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September 4, 2014
ENGR B47Intro. to Egr. & Design
Lab #2
The Design Process &The Book Light
Today’s Agenda
• Design Process example 1: HPH• Design Process example 2: IDEO• Start a project of our own
– Info on LEDs– Info on building a circuit– Divide into teams– Define project specifically– Start drawing up designs
The Design Process
Imagine it.
Design it.
Build it.
Improve it.
- Landis p.39
• Specifics in 2.2 - 2.3• Walk through case study
Design ProcessCase study: Human-Powered Helicopter
Step 1: Customer Need or Business Opportunity• Different than business route
– Design prize offered by The American Helicopter Society (AHS)
– “Isn’t about creating a practical machine. It is an engineering challenge to the vertical flight technical community. This is a multi-disciplinary project that harnesses technical skills and teamwork to overcome what many have said for three decades was an impossible challenge”
• Open up new possibilities• First offered in 1980, $25k payout
From AHS website, accessed 2014-09-01
Design ProcessCase study: Human-Powered Helicopter
Step 2: Specifications and Constraints• Set by rules Human-Powered Helicopter competition• Rotary wing• Capable of VTOL• Flight time: 60 seconds• Altitude: must exceed 3 meters momentarily• Drift: stays within 10 meter square*• Energy storage: not permitted• Lighter than air gasses: not permitted
... and others
From AHS website, accessed 2014-09-01
Design ProcessCase study: Human-Powered Helicopter
• What was not said– Use 6061-grade aluminum– The four blades should have a teardrop profile– The hand-crank should should be positioned above the
pilot
• We don’t care how it works, we care that it works
If AHS knew how to build the best HPH, they’d have done it already!
From AHS website, accessed 2014-09-01
Design ProcessCase study: Human-Powered Helicopter
Step 3: Data and Information Collection
Step 4: Development of Alternative Designs
Step 5: Evaluation of Design /
Selection of Optimal Design
Step 6: Implementation of Optimal Design
Step 7: Test and Evaluation
Step 8: Redesign! (“fail fast”)
From AHS website, accessed 2014-09-01
Design Process
• Book tracks those of U. of Maryland Team– Gamera I– Gamera II
• “Whether the Gamera team (or any other team) will have won the Sikorsky Prize by the time you read this is anybody’s guess”...
Sikorsky Prize Winner!
• Set on June 13, 2013• Completed by AeroVelo• $250,000 cash prize
Image from Popular Mechanics article posted July 11, 2013
Sikorsky Prize Winner!
Video available on AeroVelo website:
http://www.aerovelo.com/projects/helicopter/intro/
Example #2: IDEO’s Shopping Cart
• Video from 1999 (don’t laugh!)• Follows a premier design company - IDEO• Watch the process in action• Video available on YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL23EB9F0658CEDF6A
The Book Light Project
Searched common online marketplace for “Book Light” about nine hours ago (link)
What Tools Do We Need?
• Light source is LED– Info here is paraphrased from Georgia State
University “HyperPhysics” website
http://tinyurl.com/LEDinfo4BC
• How is it different from light sources we know?
• How does it work?
Knowledge of Basic Circuits
• Wires are like electron superhighways– Idealized as resistance of 0.000 Ω– Never any electron traffic jams
• Battery is like electron elevator(pretty bad metaphor but the best I
can do)– Low energy electrons come in– High energy electrons go out
• Will add in a switch– “Open” means you’ve put up a roadblock– “Closed” means you’ve re-opened the superhighway
Time to Make Teams
• Ideally...– Everyone gets a person familiar with circuits– Everyone gets a person with soldering experience
• If not?– Welcome to real life– Be prepared to learn– Don’t fake it - ask some questions
Design Criteria
A device that gives off LED illumination when “clipped” to a book (off otherwise)
Has construction sturdy enough to withstand everyday use
Is visually appealing to the user
Constraints
• Materials– Chip clip (various)– LED– Wire– Battery holder– AAA batteries– SPST NO switch– Electrical tape– Other components, decorations, paint (not supplied)
Tentative Schedule
• Week 1: Preliminary Designs• Week 2: Finalize Design, Wiring• Week 3: Aesthetics, Ergonomics, Refinement• Week 4 (Sept 25): Evaluation / Presentations