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SCHOOL OF DIVINITY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY

ACADEMIC SESSION 2013-2014

HI 4015 – SPECIAL SUBJECT

THE THIRTY YEARS WAR, 1618–1648

30 CREDITS, 12 WEEKS

PLEASE NOTE CAREFULLY:

The full set of school regulations and procedures is contained in the

Undergraduate Student Handbook which is available online at your

MyAberdeen page. Students are expected to familiarise themselves not only

with the contents of this leaflet but also with the contents of the Handbook.

Therefore, ignorance of the contents of the Handbook will not excuse the

breach of any school regulation or procedure.

You must familiarise yourself with this important information at the earliest

opportunity.

COURSE CO-ORDINATOR/COURSE TEAM

Professor Robert Frost. Tel. 01224-272453; e-mail robert.frost@abdn.ac.uk.

Office Hours: Tuesday 12:00–13:00; Wednesday 11:00–13:00.

Discipline Administration:

Mrs Barbara McGillivray/Mrs Gillian Brown

50-52 College Bounds

Room CBLG01

01224 272199/272454

history-ug@abdn.ac.uk

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TIMETABLE

Please refer to the online Timetable Students can view the University Calendar at

http://www.abdn.ac.uk/students/13027.php

COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course examines the impact of war on state and society by examining the Thirty Years War: the most important conflict of the seventeenth-century, which involved powers from across the continent, directly or indirectly. While the course will focus principally on the Holy Roman Empire, emphasis will be placed on comparing the different responses of the many states involved in the Thirty Years War to the unprecedented challenges of large-scale warfare in the age of the Military Revolution. There will be a ‘gobbets’ exercise set in the Reading Week (week 8), in which students will be asked to comment on extracts from the set documents.

INTENDED AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

Aims The primary aims of the course are:

to deepen students’ understanding of an event central to early modern European history

to enhance students’ appreciation of the range of approaches for understanding a major military conflict

to train students to trace the impact of local military and political events on wider patterns of society, culture and ideas

to develop students’ ability to use primary sources as a basis for historical analysis

to develop understanding of the problems inherent in the use of primary sources.

Learning Outcomes By the end of the course student should be able to:

understand the causes – short and long-term; political, religious and military; domestic and international – of the Thirty Years War

outline the course of the conflict – including major campaigns, treaties and interventions

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outline the conduct of the war – including its effects on local economies, populations and culture

understand the consequences of the war – political and military, domestic and international, especially with respect to wider European intellectual and cultural developments

follow and comprehend a complex narrative resulting from the interaction of a large range of semi-independent forces

distil from those narratives more general analysis of the fundamental processes at work in a major conflict

trace the impact of a major military conflict on demography, economy, society, culture and ideas

relate primary to secondary sources, and both to diverse historiographical traditions

relate aspects of the Thirty Years War to larger historical debates

to sustain arguments based on evidence drawn from primary sources

LECTURE/SEMINAR PROGRAMME

Week 1

Oct 1 Introduction.

Oct 2 Europe and the Thirty Years War. A struggle for hegemony?

Week 2 Origins

Oct 8 The Coming of the War

Oct 9 The Bohemian Revolt

Week 3 The 1620s

Oct 15 Habsburg Triumph

Oct 16 The failure of a coalition: anti-Habsburg forces to 1629

Week 4 The Balance Shifts

Oct 22 The Lion of the North: Swedish intervention

Oct 23 The Holy Roman Empire 1629–1635

Week 5 The Habsburgs and their enemies

Oct 29 The Habsburg Alliance

Oct 30 After the Peace of Prague, 1635–1648.

Week 6 Making Peace

Nov 5 The Peace of Westphalia

Nov 6 The Aftermath of the War

Week 7 Military Change and the Thirty Years War

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Nov 12 Strategy and Tactics

Nov 13 Organisation and Logistics

Week 8: READING WEEK & GOBBET TEST

Week 9 The Power of the State

Nov 26 War and the State

Nov 27 Armies and Politics

Week 10 The Impact of War

Dec 3 The Economic Impact

Dec 4 War and Society

Week 11 Culture and War

Dec 10 Religion

Dec 11 Diplomacy

Week 12

Dec 17 Propaganda

Dec 18 Revision

REQUIRED & WEEKLY READING

This bibliography provides general reading about the Thirty Years War as a whole, and suggested reading for each session. All students, whether or not they are making a presentation or leading discussion must read something for each week, even if it is only the relevant passages in Wilson, Asch or Parker. It is also important that you know and can comment on some of the selected documents: each student should prepare at least one document per week, which they may be asked to present to the class. A full bibliography for this course is available on MyAberdeen. Course Textbook Wilson, P.H. ed. The Thirty Years War. A Sourcebook (2010). The essential collection of documents. I have ordered copies for Blackwells and strongly suggest that you purchase this book Other collections of documents: Benecke, G., Germany in the Thirty Years War (1978) Limm, P., The Thirty Years War (1984):.

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Required Reading Wilson, P.H. Europe’s Tragedy. A History of the Thirty Years War (2009). The most comprehensive modern account. Asch, R., The Thirty Years War (1997): the best short introduction. Parker, G., The Thirty Years War (2nd ed, 1997): a collaborative effort, good on Europe and the war Also useful Wedgwood, C.V.,The Thirty Years War (1938) A classic narrative account. Good portraits of many of the leading actors. Rabb, T. K., The Thirty Years’ War (1972): valuable historiographical introduction, though now somewhat dated. Readings for individual sessions Week 1. Introduction Oct 1 Introduction. Oct 2 Europe and the Thirty Years War. A struggle for hegemony?

Questions and Problems

Was the Thirty Years War ‘a struggle for Hegemony’?

‘From its origins a European war’. Discuss.

Suggested Reading

Gilpin, R.,‘The theory of Hegemonic War’ Journal of Interdisciplinary History 18 (1988) pp. 591-613. Steinberg, S.H., The ‘Thirty Years War’ and the Conflict for European Hegemony 1600-1660 (1966) Sutherland, N.M., ‘The origins of the Thirty Years War and the structure of European politics’ English Historical Review 107 (1992) Week 2 Origins

Questions and problems

Why was the Holy Roman Empire so unstable in the first two decades of the seventeenth century?

What was the nature of the Bohemian Revolt? Oct 8 The Coming of the War: the politics of the Empire

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Documents Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 1–5; 9–10 Macartney, C.A. The Habsburg and Hohenzollern Dynasties in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (1970) The Letter of Majesty (1609) pp. 22-33. Gardiner, S.R. (ed.), Letters and other Documents illustrating the Relations between England and Germany at the Commencement of the Thirty Years War Camden Society, First Series, vol. 90 (1865). Naunton to Carleton, XVII, pp. 32-3; Finett to Calvert, XXXIX, pp. 63-4; Wake to Naunton, LV, pp. 87-9 Letters and papers of Doncaster (nos. XL, pp. 69-74; LXIII, pp. 99-107; LXVIII, pp. 118-9; LXIX, pp. 120-1; LXXIII, pp. 129-39; LXXVIII, pp. 144-8; LXXXIII, pp. 156-65; LXXXV, p. 166; LXXXVII, pp. 174-9; XCII, pp. 188-203; XCV, pp. 205-9. Suggested Reading Benecke, G., Society and Politics in Germany 1500-1750 (1974) pp. 3-40. Bahlcke, J.‘Calvinism and estate liberation movements in Bohemia and Hungary (1570-1620)’ in Maag, K. (ed.) The Reformation in Eastern and Central Europe (1997) MacHardy, K. ‘The rise of Absolutism and noble rebellion in early modern Habsburg Austria, 1570-1620’ Journal of Comparative History 34 (1992) Oct 9 The Bohemian Revolt, Europe and the outbreak of the war

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, documents 11–20.

Gardiner, S.R. (ed.), Letters and other Documents illustrating the Relations between England and Germany at the Commencement of the Thirty Years War Camden Society, First Series, 90 (1865). Instructions to Doncaster, no. XL, pp. 64-74 (translation pp. 69-74); Buckingham to Gondomar, VII, p. 13; Letters and Papers of Sir Isaac Wake and Francis Cottingham (Nos. III, pp. 4-5; V, pp. 9-12; VI, p. 12; XII-XIV, pp. 24-7; XIX, pp. 36-7; XXI, pp. 39-40; LXIV, pp. 107-11; Dutch Commissioners to the States General, XX, p. 38; XXII pp. 40-1; Letters and papers of Carleton, XXV pp. 43-4; XXVI, pp. 44-5; XXXI, p. 51; XXXIV, p. 57; XXXVII, p. 60; XLIII, pp. 75-6; L, pp. 81-2; LVIII, pp. 92-3; Papers of Sir Henry Wotton XXIX-XXX, pp. 46-51.) Gardiner, S.R. (ed.) Letters and other Documents illustrating the Relations between England and Germany at the Commencement of the Thirty Years War Camden Society, First Series, vol. 98 (1868) (Elizabeth Stuart to Carleton, no. 1, p. 1; Elizabeth Stuart to Buckingham, no. II, p. 2; Carleton to Naunton, no. VI, pp. 6-8. Suggested Reading

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Adams, S.L., ‘Spain or the Netherlands? The dilemmas of early Stuart foreign policy’ in Tomlinson, H. (ed) Before the Civil War (1984). Brightwell, P., ‘The Spanish origins of the Thirty Years War’ European Studies Review 9 (1979) (plus other Brightwell articles in A3a on the main bibliography) Tapié, V., ‘Louis XIII and the Catholic cause’ in Tapié, V. France in the Age of Louis XIII and Richelieu (1974) Israel, Jonathan, The Dutch Republic and the Hispanic World, (1982) Week 3 The 1620s Oct 15 Habsburg Triumph Questions and Problems

Could the escalation of the war have been avoided?

What explains the stunning Habsburg successes of the 1620s? Documents Wilson, Sourcebook, nos. 21–30; 39–40; 48 –58. Macartney, C.A., The Habsburg and Hohenzollern Dynasties: The sufferings of Austrian Protestants after the White Mountain, pp. 13-22; Vernewerte Landesordnung des Königreichs Boheimh (the new constitution of Bohemia, 1627); pp. 37-45. Suggested Reading

Bireley, R., Religion and Politics in the Age of the Counter-Reformation (1981) Chapters 2-4.

Johnston-Gordon, R., ‘Patronage and parish: the nobility and the recatholicisation of Lower Austria’ in Maag, K. (ed.) The Reformation in eastern and central Europe (1997) Oct 16 The failure of a coalition: anti-Habsburg forces to 1629

Questions and problems

Why were the anti-Habsburg forces so unsuccessful in the 1620s?

Why was British intervention in the war so ineffectual?

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 41–45.

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Gardiner, S.R. (ed.) Letters and other Documents illustrating the Relations between England and Germany at the Commencement of the Thirty Years War Camden Society, First Series, vol. 98 (1868); Notesof theDeclaration…by Sir Robert Naunton, no. XII pp. 13-17; De Ulloa to Philip III, no. XVI, pp. 22-3; Wake to Naunton, no. XXI, pp. 30-2; de Caron to the States General, no. XXIV, pp. 33-8; James VI & I to Doncaster, no. XXV, pp. 39-42; Balconqual to Oxenden, no. XXVII, pp. 43-4; Doncaster to Naunton, pp. XXVIII, pp. 45-52; Instructions to Doncaster, XXXII, pp. 57-8; Digby to Cottington, no. XXXIII, pp. 59-62; Carleton to Doncaster, no. XXXVIII, pp. 68-70; Herbert to Naunton, no. LXIII, pp. 104-5; Herbert to Naunton, no. LXVII, pp. 110-4; Herbert to Naunton, no. LXVIII, p. 116; Instructions for Aston, no. LXX, pp. 119-32; Lando to the Doge, no. LXXIX, pp. 146-9; de la Fuente to Philip III, no. LXXXIV, pp. 157-60; Carleton to Naunton, no. XCIII, pp. 169-70; de Caron to the States General, no. XCIV, pp. 171-4; Herbert to Naunton, no XCV, pp. 174-6; Herbert to Naunton, no. XCVI, pp. 180-1.

Thomas Scott: ‘Certaine reasons and arguments of policie, why the king of England should enter into warre with the Spaniard. 1624’, http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~rbear/spain.html

Suggested Reading

Sonino, P., ‘From d’Avaux to Dévot: politics and religion in the Thirty Years War’ History 286 (2002)

Lockhart, P.D., ‘Religion and princely liberties: Denmark’s intervention in the Thirty Years War, 1618-1625’ International History Review (1995) Adams, S.L., ‘Foreign policy and the Parliaments of 1621 and 1624’ in Sharpe, K. (ed) Faction and Parliament: Essays on early Stuart History (1978) Week 4 The Balance Shifts

Questions and Problems

Why did Sweden intervene?

Why did Swedish intervention prove so successful?

How do you explain the German reaction to Swedish intervention?

Oct 22 The Lion of the North: Swedish intervention

Documents Wilson, Sourcebook, nos. 66–78, 91–6. Roberts, M. (ed.), Sweden as a Great Power 1611-1697. Government, Society, Foreign Policy (1968) Gustav Adolf’s Accession Charter, 1611, pp. 7-10; Gustav Adolf’s farewell speech to the Estates, 19th May 1630, pp. 13-16; Gustav Adolf

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to Axel Oxenstierna, 4th December 1630, pp. 16-18; The Form of Government, 1634, pp. 28; The Regents and the Estates, 1633-42, pp. 29-35; Oxenstierna and the Council, 1636 pp. 36-7; Oxenstierna and the Estates, 1642, pp. 37-40; The Programme of the Opposition, 1647, pp. 40-44 Defeatism, 1635, pp. 149-51; The Problem of disengagement, pp. 151-4; Denmark and Germany, 1643, pp. 154-60. Limm, P. The Thirty Years War (1984) Reaction of Gustav Adolf to his reception by the German Princes, July 1630, pp. 109-10. Benecke, G. Germany in the Thirty Years War (1978) Gustav Adolf’s Fourteen Points to the Emperor, 1630, pp. 46-7 Suggested Reading Roberts, M., ‘The political objectives of Gustavus Adolphus in Germany 1630-1632’ Essays in Swedish History (1967) Roberts, M., ‘Oxenstierna in Germany, 1633-1636’ in Roberts, M. From Oxenstierna to Charles XII. Four Studies (1991) Oct 23 The Holy Roman Empire 1629–1635 Documents Wilson, Sourcebook, nos. 59–63; 103–5. Everybody should read the Edict of Restitution (no. 62) and the Peace of Prague (no. 103). Benecke, G. Germany in the Thirty Years War (1978) The Catholic takeover in Lutheran Kitzingen, 1629, pp.45-6; The Colloquy of Leipzig, 1631, pp. 49-53; Suggested Reading Bireley, R., Religion and Politics pp. 211-30. Schindling, A., ‘Delayed confessionalization. Retarding factors and religious minorities in the territories of the Holy Roman Empire, 1555-1648’ in Ingrao, C.W. (ed.) State and Society in early modern Austria (1994) Bussmann and Schilling (eds.) 1648: War and Peace in Europe (1998), catalogue sect. ix. Week 5 The Habsburgs and their enemies

Questions and Problems

To what extent were the aims of the Spanish and Austrian Habsburgs compatible between 1618 and 1648?

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Why did the Franco-Swedish alliance take so long to end the Thirty Years War?

Oct 29 The Habsburg Alliance

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 129–30.

Gardiner, S.R. (ed.) Letters and other Documents illustrating the Relations between England and Germany at the Commencement of the Thirty Years War Camden Society, First Series, vol 98 (1868); Philip III to the Archduke Albert, no. XLIX, pp. 86-8; Archduke Albert to Philip III, no. LIV, pp. 94-5; Cottington to Naunton, no. LXII, pp. 103-4; Philip III to the Archduke Albert, no. LXXXII, pp. 154-5; Archduke Albert to Philip III, no. LXXXIII, pp. 156-7; Archduke Albert to Philip III, no. XCII, p. 169;

Suggested Reading

Arndt, J., ‘The Emperor and the Reich (1600-1648)’ Bussmann and Schilling: 1648 – War and Peace in Europe I (1998) Stradling, R.A., ‘Olivares and the origins of the Franco-Spanish War 1627-1635’ English Historical Review 101 (1986)

Oct 30 After the Peace of Prague, 1635–1648.

Docments

Wilson, Sourcebook, nos. 106–112.

Rabb, T. K., The Thirty Years’ War (1972) Cardinal Richelieu, Political Testament, pp. 129–36

Suggested Reading

Weber, H., ‘“Une Bonne Paix”: Richelieu’s foreign policy and the peace of Christendom’ in Bergin, J. and Brockliss, L. (eds.) Richelieu and his Age (1992) Parrott, D.A., ‘The causes of the Franco-Spanish War of 1635-59’ in Black, J. (ed.) The Origins of War in Early Modern Europe (1987) Parrott, D.A., ‘France at war, 1624-1642’ in Parrott, D.A. Richelieu’s Army (2001)

Week 6 Making Peace

Questions and Problems

Who won the Thirty Years War?

Why did the Holy Roman Empire survive the Thirty Years War?

Nov 5 Making Peace

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Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 157–166; Roberts, M. (ed.), Sweden as a Great Power 1611-1697. Government, Society, Foreign Policy (1968): Christina and the negotiations at Westphalia, 1647, pp. 160-3

Suggested Reading

Repgen, K., ‘Negotiating the Peace of Westphalia: a survey with an examination of the major problems’ 1648 – War and Peace in Europe I (1998)

Nov 6 The Peace of Westphalia

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 167–76

Suggested Reading

Schmidt, G., ‘The Peace of Westphalia as the Fundamental Law of the complementary Empire-state’ 1648 – War and Peace in Europe I (1998) Gerhardt, V., ‘On the historical significance of the Peace of Westphalia: twelve theses’ 1648 – War and Peace in Europe I (1998) Asch, R., ‘Estates and Princes after 1648: the consequences of the Thirty Years War’ German History 6 (1988

Week 7 Military Change and the Thirty Years War

Did the Thirty Years War really change the face of warfare?

Compare and contrast Gustav Adolf, Tilly and Wallenstein as military

leaders.

Nov 12 Strategy and Tactics.

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, 116–8.

Monro Robert: description of Breitenfeld (see My Aberdeen, documents). Symcox, G., (ed.) War, Diplomacy and Imperialism, 1618-1763 (1974) The Battle of Rocroi, pp. 135-41.

Suggested Reading

Roberts, M., ‘Gustav Adolf and the Art of War’ in Roberts, M. Essays in Swedish History (1967) Parrott, D., ‘Strategy and tactics in the Thirty Years War: the “Military Revolution”.’ in C.J. Rogers (ed.) The Military Revolution Debate (1995)

Nov 13 Organisation and Logistics

Documents

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Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 113–15;.119 –26.

Suggested Reading

Parker, G., The Military Revolution (1988) chapter 2. Wilson, P.H., ‘The German “soldier trade” of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries: a reassessment’ International History Review 18 (1996) Redlich, F., De Praeda Militari: Looting and Booty, 1500-1815 (1965) Redlich, F., ‘Contributions in the Thirty Years War’ Economic History Review 12 (1959-60)

Week 8: READING WEEK & GOBBET TEST

Week 9 The State and War

Problems and Questions

Was the Thirty Years War a ‘war of state-building’?

Why did some states cope better than others with the demands of war?

Did the advantages of using military entrepreneurs such as Wallenstein or Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar outweigh the disadvantages for their employers?

Nov 26 War and the State

Documents

Limm, P., The Thirty Years War (1984) Swedish State, Income and Expenditure, 1633 p. 116.

Suggested Reading

Roberts, M., ‘The Military Revolution’ in Roberts, M., Essays in Swedish History (1967) Ringmar, E., Identity, Interest and Action. A cultural explanation of Sweden’s intervention in the Thirty Years War (1996) (especially last chapters). Parrott, David, Richelieu’s Army (2001)

Nov 27 Armies and Politics

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, 97–102.

Benecke, G. Germany in the Thirty Years War (1978) A Contemporary Account of the Murder of Wallenstein, 1634, pp. 91-2. Symcox, G. War, Diplomacy and Imperialism, 1618-1763 (1974) A Treaty for Raising Troops between Louis XIII and Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, 1635, pp. 117-21 and A Further Treaty for Raising Troops between Louis XIII and Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, 1639, pp. 121-5.

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Suggested Reading

Polisensky, J.V., War and Society in Central Europe 1618-1648 (Chapter 5) Rabb, T.K., The Thirty Years War (pp.107-128) Redlich, F. The German Military Enterpriser and his workforce: a Study in European Economic and Social History (1964-5) Mann, G. Wallenstein (1976)

Week 10 The Impact of War

Questions & Problems

If the Thirty Years War was not ‘all-destructive’, how destructive was it?

‘A war damage claim was an unscrupulous attempt to get tax-reduction from the territorial authorities. It was not a credible account of actual war damage.’ Discuss.

‘The war was a catastrophe and the apocalyptic language adopted by those who lived through it was consonant with their experiences.’ Discuss.

Dec 3 The Economic Impact

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 79–90.

Benecke, G., Germany in the Thirty Years War (1978) Section II: Economics and the Military System, pp. 22-42.

Suggested Reading

Ergang, R.R., The Myth of the All-Destructive Fury of the Thirty Years War (1955)

Mortimer, G., ‘A ‘Myth’ of the All-destructive Fury’?’ in Mortimer, G. Eyewitness Accounts of the Thirty Years War 1618-48 (2002) Stier, B. & von Hippel, W., ‘War, economy and society’ in S. Ogilvie (ed.) Germany. A new Social and Economic history II (1996)

Dec 4 War and Society

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 133–56

Benecke, G. Germany in the Thirty Years War (1978) Section IV: Peasants and Soldiers & Section V, Townsmen, Nobles and Clergy,pp. 61-87. Chronicle Interpretation pp. 53-4; The German Brutus, 1636 pp. 54-5; Cannibalism at Breisach, 1638, pp. 56-8. Roberts, M. (ed.), Sweden as a Great Power 1611-1697. Government, Society, Foreign Policy (1968) Gustav Adolf and peasant rights , p. 95; Sale of Crown Lands, 1638, pp. 95-8; Peasant grievances, 1649, pp. 98-9; The Supplication

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of the Clergy, Burghers and Peasants, 1650, pp. 100-5; Peasant grievances refuted, 1649-50, pp. 105-110;

Suggested Reading

Mortimer, G., Eyewitness Accounts of the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) (2002). Mortimer discusses the problems of contemporary eyewitness accounts of the war, and gives a great deal of primary material in the shape of quotes. Be careful how you cite the documents quoted. Ogilvie, S.C., ‘Germany and the seventeenth-century crisis’ Historical Journal 35 (1992) Parker, G., ‘The etiquette of atrocity: the laws of war in early modern Europe’ in Parker, G. Empire, War and Faith in Early Modern Europe (2002) Bussman and Schilling (eds.) 1648: War and Peace in Europe (1998), vol. I, sect. iv; catalogue sect. i Theibault, J., ‘The rhetoric of death and destruction in the Thirty Years War’ Journal of Social History 27 (1993)

Week 11 Religion and Diplomacy

Dec 10 Religion

Questions & Problems

Why, and to whom, did religion matter?

What role did religion play in the war?

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, 62–4

Gardiner, S.R. (ed.) Letters and other Documents illustrating the Relations between England and Germany at the Commencement of the Thirty Years War Camden Society, First Series vol. 98 (1868); Herbert to Naunton, no. XI pp. 12-13; Marioni to the Doge, no. XVII, pp. 23-7; Limm, P. The Thirty Years War (1984) The Papal Bull ‘Zelo Domus Dei (1648) pp. 106-7; Handout: Religion-documents on Blackboard. Dec 11 Diplomacy

Suggested Reading

Bireley, R.A., ‘The Thirty Years War as Germany’s religious war’ in Repgen K. (ed) Krieg und Politik 1618-1648 Repgen, K., ‘What is a “Religious War”?’ in Scott, T. and Kouri, E.I. Politics and Society in Reformation Europe (1987) pp. 311-28. Bussmann and Schilling (eds.) 1648: War and Peace in Europe (1998), essay vol. I, sect. iii; catalogue sect. viii.

Dec 11 Diplomacy

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Questions and Problems

To what extent did the war change the ways in which Europeans thought about and conducted international relations?

Was the treaty of Westphalia a significant landmark for the practice of diplomacy?

Documents

Wilson, Sourcebook, nos 167, 168.

Suggested Reading

Osiander, A., ‘The Peace of Westphalia’ in Osiander, A. The States System of Europe, 1640-1990 (1994) pp. 16-89 Anderson, M., The Rise of Modern Diplomacy 1450-1919 (1993) Section on the CXVII

Week 12

Dec 17 Propaganda

Documents

Questions and Problems

To what extent is the term ‘propaganda’ an appropriate description of the flood of pamphlets and broadsheets produced during the war?

Did propaganda work? Documents

See the images displayed on Blackboard

Suggested Reading

Coupe, W.A., The German Illustrated Broadsheet of the Seventeenth Century 2 vols. (1966-7) Vol. 1 Chapter 4: ‘The Broadsheet and the Thirty Years War’. Paas, J.R., ‘The changing image of Gustavus Adolphus on German Broadsheets, 1630-1633’ Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 59 (1996) Knecht, R.J., Richelieu chapter 11

Dec 18 Revision

Please let me know in advance, if possible, which topics you would like to discuss, and come prepared to question and discuss problems.

FURTHER READING

There is a full bibliography for the course online, with sections that match individual sessions. If you cannot access the suggested reading for an individual week, there are PLENTY of alternatives on the bibliography. I recommend that you purchase Wilson’s Sourcebook, which is the central text for the course, but I have placed copies of it and of Benecke, Limm, and Macartney, the other document books used, in Heavy Demand.

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There are many websites dealing with the Thirty Years War. Be careful with them, as many of them are simplistic in their presentation, or concerned largely with military reenactment.

ASSESSMENT

1 x 3-hour examination (100%) for all Special Subjects. The Degree Examination will take place in January 2014. The purposes of the examination are 1) to test your familiarity with primary materials and your ability to analyse the content and historical significance of such primary material, and 2) to examine your ability to synthesise the material, the ideas and the interpretations covered in the course and to write cogent and coherent answers to essay style questions. The general format of the examination will be discussed in advance to assist you to prepare for it..

Please find the discipline specific Common Assessment Scale (CAS) descriptors

in MyAberdeen.

COURSEWORK

Each student will be expected to write one essay of 2,000-2,500 words, to be submitted by the Wednesday of Week 10 at 12 noon. Essay questions must be agreed with the course coordinator in advance; titles can be drawn from past papers, which are available online. All students will be expected to lead the discussion on the sources at one session of the course. Students may, if they wish, present documents in groups of 2–3. There will be a gobbet test during the Reading Week (week 8): details will be announced in advance.

ASSESSMENT DEADLINES

Gobbet Test: Week 8. Essay: Wednesday 4 December at 12 noon

SUBMISSION ARRANGEMENTS

The Department requires ONE hard and ONE electronic copy of all assignments, as follows: COPY 1: One hard copy together with an Assessment cover sheet, typed

and double spaced – this copy should only have your ID number CLEARLY written on the cover sheet, with NO name and NO signature – and should be delivered to the History Department [Drop-off boxes located in CB008, 50-52 College Bounds].

COPY 2: One copy submitted through Turnitin via MyAberdeen.

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EXAMINATION

The three-hour examination will contain a compulsory gobbet question (extracts from primary sources for comment) and two essay questions. Students will be expected to show a knowledge of the primary sources in the essay answers. General exam guidance is given in the Student Handbook.

Past exam papers can be viewed at http://www.abdn.ac.uk/library/learning-

and-teaching/for-students/exam-papers/.