Saturn’s Numbers● Saturn is 1.35 billion km from the Sun minimum.● Saturn is 1.5 billion km from the Sun maximum.● One day on Saturn takes about 10.67 hours.● One full rotation around the sun takes about 29.5 Earth years on

Saturn.● Saturn has 62 moons.

Unusual Moon Information● Titan: Has lakes made up of liquid ethane and methane.

● Atlas: Saturn’s pancake-shaped moon.

● Dione: Is said to have liquid water under the crust.

Random Fact● Saturn has an aurora similar to our northern lights on its poles.

Saturn’s Layers● Saturn's atmosphere is made up of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium. ● The suspected “outer core” is made up of liquid metallic hydrogen

helium. ● The core is actually made up of rock, mainly silicate rock. ●

Liquid Hydrogen

Surface FeaturesSaturn has no crust, though under the outer layer exists a viscous pool of liquid hydrogen and helium, as you go up it becomes a gas and merges with the atmosphere.

Saturn Statistics

Distance from the sun (orbital radius): 1.434 billion kilometers

Period of rotation: 0 days 10 hours 42 minutes

Period of revolution: 29 ½ years

Number of moons: 62 moons

Layers of Saturn

Saturn is a gas planet.

Inside - Outside

❏ Rocky, hot, core

❏ Liquid metallic hydrogen layer

❏ Molecular hydrogen layer

❏ Cloud layer

Facts About Saturn

➔ Saturn is the least dense planet in the solar system being only .687 g/㎤

➔ Sometimes Saturn’s rings disappear

➔ You cannot stand on Saturn because it is mainly made up of gases

➔ The rings around Saturn are not solid and made of ice, dust and rock

➔ Every planet has rings but Saturn’s rings are the only ones visible from Earth through a

telescope

➔ The day Saturday was named after Saturn

➔ 9 Earth’s can fit across Saturn

➔ Saturn gives off more energy than it receives from the sun

➔ It takes sunlight an hour and 20 minutes to reach Saturn

Changing the scale

If the sun’s diameter is 10 kilometers Saturn’s would be 837 meters.

1.391016 million kilometers = sun’s diameter

116,464 kilometers = saturn’s diameter

Divide both by 139101.6

If the sun’s diameter is 10 km Saturn would be 10,061.5 km from the sun.

116464/.837 ÷ 139144 = 1.4 billion/10061.5

Distance of Uranus to the Sun

The distance from Uranus to the Sun is 2.871 billion km.

2.871 Billion KMAHHH

Surface of Uranus Uranus is a ball of ice and gas. It doesn’t have an actually surface. If NASA tried to land a spacecraft on Uranus it would sink into the center of the planet.

How many moons does Uranus have?

Uranus has 27 moons.Some of these moons include Umbriel,Titania,Miranda,and Ariel.

Did you know that Uranus has 27 known moons all of which are named after characters in Shakespeare and Alexander Pope’s work?

If the Sun had a 10 km diameter...If the sun was 10 km in diameter Uranus would be 0.036 km in diameter, or 36 meters.

10 km

36 meters

Random Facts

- Uranus is also known as the ice giant planet. This is because of its hydrogen upper layer. Also because of its icy mantle and rock and ice core.

- Uranus hits the coldest temperature of any known planets.

- Only one spacecraft has flown by Uranus

Layers of Uranus

Uranus’ atmospheres outer layer is the coldest. Beneath the atmosphere there is a liquid layer of hydrogen and helium.

Distance from Uranus to the sun.

Uranus is 2.97 billion kilometers from the sun

19.8 AU/ 2.97 billion km

One day on Uranus

17 Hours, 14 Minutes, 24 Seconds

One year on Uranus

Number of moons around Uranus

27 moons

Layers of Uranus

Surface features of Uranus.

Uranus does not exactly have a surface if you tried to land a spaceship on it, it would just fall through the atmosphere of helium and hydrogen and fall into the liquid icy center of the planet

Random Fact about Uranus

Scale

If the sun was 10 km in diameter then uranus would be .367 km

10 km .367 km

1,390,000/ 51,118= 27.19 27.19/10=2.7191/ 2.719= .367

This make the ratio of the sun to Uranus 27.19 to 1 or 10 to .367

Neptune INformation

Period of rotation/length of day of neptune is about 16 hours.

Period of revolution/length of one year is about 165 Earth years

Neptune is about 4.5 billion km away from the sun (orbital radius).

The surface of Neptune and Its layers

Neptune's surface area is 2.941 billion miles squared. That is 3.9 times bigger than the Earth. Neptune is a gas giant, so the surface is not solid at all. When we look at a picture of neptune, we are seeing tops of very deep gas clouds. Below the gas layer, there is a layer of water and other melted ices about the size of the Earth. When you go deeper into the planet, it gets hotter, and there will be a solid core made of rock and ice. Neptune doesn't have a surface, so you would sink to the core. Neptune is one of the most-known gas and ice giants.

Moons of Neptune

There are about 14 moons currently orbiting around neptune. The largest moon on Neptune is Triton and it is the largest moon to orbit a planet in our solar system backwards. Because Triton moves backward in its orbit, astronomers think the icy moon formed in the frozen Kuiper belt, located in the outer solar system. Neptune has both inner moons and outer moons within its rings where each moon orbits. Triton is also one of four moons in our solar system that has a atmosphere.

Scale Information

If the sun was 10 km in diameter, Neptune would be about 0.35 km in diameter.

1,400,000 km = 49,244 km 10 km 140,000 km

The sun would be 151,399,990 km from Neptune if the sun had a diameter of 10 km.

1,400,000 - 10 =1,399,990 km I 1,399,990+150 million= 151,399,990 km

Facts about Neptune

Neptune is the fourth largest planet in our solar system.

If you stood on Neptune, you would sink to the core.

Neptune is the Roman God of the Sea

The climate on Neptune is extremely active

Neptune has an average surface temperature of -214 °C

Neptune is the farthest planet in our solar system from the sun besides pluto.

6

Since Neptune rotates on its axis faster than Earth, its day is shorter. A day on Neptune is

about 16 Earth hours.

However, a year on Neptune is about 165 Earth years. This

means that Neptune orbits the sun at a much slower rate than

Earth.

Image not to scale

Neptune has 14 moons. It’s largest moon is Triton. Triton is the largest moon in the solar system to orbit clockwise, or

retrograde.

Neptune’s orbital radius(or distance from the sun) is approximately 4,498,252,900

kilometers. However, it is always changing as Neptune’s orbit is

not a perfect circle.

≈4,498,252,900 kilometers

Neptune has 4 layers, similar to earth, but Neptune’s layers are core, mantle, atmosphere, and upper atmosphere.

Because Neptune is a gas giant, it does not have a surface that you can walk on like Earth does. Neptune’s internal structure is very similar to Uranus.

Just Neptune's mantle is 10 to 15 times Earth’s mass!

As mentioned in the previous slide, Neptune does not have a surface you could walk on.

Small amounts of water and methane cause the blue-green color. Neptune can have wind speeds of about 1,24o mph, the fastest in the Milky Way and 5 times the wind speed on earth.

Seeing as Neptune is the farthest planet away from the sun, it is extremely cold with an

average temperature of -210°C(-346°F). Similar to Jupiter, Neptune also has a huge storm on

its surface.

What would the diameter of Neptune be if the Sun’s diameter was 10 km?

1.391016 million km 10 km_________________ = ______________

0.049244 million km x

1.Original Proportion

2. Cross multiply

1.391016x = 0.49244

3. Divide

X = ≈0.35 km

By using cross multiplication, you can figure out that if the diameter of the Sun was 1o

kilometers, then Neptune would have a diameter of about 0.35 km.

How far away would Neptune be if the sun’s diameter was 10km?

1. Original Proportion

1.391016 million km 10 km__________________ = ___________

4498.2529 million km x

2. Cross Multiply

1.391016x = 44982.529

3. Divide

X = ≈32337.89 km

Using the same process as before just with different numbers, you can find that if the Sun’s diameter was 10 km, then Neptune would be about

32,338 km away from the sun.

Fun facts

● Neptune is named for the Roman god of the sea

● Neptune has the second largest gravity of all the planets

● Triton was discovered just 17 days after Neptune was

● Neptune was discovered in 1846

● Neptune has only completed one full orbit since its discovery

● Neptune’s climate is extremely active and it has seasons just like Earth

● One season on Neptune can last for more than 40 years ● Neptune is the smallest of the Gas Giants

Pluto

Distance from the sun: 5,906,376,272 km

One day on pluto:6.4 Earth days or 153.3 hours long

Pluto has 5 moons

One year on pluto would take 248 earth years

Pluto has 3 layers and an atmospher

I

Scale

Sun= 10km in diameter

Pluto=Around .017 km in diameter

If pluto was around .017 km in diameter It would be around 43000 km away from the sun

Surface features

Almost all of Pluto surface is composed nitrogen ice

Fun Facts About Pluto

2nd closest dwarf planet to the sun

The Second largest dwarf planet

Is Not a Planet Anymore It was Revoked as a Planet in 2006

Pluto is ⅙ the size of earth

Images

About Pluto

On pluto, there are 5 moons. The biggest moon is called Charon. It is different

from other moons by the Dwarf Planet because this moon is half the size of

Pluto itself. The surface on Pluto is mainly covered with methane ice and

nitrogen ice. There are also mountains as high as 3500 meters. Scientist

believe that the mountains are formed by bedrock and ice.

Interesting Fact: Pluto was named after the Greek god of the underworld.

Even more about Pluto

uA Pluto day is a lot longer than any Earth day, A Pluto day is approximately 153

hours, or about 6.4 Earth days. Even crazier, one Pluto year is 248 Earth years.

Pluto’s atmosphere is mostly gases, consisting mostly of Nitrogen, and its surface

is lots of frozen Nitrogen. The orbital radius is 5.9 billion km. Pluto is pretty dank,

eh?

Scale:

Size of Pluto: Diameter of around 0.017 Km

If the Sun had a diameter of 10 kilometers then the diameter of Pluto would be about 0.017 km.

If the sun had a diameter of 10 kilometers, then Pluto would be 42,142 kilometers away