Sedley - Epicurus de Natura 28

8/18/2019 Sedley - Epicurus de Natura 28

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h ed n1 a h r ened ver n f a hef r he degree f PhD.u u O Na u Book xt a at o a d omme a yb t ed

he Un ver y f nd n nhe he pre ent papyr g anf r at n n wha be eve be he nly a fac ry way f r a Her ane papyr

ha every ' ed ted l n f e t a pan ed by b th ap graphwhehe e ex by a d p a tran cr p f he e ter wh ch rv ve n hepapyr

dayand by apapyr g cal c en ary n wh h every n er a n a e ana y edn er f a the p b e etter wh h t c d repre en even e f the e gh appear be r ed n ph l g a gr nd . fany h ng

le than h nf r a n g ven he reader ha n rel ab e ba n wh ch tp p e new nject ral read ngRegre tab y the e genc e f pa e ake h a y e f pre enta n p

b e n h ar cle have af nd n at fac ry t nden ey papyrl g al appara by re tr c ngt th e ne wh e read ng c n der t be

pen d b f r an ed t r nn b e pe ted d t ng h ' cer a n fr' n er a n nject ral read ng n h wn te t w th ent bje v ty and

ay we l be t tally n pec ng f h t er err r heref re ratherthan g ve a pa t al papyr l g ca appara wh h pre end c p e ene

have ch en d pen e w h t a ta ly and t pre ent ply an ed tedte A he a e e tretha y f l papyr g al en aryeven fnp bl hedw l at any ra e re a n ava ab e n he ab ve ent ned the {

My nk r ci lly du t r AA. L n r i c n t nt uid nc durinmy w rk n t i t xt; t t C ntr nt r

i n 1 p r l tud d i p iri rc l n i 'r t w rd b r di tudi r

1 t J nu ry t 30 t pt mb r 1971, durinw ic ri d t bu k t i r rc wc rri d ut in l nd t PrM Gi

nt r i pit lity nd i t nc durint m ri d

2 C E GuRNER, Greek Pap ri, An ntrod t on x rd 968 p 70-1

Bibliograph ( Modern Work u u l ycit d im ly by t ut r n m but itw r m r w rk by t m ut r rin t bibli r p y t tit , r n bbrvi d m it i includ d in t cit ti n

UN SEN L ,Fragment of a Philo ophi alText mb l l nJJ1966, p 5 20

RNI H v n,Stoi or m Veter m Fragmenta(Lip i 1903 5);R! HETT G ,S l alore

di 'E IAO ZOM I, 'E II O MO ,I AO I ,nel i tema epi reo PdP1952pp 119 1 ;Epi ro, Opere, T rin 1960(19732 La tr tt ra dell'Ep tola di Epi·

roa Pito e, C1X (1967), pp 117-128 (r print d in r nc , in A c.G BudA te d /m ongr , P ri 1968); ln ovo frammento di Epi ro pre o Didimo

ie o, in St dia Ron oni (R 197 )

5 D D ED E

21 8 L opera


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do 1971) pp 58-74 o G A AA sthes sps s and ngu t c Theor n Ep curus,CS 18 ( 971 ,PP 14 133;M

ber d e Zu e ung we er Ep kur FragmentePh lologus IC(1955) pp 93 111;

S E Gr mmat k der Gr ech schen Papyraus der Ptolem erze t( e pz g a d Berl I ,

906 I 938 I 193 II 926II 1933 II ,934 (= S ) edH cHM vol I , Berl1970 (= S ·

c M I ) U R Sur le concept dePhys s dans la ph losoph e p cur enne dudro t, Actes V Congr s Bud(P r s 969),pp 305 3 8 0 Ph lodemus on theGood K ng Accord ng to Homer,


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(b Ed ns

Ha er h mse f prepare n manus r p an e on ofH c 14 9(he neversaw Pap141 ons s ng of ex an a n rans a on was no pub shebu s preserve n he Bo e an brar Ha er s Greek waspoor anh s ex g ves no oheren sense bu o as ona he spo e he orre rea ngwhere o hers have s n e m sse The Nap es apographs were engrave an pub she nVH V 1866 37 54The engrav ngs are no a wa s a ura e an shou be use w h au on Pho ographs of he Oxfor apographs wer pub she n1890The rs ser ous s ho ar o a k e h s ex was T Gomperz who n1867, anaga n n876 pub she some of he be er preserve passages on he bas sof 0 an he pub she engra ngs ofNH Usener no n u e he pap rus fragmen s of Ep urus n h sEp c a,re ogn s ng ha he engrav ngs ofN he on ex ua sour e ava ab eoh m were an nsu en bas s for he r e phermen Bu pr va e he pro

u e man on e ura rea ngs for he surv v ng books of hesp c Wn u ng Book XXV an hese are preserve n h s unpub sheGl a m

Ep c The s a emp o pub s a fu ex of Book XXV was ma e b A Cosa nw h he ass s an e of H vonArn m nHermes)) 1894 Cosa n base h se on on0 an N mak ng no use of he or g na a hough h s was ava ab e

o h m The resu s a ex of e a ura or wor h was no un1928 ha an e on base on he pap rus emerge Th s was

pub she b A Vog ano n h s mpor an bookS p a s a on se ans ho ar work an has b n nva uab e o e n he prepara on of h s newe on Cons er ng he poor gh on ons n wh h Vog ano hao rea

he pap rus an he fa ha he no use a b no u ar m ros opebu ona magn f ng g ass he manage o ex ra a ommen ab e amoun of ma er afrom Never he ess h s e on s e en n se era respe s Man workab e

fragmen s are om e man rea ngs are n orre an manv app anp are n orpora e n he ex A so he of en assume he orre ness ofa rea ng g ven one of he apographs where even a g an e a he pap ruswou have o h m ha was fa se He ev se a omp ex s s em of bra ke ng

o s ngu sh e ers s preserve n he pap rus from hose wh h h epreserve n he apographs are now os n he pap rus se f bu pro ee e

o use h s s s em w h a h gh eg ee of na uraVog ano manage on he who e o res ra n h mse f from supp emen ng he exw h ex ravagan on e ures Mos of he ases whe e he fa e n h s res ra

an be ra e ba k o he n uen e of h s fr en R Ph ppson Ph ppson

ee §1e

6T ese e12 III 3-1 1 V su . 3 nf V13 s p. V sup , X1 su -X1s p XI1 nf -XIII 6 s p n the t ns be the t t e n13 X

h mse fpu she n1929 an ar e base on Vog ano s ex s a work7Neue rE ikur und ne Schulmoreof mag na on han of s ho arsh p propos ng he mos ou rageous supp emen s on he s es of ex ua ev en e A bes su h ex ravagan es wbe gnore a wors be eve n1932K von Fr z pub she h s rev ew of Vo-g an s e on mak ng a s n ere a emp o s a w h n he boun s of heev en e He re ogn ses he fau s of Ph ppson s approa h bu s no o asu essfu n avo ng hem h mse f He ba es va an w h he argumen

on a ne n he na o umns ofhe book bu fa s o unrave Th s fa ures ems arge from h s a ep an e of Ph ppson s m s aken h po hes s ha he

7 V E LE


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((h W h >193(C R 1929

0 An (1973 [31 d 6] 619

V1-1 12 I1-12 13IV -1 h s

av p ish d d s ss s arti Ai the i Pr lep nd ng i iche ry in E c ru

Cf 0 RR Y R » 1965 163

tr § 1

Megar a r e o he overe Fa her s v r ua he so3co V o he e o he book Bu ma s a ces he v c m oVog a o s m srea gs o he ex I he same ear Phrep e e g h mse aga Fr z s cr c sms

Ba e a so rev ewe Vog a o s e o w h somuse u comme s o he ex

A er h s a burs o eres Book VIII eu 9 ,whe G Arr ghe c u e h s e o oH s ex s base o Vog a o s rea gs a corporao Ph ppso a o Arr ghe h mse I s accompaa br e comme ar He a s o e ew agme rom h s

a oo he pap rusa o e ur her ragme heseco e ohe I rece ve heoppor u o s u he pap rus Nap

Ja uar a ep ember9 I was or u a e hav g he use o hm croscopes w h wh ch hOf c na d ap Erc lans ow equ ppea was hus ab e o make ma correc o s a a o sVog a o s eI Apr o ha ear I was o e or wo weeks b r Area gso severa ragme s o he pap rus Our co aborgrea va ue o me a hough here are a ew rea gs a poa oo wh ch we sagree

c Ord r f Fragm n s

The pap rus s preserve 12c rn c bu brokeup o29 separa e p eceso wh ch5 co a he upper par s o co um s a4 co a he ower pB ragme s mea a s g e s re ch o pap rus w h wseque ce o co um s ca be guara ee Fr3 s broke up o hree ua hree owe par s, bu ever he ess co s u es a s g eco a she as 12 co um s o he book u broke seque cebe p ace o he arb rar or ero co um s a op e e her0 or N h cha wa co a osma propor o o he o a preserve exF agme sco a g he upper par s o co um s I abe sArab c umera s o13 om g wo ragme s wh ch have o herpap r Those co a g he ower par s o co um

e ersA o (om g I w h he excep o o hose whw h he op par s o he co um s r3, o wh ch see be ow We hav bas so wh ch o ma ch up rr 1-12 w h h more meagre m ex I s mp g ve he co e s o eachc rn c ur rs a he upar so co um s co a e he a he ower par sThe o um s w h a ragme are umbere seque c

umera sI m exuse ore ha o e a er ou o a s g e o um

owes ( e he ear es a er a > h ex«b a so o I ac (a s ke o be o gup o our co um s ear er ha a er (b) To a ers app es o w h a s g e co um Thus ca

ha or examp e r H co I a be o gs o he same a er I r5 he s ua o s a· e more comp ca e or wo e

vo ve uper c a here appears o be a s mp e seque ce obu o c oser spec o co III, wh ch Arr ghe s ex

C ON C COL 8


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urns ou o be composed of wo layers. f hese col II a is on he sameevel as col I and col.III b is on he same level as oII and col IV Thushe correc sequence is probably I, III a, IIIII b IV, wi h one column los

be ween I and III a, and maybe ano her los be ween III a and II.In fr. 13 he upp r and lower par s of he columns correspond andI herefore dono number he lower par s as cons i u ing a separa e fragmen

I have been compelled o abandon Vogliano's numbering of he fragmen s andcolumns, since i does no allow for he exis ence of he many passages whichhe does no include in his own edi ion.

(d G nuin and Spurious Fragm nt

Two small fragmen s belonging o o her papyri are acciden ally included amonghose of our own papyrus: one ncornic 1 be ween fr B and fr. C and one

on cornic 6 before fr. 7 This is clear no only from he di eren hands inwhich hey are wri en bu also from he di eren ex ure of he papyrus i selO her han hese, all of he fragmen s preserved in he welvecornici belong

o he one roll.

The fragmen which appears as fr 5 in my ex was said by Vogliano 14 andF Cas aldi5 o be misplaced fromPH r 1431which con ains ano her b oof heI spl ' Ucew�Indeed Arrighe i includes in his edition ofPHer . 143no only he four columns of his fragmen , bu also one column of ano hefragmen 16 which happens o be preserved on the samecornic Vogliano'sargumen s for he re alloca ion of he fragmen in· ques ion are based on i shandwri ing or hography and column wid h. Ye in all hese respec s i urnsou on close examina ion o ma ch our papyrus exac ly and o di er considerablyfrom Pap 1431. Fur hermore dis gni of he fragmen are included among heOxfor apographs which Hay er brough away from Naples in ebruary806;whereas Pap. 1431 was no even unrolled un il1808. The fragmen can hus becon den ly res ored o our papyrus .

(e) Apograph and D tach d Fragm nt

Bo h he0 and N apographs of our papyrus were drawn by he Neapoli an draugh sman C . Orazi in1804 and 1808 respec ively. The lower halves of he columns areno included in0, since PHe 1417was no unro led un il1 0 af er Hay erdepar ure from Naples Nei her has been al ered by he la ercorr tto whoseknowledge of Greek ended o impair heir objec ivi y0 in i s margins shows a o al of24 fragmen s bro en o from he main bodyof he papyrus he fragmen s hemselves have now been los . In every casebu one 0 places hem wi h grea accuracy longside he lacunae in which heybelong; and some im�s also copies hem in o heir original posi ion. he oneexcep ion is10 I l6 9,where he fragmen preserved by0 in he righ handmargin canno be ed in o he eI herefore adop he hypo hesis ha iwas a sovrappo to, removed by hedis gnator in order o read he ex under-nea h. label i 0 I b.In he margins of fr. 13 col VIII sup. 0 preserves wo fragmen s alongside

14

S ripta p XV.5I two m ote , o o orni e 5 o

papy us d the othe on orn ce 1 of PH143

6Fr 6 i my text

.14 18 of which Vogliano17 wri es


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i 1

cr XV

Cf r §

2 {{Riv F C ass1 05 0 8

X 00 0 1

a a be ee m ex he we he a a he e behe a

13 V14 1 up0 g ve a f agme wh h V g a wr g1 bea here a he e h w he marg f0 b w fa

a a a he he mab f he ex he ame pwh h0h w Bu he e er wh h appear 0 be g ao ppo oa er

A few e er f he re a er a be er e aex f he mWhe wa prepare he e a he fragme ep e 0 ha a rea bee

B a ew ef f ee h fragme e a he fr m wer parf he um ha me be g; a he e were a raw

a aga h ugh a wa b raz h m e f hhe ex .

The e grav g f p b he VH V 3 54,are e ep f r her frhe r g a . Par a ra e f e erpar u ar are f e a ra

a fragme ep e b he marg are h w phe exw h a ha he are e a he f r aa pre e he re r f ge era ava a

h u be u e f a a w h grea a(f)The D men on

The ex wr e m w h a average w h 4 5 m e he br ke ha f bef re wa pe e a e ra e f e

ha he mber f e a um a ma er f r g e w rk V g ag vehe mber a32 r33 a h eem me be a rea ab e g ehe a a fr3 V appare req re a m m m

mp e e he e e b ha fr13 X ur he m e wh e e e a r re eem ar e a e e b

ha a few e are The pa e be wee um av1 mThe marg ef b a k a he hea f he ex eem hver 5 m ha a he f ab u3 m The e f h pr bab eave pa e f r h a be a e be ea fThe rema f he pap ru a fragme f a ea68 m The

u e he erm a er f he r wh h harb a a amp a ru a ha be amage e ra par be u r C eq e kehe e re r a e mu h e ha a hu re

33 e per um w u make me3,300 eTh mpa e weIBpi cv Bw' B k XV He 115 wh h a r g he h

a a he e f he ex a e3 00 e a pr ve C ahe r ha a ex f h e g h mu havee w r e er a h me r a a he e fH r 1148 a g e Ucew�

B k X V Th ha bee var u m rea b Ba VM w rea g f he pap r g e a XXX HH HH[ Th appearbe rr p pr bab hr gh graph f H b w u a wa be be wee3 500a 3 999 wh h aga mpare w h he e g h f ex .

N L N


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( )Orthogr phy and andwrit n

I h r l st all our t t d v r ences from th standard ortho raphy found nh cod c s of Ep curus thr e tt r ,K pt L06 and Gnom V ,althou h

I do not m an to mply that th ortho raphy of the cod c s s n c ssar ly cloto Ep curus' o n

nal, follo ed by a lab al, thout except on becom sfollo by a ut ural,t n about30% of cas becomey m d al, foll ed by a uttural, n on

ca rema ns unas m lated2 8 II 9 po v v xa m d al, follo d by0 or A,b comes :2513 IV 2 n£ y V 1(not pr nted n te t) yA .

frequently be om once v n n the au ment of a verb,3 V 9 sup.vwv he term nat on som t me becom ss , both a a rst de

cl n on dat ve s n ular and a a th rd person s n ular act v subjunct ve term nat on27 t s never ubscr pt, al ays adscr pt t s som t me ncorr ctlyom t ed, and oft n ncorrectly add d after a lon vo eOther d v r ences ncludeyiyvo ' (for ivof C), y yv w(for y v wthe optat v t rm nat on-W[ Y for [ Jv), nd oUOd JOdand co natforms (for oU&d d t ) ° h asp rated formo &d tandardAtt cortho raphy after330 B C Ourscr be has syst mat cally r v rt d to theuna p rated form perhaps as an nt nt onal archa sm,and n th proc ss he

eems n o e cas 1I 10 to have acc d ntally altered ou"w ( fo w ) to JO o hwm stak n t for an asp rated form ofOd .

s n th other orks of Ep curus th r s l ttle or no ort to avo d h atu .Ev n o w th ut nal s found once th a vo l follo n13 II 12sup ) Cr s s s common l s on s comparat v ly rar (only monosyllabl andd yllabl s ar el d d, and even the e only h n th follo nord clos ll nked th them n s ns ), a fact h ch ca ts doubt on many of Vo l ano s andPh l ppson propos d r ad n

he paragraph th only form f punctuat on us d h nd of th bookmarked by a paragraphu accompan ed by an mb ll sh d (forAo

resembl n that at th nd ofPHer 15 152(Ph lod muDe dh papyrus s r tt n n a mall, pla n, rr ular, rect l near hand,th f

lett r jo n d and fe ser ph he s z of l tt rs var es cons d rably, th thenumber p r l ne vary n fromt 25, and th the r br adth and spac nd creas n cons derably to ards l n end Wh r most scr bal hands app ar or st th r lett rs above an ma nary stra ht l n , t s charact r t c of oursto susp nd th mbelow a l ne, th nly and extend n above t.

(h) Pro enan e

h exemplar from h ch our papyrus as cop d conta ned about20 l tt rsto the l n , to ud from th t o rro s n th t t caus d by homo ot l uton

n the archetype the ord] p wv b lo th t tl n fr1 co .III have b n correctly nterpret d, th s arch typ may ell havbe n anAthen an one dat n back to Ep curus o n l fet m n h ch case our papyru

s more l kely to hav be n cop ed from t n Ath n than n t ly. h lendssom upport to th thes of V o l ano 5 nd Cr n rt that om o th te tsof Ep curus found at H rculan um are cop es mad n th ard n ts lf

erhaps they su e t, as early as the th rd c nturyB

V E LE

MGH M I5

" MGH 5 · MGH5 5 M Y -

MGH M Y

MGH 7 M Y h gr ph d rd A

fr m I II ce ur .C

E.g f (poUrsv.

E g nMGH 55 M Y

3 f MGH , M - U pp X X I

zSee pp 5

I cr l m f 0 er II n£., r l mle er : ee In §

4See c mme r d l cT p� 6 zW£X In r du n p

3 G m n .


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I tr § g

S abov

S _I r . §g

«Mus lv> 9 4p 94.

& [ ] w. 7Sp 8V < XIII 9 CEr ] 4

f A ar 4

IV 4 3 V £

C t him a thi t ti th t i t mi ati -e i m th papy i Epi ( i i g i ta a th g aphy i Atti i ipti . St i t y h w v

hi p v w that th t t wa w itt i Ath at it t a mi i a thi w a a y w t th a . F t

th g aphy papy i t ti y Atti a w hav

t w th Atti p a ti i gU& [�a g at m t i t th a pi at mU d�.·O th g aphi vi p v a t at with a ti .

(i) Corr on nd S hol

A th i t i a ti whi h t a viv a w itha i a a i Tw i pa ag t imy t xt1 V a 15 "]P upsTc ;a K II 5 i . < c& vo .Th th app ai my t xt 4 IV 1 12II 5 a 1 VII 8 i I4 IV 1 th ti

ta t a th th i a i q t y w itt i a mTh tt whi h pi v i t thma gi a a mpa i yth ig IZ

ath th a t B· .I a agai D . I a a ta gap a t2 5 m th a t a th th i wI ta t th mai h ia.Th ha i t that th i ww t th papy , I i v that it i th ha th 8a th gh it m it i m way .That B I i iph a , t that D I a yi t l wit a

&e [n] [ v"P P [c wv

N t that i th i th papy th h ia t th aU%d�9Th y th h i that ha a i v i a papy_i th i I e cE B XIV(P r . 1148 ,th p i a th hip whi h i i y V g ia 4 Th ha i wh h it i w ittpp a ·t

i t m that h i a th ghw t th att p v that it i ha t tai .

§ 2 Th Work a)Th Li r ry Form.

Epi th c w�i B XXVIII a i q ,41 m a i g that th w att mpt t t t hi t

at a . Th g a q ti th t t thw�ha w i yG A igh tti 4B XX III a xt iv y with pi t m gi a q ti ati ga q t y t pa t i i th am th m . It

m 4 that th pa t i i w i a a i thI cew£p ia y a t t t tai t tw th w E

at t pi .44 N v th , th vi i pa t t i

CR ACHE ERC A E 2


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ar y a primary a m f t b k is b k s d t b s as p m ai ara t r r t r fri d y r f r s ar mad t M ar a d tri s 45b t avt sp t stim y f13 f t at a dra - t a t M ar a p m d bi appr priat

t t s addr ss d t M tr d r s i pr s f t r m mb rs f ts 6 a d mak s fr q t r f r s t M tr d r s' vi s b t pasa d pr s t d fr m t s rv v p rt s f t t t, M tr d r s as

sp ak part, b t s vi s a d mm ts ar r ay d s by Epi rD a 7 as pr p s d t at t s ps d *d a f rm s at s m a t Ep

r a t rm y byOt o t � s t rm a rta y b tra s at d< ·d s ss l b t a ai s a t m st b said t at t r is y as

r Ot Ao tc oar r ss y sa d t v v m r t a part pa tt at Ep r s s s t t rm t ab s m s as s tt rs t H r d t sa d Pyt s,5 a d t at s d a tSy s a a d by t rma

am O o o5r ar s v ra passa s i r t a b adj d d t r pr s t, t

s m t m s fra m tar y t v s f M tr d r s 5 t rary sty f B kXX is rtai y dd by t sta dards f t

s rv v Atti pr s fr m t pr v s t t ri s B t t s d b b r m d t at t is s a H st rk, a d t at av mparat v y fH l st pr s t s it t mpar t

yp a f at r s ar t -av da f iat s t ar ss s f m ds a da d t s s 54 a d a a t5

b)The E l t f Ep e C

Litt s as b mad f t fra m ts f te Ucewas a r i as r f r t v pm t f Ep r s t tY t I e l < c W£XXits lf a s s t mps t pr ss f d s ssi a d r v si r

st i b i d t s s d t ri r t y ars aft r ts f dat at f s,att mpt a br f r i a a a ys s f t v l t frta asp ts f E r s Ca

O r dat t r a f r z U ew�ar as f s S it s sty d ax Xc £ 1 )Ep r s is k y t av star d rit it b r

f d d s s i06 B C N r a av start d t aft r06 si k t at i 00/299 ad a r ady r a d B kX fr m t arar v b t t t PHe )B kXX as r tt i296/5

fr m t ar y ar iv b t t t i r papyr s) H s tp b t00 299a d 296/ t r f r av a d t a d a a b ks a y ar ass m ,

as t si s t f B kXX s sts t at t y r rit trd r f t r m ri a s q

4 13 V 3 n X 11 sup p rhaps a so7

4 13 X in ; ta e, X supUfet�,6 sup ftv.

7Le ere 3

's Gn m a . 0 Us 19 p 169 5X E Hd .6 E P h 4 5 hi o

emus Ip yJu e cn XX V rr [13i he 3 39,1 49 1 i l &'o XXX V 14 iDe di> XV .

� f E ikur col 16 .

D X Ep ur s' nal letter tomeneus

E Hd 6 , E P h 4 5

s 64

11 l-13 K 9 n 13 1 4 n V nf V 1 sup X 6 s

E g 13 V 13 sup ,X 1 sup., X sup

55E g 13 V 6 inf. X 9 sup scuo these ling istic an gr mm tical o iti

n m comment ry ut here an e noiscussion o_f the style of the i 6aswntil all the papyrus fragments have een

re-e ite

Lette t Her d t s a ms t b a r s m f te cew b tE Hd

35b v t at t is a t a y bas d y t rst t v b ks Arr tt 5 as Er 1 pp 41-56mpi da t vid t at b ars t t ts f tz U sw£asr s ts mak t app ar pr bab t at B ksX ta d t pr pap ys a

d tr s a s app ar tetter t He d t sM r t r st y, tt m st d i B ksX a d X s mt av b v ry sim ar tt s tr at d i t a s t s f tLetter (7 ) b t r at

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sE H t 0

m r th g ta a th h r r i 5

r r

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e ia D X

f rth r r § 2c i LoNG,Jl9

E H -8, 50

ay r a t r t t d r t ap f r d , t r f umac l t a p m a, ma k d' b l f d v p r a d t t t t m v m t f t av ly b d B kX Xa d X

t t r a d, d bv u r ct tLe er.B kX bl v d t av d cu d t r lat p f m a d d a ttr at d t Le er o Herodo u .A f r B kX a d X t y ar a d

by a c l tLe er o Herodo u8 t av c ta d a d cuat m a d c mp u d fact t urv v fra t f B kX c tap l m c a a t var u r va p y ca t r , c tr c d tLe er.T ca ty urv v fra m t f B kX a l tt ay t ardc

rm t at t d alt t at m a d c mp u d but, v f t Ep curu a B kX r tur t at p c c ad c rta y alr adr c v datt t B ka d pr bab y l r C mp u d d t rmuc att t tLe er, t ly rt ct t t m vt u t t at t t p c at part cular y fr Ep curu ' m d t t m f r t A f r B kX X X t v d c f r t r c t

xtr m y m y, t t c pt f B kXX c c rta y tr ct d tLe er at a y rat rt t c t at t c a

Le erdra para l l t a y f t m, alt u t y drama y t tar r b kr m a t c c ud t at tLe er o Herodo ua r t rt y aft r

B kX f t Ihpl UOsw; ab ut 30 0 B C urt rm r ,b v f ra qu t parat r a t at t ca t b dat d muc at r t a tb cau t a appar y r tt b r Ep curu ad d v l p d tk y c c pt f Ca c, am lynp A t�a d ntAoy �b t f

c f atur rk c r t ub qu ty arW ar fr m B kX 0 t at Ep cur a t rm y c ud np

t 1but d d t clud t at m t m t pa t A c t d xtrad t r c rd t at Ep curu a t r t p p r t u t mak t a t a m tf Ca c 6 A a lu tnp A L£ ft

t fu dam al m a f rd Hd 7 8Str ct y, v r,t c ta ly t rm f t t fnp6A )< ' c t fu y d v l pf rm62c b t t mp ma t c fu ct a c tral r l

c t p rf rm d by t uma m d6T rdnp6A ] �d ccur a y f t urv v d t abl fra m

f t r t ft b k f tepl Ua �.N d t ccur t pr cp t m l ca pa a f tLe r o Herodo uIt ly app ara c

t Le er 72 r , av p a d t atur f t pr p rtb ct t ly p l m ca a a y f t m trd bv y&p ] xp6vov o -Eov W p Ao mi a v t Evc ! SV dv yov � n � A no Ev � r p f " Y

ay tartl b caunpoA t� c up t t p t av r c v d m t at a tLe er,a r udd y pr cla m d a b t tap t f r f r c f r d t fy t pr p rt f a bj tEqua yr markably, t pa a t r c mm d t pr c fmp r calr a cal dtAoyt � c m arly d t ccur l r Le er o Herodo ur a y f t urv v d t ab fra m tt

R A E R A 4


11/79

s U E £ rior to Book V ut r t occur in Book V,65 eature romi e t yin Book VIII and ecomean integra art o E icurea Ca o icin it a orm.66The L tt toH odotu though ri ci a ly a workon hy ic , haa greatdea to ay a oute i temological que tion . I , whe he wrote it E icuru hadalready deve o ed the e two im orta t e i temo ogica conce t , it i urelyu ikelythat he wou d have i c uded them o e y in a aragra h dea ing with

ch high y ecia i ed u ject-matter a the ature o timethere ore ugge t that thi ectio on the to ic o time wa ot i c uded in

origi al ver io o theL tt ut wa added at a later date, o ow gc rover in which E icuru erha re ied to the charge thathi theor

o erti could ot account or our under ta di g o a term like time'S uch co trover y certa y took lace, to udge rom the ragmento ad J ue o the u ect re erved iPH 1 a d ow co de t y attri uted

uru .6

r y, Ca o ic rior to hy ic , ut hi torical y E icuru eem to havethe order." Betwee 06 a d a out 01 B.C. he wro e the r t twe ve

• the spl c W£I a out 01he wrote theL t to H odotue itom-f e y tem o hy ic which he had evo ved in the e rec di g year But

te o ogy u o which thi y t m wa ou ded wa ti i a em ryo icf e recogni ed that e quirie , whether they co cer the erce i e or

erce ti e, mu t a way revert to word meani g , menta act o con-o , erce tio a d ee i g a the ultimate criteria ut hehad ot

idered u ly the me ta o eratio i vo ved i the ha d g a d i ter• o e e data Betwee0 and 296 5 he mu t have worked exte

e i temo ogica que tio o thi ki d, or at the end o thiriodh >roa h had a ter d co idera y He had co c uded tha the a ility to

nd what i erceived a d e t, an a ility which he termedm y c £9acteri tic o the wi e man A d i a aly i g thi roce y which oe e-data are co verted i to a ratio al atter o k owledge, he a

ce tral role to ge era co ce tion , which he termednpo t£Tot od may e o g the u um ered ook o thep £co tai edi] 97 10 6 a d 19 the urvivi g art o which di cu e the motivatio

actio and variou e temologica que tio , with ma y a lu ion toj £ He a o duri g the e year ormu ated view o the cog itive

o a guage, a d i296 5he wrote Book VIII, re e ting the re ult work and a o outli i g the u e ul e oo tc £or te t g the

ty o io y an examinat on o the r ract cal con e ue ce .j VI VII ro a y i c uded ma y urther toi related to Ca o ic

ycho ogy, a wel a other whi h receive c t treatme t in theL tt! odotu uch a the god and the evo ution o a imal a d me . ° he

t to M n umu t a o e dated ater than0 B.C., co tai i g a ite a u io oth too (1 )a d t po e (12 ) The L tto Pytho l who e authe ticity ha ometime een dou ted, co tain either

o the e term , ut view oit h gh y ec a ed u ect matter thi mayot e igni ca t. Arrighetti 1 ro o e or it a date o com o itioater tha

29 B C. o the a o ome iogra hica evide ce or Pythocle .Si ce the eriod 0 296 5wa a crucial o e or the evo utio o Ca o ic, t

A D ED E

r 2,2; but th ading i n t c rtain.

6l t func n r fu anant d § 2 d (v

67 f A art cit .42 n t 7 Tha ag n ti in thL nc ud ach i n acc rdingt wh ch OE o

x vi lau-ep� U pt U w x v•M y&A1 57 "Of · f th ch i n i c rr c

it i n c ary t a um that th r wa acc un f tim in k a ummaryhich may hav b n nc r rat d in thrigina draft f th L but that tha ag inEp H 72-3 i a at r r vi i n

ba d n th d a gu w v r th rng vi w m t r c n y

7) ha b n that icuru c u dn t hav r ach d th t c tim a a k and that th numb r giv n th ch ia t i c rru f thi i th

r b m ari On ith r x anat n imain au ib that th a ag inEp H72 did n t a ar in it r nt f rm in

h rigina v r i n f thL6& f D L X30:ai & o� 8 o x vox y6[O ' CUOLX 1 ' Y.

69 ntr d§ 2 d (v)

70On th canty v d nc f r th c nt nt th at r b k A ar

43

L u Ep o i Epicoc 12 .


12/79

72D L.X

73 u 42 m i i m s s us i r rum i iis i v lup a '

74 e nd udyp

75p

s supp r s is as qu i hilmus n.fr u mi s m i

ha h r a g is lm s ir l j ural

. Men. 29 p U w XXE4 i f X sup. WP e 9

a P e X

f D P 9 9 pp 45 B YG eek A m pp 4

s pp ." p d

d

S I ro § 2 i

S mm ar i £ - supa X sup X 4 sup a f. mm ar .

may we ave see t e mp s t f Ep r s' ef w rk t e C n n T e r g a s eme t ed ab ve ers a pt a d pr b em er ed w t t sw rk A rd g t D ge es La(X

1) t e C n ngave t e t ree r ter a as be g se sat s1 poA s ,a d feegs C er s tra s at f t s p rase s ws t at t ere

e eptper aps agrammat a e D ge es m ss f t e1 poA s I me t t s be a se F r eya d R st ave ded ed ft at poA ;were mped t get er w t se sat s as st t tateg ry. 6Its s f npo as tr t - r ter a dates t eC n nat a y

rate ater t a t eLe t r t Her d t a rd g t t e pr p e esab ve It may we a sbe s g a t at t e metap r fx v v, mea gtr t - r ter d es t r t e fragme ts f epl w�B ks I X

r t eLetter t H r d t, b t s f d freq e t y t e wr twe ave a ready estab s ed t be g after00 B CT ss d e p d spe t e myst at 8 reated by D ge es at t a t e Ep rea s addV x b oA l ; Ot vo aas tr t

r ter aw as appeared t ma y t t w t Ep r s f t ese mage-mak gme ta a ts f e rat as v rt a

t e L tter t Her d t 9 a d K XX V If weass g a ear y date yt t eLett r t H r d t b t a s t K X IV t e m st sat sfas t w be t at w e e ame t deve p t e t fnp q £ tf w g years e s bs med der t erta tr t r ter a tprev s y gra ed a depe de t va d ty We ave a ready b

f dame ta mea g f a w rd0be ame e eme t t e br ader np A P a d t e same g es a s f r t e v t t oA O,w t t w we d t v s a se gs at w a d seq e t y

ave ge era sed ept s a T s w e e ame tC n ne ad d w graded Xal 1 t oAal' vo a fav r fr poAet . A d f ater Ep rea s se t pgrade t em e m re tf r ter a t ey ad g d a t r ty t e r master s ear w rk

I w d be a m stake mag e t e Ep rea s as tse f d r g t s per d At e s was stt e p s p ae tre f t

Greek w r d a da p s p er was ard y ke y t me t At es ess e ped t mak ta t w t te ead g s s f t e Ep read tr es ep stem gy derwe t a p eava betwe01 a d296 B C t s reas ab e t k f r ter a as weas ter a et at may a t f r t t sase Ibe eve t t a maj r st m s Et g t s t be f d t e pers s f tw Megar a p s pCr s a d s p p B kXXVII f t espl ceW£,wr tte 296 a rds amp e ev det atEp r s ad re e t y bee v ved as es w t t e r

ed by D d r s a d t y t e g t ve vaa s t e eve m re f dame ta q est f t e k wab ty w r d 82aga st w t ey sed t a g e by t e pr v at ve se r dd esIt was t s very same per d01 29 / t at Ep r s devet e bas t s fp6A j a d ntAoytc! by w e exp a edj st edt e k betwee per ept a d k w edgeT s s s re y t

de e e Megar a s met ds f arg me t d d

CR ACHE ERC A 6


13/79

f n w e e u r u e an n se f efen e he was e e h en uh s r nes an ana yse n· fu a r ess wh h he ha h he a enf an e

The h lo o hi al Conten ) h he e

Of he ve a he e f!epl U B III e an b sa wer a n y bey n he bv us fa ha n erns e s e w e u n

s a er ( e o;, nA V1J p f- P"1 vov, 0


14/79

f ro lu n Pl C X U 33s 4 no e 1

f la oC .38 Ar o le nD o oru 8 Rea on of a e o el e

o o a eneral a oun of Gree eor ere ar n lan ua e87 f C 383a b 3 a 4

U 89 K XXX T e E urean De e r u La

on al o ee o ave referre o ra aleren e of lan ua e a roof a na e

are na ura for n l n e var ou rounon w e E urean w ll all o e nna ural e re ar (P ol 4

ave e e e ea n n e ornal an orre De Fal o' ex a or n ly

for a f ller u n of e a a e eeM ller 3 -l :c st OS £ np ;a�

vl Cvoj wv :wv s £ yqovEv -yo .svr x 6 &v( J [' on v D s �,

ee o en ary on I b 8

o e o ern olar eu lu . 8 _V A TO 4 no e

an b l a onD A N no e ,an an E D LY Ph mu On M• f n n 4 ave un er oo

la ve wor of en en e a er b n e la eri s ) a e of lan ua e,

w woul ean a wa only ea e a an al l e oun n be

a e wor n n T o le ely re re en e& a e w E uru

e r on ow o ave been no n orean a ro e of lar fy n an l fy n

e o of referen e Y W s w alrea y ex e Fur er ore Lu re u ex

l n all n e ea l e oun no nareru Lu r , an e r be e r u ea re vo e no are n re on ra wan al no e b 8 - T ere no rea on

o n a e a o on of n n ve ueran e a na e oo el bera e an ra o

nal a ro e ure o be e r be a na uralfor Lu re u a a n o ex la n o u

n re ar a everyone anf l eex en o w e an a e u e of re

our e b 33 a r n le w ellu ra e b e r b n nfan unable o

ea n n vely o n n a ob e ane oun of an al an a n e row

of e r orn an ee n e a e waywe are o un er an wa n n ve for

u an be n o a e u e of oun a label92 U 334 De e r u La on lo Lu-

uV 6 88 D o ene OenI

sma a s. h s nam s not o na y om nto n tho n n , t m n s ownnat s n w nt n s an v m

va a y om t to t an a h o th nma s a s th m to xha ath a y a o n to th

n s om a to a . at a t a o ms w x w h n th n v aa s so as to ma th n s ss am

mo on s y x ss . A so th m n who sha nowta n ns n nt t s an o ht wo s o th m nto sam n av tt an n om s on, an oth s hos wo s

t s th s, as a as th n a a s s on n th t than a .

In E an o t n , a ma s o xt na o j ts anh as s t n a t o x n s o th o ts w

m t van a s s n a y as an nst n t v a t on to So a as w now th s was th st th o y to v an a amat a o n.

t ha a ways n th t m a o th onv nt ona st 8 to tan a n s that x st tw n a s. h s o nt was som a assm nt to th nat a st s hoo an n thC yl oth aty s

h ms an So at s s t o n t an n v om to s w th ts ·E sth o y s t m hant on th s s o os a not m yto x a

an a n s n nat a st t ms t v n to ma thoo . A stot ha sa that an a va s wh p y! ma n onstantt o E s t s s y a s p&y a ava y om on to

that an a a so va s I two a s v n nt hys ah wo a an th vo a a t at ons a so , att tth s atte a t to th n s o n s an s ns

o ht o t y th nv on nta n s. h may a so soat on n E s wo s O othat hys o o a n s

a s ont t to th nt vo a a t ons E s whth s sam nv onm nta an hys o o a a to s to x a n hh oso hy s an x s v y a t v ty8 an th a t that stan a s o

st va y om o to o 8In th E an th o y th a ysta o an a o s as o ow

tt so n s nst n t v yn a t on to o j ts an n s, an notth y hav on so n to s on w th a h o t o n

s to m oy th so n s as a s h s s s mm y Lthtwo n s 9 at va os n a son t s nat a s t m tt

ss t nom na m' 1h s on sta o an a wh h nt o s th m nt o

o t n n th assa o E s q ot a ov t o s no oth E an so s on th o n o an a h s omo a y

tsth st ss a y E s h ms on th nat a as t h o o onv nt on s s as two o wh th naan a s am o s o x ss v y on w n m n ato at ona s t

an th n s who nt o n w on ts wh h yon th at on an th o hav not v nam s nat a y

o th m

CR AC E RC A E 8


15/79

T d b at att m ts t s m y an a a a s nt d dt a nt as s w t as a y st ts a t n t n s nd nw t nat

F am , t nam s ak and a d ' a s nds nat a y v k dby t s t t s s t v s s, t add t na a at n ta t

t n nam t' may b s n as a d b at s m at n.T as b d t t m n w s a d kn w d ' s t nam n a

k nds abst a t n ts, b t y w an s a y d bt t nt d t n s a t m n y. T s n s stat m nt t at t y nv nt d

e w ds, m y t at t y b t nam s t s n w n ts nt n y,nd w may ss t at E s s s t ss as n d n t m ta a

a at n w ds a ady n v yday sa s asxsv6v, t s an ts

A d n t my m ndat n t t t Ep. Hdt 76t na w ds" ' oG�< v oDv> X A' s m t w n s t n, n d t st ss t at

an a s a d t a t y n ss ty and a t y as n I am n t s a yn d nt t at my ad n s t t n t t n mayb mt ns v and t w ds ma b st B t t n a s s m st n v t ss

b as I av nd at d Tvet0 e ann t b d s b d asv x r&£v a�va wv m ,s n t s mad t a n t n n s nt n Ep Hd t atv yx )b n s t t a y, nat a sta ,9 by nt ast w tAoyt 6�w n

t at sta d m n t m v n t w k nat T s s n m d byL t sw ds nat a s b t 94 and t w ds D m t s La n t dab v C� np Wv Ovo 1wv va wv ct�s st t atdva wv a

s a ya at t t m t v nst n t v k nd tt an 95 T st m nt n n t na w ds t s w w m d t tt m sts m w b nst d as n t t m t v m n w st s d an aMy m ndat n a m s s t s and a s v s a a n t n t t asxa v 7 A Y [avw d ssanand B n n t s m

a t d nt tat ns t s assa

Hav n ns d d t s m tant t t w an n w ns dE s st nn t U ct- E e d bat . B t d a a t ad t n 99 and E anskD m t s La n, L t s and D n s O n an t at t E a

d t n n an a as b n m y n t nat a st s d t n dm ttd y t st ss a d n s s n t nat a n an a an b

n as d t d a a nst a ast s a n n n t s b t, wa a s t av ass m d nan m s y t at an a ad nat d as ad b at at n t m n ds. F t E ans a ndam nta

n s at stak : t n t nnp6A )! �n t t s ') a t nann t st n ss t t n a ady sts.T s nds s nd n

t nd v d a b ts and n s m st av a ady b n n st n bany n d av a s d t s n ss nam sH w v , E s' t w t n s, and s a yI p q sw�B k XXVIIIs w t at a s n t m m tant st n t st m a va

an a s sym at s w t t nat a st v w. T t t t ws t ndam nta n t nat a st t at t a y a nam t an b t

st ss an n n, and t at an a an s nt t a s n n a s nd m a n st t nv nt na st d t n t s

9 DAV D SEDLEY

93 On the vir ual eq a on of U �yx1 in G eek tho gh , s euTH E I99 !0

94 c V 028

g Cf commenta on0 b 8

fa a the a n ca i conce no hi e x cf J .;un B IV 2

S ud 276 7

8 Ep r 07·8

334 5

c eti V 8 04

o J 5 3 8V 9 II 5 0 3 4 2inf V in -V 3


16/79

13 V 8 £

PHI SO ( Phil. h » 1 2 ARR ·HETT p 4 6 DUR GA st t s,p 6

1 F R Y d t dy p 2 5 LOp 121

f at 2 d, 4 5

of odo C o . Ep h odo t o p bl to th t dth y s d t p by th Sto th t th ofth g

bb t dl t of t p op t t l l th h ll b low th b l f th t w th g gh o ly b o

d tod ot tho p t l l of ob t w th wh h t wo t t t lo g .

It h oft b gg t d th t Ep l g t th o y d f oth t of A totl o t l t th t th two th o bl h ot. °B tth o t t b tw th ho t g th y l

ow th t fo A totl e p opl d t o t hth t l t o7 )b t p t th w th d t Fo Ep t p ly b th t l t om d v &both of wh h l d d wh t A totl by" d th tl g g l o d Th t t o of o t

t o of l g g dd t o l p oof th t l g g l oh p w th th wo ld.

A totl go o De . -to t two f th o t o l t pth t d d l t lf th t o f l

v V uvTh l tt l h l bo t y o t o lX v Y b o t byt

U etb t wh t b o y bol Fo t l t oof lme o th gO o £ 8 t b t o of th Ep , o th oth h d, hold th t d d l do of l ty d th t o o t lly to b d y boly

l t of vEp th o y h f yth g, o o o w th th t of Pth y d g d lly o th fo of th o g l t l l two d d ob ct w th l to g th l t wo d d lo o topo d p t o of th p op t of ob t th yboth hold th t o g llyh d og t lb t th t th h b p t l y obl t

h g l g g o th y 1E Ep Hd 5 6to gg t th t th o g l t l wo

lo l t o h p th p pt bl ob t , wh h h b by th t pho c l ppl t o of o wo d to b t t o pt

t t .T ho ld h lp to d t d th og t l wht d tol g g Ep Hd 37 8:F t ll odot t

g pth d y g g of wo d o vo ; 6y oo th tw y h th t o to wh h to f op o

dp obl , d ot g dl p oof wh h l yth g o pty wo d Fo th t gnp ov vv6 )of y wo d

t b d q o f th p oof f w to h

f fo q p obl d op o I t h tob d tood h o olog l

o d g th y l t wo d g b g o of o po y l g g , fo o d g to h ly l

b g o d l ly p dd t w fo th y o tht llygot tog th t d d g . Mo p ob bly th t

tho wh h ft o t o l g w d

CR ACHE ERC A E 2


17/79

c e l ¥me he w gave ce a n w me aph cal mea g p h age eve y ame c l e a c e p w h a pac la

pe cep le jecThe mea g ' a em y c c cep wh ch Ep c la e ela a e

ha np t a p ec cep , a e e e ev e ce, w h hehelp wh ch a pe ce ve jec ca e ec g e y ame 1 Th a w

e a ec a y pe c p al e e a have np A t w , ahe e Ep H 37 8may e ha ch w e ace ac he p ec cep a c a e w h hem he p ma y, pe cep al e e

Ta e, example, he e xe e e v phy c T g a ph e ve e e y m m a7 p A t y p c g h w he w

e p ma y, pe cep al e e Y may pe hap p c e a emp y{xe ) x Wha g he m a ll x a y ca m ve yha a e w h h a ce Th whe g he e mx

phy c y w l w, w h e g a y he p , ha alwayp e pp e he p l y m vemeI h way la g age ca ac a veh cle

a al gy e wee he v le a he v le p v e ha he ph l pheha a c ec e a g h yH w e Ep c a e la g age c mpa e w h h e c emp a yMega a 107 The v ew ha a xe mea g a ally e l e eve y w ph m m ch cl e he ex eme a al a p lp ha hex eme c ve al m D C , wh ch p lem cal e e e ce

a e m e !Ispl cewB XX III A lp he y ha ly e calp e ca a m le, he v Ep c ea ec he p ac cal

e v ce y he Ep c ea C l e ,108 H w hall we l ve w h ay g haa ma g a ge e al, ly ha a ma a ma , g g aa ge e al a ge e al ? O he he ha , Ep c h m el g ea

e e e p e ca a a l he ph l phe He wa c cep ecla e y e e e e he a a pe cep a eel g , n h gh

me e ve al p e ca Th he h w g a he e l e e 1 9a whe eal g w h he pec al ca e he c cep me,he pec cal y e e he v ew ha a y h g e e h l e p e ca e a

ha g he ame e e ce a Th a e all a h he gma ce al p e ca l y exp e e y lp may eve hele e h gh h w he e ce he A he ea ch l h gh , a ge e al ha al e e a ly e ame eve y eche eg g c e e e he ce e he a g me c a e

I spl cswB XX III wh ch el agme a y a c eha l le ca e glea e m w h ce a y

O e e w h wh ch ex c ce e whe he , a h w, a yla g age A E £) e e he exp ph l phy Re e e c

ma e h he pa a he p e e v ew he ec h Ep ca h p p l Me By he me w g, Ep c eem hav

ve a he v ew wh ch he e a e al ea y g heette o He o o uha he ph l phe may a e h age c mm c ve al age 1 Acc

g D ge e ae , Ep c e a y la g ageA s up ) e e h g' Ep c h m el me me e e h a w a

e g acc a ce w h eg la age 11 A Pl a ch, hav g acc e Ep c

2 DAV D SEDLEY

In tr . § On th lin uistic unf p6A P� ,s L 9 4

icurus th t hl ris in tw xtr vi w intri n i l ctici ns. i rus Cr nus'

n is iscuss in c nt r n3inf V 5 su til 's th r is n

f r f th n tur list th sis Anth lr int in th t n cs nc c n n nl h l gth t c n c rr c l r ic t f

III 09 9) il s s t h v

n f th r t th uch r xtrti n sh r th Er tri n sch l

u ilM n us i iciusPhy 9 h t ll ut i ntic l r ic ti n is inl Plut r hAdv C 9c ff u c

s th t x is ut nl th t x is x is .

oP ut rc d C 9

09 s 5 n n n c nt r n PTheaete u, u ish in rlin r Kt xt 90 c l 39 ,Epcur fr 6

E Hdt

n wh s n tr §3 V3 su . V su .

X 3

4E Hd 6 xcn& 1-v n E O V ftA" U 0Y6 £ b 70 X ' ' As[

.


18/79

· t Adv. C 1112 f

i f comm ta y ad o

117 f. o G p 126 t pho sTHRIEIII p 2 2 .

s z O A ?11 13 III -1 .

1 3 3-12 s p.121 13 I I 2 sup. f .

11 ]] 5

2 13 II 5 f

13 I f - 2 su

W may saf y assum f om p cu usos g ma s (13 I 2 sup ) thatby

th t m wh th s boo was w tt M t odo us had mod at d h s ws. d ma yways th doct wh h t schoo a yadopt d a b s as a comp om s b tw

cu us a u a sm a d t odo s cov t o a sm

6 I 5 13; 2 f II 5

13 2 f. II 13 sup.

o eing guil o e in igui , u s in o his ou h he ehis is onven ion kind o wo d us gevsv6 ! W£ '· w U

Wv vo wv 11 We guess h he equen o u en e or i i ed A vo he Greek o o loqui ? in he e

our e re esen s dis ussion o his su e . In3 V3 su , houhe e is o er in, hesee s o s h on his esenview, hehi oso he use wo ds o o din r ngu ge rovided h he

kee s in view he d s inguishing h eris i s ro whi h he heie n ngs, so s o void he i s invo ved in o e e hl ss

o o e re e red o I his ishe o e in er re ion o hese linergu en iesin ose wi h h oEp Hdt 37 8or in o h seshe wi le s ing h word is on use u inso s i s unde ing

ke in viewIn e ier e rs he i ude o ngu ge h d een di e en in hE i ure ns hoo . We h ve e eviden e o8 V - h in he s he h d n es o hings i he d udged he on n e i i sis o e

he ossi e eviden e o2III 2 . h he h d eg rded he ineo on n e, nd he onsequen di u o iden i ing e

wi h he o re n e, s he sou e o l hu n e ro This u he h se o , oAu p6 o [ h] o , ' v wv12III 2ro re esen s he oung E i u us, s i unde he in uen e o

i e n s hoo whi h de hese ve s e onven ion is i sAn i hon ho e u o e o ing ngu ge in o vi e ool o heB he i e o w i ing Book VIII E i urus h d given u his quesen ire u e hi oso hi vo ul , d i ing I now see,

hen he r i u r ·di ul ies, wi h eg rd o his ss,11 o h ving o en s r individu hings 1In ose e l d s, while E i urus h d een seeking o i rove u on

o ordin r ngu ge, Me odo us h d een ro o ing i

ion is view no un ike h o Diodorus C onus whi h he k1 h hing n e e er ed o n n e nd h non e i e er h n n o he .1 1 In uilding u riv e er ino

o ding o E i u us, hosen so e wo ds on he sis o o din r 1 2nd wi hou d ing in inguis onven ons '.1 His o

s s1 h d eeno h de he h in ssigning n e one er i u o inion, nd o shu his e es o e undis i n ing view ] t

(e v) o wo ds nd o je s This er se looks ike o he in ur o o din ngu ge, whi h i h d een E i uroun e 5

Des i e his even u ovision e n e o o din ngu g

so hi l ediu , E i urus did no dro his view h i n e eseo inion In dis ussing his nd Me odo us' or er o inions, he re ers error whi h h d een on ined in o ul r us ge he i e 1

esses his e o giving he i ession h in or e s nguseo inion u h now ? E i u e n er ino og h seen d ed o

e ude i He so i ies h he s i l e ieves in he e is eo e o h rises in e ion o e on e ions nd e r nhe

R A HE R A E 22


19/79

m l c v t s l g g 128 hr s h chs gg sts s L g h srg 1 th t h s s rr r s r s g r m th m s tt g s s t s tpoA· �S c oA ¢ �r v r cl s k t th m gs r s 130t s t r l th t cc r t c s g r - s g s sh l ss

c tr t g t s ch m s t c t s ll 5 E c r s s gg sts th tM tr r s rm r th c m g v c l r h ch cl ch s g

m s th s s r g g l h m t r r s t t th rr r m st m th r g r h t th ct l rc v) X a alc{ c � Y ) W oA[AW]' c g h r c x s m

t cc r t r - s g l r t t rc v cts c rr tE c r s c cl s th t th h l s h r m r t tt r m m

s r r l g g s th r r c ss r l q l th m h chh s r m k g h h r t thetter to He odotu th t th r s lt gl g st c cc r c s m g t s sh l h v l s s

th r s t c v t l m gs r s t th t r rst m gsh ch rl th m th t h h h mak s p U B k

V 13V 13s , th t rr r sh s rss t r r c t t g g t t th h v r h ch ls t m sts ts

he E urea Catego o o hought Proce em ) x

Th m g m oA s r th m st rt ll x l 131 D 132 sh ll t g ck v r l th s rc m t r

h ch th ex m A� oA a &P w s rc tv lv g r t c c tr tl k g r th r th m r l s g

l st g r th r th m r h r g A l g s t th s s oA Q a o s m t m s t ll t rm X h ch th m

ct r ss m th g t r th mm s st ck strd wAav r t xt r h ch r v r r s t r s A l th s s cl r r m

E c r s s g th s t rms thette to He odotu

133 r m L cr t sl cc t B k V 3 m g s h th r r c v th s s - rg s rr ctl th m r l sAij th t thd wAath t cr t th m

r ll x st t s t th t ll ct t c h t r r t t t th m t s h r th t rr r s ll s c rr ct ss c r s 3T ch ct thoA �t o m st th l m m r

E c r s r t r g r m m r s v t r l t r l t th mth h m r c t k g l cr m s c r m

r s m ght th g m r th r v t s Th ct v t m m rs s r c r sc th ss r c 13 th t th m l k th s s - rgr s ts m g s r m ts

c rs , th Z � oA £ a o as t ts l s c t x th

h m m r r t s t l s t st g sh cts m m rr m cts m r m g t H v r t sh t s s th t E c rt tt m t s t t th s q st A r gm t D g s

3 t l s s th t t r th m g m ts th rst m g s ss g sr s 1 8 s ch th t v h th cts h ch r g l s r l g r r s t r m t k s k ss s th r g l

cts'Th s r cc t h ch s c m m ts L cr t s V97 7

2 E LE

2 III 8 12, s o ta ad .

G 123

13 . X 33

Gre k A m p 559 8

1 c 1939, p 133

133 a yEp Hd 9- 2 .

u 22-822 a d s a

Ep Hd 51.

'" Ep Hd 9-5

f 5 II 1

no ono s cu i v 1 o� :o hov t of ag s th gn po h

d h h u a do t fo ta ts s l 1939

32


20/79


21/79

h m n a m in a m n b dy i t it w tha th r app aran d i wh n h y t u tha th part a m in b dy a m n ndir t n, hat app a an d n t d i but that in hi pa u a aana y b w n th ib and th n i ib n a d Th b t h r maL thu a rm that it mu t b n ana i a n r n( . po r0o� 6 cvovncpl oG op hou' n t n app aran , thath r i E r r ann i inapp a an , n yth n that n r ra ped by th mind hr u happr h n n an ima i t u 1 5Ba y a ia pa a m nt A and ia4 in wh h Ep u u u

h t rm np A d n dnp6A v ano0 w £m oA v £n( "v pyE nt V v pyf 'oG np&y ' o n vo vThi , a u Ba yh w that an oA an ha an L ot a bj t But w ha nua ant that th a Epi uru wn w rd and n th y w r th

d at n m th tr t m anin m oA- u n d ab w u d b ama n

B d w ar t b y nd Ep u u wn wr t n and p n mu h a tn d raphi a ad t n w a n t i n r a pa a A t u wh h

ntrad t Ba y a un : L ppu , D m r tu and E uru ay that

b th p pt n and th u ht w r th u h th ntry dO A r m ut idn n ith r an n nt at AAc v)n any h n ind p nd nt y thO Aovwh h ma nta t Th rm y r t i t thn oA ' £ O vo

t th ua at n p r pt b b t

n oA f O vo,th n, r u a y n an maq v' ,q ', q 6 48au d by t rnaciO AOn a n t p a y

ab d 1 InI sp U VIII3 VI l n ,th r ii t th a i u h u ht-p thr u h whi hr rmi ht b n id r

t a , and in tx Y£n A VYbv p6 ov t d pa at y m Y' Th di r n tw n h tw pr ny t b n

mpha i n y n b th mu t n ud th pr n av L . bab yh £ A x p6 oi r t i t d th d ib rat ap h n i n an

ima whi thq Y 't p6 o br ad r and an n ud n add t n hun nt nti na appr h n n an ma r in tan n w th ut n ,h ar n with ut t n n , and th and m ntry c!Q A t th m nd 50

h adj t V' c 6 u d qu nt y n a m ntary nt tn thar pa t p VIII Ind V rb um ma n y n h

pr noU 6 ,wh h pr umab y d nat th nt r a th u h whi h p d w th ut th pr n n - ma , pr m n nt n whi har h w n tw pr

Ep u uu n p A &vH vand nat m 5 n th r u ar n ra pw h th m nd' t n ' t ma n ' whi h ba at a t

t Emp d 15 H a y r n th n ptua m th d a a h u hp b an d a n d th di u d ab , r it i d with h

25 V E LEY

H5 he exp ess O &�wpoU SVhe e must me eve yth g th s se

e e yth g th t s stud ed ' s m t s tech c p ss gesp cu

us uses e etv, u cc mp ed y/ 6y A6 ouexc us e y th s se se

be w ); d Fu ey d es texpwh t p cu us ght me by s y g

e e yth g h t s stu ed st ue . mx ' m o A Y6f8 DV c G

c y efe t u w edge f thcep b ew d f the gume t s w

s t m e y se se

S m II4 = Us 255V 8 = Us 31 .

14 The e s g d e de e f d e me g etwee these te ms.

" D.L. X 3 ! ; K XXIV

1 weve eve d e m m gescan be theesu t f de be te pp ehe s cf.E t

51 uc et usIV -822

1 DIANO, Psicol g a1 39 pp 136ne A n 6 nepLA r ne1

ne A o :Ep Hdt 4 42 4 4 5

I53 B 2 8 D -K : o W£ o\h' m e' v v o ' xo o

nep A n .


22/79

pas � oU&Sv oi B' E & tvc ) o nep A G o1he A6y Go nep A n o , W x &' OA slf! 6 8V .

Ep dt 56

lb 57

Ib 66; c£ a so ib60 67, 68 7 , 7Ep.th 97 ep q ewXXVII 8 V 9-1

odemus Sign XII 4-36 XXI 22 9

Ep d 42; cf Us. 27 , 275

Ep dt 1 : nav o nep A n 6 vep V / XP6V

I have checked he read ng in he o iginaa er Dian s ext according

In he papyrus 8is wri en' & [ J�p[ is no c ear whe her hec

. nded o rep ace hea, or o be addedore i - bo h orms of correc ion are emyed _in his pap rus f he former isec we mus read nep [A ] n�

o « o < v ]I x \ A ] w £ •J nep

A ] n�o [. This uncer ain y de a ues migh ha e pro ed an impor an sourcehe meaning of he 8p A t p6no :passage seems o connec ei her c non·

cep ua ' or concep ua hough wi hcogni i e process n which Epicurus e se

re oca es error -(" npo Bo 6 e ovd 5 )

And sim ar y&ewp Gand & wp

ep ewII G V 2 3Ep Hdt 157 58, 59 62 7 73, 74, 78Ep Pyth

im

dt 35 Ep th 86 1!6;Ep Me

Ep dt 47 59 62cf Us 270 291odemus D dis III co , 2 fr ll 2

I 14 ,2

b VIII 3 in£ , IX 4 sup XI 16 sup

m spl U s �XXVIII 13 VI 1 inf and there are further allusions to7 tp'A "o� P0 O�in 5 II 12 13,possibly in5 III a 3-4, and in 8 V 9-10.The best clue to the meaning· of this expression is found inEp. Hdt 42 whe e,in restrict ng th composition of everythi g to atoms and void Ep urus arguesthat 'beyond these nothing can be conceived either cp A1 W�or throughany sim lar process in the category of independent existence 54 This referen

of ·opinions to the test of conceivability is probably what s meant by then e t Arp 1: 'x � p6 �. Ep curus frequently has recourse to such arguments dis�missing a inconceivable the notion of fo examplea visible atom 155 a nitebody with an in nite number of parts or he mi d continuing to perceivewhen detached from the body 7 These are questions which cannot be referredto the simple test of sense-evidence or analogy with the percep blebut on whichthe human intellect is neverthe ess capable of prDnouncing By and large heseems to regard inconceivab lity as su cient proof of falsity This may notalwaysapply to number and size for he is prepared to assert th t atoms have moredi erences of shape than the mind can conceive and thatOwAacover 'anyconceivable is ance in an unthinkably short time 159 However itmay be thatwe have in this l tter case a mere turn of phrase rather than a·doctrinal point

since, as we have seen even the shortest unit of time is imaginable in thought

In sp U s �,PH er 1056, 5 I l there is a passage potential y of greatinterest in this connexion: 60

A Y o v v xal Ae 6Y WY[ ] v o ; U17 oxeEvm\:, [&Jev spap 6n v,a fEY [ '" w v Ef [ ]i s � va� s

. .

[� J e u [y ]I &v[aA6 yw; & sp[ )] o'[�. . l !

Epicurus uses &ewpdv 2in its primary sense of see " loo at 3 and so

times in the slight y looser sensof ' study 164 In ddition he uses variousforms f the metapho cal phrase A6y u s ps v 5 meaning 'to see bypure reason t contemplate with the mind This is alw ys applie to noledge of atoms and void and of everything th t lies beyond the rang of directperception It appears among the thought-processes listed in€pl . U s �XXVIII13 VI 1 inf. in he form [ ]a) 6you ·s p ' �and elsewheresimply in the form &swpY x6� which approxi ates to the English speclativeor 'theoretical While the process ofnsptAa �&vst v provides a negativecheck o opinions regarding both the visible and the invisible, by puttingthem to the test of conceivab ity that ofO b A6you &ewps vo ers posi iveunderstanding of the invisible chie ly one supposes by analogical reasoninfrom the visibleOur text also contains the form swp f" ( 5 III a 3 ; lO I a 7), but only inmutilated contexts The one pos ible clue to its Epicurean meaning is a passageof an unidenti ed Epicurean work(PHerc 831 col VIII10), quoted belowin my commentary on XII14·15 sup which suggests tha its meaning isrelated to that of swp H%0�rather than to that of swpsTv pe haps' speculation �

ONAC E E C LANE 26


23/79

h v EmAoyC tand ognat o msE Aoyt 6£ ntA6yt , EA6ytct£, EntAoy t6£ & mA6y o v nt Aoy w, uc nt A6yt o£o u qu ntl n E u an t ts and hav long en ogn s d to d s gnatan st molog a o ss at d h gh E u us 167An xam nat on o th t ts w ll show thatAoyt 6£s th namo a

o ss o ason ng, and that th x·m- a s th sam onnota on om sm and o t v t that w hav ound nEnt�AAetv and ognato msIt s a o ss o ason ng as d on a t a n� ut not

n ssa nvolv ng analog o ndu t on, as D La ma nta ns P t onsand ee ngs a th onl n ont ov t l sou s o data a out th wo ld,

ut s n th a at onal 8 a o ss ason ng s n ssa whth an s st mat s d nto a at onal att n o know dg E u us hano t m o th og al at go sat on o o ss s o n n ut n v th

ss ogn s s th m o tan to th h loso h o ason ng n g n aAoy L6 uU oy £ o th k nd o ason ng that ov d s an und

stand ng o th data su d h s nsat onsmAoy 6 and o th

k nd o ason ng that us s th s und stand ng as a as s os ula on a outthat wh h s ond t on (&v oyt 6�. Fo th sak o v twhat o ows I t anslan�Aoy� 6w th h as s k m al ason ng ,

m al a u at on a though a mo a u at x ss on would somh ng k ason ng as d on m a data

I g n m xam nat on o th t ts w th a assag n wh h E u s a gu saga nst d t m n sm70

16 Cf m S « Ph l Woch 19321458-60; DIANOPsicologia 19 9, 1 vonFRI Z pp70 RRIGHET I, ( PdP )19 2P DE L Y JP» 195 Diano and rrghe see i as a non-ra onal alm

i e mode of ompre ens on De aclose o the n erpre a on o l ned

6D 31.69 L r 9 5

&pt UoeW£: H 1056 7IX 1 f eex wh chI gi e here s an _amalgama

of m own read ngs of e hree papwh is preserved; D ano's exm srea g ofq t as * s ncomprehens

Ot[a £ A Vnspt 'w]y p OtO O£ A6yo p ns t,al o 1 Pap 1191 om Pap 05 2 '

O O V at �s�atW at�Ec v 'ma 'a n v'a o a a' v yx JVxaAoUeva AA e a tVtnsp o O £Ct au V �eA-

p O t v l£ nstpovg n A V XI v yx V inp tV5


24/79

d sc ss his m r ll in m mm n d

U o pxO; A u t n&p A ·Uo v fmA y o 6V

176 h r m lg m m wn r dings h w i, 1 6 nd 11 1 in which h

ss g rs: e U [BJA u a

U 8n�A6 o a s! s x d • v

a - Cv, S X S ? xal ".'EmA 2

78 lb

79 s -

DE L Y r ci , 17 8

lb 1 :•T S p o xa 6 W ou 6 w AB s iha nc ap£vs v a rM�

18� h . 18 4f h icur n ss g swhich ss c 7 A wi h h rm i n u ili ri n judgm n s r : rm rchus r 4 Kr hn P r h. D abs . 81 ) wh r w h r i s su ri i m rirr i n l rc i n n h d s wh n m nw r s ud ing x di nc in d r s blish

h rs l g l inci l s nd hil d musR e 4 5f wh r w r ld h

h icur ns us i in rriving m r lu s which h s h ld b m r l ll wing

h i m i ns n b h ss g s i is s id m h rinci l s nc s b ish d

si r m mb .

183PH rc 1 h l s nin lin s c lX = Us 45; h x giv n h r is m wnb s d n r ding h rus

In epl U eWB XXVIII 3 VII 3 s . e f es s r ngn oy c 6, s s nded n e d r nc e a

any n n m s s and r fa n e ad an age sness r e a r w c an e seen ead 1

In se era e ca ex s E c r s em ys ar an s n e raseO AountAoytc w c e see s regard as e c rrec as s f r a

ac yIn . M 33we are d a n man s e er anre eres e g ds s nafra d f dea and as ca c a ed yntAoytc 6 eend a d d wn y na re 7 InK XX s asser ed a a ness s w e ern y and a man s fe s sa d e c m e e f

aken mAoy c 0f e end w c e es m s as re and ew c s nd 175 Inpl r W£PH c 0567 XII 8 . mA6y f

nd' s men ned asa ss e m a ng f r e n man e aK XXII we are ad sed Aoy c n n y e end a s

ng a s a n seeArr g e 17 n es a eAo£f r E c r s s eas re and akes oG

AouE tAoytc 6 mean17 awareness f e na re f eas re asa sence f s rr w. B e assages q ed a e s w ao AoEntAoyt 6 s regarded y E c r s as an ac y w c d s nw se man fr m e nw se w ereas e fac eas re s s rr wa ded e d es n e en c ns der e n q es n s n

sedn a an ma and man e a .1 9 M r r a y o AoEntAoytc 6 s E c r s name f r e ed n s c a s.In M

28-30 a ng s a ed o px 1€Ao, . . < i Le g es n s ress a w e a eas res are n emse

m s e a ded e a se f r n a y c nseq ences and s rr ws are n emse es ad s me m s e rs ed a se f c nseq ences Ma ng e c rrec c ce s an em r ca maer.T e eq a n f s ed n s c ca c s wEntAoyt 6£s c n rmed y a

assage n w c P dem s d sc sses e a r n ng f ra seo Vn I p y x % E : 101 , A o &[ ] [ c] E� % VH I [y< (Ve1C�b S x & co LOAOy V el [ ] 1 e EmAoy c o , p c& 10 �O, b ' 7 (xoupo, o £ 7 o[Ao] , Jc T€Yi v I [x] [x]bdv o, x v

C O C E E CO E 8


25/79

S me E i re n re id t em y e id n e th t erty in e iem iri rg ment f the f wing ind E i r y th t erty i ne i f r m ny re n b t e e i y be it i nend r b e when mbinedwith the e ther i ti n .u £atr? 'Simi r y in theD i a hi dem q te three rg ment whi h he be ie e

r e th t m der te degree f nger i er i ib e in wi e m n. He ermthem b ) oyt .o£ 4r A6y t b Aoytc C o£ 185nd n e g in they tthe f rm f e t ex erien e the r t1 rg e fr m the f t th t wi emen re gr tef f r g d t rn the e nd fr m the f t th t e en wi emenget dr n nd the third ifI h e nder t d it rre t y fr m thef t th t e e re n y ngered by wh t they re dy be ie e t be dh we er enr ged they m y be me.

n ther ethi fr gment whi h e r y im ie th tM tAoytc .6 ;i the r efinter re ing the d t ied by the en ti n iPH 83XIV 3( [ ]v < 7 Ap f


26/79

0S I r d § b

0I u ar h r a rr gh / 13 , a r g rab On6 e� t a d nt/ oyt j6£. h

a a h r ha h a uh h f r Hdt. 8: A8ne-

&ct x t "&Sv : a C wf np e &

4 ra X V 4

9 5 6-9.

doubt th tit i tion l o e n th t in ethi it wtu y of hum n beh ou n feeling

Howe e �Aoy c £i u e not onlyin thi ethi l en e but lam lee temologi l en e to e ign te the o e by whi

out n unde t n the t of e e tion nd feelingnoted bo eE i u u e tion th t we mu t ' em· Aoy

sc& t). . e e ything th tl n to ee n o de to oid nn onfu ion I sp U sw�XXVIII 8 V 8 �Aoy c 6beimil me ning when we e told th t e t in wo -me

igned by non- e e tu l o e l te me to bin o i tene w een by n t of em i i l e(c v�06vo [ o ] " x £emA[oy] [oj

E Hdt.2-3 E i u u h ently in e te into thee ondention of highly olemi l ount of the n tu e of time. Het t by tel

ing u th t the e i no e on e t onnp6A �£of time to whi h it n efe edfo i enti tion li e othe henomenbut th t ' the l in e l

in i tue of whi hwe ti ul te the wo longtime o« ho t time h h e on ou l f om b th mu t t elf be i ede oning h mu t be un e too n intention ox: time i v py aome

thing who e e ten e le to ll,n yet t nnot be e tly ob eidenti e but n only be un e too th ough n logy±v Aoy ovFowh t we e ei e i e ly nd i entify with the hel ofnpoA e�£ e thehenomenli e , night motion n e t with whh we o te the time n it only by o t of n logy withthe e th t we n indi e

i e t the n tu e of time it elf e only know the me ning of in of we know wh t we me n by the length of n illne ' the lengtof the y .

hu , h ng t te th t n log l e oning i ne e

de n tion of time, he goe onAA vov nA l napa po e A ntAoy ov. x : y p o onpo Oe a AA n�Aoy o C £ p t x C £ v nA' V pe t_v w OS xal &e t xal v e xa cemv O 6v ! n C 1 epl a C n Atv a bvoo v £ x & p6vov vo o e' But ll th ne e y fo

t to l ul te em i i lly with wh t it i th t we lin tn me u e it. Foit equi e no dition l oof but im ly em i

ing to n th t with d y night nd f tion the eof nd lie en eo b en eof feeling n with motion nd e t we

e t ine uli tt ibute nd th t the me ning of thi tt ibex e with the wo time i it elf in tu n el ted to t

heque tion ' ith wh t l e ohenomen o we link the wo tem n n em r l olution with no dition l oof:oUx oOd enpo Oe a� AA ntAoytc o he que tion whi htAoy�c 6£i to

ol e he e i e enti lly one of wo u ge Simil ly hilthe en e n me ning betweenpy nd& 6£n mention the e oof tho e who h e not m e o e em i i l tu y to e two d e lie to the me _thing nd when they e not: o O xa-

C ON C E E CO NE 30


27/79

AW£ * L"' ho n " o E1I o p i py %u fl £mAsAoy� ivot

Th t an ator of .Hdt 2-320 a y t at&vaAoyt ovand b tAoytc ova vi t a ynony aning ' on t ta into a o nt Y t t

r y in on i ab that in h· a high y t hni a a ag th two y

t r ho d b a a yxta o d in non-t hni a n . E i r a g ni fo nd d on th a oa h i i t inK I and x i it a w hanow in v ra a ag of hi odO S g hat th o t ba ifor ana og a inf nan nd tanding of h no na by an of

mAoytc 6hi od 20 d f nding th E i an thod of ana ogi a inf n again t

th Stoi ob tion that o a g nt by ana ogy at nt y do not wor r ithat on annot a inf n abo t th invi ib f o han i i ariti nth vi ib wor d b t on y fro i iti whi h o with tota on i t n ythro gho t th who ang of o i n . It i inva id to a g that b ath ar g within o r i n th t b g o t id it for o now

dg of th wo d that v g tation va i fro gion to gion Thth S oi arg nt i ' a i y r f t d ont ad t d by th fa t and not

v n ba d on iri a t dy of th a t a i i a iti and d n th ti t in th thing wh h w ivoU U' )Y Y [o�]6 ' x

op v " [v "]O £ VO VO £ S7 Ao[y]t(6[fl8]vo09 . and E. a y in th ir dition of thi wo t an at thi a t h a a ' n i hi

a g nt ba d on ind tiv inf n f o th i i a i y and di n na aran... Th y ar d iv n o thi int tation by th i b i f thatE Aoy� 6i q iva nt to ind tiv inf n b t it i r y not o ibin G fo a o o nd ofAoy! c tfo o d by an a ativ to an' to inf r m .In a i i a ag f o th a wo hi od d a ing with anothStoi ob tion whi h arg that ana ogy with vi ib ob t wo d rov thatato ar d tr tib o r v y h th a to t:o y p

V V v[o ] l YP£ "[ ]v y f O[tJ " " " O£ 8p o u6v-[wvJI WV " m:oytcf 6[v] w[£ "] £ flo 6" " t "o [fl J

c v hu VO' 'w[v '€ov n p v 'u .Fo th r atain a wh r th thod by i i ar ty i not a way ad i ib and w

BAn xc ptio s GI ANTE, D geneLa zp. 50

also th phras us d by Ph lodem(Rhe II 47, 10 3):Wv e dG[1AwvJ a

r ew x l Un p Ovj V Bm cw I £.

2os Sign. X I I 3 6 f

bX 30�2

0 b XVII 30 h t t g ven h s mwn, s d n an examinati n of th o

a a ro i i a t dy of i i a iti in it i wrong to a inb XXII 28f n a o t i y anything on th ba i of han o on ro rti

a r2 h t th Stoi ai hat th i t n of a i i a ity ( .g. thatin t of o ta ity a n r b n within o r x i n ) an onb a d in th on ion of a arg nt if it i a o tat d a ong it

r i and x ainX Y' w t 'O! 'WY vo vwv · Aoy c o[b ] ' x xa v )v o� p stv. E s y p 'Oj r ap

Y \;%p 1 o £ "oD "o n ap€ eo l1 " f w£ & t w n ctvv%p o £ "o "o 1 pe o:ou v m:oytcflI cuv t (wv8n xe "

O 'oj s V ot6 v t.Th o gh iri a a nt of h no naI ha a h th on ion that i i a ity t xi t a o in thi t. For

in n in o i n o thi ha a t ri ti I ha d a n in

1 V E LEY


28/79

"' XXIII 13 - XXIV !

XXIV 1 8.

VIII 32 JX 3; cf RR GHETT ,'p 138

Her 1003 428 5�13H c1056 XIII 8-11

lb 8: p ' v " x 6 x X p o [ x ] x] p

lb 8-11 he e i my wn ba ed nan examina i n f he r ginaL

he nex ne and a ha f ine are bad ymu i a ed and he igh ra e whi h I have

ead n he papyru a any ra e ru e uDian re n u i n (he a makeI 11mu h ng) Bu he gene a en e f

11 14 w u d never he e a pear ber ugh y a Dian indi a e name y ha hewh e p e ed ng inve iga i n i e f f undedn he e oy e ;

Co tr Ep b 1 9 b= U 423 eeab ve

ral h l c clu hr u h mp r cal r as ha r sp c s m lar mus s 'I all hr h s passa s s ar u ha a mp r cal ass ssmE � A� 6 h s m la s ha s h ur p r c h m ar u v rsal, as pp s r u us a h r r c

r r c a u ha h ch l s ur p r cFur h r

a ls h s pr c ss ar r v al XXIII F rs h s a s h ma h rs c rr c l ll s ar as h s h ch p rc p ar r , all h m r r, s a

ha p rc v ll h h m h s r s m la c ' H h , a lmu la passa ,ak s h ampl r , a sh s ha hp r cs m charac r s cs r ar var a l , h h rH c clu s la ra h s r alpr pl &sv " I [ ]v[ ] "'" a 7 p]G y I " "A s 'W Y v v7po o "

7 Lsvo mAoy L6v %["]& a b v6 L ov' uo�v6 £, I v hsp 1v � nup ov h r r r sp c s m charac r s cs h ma h mamp cal

ass ssm ll ra r c s r m ha p rc v

h rs, h u h chh v r a ur r s c c va l , hll ma ah r s m la c ha p rc v '

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as s r a al cal r c h r ma s , u s ur h ch s r h r ha a k us r l ar mp r c

var s r h ssBu h r ca s u s ur p r ch chs ur r k mp r cal ha ur s a u v rs

r s c r , a ca v c c v r h ch s I ur h r passa h s rk h s sam r l s pr a l assEn Aoy ! 6u s uas v c s c h r aeEn[ Aoyt ]c vot h u h plaus l ca uara A a a

Ph l mus h s s m ha u c r a , u h mpl c ha h Ep cur a sch l mak sn Aoy� 6h as s a a ra

k a al cal r c ha ar u s r m c mm pr p r all h r k s

A passa h ch llus ra s h mp r a c ntAoyt ! 6 h Ep cur ah r k l ccu s h u um r ksp

U Ep curus s scr h ac rs h ch l huma up k l A r appar l um ra h m v s h c

s p s p s k h s ar p a ar s ck a cr, hc u s "" ' y p v E7[ ]Aoy V o > p r

] Jo p p o G E v & vo o ]mAoyF r h sl m mak a mp r cal calcula h cr r , a rm s mp r cal calcula r h ms lv s l ar'

h rs p clar h r s ha h lEntAoy�c 4 s h ivmAoy s & mA y< s h u ty h rm mA y £ccursp XXVIII, 3 VII 8 sup h r h c s u c r aa

c P u arch0 h r appar l s h ac v ra h

C O C E COL 32


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u tH w r, h r s r s n t supp s h t ut r h, wr g urur s t r Ep urus u d rst d th u n d d b th t r n us g

th ct rm n t n. Th s s w urth r s n s tA6ytct b h nh wr t gs Ep urus h ms n s n h p ss g qu t d b th th r

sp swXX III 13 VIII 3sup. I b h s s th s uxt p s nh rms


30/79

34RN M 269

n r § 2 b

6U 255.

c 26 7

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w£ V r 2 2 p U w PHe11 1 r 2 P i uS g rIV 5; De i>a l 9- , V 12 he168 1 5 1Poe !r_ 8 1PH c 003 330 3 350, 7 n nPHe 177 r . a w r r in

nLA y· c nj c ur n nt ub i

En�Aoy e &n t non te hn a en e) e ta n o nt . had be ome o u toma y n the E u ean hoo to afa u eto u e n�AoyLc 6£that emet u a ed the u a nate y. Indeed two h o o he ho how then uen e of E u u

eem ng to be fu y edged mem e of the hoothe autho of teudo atonAx o u ,and ogen anu a e gu ty of th ve

n on ten y f equent y u ngE AoyCec t yet t eat ng t a a ynonymfo Aoyi s " ·Thu nA u 65d and 69emAoyi "andve Aoy -wa e u e a e hoe of E u ean te m nou eout any onnotat on of em m S m a y ogto one

of Ch y u a gument fo dete m n m:Atv o v x v & &auv&p nou d&s p Y x l ve A6yt -ov x l v Eiwv A ywvV< U ov pys vthe wo d ou d have bee

t a ghtout of a wo by E u u but the add t onof the a t x wm y ng a they do that og a n on ten e an beE tAoyt

ent e y un E u eanThe ew te udgment eem to be wayed by the gene aofE tAoy� a found fo exam e n the w t ng of u

Em u and de ned by Ga e4It eem to denote any nd of dandun ont ove a dedu t on (by ont a t w thvaAoytc 6£but w th no ema onnotat on.

I havea gued that two ey te m ,p A P £andE tAoyt 6£,ame to featuom nent y n E u u theo y of now edge on y af

thendo the doxog a he e o d E u u ado t on of thnot ofthe atte The an we may be th tp6A r £ ea y e ognaa te hn a te m whe ea the E u ean u age oftAoy c 6 a we h

eenea y onf ed w th the wea e mean ng wh h the the hoo .Fo the a e of om etene Iend u by t ng a the fu the on Aoy Sec{} tand ognate fo m wh h I have found n E u

the u ound ng text a t tande the n om ehen b e o toto ount a ev den e�a though I an ee noth ng n any of thew th the nte etat on out ned above In E u uepl U £P6 I - the text g veo 7


31/79

§ 3 T Edit on f PH er 1479/ S r pta s t Ar- mark d N ar cl d d t apl s aa Ta o Con ord n r g tt r lat t sEp ur Ope e( 732). grap s T s mark dS ar l d d

F r a orn eI l s c l m b c m tpr t d t t If my t t s st r m rs rv v g p rt s b t t pp r a d tlay rs fr m a s gl l m , t la rs

F r t t rms s d s tr d§ l l r par s t s r l l m s mark d 0 am d a b cr f r c s t gl a r lat t s d t ar l d d t f rd ap grap s s

u p I NC n e frag ARR rag c

l I s A III B

B IIc

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I S a bIII

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6 I s [36] [1 ]II

I I

VI

u pfrag c l G

I O, N, II O N, S I II O N,S J

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35 AVI SE EY


32/79

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s0 5 4

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3sup O, N, S 5 sup.sup 0 5 sup

V sup O N, S 5 supV sup O, N, S 5 V sup

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V sup O, N, S 5 V sups p O,N, S V sup

X sup O N, S 5 sup.X sup O N S 5 X sup

sup. O, N S sup.s p. O,N, S s p.

)T Sy o P n ation

he e p in ed he e m m es my e din s he p py s i h h se0 nd he e Leiden sys em edi i si ns is sed i h ddi i ns

"�Y e e s ne y e edby he edi in he e his in sedn y e i ns he e din s he p phs in ses he e he p py s

i se n n n e be e d in he c i i pp s i is sed eq y

ses he e p e i s edi s h e h sen e e din he p py si e

"�Y pa a ap u s m he p py s nd p phs nd n e yes ed by he edi

he win e i ns e sed A nH n A nimA G Ahe i;B i C B i ey; C A C s ini; F i= K n F i z G

Ff ag V G

J

ss

L

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3 nf N, S 5 nf. nf N, S 5 n .

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V n N, S 5 V nf n N S 5 V n .

X nf. N, S IX nfX nf. N, S 5 nf.

nf N S 5 n .X n N S 5 n .

CRONA E ER O ANE I 36


33/79

Go HaJ Ha t ; o= . o g hi= R hi o ; VoVog ia i U i a owitz Mo do .

P P c 4 9 40 Ox o d og a h oP c 4 9 = Naog a h oP c 4 9/ 4

h v o o ti uou di ib i th t xtE g it a atio i add dI u ti g a u a I hav t i d to o th id o autio a g a a tio agai t th t avaga t t xtua to atio o hi i o a doth .I . 3 h a gu t a b o ow d ai o a d v i th a u ao v a i that o u i th t a a t o a h o u th i o t

a o ab ha o ov g th a oxi at I o d to avoida i g th t x w th v a g atuitou i o ow G I hav ado t d

th t o avi g u h a u a b a i th t t but o u i g what Ita to b th i i g i id qua b a t i th t a atio .Th iti a a a atu a o a i g th t xt o it tho o tu o viou

d to whi h a ow d out o a a og a hi a g ou d

7 E LEY


34/79

F o . J

. . . o] '[o •F 1 o5" £e £ jvvo v £ [cj ,6 "

]w r v x svbv e-. . . .] 1 l O £ £

Fr D o . J � £ [ .

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. . . . . .�JouA fs[S c]ot As

. . . . . . .] npo o c £ " £

. . . . .]'•£ v O £

. . .. .. ]v fot6' - dl v ... hjsp v G1tA

f v '] ct qMyyo £] [·

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2 p p suatv.

Fr o 8 [ . . .]vo !c [up £

o !c upi £ s [ f<' p H y[ v x l v

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l noA/ o[ P '.

F F o 5 . ]ov [. . . . .

. . . .] £ t [ v ]v o. . .]t t ' ' Y ' vj, m yo EY. n v-

2 sp i mp entA8yO!SY.

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35/79

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cb, [ ] o n . . ..7 c ( nte O )0 : sottoposto8 yo O0 : sovr p osto e t u er ot & V18 wpe v ;0 : sov pposto e , cu us -

e u tul

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out ha , by servi g tha

those who E eak the same language


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4 Ph 6 Vo spaium post W post v 4 6 l tte as

spati m t n ba v w n }w Vo

spati m post ev6v 19 post v&e alias igia 0 N: op o

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e[ £ W T XP[ ]e[&a s[ A] o [o J o a[

dv ]o 6[v ' ] [ ] x ( v ,] [[vvoj a[,] dH f vo[vNe

[ a] o. . e [ . e o1 � & , 'b [. . .

wv x [ ] x v [. . . .f1 [ ] ov [. . . . . f e& y [. •

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v[. . . . .] OU V -•] d -

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as s we e, i c as wse w rds, ass g i g s

s s ec ed a se c a h se mea gs

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s which he asscia ed wimage

C ON C E E COL E ! 40


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pov Vof1[ . . ]a 1•" "[t ]f


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40/79

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3 ['a]u' o Vo l l [O&Go. 12-15atre, -wuv, U c1 n vers um nibu s 0:

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5 [e] [xeA jev w X f S·ebtl' [o . J e1 i 'O 6 -o[ £ . . . .] n) v [Ajo v-'[ . . . . . . . ' j & CYE[ J , -a . , . �Y 7 CW' £

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41/79

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no or[,] � E V E%10 v o [ ]v o [ ]v [y

x ov [] ou x[]sv[ .

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47 DAVID SEDLEY

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Sedley - Epicurus de Natura 28