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SAT CHEMISTRY TEST
Note: For all questions involving solutions and/or chemical equations, assume that the system is in pure water unless other-vrise stated.
fime: t hourPart A
Directions: Each set of lettered choices below refers to the numbered questions or statements immediately following it.Select tle one lettered choice tbat best answers each question or best fits each statement, and then fill in the .o"t"rpondiogoval on the answer sheet. A choice may be used once. more than once, or not at all in each set.
Questions 1-5
(A) Mg.andF.(B) Lf and Ne
(C) O'2- and O-
(D) N andl$-(E) Ca'- antl Cl
1. firese ions have the same number of electrons.
2. These ions differ in their number ofelectrons by one.
3. These ions differ in their number of eleetrons by three.
4. These ions differ in their number of electrons by eight.
5. These ions differ irr tJleir number of electrons by 11.
Questions 10-13 refer to the following phase diagram. The arrows
refer to phase changes as the temperature is changing while the': 'pressure remains constant.
H
€cd
IH
aao)ti
Questions 6-9
(A) Zinc
(B) Iron(C) Trn
(D) Aluminum(E) Ilydrogen
6. Is combined with copper to make brass.
7. Is combined with copper to make bronze.
8. Is used to galvanize metals, making them resistant to oxidation
(rustine).
9. Is combined with carbon to make steel.
10. The set oftemperature and pressure c,onditions where all three
states of matter can exist in equilibrium.
11. The point beyond which pressure alone cnnnot liquefy the gas.
12. lhe process known as sublirnation. .
13. The set oftemperature and pressure conditions that represents
an equilibrium between the liquid aad gas or vapor phase only-
temperature ("C)
Questions 14-17
(A) AI{;(B) Atl,,*
(c) AFl"""
(D) 411""",.
(E) AG'
14. CFHrr,u) + 4Or,r, - 5COz,., + 6HrO,.,
15. H?O(,, - HrO,*,
16. ]F^r,,, + 1/2 Or,-, - H2O,,,
17. Equals zero fot an element in its standard state
TEST-Continued
This tlpe ofgraph would result ifyou graphed
18. Pressure versus volume for a sample of an ideal gas at constant
temperature
19. Volume versus temperature for a sample of an ideal gas at
constant pressure
20. Kinetic energy versus temperature for a given substance
21. Mass versus volume for a given substance
Questions 22-25 refer to the following laboratory procedures:
(A) Distillation(B) Chromatography
(C) Fractionalcrvstallization(D) Filtration(E) Titration
22. Techaique utilized to separate a precipitate from a filtrate using
a porous substance
Technique utilized to separate a mixture ofliquids based on
diflerences in their boiling points
Technique utilized to determine the unknown concentration ofa
known acid
Technique utilized to separate a mixture ofdissolved solids by
evaporation according to individual solubilities
SAT CHEMISTRY
24.
25
SAT CHEMISTRY TEST
PLEASE GO TO THE SPECIAL SECTiON OFYOURANSWER SHEET I.ABELED CHEMISTRYANDANSWER QUESTIONS
101_115 ACCORDING TO THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS:
Part B
Directions: Each question below consists of two statements, statement I in the left-hand column and statement II in the
right-hand column. For each question, determine whether statement I is true or false and whether statement II is true or
false and fill in the correspondingT or F ovals on your answer sheet. Fill in oval CE only ifstatement II is a correct explana-
tion of statement I.
RETURN TO THE MAIN SECTION OF YOIIR ANSWER SHEET AND ANSWER
QUESTTONS 26-70.
Statement I BECAUSE Staiement ll
101The alkali metals have a large increase between
their first and second ionization energies.BECAUSE
It takes more energy to remove an electron from a prin-
cipal energy level since it is closer to the nucleus.
ro2.Metals have higher electronegatiwity values thannonmetals.
BECAUSE Metals conduct an electric current
103. Water is a polar molecule. BECAUSE Water has polar covalent bonds.
L04. Water has a low vapor pressure. BECAUSEWater molecules form hydrogen bonds with other watermolecules-
105. C,H.OH is as an Arrhenius base. BECAUSE C,H.OH donates its OH- in aqueous solutions.
106.The entropy of steam is gr:eater than the entropy of
liquid water.BECAUSE
At 100'C, the average kinetic energy ofthe steam mole^
cules is greater than the average kinetic energy of the
liquid water molecules.
107. All atoms of the same element are identical. BECAUSEAll atoms of the same element have the same number ofprotons.
108.At the same temperature lighter gas molecules have
a higher average velocity than heavier gas molecules.BECAUSE
At the same temperature lighter gas molecules have a
higher average kinetic energy than heavier gas moie-
cules.
109. CH'CI is a polar molecule BECAUSEThe Lewis diagram of polar molecules always has atleast one lone pair of electrons.
110. Ammonia has trigonal planar molecular geometry. BECAUSEAmmonia has a central nitrogen atom surrounded by
three hydrogen atoms and one unshared electron pair.
111The two products formed by the reaction of NaCl ,or
and AgNOn"", can be separated by filtration.BECAUSE
When sodium chloride and silver nitrate react, a precip-
itate is formed.
r12.Zinc metal is the reducing agent in the following
reaction: Cuf;', + 2n,", - Cu,", + Zn!;,.BECAUSE
The reducing agent causes reduction but is itseif oxi-
dized in an oxidation-reduction reaction.
113. Calcium oxide is a covalent substance. BECAUSEWhen a metai reacts with a nonmetal, a covalent bond
is formed.
1 14. Zinc oxide is a covalent substance. BECAUSE All oxides are covalent compounds.
115. The Cl- ion is larger than the K. ion. BECAUSEThe ionic radii in a series of isoelectronic ions increase
as the nuclear charge increases.
SAT CHEMISTRY TEST
Part C
Direc.uions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions.
For each question, seiect the one choice that is the best answer to the question and then fill in the corresponding oval on the
answer sheet.
26. An atom contains 12 protons, 12 electrons, and 13 neutrons.
Which of the following combinations of particles is an isotope of
that atom?
Protons Electrons
6) 12 12
(B) 12 13
(c) 13 12
(D) 13 13
(E) 14 12
27. CuH*,,,1 Or,",- COr,*, + HrO,"
When the equation for the reaction represented above rs
balanced and all coefficients are reduced to lowest whole-
number terms, the coefficient for H2O,", is
(A) 2
(B) 3
Q)4(D) 5
(E) 6
Which of the following wouid have the highest pH?
(A) HNO,
(B) C,H.OH
(C) MgO
(D) SO,
(E) CO,
Which of these actions will cause more potassium nitrate to
dissolve in a saturated potassium nitrate solution?
I. Grind the potassium nitrate and then add to the
solution while stirring
IL Add more potassium nitrate while using a magnetic
stirrer
III. Add more potassium nitrate and heat the solution
(A) I oni1'
(B) II only(C) III only
(D) I and III onl,r:
(E) I, II, and III
What is the molarity of a hydrofluoric acid solution, HF(."), if 4.0
g of HF is dissolved in enough water to make l-.0 L of solution?
(A) 0.10 M
(B) 0.20 M
(c) 0.40 M
(D) 0.50 M
(E) 0.60 M
Which of the following is the set of products formed when
propanol, CrHrOH, undergoes a combustion reaction?
(A) CO,(", and HrO,r
(B) COr,",andH2O*,
(C) C,",, O2q*,, and HrOsl
(D) C,.,, Hr,",, and H2O,.,
(E) COr{*,, HrO,*,, and Or,r,
AlCl, *AICL
When the equation for the reaction represented above is
balanced and all coefficients are reduced to lowest whole-
number terms, the coefficient for Al is
(A) i(B) 2
(c) 3
(D) 4(E) 5
What is the concentration of ammonium ions in a 0.25 M
solution of ammonium chloride?
(A) 0.13 M
(B) 0.25 M
(c) 0.50 M
(D) 0.75 M
(E) 1.00 M
30.
Neutrons
12
13
L2
T2
7231.
to
28.
JJ
qo
4034.
SAT CHEMISTRY
The correct formuia for barium sulfate is
(A) BaS
(B) BaS,
(C) BaSO,
(D) Ba'SOn
(E) BaSO,
The expected products ofthe decomposition ofsodium oxide are
(A) Na,", and O,",
(B) Nal",and O?,
(C) Nai, and O,,u,
(D) Na.", and O':*-,
(E) Na", and O,,",
Which of the following sets of conditions best describes a
solution ofpotassium iodide as compared to pure water?
Vapor pressure Freezing poht Boiling point
(A) higher higher higher(B) higher higher lower(C) higher lower lower(D) lower lower higher(E) lower higher higher
The elements known for their limited chemical reactivity are
the
(A) Alkali metals
(B) Alkaline earth metals
(C) Transition metals
(D) Halogens
(E) Noble gases
Which of the following combinations of 0.20 M aqueous
solutions will form a precipitate on mixing?
I. AgNO, and HCI
U. BaC,H.Oz and MgSO.
III. KI and Pb(NO.),
(A) I only
(B) I and II only(C) I and III only(D) II and III only(E) I, n, and III
The oxidation number for sulfur is highest in which of thefollowing ions or compounds?
(A) SO,
(B) SO,L
(c) so.2-
(D) S,Oi-
(E) HSO;
TEST-Continued
Given the equation 3X + Y * Z, you react 2 moies of X with tr
mole of Y. Which of the following is true?
(A) Xis the limiting reactant because of its higher moiar mass,(B) X is the limiting reactant because you need B rnoles ofX
and have 2.
(C) Y is the iimiting reactant because you have fewer moles ofYthanX.
(D) Y is the limiting reactant because B X molecules react withl Ymolecule.
(E) Neither reactant is limiting.
Which of these statements best describes a galvanic cell?
(A) Reduction occurs at the anode.
(B) Oxidation occurs at the anode.
(C) Energy is required from an external source.(D t 11'r" cathode is negative.(E) E"*,, is negative.
Which ofthese half-reactions represents an oxidation?
I. Sn4. - Sn2.
II. MnOf * ]
45. Based on the str-ucture below-, what is the empiricai formula fbr
this compoundt *,
I
HO-C-COOHI
HO-C_COOHI
H
(A) CHO
(B) c,H,o"(c) c,HuO.
(D) c,Huo"
(E) C4H"O8
A reaction occurs between potassium carbonate and
hydrochloric acid producing potassium chloride' carbon dioxide'
and water. The correct set of coefficients, respectively' for the
baianced reaction is
(A) 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
(B) t,2,2,1,r(c) 3,6,6,3,4(D) 8,6,5, 10, 5
(E) 5, 10, 10,5,5
Which of the foltowing is true for a system whose equilibrium
constant is relativelY small?
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
It will take a short time to reach equilibrium'
It will take a long time to reach equilibrium'
The equilibrium lies to the IeIt'
The equilibrium lies to the right'
It requires a higher concentration of reactants to reach
equilibrium.
lron (1II) oride is formed according to the following balanced
chemical equation:
4Fe,", + 3Or,"' * 2FezOeo,
The reaction of 8.0 moles of solid iron with 9'0 moles of
oxygen gas produces
(A) 4.0 moles of FezO, and 3.0 moles excess O'
(B) 4.0 moles of Fe,O. and 6.0 moles excess O'
(C) 6.0 moles of Fe,O. and 2.0 moles excess Fe
(D) 6.0 moles of FerO, and 3.0 moles excess Fe
(E) 6.0 moles of Fe,O, and 4'0 moles excess Fe
SAT CHEMISTRY TEST-C ontinued'
I only
III only
I and II only
II and III only
I,1I, and III
49. Which of the following statements is true about a balioon filled
with 1.00 moi of CO' at STP?
I. The contents of the balloon have a mass of 44'0 g'
il. The balloon has a volume of 22'4L'
III. The balloon contains 6.02 x 1023 molecules'
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
G)
50. Which of the foliowing processes shows an increase in entropy?
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
A pond freezes in winter.
Solid iodine sublimes'
Condensation occurs on the bathroom mirror'
Gaseous hydrogen and oxygen react to form water'
A sugar solution crystallizes.
51. Which of the following has the lowest ionization energy?
(A) Li(B) Na
(c) K(D) Rb
(E) Cs
52. Chloral hydrate, CzHgCisO,, is a drug formerly used as a
sedative and hypnotic. A sample ofchloral hydrate contains 3 0
x 101s atoms of carbon. How many atoms of hydrogen does this
sample contain?
(A) 1.5 x 1018
(B) 3.0 x 1018
(C) 4.5 x 1018
(D) 6.0 x 1018
(E) 9.0 x 1018
53. Which of the following has the smallest radius?
(A) P
(B) S
(c) cl(D) cr(E) S,-
46
47.
48.
54
SAT CHEMISTRY
Which reaction is represented by the following expression forthe law of mass action?
K"o = lNzon] -
lNzllozl2(A) N, + O, + N,Oc
(B) N, + 20, - lr],9,(C) N,On - N, + O,
(D) N,O. * N, + 20,(E) N,O. - 2N + 4O
The balanced net ionic reaction for the neutralization reactionbetween solutions ofsodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid is
(A) Naio, + OH1"n; + Hl"n, + Cllqr - H2O11y + NaCI,"o,
(B) Naio, + Cl,"o, - NaCl,uo,
(C) OH;q) + Hl"n; - H2O11;
ip) NaOHluq, + NaCl,"o, - H201r; + NaCl,uo;
(E) Naio, + OH,"n;; + Hl"n; + Cli.ql - HrO,1, + Naio, + Cl*n;
Complete the following nuclear equation:
!!r" * _18*_
(A) tSMn
(B) t9co
tc) lluntor lfco
te; !!nan
TEST-Continued
Which of the following is the most chemically reactive?
(A) Li(B) Na
(C) K(D) Rb
(E) Cs
Which of the following best describes the salt formed from theneutralization reaction between aqueous solutions of NaOHand HC,Ii.O,?
I. Acidic
II. Basic
IIL Soluble
58.
(A)
(B)
(c)
(D)
(E)
I only
II only
III only
I and III only
II and III only56.
59 What is the oxidation number for As in the chemical {brmula forarsenic acid, HrAsO.?
(A) +1
(B) +2
(C) +3
(D) +4
(E) +5
*qA-" C FgtrIq€E S TF..Y TE -q'F-C *& t fyaes e &
-; ra,l ,: AFe
^::- ^- ^tLt-artL-.
:. r.:r51 ie :ni=. at.u.t :hc;:c uo.r- c; iica;Fa s', ,-;a: ,;s i-a;r'
pressure equais tlre vapcr Fiess !r'€ of chlcrofbrrt at 40'C'a
!A) 40'a
(ts) 5A"C
(c) 60'c(D) ?C"C
(E) 80'C
AgNCn.o + !{,S,"., -'Ag,S,., + I{]dO,,,.,
\\trea ihe equaiic,n fbr tne reaction represe;ri,eei aboi'e is
oalanced and ail coefficients are recucei',c iou'es: u'5cie'
num-ber 'uer:ms" ibe coefficient t'or AgNC, ".,
is
(A) it,E) z
(D) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5
rliirich cf the foi-torn'ing is the ieast, eiectronegative?
(A) Hyeircge::
(B) Lithium(C) Nitrogen
(D) Sulfur(E) Phosphoru,s
i r:r1!1
i
ii
kir a
chiorafb::r:r
\.L-
60 B0 lCrC
lemllei:alux"e (oc
W|.at is ti:e lornial i:oilirrg i:aiti for chicrofcri::
rAr 4*',lr
iBr 50'C
i]) 70'C;
iEI BC"C
SAT CHEMISTRY
Questions 64-66 refer to the following heating curve and table ofvalues:
TEST-Continued
substance freezing point (K) AH1,, (kJ/mot) boiting poinr (K) AHuuo (kJ/mol)
(-)
Utr
€lu
0)
UtJ
neon
methanol
ammonia
water
benzene
25
176
195
on.)alo
279
0.33
3.16
5.65
6.01
9.87
27
tfJ I
240
o ,.f
353
1.76
35.3
23.4
40.7
30.8
What is the A-FI*, when one mole of ammonia undergoes the
foiiowing reaction:
NH''n - NH1,'
(A) 3.16 kJ(B) 5.65 kJ(c) 23.4kJ(D) 35.3 kJ(E) 40.7 kJ
Which of the following would have the lowest value for ?,?
(A) Neon
(B) Methanol
(C) Ammonia
(D) Water
(E) Benzene
Which of the following substances would you expect to requirethe most energy while vaporizing at 1.0 atm pressure?
(A) Neon
(B) Methanol
(C) Ammonia
(D) Water
(E) Benzene
The pH of a sample of orange juice is 8.7.A sample of lemonade
has a pH of 4.7. Compared to the [H.] of lemonade, the [H.] oforange juice is
(A) l\vo times higher(B) Half as much
(C) Ten times higher(D) One-tenth as much
(E) One hundred times higher
66.
67.65
liquid
heat added
68. Which of the following salts would have the greatest effect on
the freezing point of a solution if 0.10 mole of the salt was
dissolved in enough water to make 100'0 mL of solution?
tA) NaCl
(B) KCl(C) CaCl'
(D) MgCl,
(E) AlCl,
How many moles of NaOH are required to neutralize 1'2 moles
of HrSO,?
(A) 0.6 moie
(B) 1.2 moles
(C) 2.4 moles
(D) 3.6 moles
(E) 4.8 moles
SAT CIIEMISTRY:Co ntinue d'
TIME IS CA],LED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR
NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER TEST IN THIS
70. Which of the followingcompounds is named n-butane?
(A) CIL(B) C"Hu
(c) c.H,(D) Cfi,o(E) CuH"
WORK ON THIS TEST ONLY.
BOOK.
69.
PoTS
IF YOU FINISH BEFOREDO
Answers'to'“Practice'SAT'test'6”'
1. E"2. C"3. A"4. B"5. D"6. A"7. C"8. A"9. B"10. B"11. E"12. A"13. C"14. D"15. C"16. A"17. A"
18. A"19. C"20. C"21. C"22. D"23. A"24. E"25. C"
101."T,"T,"CE"102."F,"T"103."T,"T"104."T,"T,"CE"105."F,"F"106."T,"F"107."F,"T"108."T,"F"109."T,"F"
110."F,"T"111."T,"T,"CE"112."T,"T,"CE"113."F,"F"114."F,"F"115."T,"F""
26. A"27. E"28. C"29. C"30. B"31. B"32. B"33. B"34. E"35. E"36. D"
37. E"38. E"39. C"40. B"41. B"42. C"43. E"44. C"45. B"46. B"47. C"48. A"49. E"50. B"51. E"52. C"53. C"
54. B"55. C"56. D"57. E"58. E"59. E"60. C"61. E"62. B"63. B"64. C"65. A"66. D"67. C"68. E"69. C"70. D"
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