SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 1/21

S C O R ESystem for Courseware Reuse

Prof. Dr. P.C. LockemannDipl.-Inform. Khaldoun AteyehDr. Birgitta König-Ries

Dipl.-Inform. Michael KleinDipl.-Inform Jutta Mülle

Institute for Program Structures and Data OrganizationUniversity of Karlsruhe

www.ipd.uni-karlsruhe.de/SCORE www.vikar.de www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~MM-Tag

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 2/21

Motivation

Development of multimedia courseware:• difficult and costly process• interdisciplinary process• high requirements on creativity• psychological and ergonomical aspects are

important

Why do we need to reuse Courseware?Motivation

Approach

Requirements

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 3/21

Motivation: Current Situation

Current courseware: • often monolithic structure• mixed content, structure, and

presentation

Current courseware difficult to...• extend• maintain• update• reuse

Motivation

Approach

Requirements

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 4/21

Requirements: Courseware

• Modular courseware• Adaptable courseware

• to different university types • to students • to educators • to learning form

• Support for cooperation• Support for open standards • Effective search mechanisms

Requirements

Approach

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 5/21

Our Approach

Our approach:• Divide courseware into self-contained

learning modules • Separate different aspects:

content, structure, and presentation• Use standardized Metadata• Create community and domain specific

ontology

Approach

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 6/21

Our Approach: Atoms, Modules & Course

• Basic building blocks: learning atoms• Each learning atom contains a learning

unit: e.g, a definition, an example, a proof

• Learning modules: semantically closed sets of learning atoms

• Course: Composition of modules in a specific context

Approach

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 7/21

Our Approach: Aspects

Which aspects should be adaptable?

Content Structure Presentation

Approach

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 8/21

Our Approach: Module Types

Technically: Three variations of learning modules

Content Structure Presentation

IntegrationModule

StructuralModule

PresentationalModule

Approach

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 9/21

Our Approach

Views of single authors

Presentational modulePrint view

Presentational moduleDistance learning view

Presentational modulePrint view

Group of authors

Learning Subject

Integration Module

Learning ModuleLearning Module Learning Module

Structural module Structural module Structural module

Presentational moduleFace-to-face view

cooperation + content

choice, structure, didactics

presentation

Approach

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 10/21

Our Approach: Metadata

Metadata:• Describe the various aspects of a

learning object• Metadata Standards:

Learning Object Metadata (LOM)

Approach

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 11/21

Approach

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

Nr Gruppe Name Bemerkung Vielfältigkeit Typ Domäne

1 General Allgemeine Eigenschaften des Lernobjekts1_1 General Identifier Eindeutiger Schlüssel des Zielobjekts einfach String1_2 General Title Titel des Lernobjekts einfach LangString1_4 General Language Sprache des Lernobjekts Liste, max 10 Eintr. String ISO639/ISO31661_5 General Description Inhaltsbeschreibung des Lernobjekts Liste, max 10 Eintr. LangString1_6 General Keyword Keyword-Beschreibung der Ressource Liste, max 10 Eintr. LangString1_9 General Aggregationlevel Funktionelle Größe des Objekts einfach Vocabulary 1=Atom, 2=Modul, 4=Kurs

2 Lifecycle Lebenszyklus der Ressource2_1 Lifecycle Version Versionsnummer des LO einfach LangString2_2 Lifecycle Status Bearbeitungsstatus des LO einfach Vocabulary Draft, Final, Revised, Unavailable2_3 Lifecycle Contribute Person oder Org. die zu LO in Bezug steht Liste, max 30 Eintr.

2_3_1 Lifecycle Role Art der Beteiligung einfach Vocabulary Author, Editor, Graphical Designer, ...2_3_2 Lifecycle Entity Beteiligte Entitäten Liste, max 40 Eintr. String vCard2_3_3 Lifecycle Date Datum der Beteiligung einfach DateType

4 Technical4_1 Technical Format Datentyp der Ressource Liste, max 40 Eintr. String MIME4_2 Technical Size Größe der Ressource einfach Number4_3 Technical Location Zugriffspfad für Ressource Liste, max 10 Eintr. String

5 Educational Bildungsrelevante Eigenschaften5_1 Educational Interactivitytype Art der Interaktivität einfach Vocabulary Active, Expositive, Mixed, Undefined5_2 Educational Learningresourcetype Art der Ressource, dominanteste zuerst Liste, max 10 Eintr. Vocabulary Excercise, Simulation, Diagram, ...5_3 Educational Interactivitylevel Ebene der Interaktivität einfach very low, low, medium, high, very high5_5 Educational Intendedenduserrole Benutzerrolle Liste, max 10 Eintr. Vocabulary Teacher, Author, Learner, Manager5_6 Educational Context Zielgruppe Liste, max 4 Eintr. Vocabulary University First Cycle, ...5_9 Educational Typicallearningtime Zeit zum Bearbeiten der Ressource einfach DateType ISO8601

5_10 Educational Description Beschreibung, wie Ressource genutzt werden solleinfach LangString7 Relation rein strukt. Bez. zu anderen Ressourcen Liste, max 100 Eintr.

7_1 Relation Kind Art der Beziehung einfach Vocabulary IsPartOf, IsBasedOn, Requires, ...7_2 Relation Resource Zielobjekt einfach

7_2_1 Relation Identifier Eindeutiger Schlüssel des Zielobjekts einfach String8 Annotation Kommentare zum Wert der Ressource Liste, max 30 Eintr.

8_1 Annotation Person Person einfach String vCard8_2 Annotation Date Datum einfach DateType8_3 Annotation Description Anmerkung einfach LangString

9 Classification Klassifizierung der Ressource Liste, max 40 Eintr.9_4 Classification Keyword Keyword-Beschreibung der Ressource Liste, max 40 Eintr. LangString

Extensions Moduletype Typ eines Lernmoduls einfach String 0-3(0 = Virtual, 1 = Integration, 2 = Structural, 3 = Presentational)

Structural Relationships to other Learning Objects

Content Relationship to other Learning Objects in the Ontology

Lifecycle of the Learning Object

Technical Aspects of the Learning Object

Educational Aspects

Type of a learning Module

Annotation Information

SCORE-Metadata-StandardGeneral characteristic of the Learning Object

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 12/21

Our Approach: Ontology

Ontology:• Set of concept definitions and their

relationships• Common basis for cooperation and

exchange within one community • Browsing space

Approach

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 13/21

Existing modules

Search modules

Suitable modules

Course with metadata

Define a course structure

Assemble course

Search

Metadata Editor

Presentation Generator

Release course

Uploader Structuring Tool

ExportModule Builder

Course Development: CourseBuilder

Ontology Browser

Define a course structure• First outline/concept of the course• Separation of course into modules and

specification of each module • Can be conducted later (after search step)

Course Development

Requirements

Motivation

Approach

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 14/21

Existing modules

Search modules

Suitable modules

Course with metadata

Define a course structure

Assemble course

Search

Metadata Editor

Presentation Generator

Release course

Uploader Structuring Tool

ExportModule Builder

Course Development: CourseBuilder

Ontology Browser

Search modules• for every specified module search suitable

module in module repositories• Search: Querying or browsing an ontology space

Course Development

Requirements

Motivation

Approach

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 15/21

Course Development: Search (1)

Course Development

Requirements

Motivation

Approach

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 16/21

Course Development: Search (2)

Course Development

Requirements

Motivation

Approach

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 17/21

Existing modules

Search modules

Suitable modules

Course with metadata

Define a course structure

Assemble course

Search

Metadata Editor

Presentation Generator

Release course

Uploader Structuring Tool

ExportModule Builder

Course Development: CourseBuilder

Ontology Browser

ModuleBuilderThis tool is used to deal with all aspects of a module

Assemble course• Adapt found modules to specific needs• Develop unavailable modules• Connect modules by adding course specific

(context specific) materials• Add metadata for the course• Generate a presentation for the course

Course Development

Requirements

Motivation

Approach

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 18/21

Existing modules

Search modules

Suitable modules

Course with metadata

Define a course structure

Assemble course

Search

Metadata Editor

Presentation Generator

Release course

Uploader Structuring Tool

ExportModule Builder

Course Development: CourseBuilder

Ontology Browser

Release course• upload and publish course• export course

Course Development

Requirements

Motivation

Approach

Summary

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 19/21

Summary (1)

• Basic Problem:• Courseware development extremely costly and

time consuming

• Desirable:• Reusable courseware, i.e. create courseware in a

way that allows to use parts of it in other contexts, for other audiences and by other educators

• But:• prevented by monolithic courses

• that do not separate contents from structure and presentation

• do not identify semantic units of teaching

Summary

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Approach

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 20/21

Summary (2)

• Our approach:• Divide contents into smallest semantic units• Combine related units to form modules• Separate different aspects:

contents, structure, presentation• Metadata standards• Ontology• Provide Tools to help

• devise a course structure• find existing materials that cover the topics needed• structure contents according to individual needs• adapt material to presentation requirements.

Summary

Requirements

Motivation

Course Development

Approach

SCORE – System for Courseware Reuse 21/21

Thank you!

Thank you for your attention!

Additional information can be found athttp://www.ipd.uni-karlsruhe.de/SCORE