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SECURITY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS
IN THE UNITED STATES
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
OUTLINE FOR THIS PRESENTATION
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
Security of nuclear materials in the U.S. before and after September 11, 2001
Issuance of increased security orders to nuclear materials licensees, and subsequent inspections
Final rulemaking to incorporate increased security orders into the regulatory framework
Overview of these additional security requirements for industrial radiography operations
THE EVENTS OF SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 CHANGED THE WAY THE UNITED STATES LOOKED AT NUCLEAR
SECURITY
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
NUCLEAR SECURITY BEFORE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
Before 9/11, robust security rules were only in place for nuclear power plants and enrichment facilities
NUCLEAR SECURITY BEFORE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
Nuclear materials licensees only had to comply with basic security requirements
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
After 9/11, we had to change our mind set about the safety-security interface
Increasing the security of nuclear materials could promote public health and safety on a large scale
NUCLEAR SECURITY AFTER SEPTEMBER 11, 2001
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
Since rule making takes time, we had to find a way to increase the security of nuclear materials in the interim
NUCLEAR SECURITY AFTER SEPTEMBER 11, 2001
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
The NRC issued security orders to licensees authorized to possess nuclear materials, to include industrial radiography companies
These radiography licensees were issued the Increased Controls Order, which required them to enhance their security measures by including such elements as the ability to monitor, detect, assess, and respond to any actual or attempted theft of nuclear material
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
OUTREACH TO REGULATED COMMUNITY
The NRC discussed the upcoming changes to the security rules in several ways:• Published new requirements in the
Federal Register• Held stakeholder/public meetings to
discuss these new requirements with radiographers
• Published guidance on ways to comply with new security requirements
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
After these increased security orders were issued to industrial radiography licensees, the NRC would perform unannounced inspections annually
Some of these inspections were performed at the licensee’s main office, and some of the inspections were performed at temporary job sites
Some of the locations inspected were radiography trucks parked in hotel parking lots, restaurants, and actual work locations
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
Questions about the issuance of security orders ?
PHYSICAL PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS FOR CATEGORY 1 AND CATEGORY 2 QUANTITIES OF
RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
BACKGROUND INVESTIGATIONS:ARE THEY TRUSTWORTHY?
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
Workers that are granted unescorted access to nuclear material must have a background check that includes:
• Fingerprinting• Verification of true identity• Employment history verification• Education verification• Personal reference checks
PHYSICAL PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS DURING USE AND STORAGE
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
• Licensees shall have the ability to monitor, detect, assess, and respond to any unauthorized access to nuclear materials
• Nuclear material shall be secured behind two physical barriers when not in use
• Information detailing the security plan must be protected from unauthorized disclosure
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
PHYSICAL PROTECTION DURING TRANSPORT AND TRANSFER
Licensees transferring nuclear material to another licensee are required to verify that the license is valid, and authorizes receipt of that type of material
Licensees shipping nuclear material are required to pre-plan and coordinate the shipment with the company they are sending it to
Licensees are required to use shipping companies that have package tracking systems
IN SUMMARY The United States has taken large measures to
increase the security of nuclear materials since 9/11
Even with the increased security measures in place, NRC inspectors still occasionally find unsecured radiography cameras containing nuclear material
Questions ???
U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION
Protecting People and the Environment
