Selected Topics of Information Technologies

Prof. Dr. Yang DehuaSchool of Economics and ManagementTongji University

Outlines

Data Resource Management Computer Networks

Data and Information

Data Information Information Quality

Timeliness Relevancy Forms

Data Resources and Organization

Foundation Data Concepts

Character

Field

Record

File/Table

Database

Data OrganizationPersonnel Database

Payroll File Benefits File

Employee Record1

Employee Record2

Employee Record1

Employee Record2

Name field

Name field

Name field

Name field

SS No Field

SS No Field

SS No Field

SS No Field

Salary Filed

Salary Filed

Insur-ance Field

Insur-ance Field

Logical Data Elements

Jones 275-32 200.0 Smith 234-98 150.0 Jones 275-32 50.0 Smith 234-98 30.0

Database Systems

DBMSData

Applications1

Applications2

Applications3

...

Database Types

Types of Databases Operational databases Distributed databases External databases Hypermedia databases

Data Models

Data Models Hierarchical Network Relational Object Oriented Database

Data Warehouse

Enterprise Data Warehouse(EDW) Data Marts Data Analysis and Decision Making

Data Warehouse--Example

Data Warehouse--Example

Data Warehouse--Components

Data Management Subsystem

Metadata Management Subsystem

OLAP

Enterprise Data Warehouse

Data Mart

Metadata Directory

Metadata Repository

Data Access and Delivery Subsystem

Web information Systems

Data Acquisition Subsystem

Warehouse Design Subsystem

Operational, External,Other Databases

Users

Data Mining

Data Mining To discover correlations, patterns, and trends in vas

t amount of business data stored in data warehouses

Models and Algorithms Statistical models Optimizations Forecasting

Data Mining Processes

DatabasesTargeted Data

Data Warehouse

Patterns Knowledge

Selection Transformation MiningInterpretation/Evaluation

ETL

Database Software

Commercial Software Oracle DB2 MS SQL Server

Database Software(FOSS)

Free Open Source Software MySQL PostgreSQL

Computer Networks

Computer Systems Computer Hardware Computer System Software Computer Application Software Users

Computer Systems

Hardware, Software, and People

Hardware

System Software

Application Software

Users Computer

Computer Telecommunications

Telecommunications Model

Telecommunications Software

PCs, NCs, and Other Terminals

Telecommunications Processors

Telecommunications Processors

Telecommunications Channels/Media

Computers

Computer Telecommunications

Communication Example -- Dial-up Network

PC Modem Modem PC

Telephone LineProcessors

Computer Network Types

Computer Networks In Area Covered Perspective

Local Area Networks(LAN) Municipal Area Network(MAN) Wide Area Networks(WAN)

In Network Ownership Pespective Public Networks Private Networks Virtual Private Networks(VPN)

Computer Network Types

In Communication Media Pespective Wired Networks Wireless Networks

Client/Server Computing

C/S Structure

Requests

Data and Services

Intranet Computing Multi-Tier Architecture

Network Protocols

Basic Functions of Networks Communications Resource Sharing

Some Frequently Used Protocols NetBEUI IPX/SPX TCP/IP

The Internet

The Internet Features Internetworking TCP/IP Protocols Public Networks Global Information Dissemination Huge Volume of Information Quick and Convenient Access Low Cost

The Internet Structure The Internet Routing

Ethernet

RouterRouter

Server

Computer Workstation

Router

Router

server

The Internet Address

The Internet Addresses Internet Device Identification The Internet Addresses

IP v4: 4 bytes; 202.89.132.56 127.0.0.1

IP v6: 16 bytes 1080:0000:0000:0000:0008:0800:200C:417A 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0A00:0001

The Internet Domain Names

Domain Names www.myserver.com --> 202.9.13.201 Domain Name Service(DNS)

Top Level Domain(TLD) Names By Country or Region Acronyms:

cn, us, hk, de, ... ... By Industries, Businesses, Governments and Organiza

tions com, gov, mil, edu, net, org

Hierarchy of Domain Name Services

Internet TLD

Additional Top Level Domain Names after 1980 aero (for the air-transport industry) biz (for businesses) coop (for cooperatives) Info (for all uses) Musium (for museums) Name (for individuals) Pro (for professions)

Basic Internet Services

E-Mail WWW FTP BBS WEBCAST ...

Intranets and Extranets

Intranet A corporate network that functions with the Int

ernet technologies, usually guarded by firewalls when connected with the Internet.

Extranet A network that links the intranets of business pa

rtners over the Internet.

Corporate Intranet

Engineering Server

H. R. Server

Marketing Server

Legacy Data Server

Internet Web Site

Customers Suppliers

Other Company Locations

Internet Links

Intranet Links

Extranet Links Extranet Links

The Relations among Internet, intranets and extranets in an Enterprise

Enterprise Internet, Intranets and Extranets

Intranet Structure Enterprise Intranet Structure

Web Server

Database Server

Hub

Fire Wall

Internet

Dev. WorkstationDev. Workstation

Data

DMZ Accessing Control&

Security

Hub

Application Server

Intranet

Extranet Connections Enterprise Extranets

WAN Connections

Classes of WAN Connections: PSTN[public switched telephone (voice) networ

ks] Connected via PBX (private branch exchange) to loc

al telco exchanges, circuit switched, charged by time ISDN ADSL

WAN Connections

PSDN (public switched data networks) Connected directly, packet switched, charged by volu

me/capacity DDN ATM FDDI

Internet Connections FTTx+LAN

10M/100M/1000MBPS Fibre Optic Cable ADSL

512K/1M/2M/4MBPS Cable Modem

512KBPS(U)/1MBPS(D) Wireless Network

WiFi(b,g,n), WiMax, Mobile Communications BPL(Broadband over Power Line) VPN

ADSL Connection

Cable Modem Connection

Ethernet

Splitter

Cable Modem

Home ComputerTV Set

CATV Cable

Wireless Technologies

Wireless Standards/Technologies: IrDA – short distance, peripheral connections Bluetooth - short distance, <720Kbps, used on mobiles IEEE 802.11b/g /n(Wifi) – mature, cheap, <11/54/3

00Mbps, used on laptops, patchy coverage WiMax(Worldwide Interoperability for Microw

ave Access) - new, long distance, <70mbps, 31 miles range

Mobile Communications

Wireless LAN

Mobile Communications Provide Pervasive Computing/Services Voice Services:

Cellular network, limited frequencies, location based Standards:

GSM (Global Systems for Mobile Communication) (2G)

CDMA (Code Division Modulation Access) (3G) Data Transfer

WAP I-Mode Data access by CDMA

Broadband over Power Line

BPL

SSL VPN (Example)

Internet SSL VPN Tunnel

SSL VPN GatewaySwitch

Firewall

Network Mgmt

App/Data Server

RAID Disks

Fiber Switch

FTP Server

Web Server

E-Mail Server

Anti-Virus Server

Apps and Data Area

DMZ Area

IDS

Router

IPSec VPN (Example)

VPN Router C2621XM-2FE/VPN/K9

Firewall NGFW4000

Firewall NGFW3000

Switch WS-C3550-48-SMI

IDS CVI-S100-1-P

Network Mgmt CWW-6.1-WIN

IBM P650 IBM P650

RAID HDS Thunder9532V

Fiber Switch BR-3200-0011

IDS CVI-S100-1-P

FTP X235-8671-L1C

Web Server X205-8480-42X

E-Mail X205-8480-42X

Anti-Virus Mcafee

Internet IP SEC Tunnel

Firewall NGFW3000

VPN Router C2621XM-2FE/VPN/K9

VPN Router C2621XM-2FE/VPN/K9

IDS CVI-S100-1-P

Apps/Data Zone