Sars Prevention

7/25/2019 Sars Prevention

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General Protective Measures ForPrevention Of SARS Infection

(Click on your screen to change slides)

Dr. Chandana Samaranayake MDClinical Specialist


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!hat !e "no# A$out SARS

% &iral infection ' a ne# utation ofcoronavirus is susected as the cause*

% A+ects all age grous, highest nu$erof deaths have $een aong eole#ith re-e.isting chronic conditions*

% Susected to have originated in

Guandong, China*% Causes atyical neuonia in infected

atients*


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!hat Is Atyical Pneuonia0

%1yical neuonia is a lung infection, #herethe alveoli in the a+ected area 2ll u #ithe.udates, $locking the o.ygen transfer* Chest3-ray sho#s a clearly dearcated shado#*

% In atyical neuonia, the tissue surroundingthe alveoli s#ells, collasing the alveoli,reducing the $lood suly to the area, ando$structing the o.ygen transfer* Chest 3-raysho#s a fu44y shado# #ithout clear$oundaries*


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1yicalPneuonia

AtyicalPneuonia

PneuoniaPneuonia


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Coronavirus Faily

% Cause ild to oderate resiratory illnesses such as coon

cold*% A$le to survive in dry air for u to / hours*

% Can $e killed $y e.osure to ultra-violet light, so they #ill notsurvive under sunlight*

% Mutate easily, and each utation triggers o+ an eideic of

resiratory disease*

% A ne# utation, #hich arose inGuangdong is susected ofcausing SARS*

%1he nae 7coronavirus8 refersto the rotein oleculessurrounding the virus, akingit look like a cro#n (n*7corona8lat 9 cro#n)*


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Methods Of 1ransission

% Most fre;uent ethod oftransission of coronavirus fro

erson to erson is drolettransission*

% If the sick erson coughs or snee4es,

the virus can $e carried in salivadrolets to eole near$y, infectingthe*


7/18oat in the air likedust*

% It is susected that the SARS virus can $e transitted in

this anner*ScheaticScheatic

vie# of avie# of a

crystalli4edcrystalli4ed

virusvirusarticlearticle


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Infectivity And &irulence

% Infectivity is the a$ility of a virus to @ufro one erson to another* 1he reciientust receive a dose large enough to causethe disease* Fro eideic reorts, itaears that SARS virus has lo# infectivity

(ie it re;uires a large dose to ass on to thereciient)* Other e$ers of the coronavirusfaily have very high infectivity*

% &irulence is the roerty of the virus tocause daage to the atients organs* 1heSARS virus is very virulent* Other e$ersof the coronavirus faily have lo# virulence*


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Incu$ation Period

% After the virus enters the $ody, it re;uires/-D days incu$ation eriod $efore thedisease aears*

% According to current data, infected eoledo not ass on the virus to others duringthe incu$ation eriod*

%1hey $ecoe infectious only #hen the 2rst

sytos aearE cough, snee4ing ' #hichsread drolets containing virus articles*


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Attenuation

% Attenuation is a henoenon seen in soee$ers of the coronavirus faily, #herethe virulence decreases #hen it @us froerson to erson*

%1he SARS virus sees e.hi$it thishenoenon (ho#ever, there are no

studies yet to rove this)*


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Sytos

% Cough, nasal congestion, snee4ing% igh fever (/BC or higher)

% Severe uscle and @oint ain

% Hiculty in $reathing ' siilar toastha

% Continuous locali4ed ain in the chest,

#hich increases #hen taking a $reath


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Risks at !orking Places

% Peole #ho visit hositals are under risk ofcontracting SARS, and ust takerecautions*

% In the event an eloyee is susected ofhaving contracted the disease, he=sheust ust take stes not to e.osecolleagues and custoers to risk*


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Custoer &isits

% Precautions ust $e taken #hen entering

all ICJ, MICJ, CCJ, SICJ and resiratorytheray units, regardless of #hether thehosital=unit is kno#n to have SARS cases*

% osital ust $e visited only #herea$solutely necessary, and seciali4edsafety rocedures in lace at the hosital

ust $e follo#ed*


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Precautions 1o 1ake !hen &isitingICJs

% Keave all ersonal $elongings, not relevant to the visit,in the oce*

% 1ake a LB6 or FFP-grade ask fro the oce*

% efore entering the unit, ut on the ask as er

instructions, and check for leakage*% After entering the unit, ask for a air of surgical gloves

$efore handling e;uient*

% Ho not lace $elongings, tools etc on the >oor or one.osed surfaces* Re;uest a aer to#el fro the sta+

to sread on the surface*% If you need to $ring e;uient=arts $ack to the oce,

have the sterili4ed according to hosital rocedure $ya e$er of the ICJ sta+*


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!hen Keaving 1he ICJN

% After e.iting the unit,reove the ask 2rst and

discard it, then reove thegloves*

% !ash hands thoroughly #ithchlorhe.idine scru$ solution*

% Ho not re-use a ask*

% Ho not touch a used ask#ithout #earing gloves*


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Safety In Pu$lic Places% So far, all recorded SARS cases have develoed the disease

only after having rolonged and close contact #ith a atient(eg* faily e$ers, doctors and nurses)*

% 1here are no recorded instances, #here the disease #astransitted via casual contact, traveling in u$lic transort etc*

% A erson can only ass on the infection after sytos aear*

% Only a very sall ercentage of the oulation have thedisease (eg BD out of 5 illion), and they are se;uestered*

% 1herefore, #earing asks in u$lic laces and transort #ill notgive any arecia$le rotective $ene2t*

% o#ever, if you susect that you have $ecoe infected #ithSARS, #earing a ask #hen traveling to the hosital is yourcivic resonsi$ility*


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Sars Prevention