T&$E D;9TR RET:R 7 4 E !9A*A CE T&$E D;9TR EOCE$T78 # 7 #:FF7C7E T!F: D#

• Activate all elements o yo"r class. • rite a pro)ram called Z!:#E!ACC8: T!11, where 11 is the last two di)its oyo"r lo)on 7D. This pro)ram sho"ld do the ollowin)I

o 7nstantiate an instance o the Acco"nt class. o #et the acco"nt balance to some initial val"e. o *a"e several deposits and #ithdra#als+ printing the ne#balance each time; Do not allo# the balance to become lessthan >ero; (.se the exception to detect this;


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• Test and deb") yo"r pro)ram.

KExtra CreditK: 7 yo" have e1tra time, try any o the ollowin)I

• Replace the #ET!9A*A CE method with a constr"ctor. $ass the openin) balance whenyo" instantiate the acco"nt ob(ect. • Create a static attrib"te and methods to set and )et the name o the bank that holds theacco"nts.

0tepH!yHstep approach with screenHshots

4o to #E3= @Class b"ilder

Type in ZACC8: TAA as the name o the class and press Create.

De ine 5 methods DE$8#7T, #ET!9A*A CE and 7THDRA .

$lace the mo"se c"rsor in DE$8#7T and hit the $arameters b"tton.


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rite the parameters imported V e1ported or DE$8#7T method.

#imilarly or #ET!9A*A CE

And 7THDRA

For withdraw we de ine an e1ception.

e can see the attrib"tes and methods by pressin) Display ob(ect list' b"tton on top.

ow we 7;$*E;E T the 5 methods. Do"ble click the method DE$8#7T.


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ow we are almost done creatin) the ob(ect. $ress CTR* 6 F5 to activate or hit the ;atchstick.

e will see this in the stat"s

ow we are done b"ildin) the )lobal class we can test it. $ress F .

Click #ET!9A*A CE. rite the E !9A*A CE and press E TER.

e come back to 7nitial #creen. ow click DE$8#7T.

e see the ret"rn al"es now.


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ow let


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4iven below is an e1ample code or "sin) the )lobal class we de ined.

RE$8RT Z49!88$#!9A .

DATAI acct2 type re to 0acco"ntaa.

DATAI bal type i.

create ob(ectI acct2.

selection screen be)in o block a.parametersI p!amnt type dmbtr, p!dpst type dmbtr, p!wdrw type dmbtr.selection screen end o block a.

start o selection.

call method acct2 set!balance@ p!amnt .writeIV N#et balance to N, p!amnt.

bal W acct2 deposit@ p!dpst .writeIV NDeposited N, p!dpst ,N b"cks makin) balance to N, bal.

bal W acct2 withdraw@ p!wdrw .writeIV N ithdrew N, p!wdrw ,N b"cks makin) balance to N, bal.

This is the o"tp"t.

Calling an *C function module from one system to another

9y 4a"rab 9aner(i

0ollo ing are the participant s,stem for our demo purpose :

-01 , System &here 7FC function module e3ists

-S" , Calling system Ian 7FC call is made from this system to -01J

Scenario :


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*e &ould develop a small 7FC function module in -01 system &hich &ould add t&o variables.*e &ould pass t&o variables from -S" to -01 and get bac the sum of those t&o variables bacto -S".

Activities to be performed in the s,stem $%

Go to S9"B.

@nder @tilities K Create Function Group Isay EG' F@=CJ if doesnHt e3ists.

=o& create a =e& Function Module EG' F@=C0<

@nder #M+)7/ /ab define the follo&ing variables

@nder 9L+)7/ /ab


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#n the Source Code

=o& set the function module as $7emote(enabled module in the attributes tab.


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Activities to be performed in the S,stem S3

Create an 7FC destination from -S" to -01.

Go to SM1N +ress Create.

9nter the 7FC -estination name: -01(201(/9S/

Connection /ype: "

#n -escription: /est Connection to -01

#n /he /echnical Settings /ab enter the system details

#n /he 5ogon Security /ab enter the logon details.

Clic on Save. % +opup &ill imply that connection has been created

=o& +ress the /9S/ C)==9C/#)= to chec the connection.


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/his means the connection to the remote system &as successful.

#f the connection fails &e get an error li e this

However establishin) a connection will not ens"re lo))in) on to the tar)et system. For that we have totest RE;8TE *848 .

$ress the RE;8TE *848 b"tton

7 we can see this

And this

Then o"r connection was s"ccess "l.

However i we see the screen as shown below then there is a

Documents

sap/abapAll Screen Shots