Science for 5 Chap 1

7/30/2019 Science for 5 Chap 1

1/5

Subject Science

Duration 70 minutes

Theme Man and The Variety of Living Things

Learning Area 1. Microorganisms and Their Effects On Living Things

Learning Objective 1.1 Understanding the classification of microorganisms

Learning Outcomes Students will be able to:

1. list the characteristics of various types of microorganisms2. classify microorganisms into bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, and algae, describe the

characteristics of each group of microorganisms.

Learning Activities 1. Introduction of various types of microorganisms.2. Identify characteristics of various types of microorganism.3. Classify various types of microorganisms into groups.4. Q and A session.5. Exercises.

Teaching Aids LCD, Power point slides show, text book, work book, reference book

Assignments Exercises (work book)

Teachers Reflection Learning outcomes achieved

What is microorganisms?

Microorganisms also known as microbes. Microorganisms are living things which are so small that they

cannot be seen with the naked eye and are only visible under the microscope.

Who discovered the first microorganism?

Anton Van Leewenhoek (1632-1732) was the first person to discover the existence of microorganisms,

when he used the simple microscope that he himself invented to view a drop of rainwater which he

collected from his roof.

Types of Microorganisms

Based on their characteristics ( appearance, shape, size, method of reproduction, nutrition and habitat),

microorganisms can be classified into 5 groups:

1)Bacteria

2)Fungi

3)Protozoa

4)Virus

5)Algae


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BACTERIA

HARACTERISTICS

EE BACTERIA CELL

TRUCTURE

-Unicellular organisms-They have cell wall made of peptidoglycan

-Some have additional slimy capsule outside their cell wall for added protection

-Beneath the cell wall is its plasma membrane

-Bacteria do not have nuclear membrane-Some bacteria have one or more tail-like structure called 'flagella' which are used for

swimming

-Some bacteria also have hundreds of hairlike structures known as pilli

HAPE

-Classified according to their shapes-They can be spherical known as cocci, rod-shaped known as bacilli, comma shaped

known as vibrios and spiral known as spirilla

IZE-Diameter ranges from 0.5 -1.0 micrometres

-Only visible using a high powered micoscope

METHOD OF

EPRODUCTION

Sexually by a process called conjugation or Asexually by formation of spores or binar

fission

UTRITIONPhotosynthesis, Chemosynthesis, Saprophytic and Parasitic. Bacteria stores food in theform of glycogen granules in its cytoplasm.

HABITATCan be found almost everywhere (foods, air, water, soil, on any surfaces (such as table

tops), on the outside as well as inside of organisms especially in the intestines).

MODE OF RESPIRATION

-Some are aerobic, requiring oxygen to survive

-Some are anaerobic, do not need oxygen to survive

-Some can live in the presence or absence of oxygen
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FUNGI

HARACTERISTICSDo not contain the green pigment chlorophyll, so they have to take in nutri

from external. Fungi may be unicellular or multicellular.

ZE 10 - 100 micrometres

ETHOD OF REPRODUCTION

Asexually through budding or formation of spores and sexually through

conjugationUTRITION parasitism and saprohytism

ABITAT Dark, moist, warm environment

AMPLE Yeast, Mucor/ Mould

PROTOZOA

HARACTERISTICS

-Unicellular organisms

-Move with the help of cillia which continuously beat against the water

in diagonal pattern

ETHOD OF REPRODUCTION Asexually through binary fission or sexually by conjugation

UTRITION-Parasitism, saprophytism or autotrophs

-Cilia/ cilium (hair like structures) send food to oral groove

ABITATSoil, moist area, live in water ( Amoeba) or inside the body of organisms

(Plasmodium)

AMPLES Amoeba, Plasmodium, Paramecium
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VIRUS

HARACTERISTICS

E VIRUS CELL STRUCTURE

-smallest microorganisms

-do not carry out any characteristics of living things

-when outside a cell, it forms a crystal

do not show cell organization

HAPE Maybe spherical, polyhedral, rod-shaped or rocket shaped

ZE Sizes ranges from about 20 - 400 nm in diameter

ETHOD OF REPRODUCTIONThey can only multiply inside the living cells (host cell) of animals or plants or other

microbes. This process harms the host, resulting in a disease.

UTRITION Parasitic

ABITAT living cell (host cell)

XAMPLE influenza virus (spherical), tobacco mosaic virus (rod-shaped)
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ALGAE

CHARACTERISTICS

-Simple aquatic plant

-No proper roots, stems, leaves or vascular system

-contains chlorophyll

SIZE 1 - 10000 micrometres

METHOD OF REPRODUCTION Asexually through binary fission or Sexually byconjugation

NUTRITION Photosynthesis (most algae have pigments which use the wavelength that penetrate wa

HABITAT Freshwater and marine (saltwater), soil, bark of trees

EXAMPLE chlamydomonas (unicellular), spirogyra
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Science for 5 Chap 1