SEKINO, Tatsuki (Research Institute for Humanity and Nature)

1Research Institute for Humanity and Nature

Integrated knowledge for temporal analysis - Base chronological tables, index of events and calendar conversion.

SEKINO, Tatsuki(Research Institute for Humanity and Nature)


Contents

๑. Basic Chronological Information(Three kinds of knowledge for temporal information analysis)

๒. Usage of the information

๓. System Construction


๑. Basic Chronological Information

Three types of knowledge for temporal information analysis


Three kinds of knowledge for temporal information analysis

(1) Base Chronological Table

(2) Index of Events

(3) Calendar Conversion

Basic Chronological Information

・ Essential for temporal information analysis・ General and Common for various study and education (business?)

Base Maps

Gazetteers

Datum Conversion



Base Map

Satellite Image

Data

Coordinates System(Latitude, Longitude)

Base Map for GIS



Event 1

Event 2

Event 3

Event4

Event 5

Event 6

Character String Data(Chronological Table)

Numerical Data)(Line Chart)

Lavo Sukhothai AyutthayaThonburi

Rattanakosin

・ Showing relative position for the focusing events・ Background of the events

Coordinates System(ex Gregorian Calendar)

Role of base chronological table

Base Chronological Table(Eras)



1948 Korea was divided into North and South Korea.朝鮮が南北に分断

เกาหลีแยกประเทศเป็นเกาหลีเหนือและเกาหลีใต้

1965 Singapore became independent from Malaysia.シンガポールがマレーシアから分離独立。สงิคโปรไ์ด้รบัเอกราชจากมาเลเซยี

1975 North and South Vietnam were unified.南北ベトナムが統一。

เวยีดนามเหนือรวมกับเวยีดนามใต้เป็นประเทศเวยีดนาม

(a) Eras 　 (Historical Period)(b) Major Events(c) Persons, Organization, Products(birth / death, accession / abdication, establish / dissolve ）

Lavo Sukhothai AyutthayaThonburi

Rattanakosin

Variety of base chronological table

Example of "(b) Major Events" 　 data

Example of "(a) Eras" data

Example of the base chronological tables usage (Ayutthaya Historical Study Centre)

Example of "(c) Persons" data

1868-1910　 พระบาทสมเด็จพระจุลจอมเกล้าเจา้อยูห่วั 　 Chulalongkorn, Rama V1910-1925　 พระบาทสมเด็จพระมงกฎุเกล้าเจา้อยูห่วั 　 Vajiravudh, Rama VI1925-1935　 พระบาทสมเด็จพระปกเกล้าเจา้อยูห่วั 　 Prajadhipok, Rama VII1935-1946　 พระบาทสมเด็จพระเจา้อยูห่วัอานันทมหดิล 　 Ananda Mahidol, Rama VIII1946-　 พระบาทสมเด็จพระเจา้อยูห่วัภมูพิลอดลุยเดช 　 Bhumibol Adulyadej, Rama IX


(2) Index of Events

บางกอก

Bangkok

バンコク

曼谷

بانكوك방콕 (13.759227,100.474949)

The capital of Thailand

In Case of Spatial Information (Gazetteers)

Inclusion Property

Latitude = 13˚45´33.2˝ NLongitude = 100˚28´29.8˝ E

Asia > South East Asia > Thailand > Bangkok > Pathumwan

Position on the Coordinates System


(2) Index of Events

แผ่นดินไหวและคล่ืนสนึามิในโทโฮะกุ พ.ศ. 2554

2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami

東北地方太平洋沖地震

2011年日本东北地方太平洋近海地震(2011 -03-11T14:46:18+09:00)

In Case of Temporal Information

11 March 201114:46:18 (JST)

Position on the Coordinates System

Inclusion PropertyDisaster > Earthquake > 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami

Vietnam War > Ho Chi Minh Campaign 　 > Fall of Saigon


(3) Calendar Conversion

JD 2431981 (1946 -06-09)

昭和廿一年六月九日

9 June 19469 Tháng Sáu 1946

民國 35 年 5 月 10 日

단기 4279 년 6 월 9 일

9 มถินุายน 2489 皇紀 2604 年皐月甲寅

Julian Date (JD)The interval of time in days and fractions of a day since January 1, 4713 BC Greenwich noon.

YYYY-MM-DDYYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:dd

ISO 8601 Format

Calendar Conversion

Common Temporal Axis Date Time Format


๒. Usage of the information


Linking between knowledge

TemporalInformation

Analysis

RetrievalVisualization

Data Construction

(1) Base Chronological Table(2) Index of Events(3) Calendar Conversion


How to use the basic chronological information?

Data


Visualization : HuTime – A tool for visual analysis of temporal information

List of Layers

Popup Window(to show detail of an event)

Time Slider(GUI to change displayed temporal range)

Layer ofLine Chart

Layer ofChronologicalTables

Layer ofTime Scale

leap month

http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/nihudb/gt-tools/


Retrieval

(2) Index of Events(3) Calendar Conversion

Documents writtenduring the World War II

Stock pricesduring Ramadan

Web pages createdbefore Chinese New Year

Calendar Conversion

Index of Events

date < 2011-02-03

date >= 2011-08-01date < 2011-08-30

date >= 1939-09-01date < 1945-09-02

Photos after "2011 Tōhoku earthquake" date >= 2011-03-11


Annotation

Bangkok is the capital, largest urban area and primary city of Thailand. Known in Thai

as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon or Krung Thep, meaning "city of angels" for short, it was

originally a small trading post on the west bank of the lower Chao Phraya River during

the Ayutthaya Kingdom. It became the capital in 1768 after the destruction of

Ayutthaya by Burmese invaders. However, the current Rattanakosin Kingdom did not

begin until 1782, when the capital was moved to the east bank of the river by Rama I

following the death of King Taksin. The city is more formally called "Phra Nakhon",

referring to the original boundaries of the 18th century, while the name Krungthep

Mahanakorn includes the urban areas which have since grown. Still most Thais and

foreigners generally call the city by its original name of Bangkok.

1782-04-06

to 1782-04-07

Accession of King Rama I

Taksin the Greatfrom 1734-04-17

1782-04-21

to 1809-09-07

Buddha Yodfa Chulalokefrom 1736-09-07

1351-03-04

1767-04Burmese burned Ayutthaya

U-Thong Ramathibodi Iascended to the throne

Bangkok became the capital of Thailand

(from Wikipedia)

(2) Index of Events(3) Calendar Conversion


Linkage between Time and Space

(1) Base Chronological Table(2) Index of Events(3) Calendar Conversion

GazetteersBase Maps


・ Temporal variation in spatial distribution・ Spatial variation in temporal change

Data for temporal analysis Data for spatial analysis

TemporalAnalysis

SpatiotemporalAnalysis

Basic Geographical Information

Spatiotemporal analysis and visualization


Spatiotemporal analysis on HuTime and HuMap

Spatial distribution of the events from chronological tables

HuTime

HuMap


๓. System Construction


Existent basic chronological information

Examples

Google TimeLine

Basic chronological information is not linked each other.

IssuesFlexibility

The data cannot be used for other software or services.

Integration and Linkage

Basic Chronological TableIndex of Events

Calendar Conversion

Kanreki ( 換暦 )


System to supply basic chronological information

Requirement

Information should be supplied various (standardized) format・ CSV・ KML 　→　 for Google Earth?・ XML 　→　 for HuTime?・ RDF, Topic Maps

・ Web pages・ Software ・ DLL → 　 Add-In of Excel? (for Calendar Exchange)

Information and function should be used through public API

Multilingual


Now Going...

・ History textbooks for secondary education・ Subject Headings for library

Use Case

Give me comments・ How do you use the basic chronological Information?・ Do you know any appropriate data source for the information?

(books, documents, web pages)

Data Collection

System Design ・ API・ Data Structure

Textbooks for secondary education （ Japan ）


Thank you for your attention.

Tatsuki SEKINO

HuTime (GT-Time): Temporal information Analysis softwarehttp://www.chikyu.ac.jp/nihudb/gt-tools/GT-Time.html