Segregare sociala

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1. ATTRIBUTIONS.It assigns to people different attributes as a result of differentiation2. STEREOTYPE.In this process, one assumes that person who fall into a particularcategory on the basis of certain characteristics also have many

characteristics that we assume to belong to that category3. SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECIES.As a consequence of our perceptions and attendant actions, theperson may begin to act as we expect him or her to act. Thus,

assigning a stereotype to a person may result in a self-fulling

prophecy.


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4. SOCIAL COMPARISONSSocial scientists find that people need to comparethemselves with others in order to establish for themselves

for what kind of people they are.

5. A FAIR WORLDWe often find that people are more concerned about

establishing equity than equality.6. JUST WORLD HYPOTHESISPeople like to believe that there is justice, that people getwhat they deserve.


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1. WEALTH AND INCOMEWealthwhat people own

Incomerefers to how much people get; it is the amount of

money one person or group receives.

2. INEQUALITIES OF POWER

Poweris a fundamental and inherent element in all human

interaction at every social level.

3. INEQUALITIES OF PRESTIGEPrestige provides people with a sense of worth and respect, a

feeling that somehow they are accepted and valued by others.


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THE SUBJECTIVE METHODResearchers using this method simply ask a random sample

of the population to the class they belong to.

THE REPUTATIONAL METHODUsing this method, the researchers select a small town and

ask a number of residents to assist them in their study.

THE OBJECTIVE METHODIn this method, the researchers divides people into socialclasses according to their income, occupation, education

and type of residence.


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A. THE CONFLICT THEORY stresses the link between stratificationand an ongoing struggle among competing groups and classes over

limited supply of reward and resources.

An advocate of the conflict theory was KARL MARX who believed thatall history has been the story of class conflict over material privilege and

power.

One group, the EXPLOITERS, strives to maintain its advantage oversubordinate groups, the EXPLOITED. In a capitalist society, the struggletakes place between those who own the means of production--- theBOURGEOISIE(the capitalist), and those who sell their labor --- thePROLETARIAT(workers).


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1 TO EACH ACCORDING TO NEED the basic economicneeds of all people are satisfied

2 TO EACH ACCORDING TO WANT wealth is distributedaccording to what people desire or request3 TO EACH ACCORDING TO WHAT IS EARNED peoplewho live according in this system become themselves the source

of their own wealth

4 TO EACH ACCORDING TO WHAT CAN BE TAKEN everyone ruthlessly attempts to acquire as much wealth as possiblewithout regard for the hardships that might be brought on the

others bec of these actions.


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B. THE FUNCTIONALIST THEORY. KINGSLEY DAVISelaborated the idea that stratification serves an important function

in society.

Combining the two theories, Theodore D. Kemper finds commonground for the conflict and functional theories in the ff:1. Both theories acknowledge that the evaluation of the

contributions of jobs to society also determines unequal rewards.2. The Marxisttheory leans heavily on the significance of power in

the distribution of resources, while the functionalists emphasize

the necessity of assigning some positions or work higher status

than others.3. Both theories recognize that social power plays a part in

determining the unequal distribution of rewards.


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Segregare sociala