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Secondary sources for National History Day
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Secondary Sources
“About Juliette Gordon Low." About Juliette Gordon Low. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Dec. 2014.
She wrote poems, sketched, acted in and wrote plays, and later
became a skilled painter and sculptor. This gave us an idea of what she
did in her spare time for fun.
"About The Dust Bowl." About The Dust Bowl. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This site gave us clear times for when the Dust Bowl struck the
hardest and when it ended. The Dust Bowl occurred after Low’s death.
"About the Great Depression." About the Great Depression. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Jan.
2015.
This website told us all about the Great Depression and how it
affected America. It was a hard time for the people.
Amandolare, Sarah. "On This Day: Juliette Gordon Low Founds Girl Scouts." On This
Day: Juliette Gordon Low Founds Girl Scouts. N.p., 12 Mar. 10. Web. 02
Dec. 2014.
This article tells us how Juliette sold a string of pearls for 8,000
dollars to be able to start the first troop. She sacrificed a lot for the Girl
Scouts.
Bellis, Mary. "History of Washing Machines." About.com Inventors. About.com, n.d.
Web. 07 Dec. 2014.
It gave us information on when and why the washing machine was
invented.
Binns, Corey. "Why Women Have Fewer Babies." LiveScience. TechMedia Network, 15
Feb. 2007. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This source told about why the number of babies born decreased. It
helped us get a view to write our perspectives.
Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2014.
This source summarized Juliette’s life, giving us an idea on what
she did. It told us that her father believed in the secession of the South
from the Union while her mother believed in abolition.
"Black History and the Girl Scouts of America." Welcome To The Black Box, Personal
Narratives in High Definition. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2014.
Juliette, by founding Girl Scouts, helped pave the way for equality.
It gave insight on different races, through Girl Scouts, achieved many
things.
“Boy Scouts movement begins.” 2014. The History Channel website. Oct 22 2014, 9:44
Web. 23 Nov. 2014.
Robert Baden-Powell, founder of Boy Scouts, influenced Juliette
Gordon Low to found the Girl Guides and then Girl Scouts.
Brown, Fern G., and Marie De John. Daisy and the Girl:The Story of Juliette Gordon
Low. Morton Grove, IL: A. Whitman, 1996. Print.
We made sure to include this book’s information to expand our
information on her background and the order of events that happened.
Burke, Kathryn. "Juliette Gordon Low Approved Die Proof." Juliette Gordon Low
Approved Die Proof. Smithsonian National Postal Museum, Feb. 2012.
Web. 05 Nov. 2014.
The Post Office Department honored Low by issuing a stamp in
1948. It was an achievement because not many women get put on a
stamp.
Bush, Laura. Message to the author. 3 Feb. 2015. Letter.
This letter told us about Laura Bush, former first lady and Girl
Scout. It talked about what she did when she was involved in Girl Scouts.
Cabrera, Kathy. "Juliette Gordon Low: Girl Scouts Founder." Camping Life Magazine.
N.p., 19 Mar. 12. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
This article tells us about what Girl Scouts has to offer to young
girls, what Low wanted for young women, activities they did, and more
information on the founding of Girl Scouts.
Cleere, Michelle. Perspective. Digital image. How Definitions Effect Your Performance.
N.p., 27 June 2012. Web.
We used this image for our section entitled perspectives. It shows
the definition and a picture of a building plan.
Cohen, Sandy. "The Religious Consultation on Population, Reproductive Health and
Ethics revisiting the World's Sacred Traditions." Birth Control Pills Helped
This told us how women were affected by birth control, which
happened right around the time Juliette founded Girl Scouts.
Congress, U. S., ed. "In Honor of the Girl Scouts of the USA." Congressional Record, V.
148, PT. 4, April 11, 2002 to April 24, 2002. N.p.: Government Printing
Office, 2002. 5294. Print.
This government document recognizes Low as they celebrate 90
years of Girl Scouts. It describes Girl Scouts as an organization that helps
girls rise to their fullest potential.
Cordery, Stacy A. Message to the author. 30 Nov. 2014. E-mail.
This message told us a great deal about Low’s life away from
everyone. It also showed what her goal was, and how she accomplished
it.
Cordery, Stacy A. N.d. Web. 15 Dec. 2014.
This photograph is a picture of Stacy A. Cordery.
Cordery, Stacy A. "Was Juliette Gordon Low a Suffragist?" Was Juliette Gordon Low a
Suffragist? N.p., 07 Dec. 2012. Web. 11 Jan. 2015.
This told us about Juliette Low’s views on women’s suffrage. It
spoke of different ways Low could be considered or not a suffragist based
on evidence.
Crichlow, Catherine A. "Low, Juliette Gordon" Learning to Give. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov.
2014.
Low’s father was a Confederate Captain in the Civil War, and her
first husband was a drunk. She played an important role in teaching
young women the meaning of civic engagement, service, and leadership.
Donnelley, R. R. "Girl Scouts." The World Book Encyclopedia. 2009. Print.
This article in the encyclopedia told that Girl Scouts is divided into
age groups. They focus on service projects, exploring possible career
choices, and self-improvement.
Eig, Jonathan. "The Team That Invented the Birth-Control Pill." The Atlantic. Atlantic
Media Company, 09 Oct. 2014. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
It told us the history behind the birth control pills and how it lowered
the number of births.
Elizabeth. "The National Women's Hall of Fame." Network of Enlightened Women RSS.
N.p., 24 May 2011. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
The National Women’s Hall of Fame was made to recognize
women who have done something memorable.
"Embracing Individuality Is Our Core Value." Girl Scouts. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
This article tells us about the diversity of girl scouts and how her
goal was to involve all girls. Juliette wanted rich, poor, and middle class
girls from all races to be able to be in girl scouts.
"Experience The Ordinary and the Extraordinary - Juliette Gordon Low Birthplace."
Juliette Gordon Low Birthplace. n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2014.
The site showed us pictures and told us about where Juliette
Gordon Low lived. It also told us about many of Juliette Gordon Low’s
project.
"Finding Purpose in Tragedy: Juliette Magill Kinzie Gordon." The Reservoir. N.p., n.d.
Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
Juliette, despite having faced many, many obstacles, still went on
and did the right thing. She was deaf in one ear, her husband had died
while in the middle of a divorce.
"Forever Green Day." Girl Scouts Heart Of Central California. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Nov.
2014.
It gave us a timeline of her life, with important details like where she
bought her first house and hospitals that she organized.
Gambino, Megan. "The Very First Troop Leader." The Very First Troop Leader.
Smithsonian, 7 Mar. 2012. Web. 22 Nov. 2014.
This article talked about her love for literature and how she had a
family commitment to duty. The article said her husband, Willy, did not
support women’s rights so she had to do these deeds in secret.
"Girl Scout Blog: Presidential Medal of Freedom to Be Awarded to the Founder of Girl
Scouts, Juliette Gordon Low." Web log post. N.p., 26 Apr. 2010. Web. 01
Dec. 2014.
President Obama has decided to award Juliette Gordon Low with
the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Also, in honor of Juliette Gordon Low,
Harry S. Truman signed a bill authorizing a stamp.
"Girl Scout Fun Facts." Examiner.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
In 1948, President Harry S. Truman authorized one of the few
stamps dedicated to women, and she was honored as a Georgia Women
of Achievement.
"Girl Scout History." Girl Scouts. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
In this website was the original version of The Golden Eaglet, the
Girl Scout-made video of what Girl Scouts did. It also gave us other places
we could look for information.
Girl Scout Logo. N.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This is the most recent logo for Girl Scouts. It is green with three
girl’s faces.
Girl Scout Troop. Digital image. The Bling Blog. N.p., 15 Jan. 2013. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This photo shows a modern-day Girl Scout Troop, with different
kinds of kids, showing that Girl Scouts do not discriminate.
"Girl Scout Week Observance Begins Today for 48 Paris Troops." N.p., 1950. Web. 1
Dec. 2014.
This newspaper tells us about the daily routine of the Girl Scouts in
1950 and other events. It was important to get a view of what Girl Scouts’
life was back then.
Grayzel, Susan R. "Changing Lives: Gender Expectations and Roles during and after
World War One." British Library. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2014.
This article talks about the effect World War I had on men and
women. It talks about cultural changes such as women having shorter
hair, and shorter clothes.
GSNETX. "On My Honor: Happy Birthday Juliette Gordon Low!" Scout Scoop. N.p.,
Web. 31 Oct. 2012.
This source talked about the growth of Girl Scouts and how the
original trefoil was changed.
Hartmann T, Susan M. "Camp Hale." Women & WWII. Twayne Publishers, n.d. Web. 18
Jan. 2015.
When the World War II began women were needed to help make
things that were needed: planes, tanks, ships, and weapons.
History.com Staff. "The Fight for Women’s Suffrage." History.com. A&E Television
Networks, 2009. Web. 05 Dec. 2014.
This website talks about the 19th Amendment to the Constitution
which gave women the right to deserve all the rights and responsibilities of
citizenship and more about women’s suffrage.
History: Juliette Gordon Low Biography." Girl Scouts of the USA: Official Web Site. Girl
Scouts of the USA, n.d. Web. 14 Oct. 2014.
This website showed just how much Juliette had an influence in the
world. The website proved how far her legacy went.
"History | Juliette Gordon Low Interactive Timeline." History | Juliette Gordon Low
Interactive Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
This timeline tells us about the life of Juliette from her childhood to
old age. The timeline tells us about her loss of hearing and her marriage. It
also give us video and pictures about the topics.
"Historymaster." Historymaster. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Dec. 2014.
This told us about Juliette’s family. Her father, W.W. Gordon, her
mother, Eleanor (Nelly) Lytle Kinzie, and her grandmother, the author of
The Chicago Massacre, were among those listed.
"History of Guiding." World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts -. N.p., n.d. Web.
30 Nov. 2014.
This told more about Robert and Agnes Baden-Powell. It was
crucial in understanding influences.
Jodi J. "Juliette Gordon Low, a Hero to All People." Start ASL. N.p., n.d. Web.
Today Juliette Gordon Low is not known for being a deaf person,
but a leader who helped girls strive in their mission by starting an
organization.
"Juliette Gordon Low: A Girl at Heart." PorterBriggscom Juliette Gordon Low A Girl at
Heart Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
This site told us about the call Juliette made to her cousin that
started Girl Scouts. It also talks about her life and the world at the time she
was born.
"Juliette Gordon Low." Deaf Is. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
This tells us about the development of Juliette’s deafness, her early
life, and how she helped the poor. She also remembered her roots of
poverty and went to visit people that were sick.
Juliette Gordon Low. Digital image. Southern Mom Life. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This photo showed Juliette posing for the photo.
"Juliette Gordon Low: Founder of the Girl Scouts | Chappell Great Lives Lecture Series."
Chappell Great Lives Lecture Series. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
This site tells us about how Juliette never gave up and how she
always made it through. It talks about the way she was raised, the way her
mother criticized her work, and other topics.
"Juliette Gordon Low." Girl Scouts of Ohio's Heartland. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Dec. 2014.
Juliette thought that every girl should be given the opportunity to
develop physically, mentally, and spiritually. For this reason Low created
Girl Scouts.
"Juliette Gordon Low, Girl Scout National Center." Juliette Gordon Low, Girl Scout
National Center. N.p., n.d. Web.
The first Girl Scout group was in Savannah, Georgia. She wanted
girls to have a chance to get out of their homes and into the world.
"Juliette Gordon Low: Girl Scouts Founder." Camping Life Magazine. N.p., n.d. Web. 24
Nov. 2014.
It showed us what Juliette thought about Girl Scouts and what she
wanted it to become. Also, it told us about the founding of Girl Scouts and
how it grew and thrived.
"Juliette Gordon Low." Infoplease. Infoplease, 2012. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
This gave us an idea of what Girl Scouts did, and what Juliette's
dreams for Girl Scouts were. She promoted diversity in Girl Scouts,
helping with equality issues.
Juliette Gordon Low (1860-1927) | New Georgia Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov.
2014.
This mostly talked about her death and marriage life.
"Juliette Gordon Low." YourDictionary, n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.
It told us what type of things she did during her life, influences, and
accomplishments. She also had a gift for pursuing the arts and enjoyed
writing and acting in the plays that the children put together.
"Juliette Low." Magnolia School District. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2015.
The Juliette Low School is inspired by Low and her doings. It gave
many girls the opportunity to prove themselves and be independent.
Jumara, George. Juliette Gordon Low Federal Building. N.d. Savannah, Georgia. Web.
21 Jan. 2015.
This picture shows the Georgia federal building named after Low, in
her honor.
Keena, Katherine. Message to the author. 22 Jan. 2015. E-mail.
This interview was with a lady who works at the Juliette Gordon
Low Birthplace. She gave us brief answers about herself and her job.
Kins, Casey. "Juliette Gordon Low: The Best Scout of Them All." If My Hands Could
Speak. N.p., 3 Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.
She had many diseases but worked through it all to found one of
the most widespread organizations.
Kleiber, Shannon H. "Juliette Gordon Low, Who Had No Children of Her Own, Started
Girl Scouts in 1912." Washington Post. The Washington Post, 9 Mar.
2012. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
Juliette Gordon Low helped girls become leaders. The first Girl
Scouts got to know Daisy personally, and they thought of her as a quirky,
funny type of person.
Kleiber, Shannon H. Message to the author. 22 Jan. 2015. E-mail.
This interview told us her motives about writing a book and having
her troop.
"Liberty Ship Nomenclature." Armed Guard - The Liberty Ships. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan.
2015.
This website told us about the Liberty Ship named after Low. The
information was used in recognition.
"Living With War: Women and War." Focus on World War II: Women and War on
YourDiscovery.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2015.
At first women were found at home, but soon they started working
on land and performing civil defense duties. This information was crucial
to our World War I tab.
Low Portrait. N.d. Always Savannah. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
Juliette Gordon Low is dressed in a pink gown, and the bottom tells
what Juliette Gordon Low did.
Mather, Mark. "World Population Data Sheet 2012." Fact Sheet: The Decline in U.S.
Fertility. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This gave us statistics in fertility, which helped support our thesis.
Women could do more things once birth control helped clear more time.
McCaffery, Nancy. 2014. Bakersfield. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This a picture we used for our interview. It is a picture of our
subject, Nancy McCaffery.
McCaffery, Nancy. Message to the author. 21 Feb. 2015. E-mail.
This interview told us why she enjoys being a troop leader.
National Council Session. 2014. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This photo shows how large Girl Scouts and how far its reach
extended, and shows Low’s dream of Girl Scouts becoming huge came
true.
N.d. Alaska Public Media. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This photo showed Low with Girl Scouts. It gave us an idea of what
Low did with the organization that she founded.
N.d. Brooklyn Public Library, New York. “Celebrating a Century of Girl-Scouting: 1913-
2013” Exhibition. Web.
This photo showed us how far Low’s reach extended, and how long
her legacy lasted.
N.d. Juliette Gordon Low. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
Daisy standing as a young child, and Low attaching a badge to a
girl scout’s uniform.
N.d. National Women's Hall of Fame, Seneca Falls, New York. Womens Rights Hall of
Fame in Seneca Falls New York. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This is the symbol of the National Women’s Hall of Fame, the most
prestigious group one can get into. Low was highly recognized when she
was accepted in.
N.d. One of Many Famous Deaf Women in the History. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This shows the stamp that was dedicated to her, with the words
“Founder of the Girl Scouts of the USA” on it. It tells us of her legacy.
Nichols, John. "Stand With the Girl Scouts." The Nation. N.p., 6 Feb. 2014. Web. 01
Dec. 2014.
This shows that the meaning behind Girl Scouts is to learn and
embrace the values you are taught as a scout.
"Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Women's Right to Vote."National
Archives and Records Administration. National Archives and Records
Administration, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2015.
We used this government website to learn about the 19th
amendment and included some of the information when we talked about
women’s rights.
"Points of Light." Juliette Gordon Low. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
This told us the points that Juliette addressed when she founded
Girl Scouts. She addressed equal opportunities for girls and women,
health, education, and the environment.
"Preserving the Culture and Heritage of Girl Scouts for Future Generations." Juliette
Gordon Low. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2014.
This website gave us an image of what Juliette accomplished and
did in her life, with everything from diseases that she had to her life as a
child.
Presidential Medal of Freedom. N.d. Presidential Medal of Freedom to Be Awarded to
the Founder of Girl Scouts, Juliette Gordon Low. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This picture shows the Medal of Freedom. It is a huge honor to receive,
and Low earned it.
Reinhardt, Claudia. "Farming in the 1940s." Victory Gardens during World War II.
Ganzel Group, n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2015.
When food was unable to get around, the government encouraged
people to have their own gardens and grow their own food. We found
more about the victory gardens and how people were contributing to the
war effort.
"Robert Baden-Powell." Bio. A&E Television Networks, 2015. Web. 03 Jan. 2015.
We learned why he founded Boy Scouts and included this
information on the section that talks about him. He was in the military and
figured out one of his textbook were used to teach young men on wood
crafting.
Sims, Anastatia. "Juliette Gordon Low (1860-1927)." New Georgia Encyclopedia. 15
September 2014. Web. 06 Oct. 2014.
She was buried in her Girl Scout uniform, as requested.
Spanning the Decades. N.d. Juliette Gordon Low Birthplace, Georgia. Web. 21 Jan.
2015.
This photo shows Low in the background while a troop leader gives
a girl a trophy. This showed us how Low affected the Girl Scouts by
showing her interaction with the quickly growing group.
Speakeasy. The Six Secrets the Girls Scouts Have Kept for a Century. Web. 21 Jan.
2015.
Juliette Low with a girl scout troop saluting. This showed us how
interactive Low was with the organization.
Stevenson, David. "Aftermath." The British Library. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Dec. 2014.
The Treaty of Versailles caused Germany to lose one-tenth of their
land and many other treaties, such as the Neuilly, Sèvres, Saint-Germain,
and Trianon were formed after World War I.
Stoling, Mary K. Message to the author. 30 Nov. 2014. In-Person.
This interview told us more about the personal story behind being a
Girl Scout and what one did as one.
Stolting, Mary K. N.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
This picture of Mary Stolting was used for the interview portion of
our website.
Stoling, Sabrina. Message to the author. 30 Nov. 2014. In-Person.
This interview focused more on the troop Ms. Stolting leads, and
what their troop did. It also talked about how she believed Low affected
the girls today.
Stolting, Sabrina. N.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
This is a picture of Sabrina Stolting, someone we interviewed.
S.505 - A Bill to Designate the Federal Building to Be Constructed in Savannah,
Georgia, as the "Juliette Gordon Low Federal Building". N.p., n.d. Web. 15
Nov. 2014.
In February 17, 1983 the bill to make a memorial of Low in
Savannah, Georgia as the “Juliette Gordon Low Federal Building” was
introduced to the Senate, and in November 12, 1983 it became public law
# 98-205.
Taylor, Erica L. "Little Known Black History Fact: The First Black Girl Scouts of
America." Black America Web RSS. N.p., 2 Sep. 2013. Web.
This article states that in 1917, five years after Girl Scouts was
founded, the first African American troop was introduced. After it was
founded many other ethnicities formed troops, and years later all kinds of
race served for the Girl Scouts as a board member.
"The Fight for Women’s Suffrage." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 03
Jan. 2015.
It explained more on the women's suffrage and helped us gain
background information on the Progressive Era. It showed how women
were treated at the time.
The Liberty Ship "Juliette Low" 1944. Girl Scouts in World War II. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
This shows the Liberty ship that was named in honor of Low, a
great women. It is proof of her amazing legacy.
"The Progressive Movement." The Progressive Movement. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Dec.
2014.
The website gave us the knowledge that the Progressive
Movement, or the time when women started fighting for rights, began right
around the time that Juliette was born and founded Girl Scouts.
Thompson, Kathleen. "The First, and Best, Girl Scout." Wordspinning by Kathleen. N.p.,
15 Jan. 2013. Web.
The journalist was friends with Arthur Gordon, Low’s nephew, and
she recounted the interview they had about her Low’s life.
Urban, Cori. "Prominent Area Women Started as Girl Scouts." Masslive.com. N.p., 9
Mar. 2012. Web. 01 Dec. 2014.
This showed how being a Girl Scout affected a woman, through the
amazing things these ladies have accomplished. One former Girl Scout
was the governor of Massachusetts.
Wadsworth, Bill. Ginger Wadsworth. Digital image. n.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
Ginger Wadsworth smiling for the camera.
Wadsworth, Ginger. First Girl Scout: The Life of Juliette Gordon Low. Boston: Clarion,
2012. Print.
This book gave an overview of Low’s life and what she achieved.
We used this book to talk about the wars and her early life.
Wadsworth, Ginger. Message to the author. 16 Dec. 2014. E-mail.
This email told as all about Low’s hopes and dreams for her
organization, and how she did what she wanted, not caring what others
believed.
"Women in the Progressive Era." Women in the Progressive Era. The National
Women's History Museum, n.d. Web. 07 Dec. 2014.
It tells about women’s status during the progressive movement,
clubs the women joined, and birth control. It also gave us some images
about the Progressive Movement.
"Women's Anti-Suffrage Movement." The Ultimate History Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 15
Dec. 2014.
This website told us about what the anti- suffrage perspective. It
also spoke of Roosevelt’s relevance in the women’s right’s movement.
"Women's Roles in 1912." A Look Thru Time. N.p., 1 June 2013. Web. 16 Nov. 2014.
Women had to cook, clean the house, and care for the children in
the early 1900’s. They were not allowed to vote, own property, or work
outside the home if married.
Zainaldin, Jamil S., and John C. Inscoe. "Progressive Era." New Georgia Encyclopedia.
16 September 2014. Web. 07 December 2014.
The website discusses the beginnings of the progressive
movement and many other aspects of the movement. It declares that the
end of their efforts was to win the right to vote.
"Zonta Service Projects." Hands On Service. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
The website told us what type of honors Juliette received. She
earned a U.S. postal stamp with a picture of her on it. Also, she had a
school and a federal building named after her.